US3678683A - One-piece roller-impulse member for timepiece escapement - Google Patents
One-piece roller-impulse member for timepiece escapement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3678683A US3678683A US119265A US3678683DA US3678683A US 3678683 A US3678683 A US 3678683A US 119265 A US119265 A US 119265A US 3678683D A US3678683D A US 3678683DA US 3678683 A US3678683 A US 3678683A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- impulse
- safety roller
- escape
- lever
- fork
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920004943 Delrin® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
Definitions
- ONE-PIECE ROLLER-IMPULSE MEMBER FOR TIMEPIECE ESCAPEMENT [72] Inventor: Edward F. Cielaszyk, Oglesby, Ill.
- Lever escapements are predominately used in springwound clocks and watches. Common use is a toothed escape wheel connected through a gear train. The escape wheel is powered from the well known mainspring or other power source. An escapement lever pivoted about a point between its ends has at one end a pair of pallet pins and at its other end a fork. The pins are separated by a distance between the teeth of the escape wheel according to a well known formula. A balance wheel, biased by the usual hairspring, is arranged for oscillation on a balance staff.
- an impulse pin of hardened steel or jewel
- a safety roller of brass or the like is fixed on the balance wheel shaft and is laterally separated from the impulse pin.
- the safety roller cooperates with the well known guard pin which is fixed in the escapement lever adjacent the forked end thereof.
- the indented or crescent portion of the safety roller allows the guard pin to pass freely when the escapement lever is unlocked, during oscillations of the balance wheel.
- the escape wheel driven by the mainspring of the timepiece through its gear train, forces the escapement lever to pivot. Consequently, the forked end of the escapement lever acts on the impulse pin, causing the balance wheel to rotate and increase tension of the hairspring. The tensioned hairspring then causes rotation of the balance wheel in the opposite direction.
- the escapement lever being held in its banking position due to the draft action between the pallet and escape wheel tooth, is positioned for entry of the impulse pin as the balance rotates. Due to the inertia of the balance wheel and the energy stored in the hairspring, the impulse pin enters the fork slot of the lever during its return, rotating said lever and unlocking the lever pallet from the escape wheel tooth.
- the escape wheel driven by the mainspring and gear train, rotates, forcing the lever pallet outward thereby again pivoting the lever.
- the opposite side of the fork slot on the pivoting lever then strikes the opposite side of the impulse pin, causing the balance wheel to rotate and increase tension of the hairspring in the opposite direction.
- the opposite lever pallet at this time, locks another escape wheel tooth and the lever is now positioned for entry of the impulse pin in the opposite direction.
- the type escapement described is the commonly known detached lever escapement, where the balance is free of the influence of the escapement and power from the gear train, except during unlocking and impulse.
- the lever is positioned for repeated entry and re-entry of the impulse member into the forked end of the escapement lever. If the timepiece and consequently the movement is subjected to an external shock, the escapement lever may be jolted away from its banking position at a crucial time during balance wheel oscillation, when the impulse member is out of the fork slot of the lever, and cause lock-up of the movement. To insure entry of the impulse pin into the lever fork, the motion of the lever away from the banking during shocks is limited by the interaction of the guard pin and safety rolli The lock remains between pallet and escape wheel and is commonly referred to as guard pin safety lock.
- the principal object of the present invention is to provide an improved timepiece escapement mechanism that features an extremely efficient escapement control element in the form of a combination safety roll and impulse member that is simple in construction, very inexpensive to manufacture, is easy to install, requires no adjustment, is very durable in use and has very low coclficient of friction.
- the impulse pin In prior and current escapements of the type disclosed herein, the impulse pin must necessarily be lubricated to reduce the ing the problem of adhesion.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic perspective view of the escapement mechanism of a timepiece showing the novel combination safety-roller impulse member of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1 but shows the safety roller and impulse pin arrangement so well known in the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the combination safety roller impulse member of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is greatly enlarged front elevational view thereof.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along lines 5 5 of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 1 of the drawing there is shown an escapement comprising an escape lever 10 and an escape wheel 12 which form the basic portion of a clock or watch escapement.
- the escape lever is mounted on an escape lever shaft 14 which is journaled in the base plates (not shown) of the movement.
- the escape wheel 12 is mounted on an escape wheel shaft 16, one end of which is also joumaled in the base plates.
