US2719415A - Knitting method and machine - Google Patents

Knitting method and machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2719415A
US2719415A US263377A US26337751A US2719415A US 2719415 A US2719415 A US 2719415A US 263377 A US263377 A US 263377A US 26337751 A US26337751 A US 26337751A US 2719415 A US2719415 A US 2719415A
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United States
Prior art keywords
needles
cylinder
dial
knitting
rib
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US263377A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert H Lawson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scott and Williams Inc
Original Assignee
Scott and Williams Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scott and Williams Inc filed Critical Scott and Williams Inc
Priority to US263377A priority Critical patent/US2719415A/en
Priority to GB31875/52A priority patent/GB761972A/en
Priority to FR1074714D priority patent/FR1074714A/fr
Priority to CH309524D priority patent/CH309524A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2719415A publication Critical patent/US2719415A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/06—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with needle cylinder and dial for ribbed goods

Definitions

  • ments dial and cylinder needles, sawtoothv and plain sinkers and fins
  • dial and cylinder needles sawtoothv and plain sinkers and fins
  • the dial needles could knit close to, but to the rear of, active cylinder needles, with the other elements correspondingly reversed as to sequential location and with shogging in the opposite direction; but for consistency of description reference will be made throughout the description to the particular arrangement referred to above.
  • the dial While the cylinder and dial rotate generally in unison at the same angular speeds, the dial is shogged with respect to the cylinder between positions for proper rib knitting, in accordance with the invention, and for proper transfer.
  • the dial must also be capable of being shoggedbecause during rib knitting dial fins are quite close to the sawtooth sinkers and if they were in a corresponding position when the dial. was raised, as it must be to make room for the welt fabric, the fins and sawtooth sinkers would interfere when the dial was automatically lowered by failing to provide space for the welt, the sinkers being in their in-. ward positions to hold thewelt at the time lowering occurs, though immediately after lowering of the dial they are moved outwardly and so remain during rib knitting.
  • the shogging is accomplished by providing in the driving connections to the dial a planetary gear arrangement which may be shifted undercontrolof the main cam drum of the machine during operation without interferingwith normal concurrent rotation of the dial and cylinder, there being merely a slight phase. shift of these two rotating parts. It will, of course, be evident that such a shogging device of planetary or other type may be inthe cylinder drive connections, the important feature being, a relativeshogging movement between the cylinder and dial.
  • Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation: showing dial driving connections including. the shogging means heretofore.
  • Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevation looking at the right-hand side of Figure l and showing adjustable means for limiting shogging movements;
  • Figure 3 is an. inside development ofthe cams for acting uponthe butts of cylinder needles
  • FigureA is a horizontal sectionshowingin particular cams for-acting upon the hook and point members con.- stituting the two-part dial needles;
  • Figure 5 is a similar. view showing, in particular, the waves imparted to the dial needle members
  • Figure. 6 is. a development looking inwardly at the. cylinder and dial needles and. associatedelements, the sinkers associated with the cylinder needles being shown in section;
  • Figures 7 to 11, inclusive are enlarged axial sections showing the relationships of the cylinder and dial needles and associated elements during rib knitting, the various sections being taken on the axial planes indicated at 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, respectively, in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6;
  • Figure 12 is a diagram showing conventional rib formation
  • Figure 13 is a diagram showing the improved rib formation
  • Figure 14 is a diagrammatic illustration of a stocking provided in accordance with the invention.
  • the half hose machine which is illustrated is, except for the relationships of the needles and the shogging mechanism, essentially as described in said Scott patent and, accordingly, there are illustrated only those changes and parts which are particularly concerned with the attainment of the objects of the present invention. As will more fully appear hereafter, transfer operations are carried out precisely as described in said Scott patent, and they have not been illustrated.
  • the half hose machine comprises the slotted needle cylinder 2 in which are mounted latch needles which are designated 4' and 4", there being designated by 4' those alternate needles which are active during rib knitting while there are designated at 4 the intermediate needles which are inactive during rib knitting.
  • these needles are provided with butts arranged to be acted upon by suitable cams, there being made provision for differentiating the needles of the groups 4 and 4" by means of jacks which are not illustrated, the arrangement being as in said Scott patent.
  • sinkers indicated at 6 are provided with sawteeth 8 and usual nibs 10 and are located to the left of, or behind, from the standpoint of direction of cylinder rotation, each of the active needles 4, as illustrated particularly in Figure 6.
  • the intermediate sinkers 12 are without the sawteeth 8 and are provided at the rear of the inactive needles 4".
  • These sinkers of both sets are mounted in conventional fashion and have conventional waves imparted thereto, as described in said Scott patent, by cams acting upon their butts. If other types of ribs, such as 2 x l or 3 x l are desired, certain of the sawtooth sinkers 6 may be replaced by plain sinkers 12.
  • the usual slotted dial is provided at 14 and has fins 15 of the usual type provided on its underside for cooperation with the sawtooth sinkers to assist in the drawing of the fabric inwardly from the cylinder needles.
  • the dial is automatically vertically movable as described in said Scott patent. It is raised in the formation of the welt to provide room for the formation of the welt fabric and is then lowered with respect to the cylinder for knitting of the rib. It is then again raised after transfer.
