US2227020A - Cathode ray deflecting means - Google Patents

Cathode ray deflecting means Download PDF

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Publication number
US2227020A
US2227020A US158389A US15838937A US2227020A US 2227020 A US2227020 A US 2227020A US 158389 A US158389 A US 158389A US 15838937 A US15838937 A US 15838937A US 2227020 A US2227020 A US 2227020A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lens
deflecting
potential
deflection
cathode ray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US158389A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schlesinger Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOEWE RADIO Inc
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LOEWE RADIO Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOEWE RADIO Inc filed Critical LOEWE RADIO Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/085—Aggregate or filler materials therefor; Coloured reflecting or luminescent additives therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
    • E01C7/182—Aggregate or filler materials, except those according to E01C7/26
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them
    • E01C7/351—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them with exclusively hydraulical binders; Aggregate, fillers or other additives for application on or in the surface of toppings with exclusively hydraulic binders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces

Definitions

  • the object of .the present invention is to provide an improved method of electrostatic-ally deflecting cathode rays at large angles in a manner such that any .lack of sharpness of the. image point occurring at the edge of the image is avoided.
  • the method consists in the combination of the deflecting plates with an electrical front lens, this front lens being supplied, by the deflecting potentials, with alternating potential by way of a special integrating coupling which is a'feature of 1 the invention.
  • the front lens then compensates the lack of sharpnessat theedge of the picture.
  • I Fig. 1 showing a pair of electrostatic cathode ray deflectors and a few essential electrode and circuit elements associated therewith, illustrates in a diagrammatical fashion the production of the fault which the invention serves to eliminate
  • Fig. 2 being of a similar type as Fig. 1, illustrates a modified way of eliminating said fault
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram of potentials plottedagainst time as abscissa and serving to'e'xplain certain considerations involved in the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows the essential parts of the electrode system of a cathode ray tube-and the circuits associated therwith and designed according to the invention.
  • a bundle of cathode rays I the thickness of which is comparable with the distance between the two deflecting plates 2 and 3, be supposed to be deflectedupwards.
  • plate 2 is maintained positive relatively to plate 3 by an appropriate voltage source or biasing means 4.
  • the anode 5 be grounded or assumed to be earthed. The sharpness of the edge of the picture then depends to a very large extent on where the grounding point 6 is connected withthe potentiometer 1.
  • the focal error assumes an intermediate value, the focal distance in the case of large-angle deflection beingtoo short and then toolong.
  • a remedy against this shifting of the focus is obtained by avoiding as far as possible the speed variation Av.
  • the applicant has experimented with a successful method consistingin the provision of a wire grid it, formed by wires parallel to the plate surfaces and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the electrons, and earthed.
  • a disadvantage, however, of'this method according to the invention resides in a certain reduction of the sensitivity of deflection in the ratio inwhich the penetration of the deflecting field through the wire grid is reduced.
  • Another method consists in increasing the distance between the plates, but is attended by the same disadvantage.
  • the technical object must consist in eliminating the focal displacement without impairing the sensitivity of deflection.
  • the procedure may be such that each deflecting system corrects its marginal error separately. This is achieved according to the invention by the following arrangement (Fig. 2)
  • the deflecting plates 2 and 3 are operated in push-pull by the deflecting voltage from 4.
  • the rays must traverse, before entering the plate field, a front lens 8 according to the invention.
  • This front lens is connected with a correcting alternating potential e
  • the curves of the potentials are to be seen from Fig. 3. If the potential e3 increasesfrom negative to positive values, whilst the potential 62 is mirror-reversal thereto,
  • the time constant depends on the frequency of the deflection. For periods image change it amounts for example, to 1 megohm/1,000 cm.
  • the desired disposal of the curve is preferably adjusted experimentally with the aid of oscillographic observation. If the time constant has the correct value, the resulting curve is symmetrical with respect to the mean potential when the time constants of the charge and the discharge are equal.
  • the resistance I t and condenser I I are structurally united with the deflecting condenser. The resistance will always be of one order larger than the internal resistance of the relaxation oscillation generator 4, whereby a distortion of the actual deflection is avoided.
  • the front lens 8 may, alternatively, be provided with a separate lead-in conductor and the correcting potentials may be supplied from the outside by separate potential sources.
  • the stated integration method applies only to deflections of the time base type having a sawtooth curve, 1. e., for oscillographic and television purposes.
  • the provision of the front lenses 8 also has the additional advantage that such a lens acts as screening means between the different pairs of plates and the surroundings and thus prevent distortions of the image.
  • Another very convenient method of overcoming the marginal sharpness error consists in applying suitable alternatingpo-tentials to the electrostatic lens of the tube.
  • the front lens 8 possesses, if biassed posi-.
  • the oscillation potential of the lens must then be'such as indicated in Fig. Ii -and.
  • the television cathode ray tube is represented diagrammatically by its anode 5, its tubular lens ,memberIi-i and its cathode 8.
  • the deflecting voltag'elsupply is shown by relaxation oscillation transformers I4 and I5, which act in push-pull onthe plates and the middles of which are connected to the anode 5. No special correction lenses are provided in front of the deflecting plates.
  • the tubular lens member is blessed from the potentiometer I! by way of a working resistance I6.
  • the integration circuit I0/ I I is connected with that phase of the framing deflection which has a positive
  • the desired distorted potential curve with positive peaks which'is represented in Fig. 3 by e
  • the time constant of the transmission unit I 6, I1 must be greater than all periods occurring in the operation of the tube.
  • a second integration system with correspondingly smaller time constant of the resistor I0 and condenser II may be connected with the corresponding phase having a positive de El and amixture of the two correction potentials may be taken from a potentiometer I8 and impressed on the lens I3.
  • the correct phase is found simply by changing the polarity of the primary Windingof' the transformers I4 and I5.
  • the potential formed at I8 and the tubular member may be amplified by a resistance amplifier stage or it may be transformed; the deflecting. transformer may, for example, be pro .vided with an auxiliary winding Ida, which suphave the curve form e (Fig. 3), which is readily I possible by causing the potential obtained at I8 to control the grid of an amplifying tube, the anode circuit of which includes the exciting Winding of the magnetic lens.
  • An electric circuit comprising a cathode ray tube having included therein an electron emitting cathode and an anode and a target, means to apply a voltage of predetermined magnitude between the anode and cathode to form the released electrons into a beam and move the beam toward the target element within th tube, a beam focusing electrode intermediate the cathode and anode, means to supply a normally substantially constant voltage to said focusing electrode to cause the electron beam in its normal undeflected state 1 to focus at the plane of the tube target, two mutually perpendicular pairs of deflecting plate electrodes intermediate the tube anode and target, means for applying voltages to each of the pairs of deflecting plates in push-pull to defiect the electron beam to cause it to traverse the target according to a predetermined pattern, the deflection in one direction being relatively rapid and in the other direction being relatively slow, integrating circuits each comprising a series resistor and condenser connected to be energized by the voltage applied to one deflecting electrode