- the toothed end of shaft 16 is driven by the main spring of the movement by means of the gear train, the operation and characteristics of which are very well known and therefor not disclosed herein.
- the escape lever 10 carries a pair of pallet pins 20 which alternately engage the teeth 24 of the escape wheel 12 and effect the impulsing and locking operations that result in a unidirectional rotation of the escape wheel 12. If the escape wheel 12 is not periodically locked, the main spring will rotate the gear train at full speed until the main spring is completely unwound. The escape wheel is prevented from such free rotation by the action of the escape lever 10 which includes a fork-like portion 26 at one end thereof.
- the opening formed by the times of the fork is adapted to fit over an impulse pin 30, which is usually of hardened steel or a jewel and is fixed adjacent the hub of a balance wheel 32 in a well-known manner.
- Roller 34 commonly known as the safety roller and customarily of brass, is secured fast to a balance wheel staff 36 by pinning or the like.
- An indented crescent 38 of the safety roller allows the roller to pass under the urge of a hairspring 40 when the escape lever 10 is unlocked.
- the movement of the lever by the impulse pin is made at the fork; the impulse pin enters the fork opening and unlocking and impulse are effected. As one tooth slides off the impulse plane of one of the pallet pins, another tooth is stopped by the other pallet pin.
- a simple one-piece roller and impulse member is generally designated 44 and is provided with an impulse portion 46 and a safety roller portion 48.
- the composite unit 44 is preferably of a durable plastic such as DELRIN, for one example, and is formedas shown in the drawings.
- the impulse portion 46 is provided with a fork engaging extension 50 having rounded edges 52 which contribute to the smooth operation of the escapement by rolling in and out of contact with the tine 28. Due to the character of the plastic material, application of lubrication between parts is unnecessary.
- the safety roller portion 48 is provided with a complete opening 54 or poising slot for accomodating the guard end of guard pin 42 in distinction to the notch 38 of the prior art FIG. 2.
- the poising slot 54 is aligned with the fork-engaging extension 50, as best seen in FIG. 4.
- a bore 56 in impulse portion 46 is of lesser diameter than the semi-circular base 58 of the opening 54 in safety roller portion 48. Reference is made to the zone designated W which is of lesser diameter than the zone designated V in FIG. 5.
- the bore 56 is entered on the balance staff and the composite unit is positioned by force-fitting, completely independent of the balance wheel. Assembly is greatly facilitated by obviating independent and critical alignment of impulse pin and safety roller which was heretofore the practice.
- the invention may be readily and reliably reproduced and assembled at a very high production rate and with attendant low manufacturing costs.
- a timepiece having a driven escape wheel with evenly spaced teeth about the periphery thereof, a two-ended escape lever pivoted between its ends, the escape lever having pallets at one end engaging the teeth of the escape wheel and a fork at its other end, a guard pin also at the other end of the escape lever adjacent the fork, a balance staff impulsed in a first direction by the fork of the escape lever through the driven teeth of the escape wheel, a hairspring connected to the balance staff to drive same in a direction opposite the impulsed first direction following an impulse imparted by the fork of the escape lever, the improvement comprising a composite impulse member and safety roller formed of durable plastic and force-fitted on the balance staff in operative relation to the fork and guard pin of the escape lever to timingly control the drive of the escape wheel, said impulse member having an impulse portion integral therewith and said safety roller having a slotted portion therein, the impulse and slotted portions being formed in the same axial plane to operatively cooperate with the fork and guard pin, respectively, of the escape
- said means for maintaining the concentricity of said safety roller comprises, the impulse member having bore therethrough and the safety roller slotted portion having a substantially semi-circular base portion on the same axis of the bore as the impulse member, the bore in the impulse member being of smaller diameter than the semi-circular bore in the safety roller, whereby the concentricity of the safety roller is preserved during force fitting of the composite impulse member and safety roller on the balance staff.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11926571A | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3678683A true US3678683A (en) | 1972-07-25 |
Family
ID=22383444
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US119265A Expired - Lifetime US3678683A (en) | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 | One-piece roller-impulse member for timepiece escapement |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3678683A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1359577A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3791251A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1974-02-12 | Bunker Ramo | Timepiece escapement |
| DE3108196A1 (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-09-16 | Parrenin S.A., 25130 Villers-le-Lac | Device which forms the anchor escapement, in particular of a clock, and a method for producing the balance wheel of this device |
| EP2075652A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | Chopard Technologies SA | Driving and transmission element for an escapement, plate and escapement equipped with it, and timepiece comprising them |
| US20090168611A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Gigandet Christophe | Driving and transmitting element for an escapement, roller table and escapement equipped with them, and timepiece including them |