  • the hook members 16 are provided with the usual hooks 18 while the point members 20 are provided with the usual points 22. Butts 24 and 26 on these respective members are arranged to be acted upon by dial cams, such as indicated in Figure 4, including the member 28 provided with the cam surface 30 and earns 32, 34 and 36.
  • the butts of the cylinder needles are arranged to be acted upon by the switch cam 37, the reverse stitch cam 38, the center cam 40, the forward stitch cam 42, the rise cam 44 and the lowering cam 46.
  • the needles 4 which are active during rib knitting, pass these cams along the butt path A, their butts passing over the reverse stitch cam 38 and being depressed by earns 40 and 42 to take yarn at the feed of the machine, then being raised by cam 44 and lowered by cam 46.
  • the needles 4" which are inactive during rib knitting, enter the butt path B and aredepressed below the reverse stitch cam 38 by switch cam 37 thereafter moving horizontally to join the butts of the needles 4' to be raised by cam 44 and then lowered by cam 46.
  • the dial 14 is connected to a shaft 48 which is driven through the pair of bevel gears at 50 from a shaft 51 which is; in turn driven by a pair of bevel gears 52 from a vertical shaft 54.
  • the shaft corresponding: to 54 was driven in unison with the needle cylinder by direct gear drive.
  • a yoke 68 mounted coaxially with the shafts 54 and 64 serves to mount the stub shaft 61 to provide a planetary gear arrangement, the yoke being connected through a linkage including the link 70 so as to be angularly shiftable by a cam on the main cam drum of the machine between positions limited by the adjustable stop screws 72 and 74.
  • the linkage, including the link 70 has sufficient spring so that at the extremes of its movement the yoke 68 may be definitelyv arrested by the screws 72 and 74 in the two extreme positions.
  • the yoke 68 is in contact with stop screw 72.
  • stop screw 74 During all knitting, including the transfer operation, the yoke 68 is in contact with stop screw 72. During rib knitting, however, it is in contact with stop screw 74.
  • the dial needles and cylinder needles are in the relative positions illustrated in said Scott patent suitable for transfer of loops from the dial needles to the cylinder needles.
  • the dial needles are substantially in the same axial planes as the needles 4" to which transfer of loops is to be made. Fins 15 are then in the axial planes of plain sinkers 12. As indicated above, these relative positions of the parts would result in rib knitting of the type heretofore produced and relatively unsatisfactory as already mentioned.
  • the sawtooth sinkers will now be asymmetrically located with respect to the cylinder and dial needles, the dial needles being spaced to a greater extent than the active cylinder needles from the sawtooth sinkers therebetween. a s
  • Figure 12 illustrates the old type of rib fabric produced on half hose machines, in which fabric a dial needle. wale is indicated at 80 flanked by cylinder needle wales at 82 and 84. Between the cylinder wales. are the so-called sinker wales 86 and 88, which designation is commonly used though rather inappropriately as applied to the present type of rib formation, inasmuch as yarn is not drawn directly over the sinkers. Perhaps more properly the loops in the vertical lines at 86 and 88 may be referred to as bights between the dial and cylinder needle wales. At the top of this figure the center lines of the various knitting elements are designated by the reference numerals of these elements.
  • the dial needles having the parts 16 and 20 are symmetrically located between active. cylinder needles 4 and in vertical alignment with the inactive cylinder needles 4". Symmetrically located between cylinder needles are the sawtooth sinkers 6 and plain sinkers 12. Pins are substantially directly above plain sinkers 12.
  • elasticity of a rib knitted fabric is due to its normal tendency to achieve thickness by extension of the bights of its sinker loops normal to the faces of the fabric, bringing the plain and rib Wales together, one set on one face of the fabric and the other on the. opposite face.
  • the portions of the yarn in the tightened cylinder needle wales and sinker Wales are capable of relatively little distortion while the bights of the dial needle Wales are substantially incapable of horizontal elongation by virtue of straightening and are visible from both faces of the fabric.
  • the fabric has little thickness and inferior elasticity is the result.
  • Figure 13 illustrates the improvedfabric and the relative positions of the knitting elements.
  • the wales corresponding to those of Figure 12 are designated by the same numerals primed.
  • the sawtooth sinkers do not engage the dial needle loops but, rather, the bights of sinker wales 88. These are slightly enlarged as a result, but they stand approximately normal to the fabric faces when the fabric is relaxed so that by distortion to directions more nearly parallel to the fabric faces they contribute to the fabric elasticity.
  • the dial needleloops and the cylinder needle loops are approxi? mately ofthe same size, with the sawtooth sinker wales 88' somewhat wider than the plain sinker wales 86 and in the relaxed fabric the cylinder needle loops appear substantially touching each other on one face of the. fabric and. the dial needle loops appear substantially touching each other on the other face, each set of loops being hidden from the opposite face.
  • the result is a highly elastic. fabric of substantial thickness. This fabric is characterized by the slight asymmetry of the bights be tween the dial and cylinder needle loops on opposite sides of each needle Wale.
  • a welt may be produced by forming a setting-up. course on the dial needles and alternate cylinder needles after which the dial needles are caused to hold their stitches while knitting proceeds on cylinder needles only for an appropriatenumber of courses knitting plain fabric. Then the rib knitting, is started, thestitches held. on the rib needles beingpicked up to provide a turned welt. This is as described in the Scott patent.
  • the start may involve. the knitting of .a so-called tab on alternate cylinder needles only, starting with every fourth needle.
  • rubber may be incorporatedin the portion of the article preceding formation of the rib.
  • the dial is raised relatively to the cylinder during welt formation and this is also. true during tab formation.
  • the dial is in a position in whichrthe fins are located above the plain sinkers, so that the dial may be lowered without too little clearance. betweenits fins and the sawtooth sinkers. After it is loweredwit is shogged to the proper position for rib knitting as heretofore described, at which time the fins are .closely aljacent to the sawtooth sinkers and overlap them: as shown in Figure 6 but the sawtooth sinkers are in outwardly re.- tracted positions as shown in. Figures 7 to 11.