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
US158389A 1936-08-12 1937-08-10 Cathode ray deflecting means Expired - Lifetime US2227020A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200818X 1936-08-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2227020A true US2227020A (en) 1940-12-31

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ID=5763019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US158389A Expired - Lifetime US2227020A (en) 1936-08-12 1937-08-10 Cathode ray deflecting means

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2227020A (de)
CH (1) CH200818A (de)
FR (1) FR825482A (de)
GB (1) GB505355A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2473754A (en) * 1941-07-19 1949-06-21 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Amplifier circuits with double control
US2572861A (en) * 1947-06-03 1951-10-30 Sylvania Electric Prod Deflection system for cathode-ray tubes

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749070C (de) * 1939-07-27 1954-03-01 Telefunken Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung einer ablenkabhaengigen magnetischen Nachkonzentration
DE951385C (de) * 1950-12-10 1956-10-25 Zeiss Carl Fa Vorrichtung zur Korrektur der Bildfeldwoelbung an elektronenoptischen Geraeten

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2473754A (en) * 1941-07-19 1949-06-21 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Amplifier circuits with double control
US2572861A (en) * 1947-06-03 1951-10-30 Sylvania Electric Prod Deflection system for cathode-ray tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB505355A (en) 1939-05-08
CH200818A (de) 1938-10-31
FR825482A (fr) 1938-03-03

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