  • a stocking blank provided in accordance with. the: in.- vention is illustrated in Figure 14 in. which W represents theplain knit welt or other top, R represents the improved rib portion, L represents the plain knit leg and F represents the foot, the heel and toe being shown at H and T respectively.
  • the portions of the stocking other than the rib top maybe conventional.
  • the article is cast off when completed, for example, after the knitting of the usual. loopers waste courses in the caseof the knitting of half hose.
  • dial needles comprising independently movable hook members and cast-off members and being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, and means for selectively locating dial needles either close to, and in advance of, cooperating active cylinder needles during rib knitting, or substantially midway between those cylinder needles which are active during rib knitting.
  • dial needles comprising independently movable hook members and cast-off members and being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, and means for selectively locating dial needles either close to, and in advance of, cooperating active cylinder needles during rib knitting, or substantially midway between those cylinder needles which are active during rib knitting, the last mentioned means comprising means for producing relative shogging movements between the dial and cylinder.
  • dial needles being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, and means for selectively locating dial needles either close to, and in advance of, cooperating active cylinder needles and to the rear of alignment with inactive cylinder needles during rib knitting, or substantially midway be tween those cylinder needles which are active during rib knitting.
  • dial needles being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, and means for selectively locating dial needles either close to, and in advance of, cooperating active cylinder needles and to the rear of alignment with inactive cylinder needles during rib knitting, or substantially midway between those cylinder needles which are active during rib knitting, the last mentioned means comprising means for producing relative shogging movements between the dial and cylinder.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, the dial needles being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, sawtooth sinkers located between each active cylinder needle and the next following inactive cylinder needle, and means for locating dial needles close to, and in advance of, cooperating active cylinder needles during rib knitting, the parts being arranged so that said sawtooth sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder and dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, the dial needles being of a type capable of transferring loops to cylinder needles, there being twice as many cylinder needles as dial needles, alternate cylinder needles only being active to draw stitches during rib knitting, and sawtooth sinkers located between each active cylinder needle and the next following inactive cylinder needle, the parts being arranged so that said sawtooth sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder and dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, and means for locating dial needles close to, and in advance of,
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, and means for locating dial needles close to, and in advance of, cooperating cylinder needles during rib knitting, the parts being arranged so that said sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder needles and by following dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, sawtooth sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, and means for locating dial needles close to, and in advance of, cooperating cylinder needles during rib knitting, the parts being arranged so that said sawtooth sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder and dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, sawtooth sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, and means for locating dial needles close to, and in advance of, cooperating cylinder needles during rib knitting, the parts being arranged so that said sawtooth sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder needles and by following dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder, a dial, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried thereby, and sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, the parts being arranged so that said sinkers engage yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder and dial needles during rib knitting.
  • a cylinder In a circular knitting machine, a cylinder, a dial movable axially relatively to the cylinder, cylinder and dial needles respectively carried by the cylinder and dial, sawtooth sinkers associated with the cylinder needles, fins carried by the dial, and means for producing relative shogging movements between the dial and cylinder so that, when the dial is being moved towards the cylinder the fins may be spaced substantially angularly from the sawtooth sinkers, and when the dial and cylinder are closely related for rib knitting the fins may be brought closely adjacent to the sawtooth sinkers.
  • the method of knitting an article starting on bare needles comprising knitting a plurality of courses in which all loops are concatenated in one direction, and then knitting continuously therewith a rib portion on cylinder and dial needles while drawing inwardly the knitted fabric by elements engaging yarn extending between loops drawn by cylinder and dial needles.
  • the method of knitting an article starting on bare needles comprising knitting a plurality of courses in which all loops are concatenated in one direction, and then knitting continuously therewith a rib portion with the dial needles close to, and in advance of, cooperating cylinder needles, the dial needles being closer to following active cylinder needles than to preceding active cylinder needles, the cylinder needles drawing their stitches in advance of the drawing of stitches by the dial needles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US263377A 1951-12-26 1951-12-26 Knitting method and machine Expired - Lifetime US2719415A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US263377A US2719415A (en) 1951-12-26 1951-12-26 Knitting method and machine
GB31875/52A GB761972A (en) 1951-12-26 1952-12-16 Knitting method and machine and product thereof
FR1074714D FR1074714A (fr) 1951-12-26 1952-12-24 Procédé de tricotage, machine pourla mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et produit de cette machine
CH309524D CH309524A (fr) 1951-12-26 1952-12-26 Procédé pour tricoter un article comportant une partie à côtes, machine pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et article obtenu par celui-ci.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US263377A US2719415A (en) 1951-12-26 1951-12-26 Knitting method and machine

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US2719415A true US2719415A (en) 1955-10-04

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US263377A Expired - Lifetime US2719415A (en) 1951-12-26 1951-12-26 Knitting method and machine

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US (1) US2719415A (fr)
CH (1) CH309524A (fr)
FR (1) FR1074714A (fr)
GB (1) GB761972A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2943467A (en) * 1957-04-26 1960-07-05 Fidelity Machine Company Inc Dial shogging mechanism for circular knitting machines
US3026694A (en) * 1958-04-23 1962-03-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine
DE1197572B (de) * 1956-08-27 1965-07-29 Scott & Williams Inc Verfahren zum Stricken von Rippware auf Rund-raenderstrickmaschinen
US3340707A (en) * 1964-03-26 1967-09-12 Scott & Williams Inc Methods and machines for stocking production
US3475925A (en) * 1964-03-26 1969-11-04 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted products

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108914355A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2018-11-30 诸暨市通威针织机械厂 用于袜面成孔的袜机拨针装置及其网孔袜机

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1483009A (en) * 1921-05-23 1924-02-05 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting-machine needle
US1641101A (en) * 1921-04-14 1927-08-30 Scott & Williams Inc Automatic knitting machine
US2191389A (en) * 1939-04-11 1940-02-20 Scott & Williams Inc Circular rib knitting machine and method of operating same
US2191378A (en) * 1939-03-11 1940-02-20 Scott & Williams Inc Circular rib knitting machine and method of operating same
US2214549A (en) * 1938-12-06 1940-09-10 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric
US2255068A (en) * 1936-06-23 1941-09-09 Hemphill Co Knitting machine and method of knitting
US2387769A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-30 Scott & Williams Inc Circular knitting machine and method of operating same
US2387768A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-30 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric and method of making same

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1641101A (en) * 1921-04-14 1927-08-30 Scott & Williams Inc Automatic knitting machine
US1483009A (en) * 1921-05-23 1924-02-05 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting-machine needle
US2255068A (en) * 1936-06-23 1941-09-09 Hemphill Co Knitting machine and method of knitting
US2214549A (en) * 1938-12-06 1940-09-10 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric
US2191378A (en) * 1939-03-11 1940-02-20 Scott & Williams Inc Circular rib knitting machine and method of operating same
US2191389A (en) * 1939-04-11 1940-02-20 Scott & Williams Inc Circular rib knitting machine and method of operating same
US2387769A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-30 Scott & Williams Inc Circular knitting machine and method of operating same
US2387768A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-30 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric and method of making same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1197572B (de) * 1956-08-27 1965-07-29 Scott & Williams Inc Verfahren zum Stricken von Rippware auf Rund-raenderstrickmaschinen
US2943467A (en) * 1957-04-26 1960-07-05 Fidelity Machine Company Inc Dial shogging mechanism for circular knitting machines
US3026694A (en) * 1958-04-23 1962-03-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine
US3340707A (en) * 1964-03-26 1967-09-12 Scott & Williams Inc Methods and machines for stocking production
US3475925A (en) * 1964-03-26 1969-11-04 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB761972A (en) 1956-11-21
FR1074714A (fr) 1954-10-07
CH309524A (fr) 1955-09-15

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