| US20100027381A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2010-02-04 | Compagnie Des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. | Timepiece displaying the current time and including at least first and second devices displaying a time-related quantity |
| US20120014228A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Rolex S.A. | Timepiece |
| EP2605081A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Overmoulded timepiece barrel |
| CH708937A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-15 | Richemont Int Sa | oscillating element for clock movement. |
| US20150268631A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-09-24 | Nivarox-Far S.A. | One-piece composite impulse pin-safety roller component |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3335562A (en) * | 1965-03-03 | 1967-08-15 | Tissot Horlogerie | Anchor escapement for timepieces |
| US3469392A (en) * | 1967-10-10 | 1969-09-30 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Balance staff for a roskopf watch |
-
1971
- 1971-02-26 US US119265A patent/US3678683A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-02-17 GB GB737172A patent/GB1359577A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3335562A (en) * | 1965-03-03 | 1967-08-15 | Tissot Horlogerie | Anchor escapement for timepieces |
| US3469392A (en) * | 1967-10-10 | 1969-09-30 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Balance staff for a roskopf watch |
Cited By (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3791251A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1974-02-12 | Bunker Ramo | Timepiece escapement |
| DE3108196A1 (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-09-16 | Parrenin S.A., 25130 Villers-le-Lac | Device which forms the anchor escapement, in particular of a clock, and a method for producing the balance wheel of this device |
| US20100027381A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2010-02-04 | Compagnie Des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. | Timepiece displaying the current time and including at least first and second devices displaying a time-related quantity |
| US9778621B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2017-10-03 | Compagnie Des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. | Timepiece displaying the current time and including at least first and second devices displaying a time-related quantity |
| US8937850B2 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2015-01-20 | Compagnie Des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. | Timepiece displaying the current time and including at least first and second devices displaying a time-related quantity |
| EP2075652A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | Chopard Technologies SA | Driving and transmission element for an escapement, plate and escapement equipped with it, and timepiece comprising them |
| US20090168611A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Gigandet Christophe | Driving and transmitting element for an escapement, roller table and escapement equipped with them, and timepiece including them |
| JP2009162755A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-23 | Chopard Technologies Sa | Driving and transmitting element for escapement, roller table and escapement equipped with them, and timepiece including them |
| US8118480B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-02-21 | Chopard Technologies Sa | Driving and transmitting element for an escapement, roller table and escapement equipped with them, and timepiece including them |
| CN101470403B (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2013-05-22 | 肖尔帕技术公司 | Driving and transmitting element for an escapement, roller table, escapement device and timepiece |
| US20120014228A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Rolex S.A. | Timepiece |
| US8480293B2 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-07-09 | Rolex S.A. | Timepiece |
| CN103998997A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-08-20 | Eta瑞士钟表制造股份有限公司 | Horology assembly that overmoulded as mobiles |
| JP2015505041A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2015-02-16 | ウーテーアー・エス・アー・マニファクチュール・オロロジェール・スイス | Watch assembly having an overmolded wheel set |
| EP2605081A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Overmoulded timepiece barrel |
| CN103998997B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2016-09-14 | Eta瑞士钟表制造股份有限公司 | Timepiece assembly with overmolded wheel set |
| WO2013087404A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Eta Sa Manufacture Horlogere Suisse | Horology assembly that overmoulded as mobiles |
| EP2887151A3 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2016-06-29 | Richemont International S.A. | Oscillating element for a clockwork |
| CH708937A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-15 | Richemont Int Sa | oscillating element for clock movement. |
| EP2887151A2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-24 | Richemont International S.A. | Oscillating element for a clockwork |
| CN104950656A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-09-30 | 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 | One-piece composite impulse pin-safety roller component |
| US9223291B2 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-12-29 | Nivarox-Far S.A. | One-piece composite impulse pin-safety roller component |
| RU2593140C1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-07-27 | Ниварокс-Фар С.А. | One-piece composite roller element for pulse safety pin |
| EP2924517A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-09-30 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | One-piece composite pin - small plate part |
| CN104950656B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-08-08 | 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 | Single-piece compound flushing nail hitting safety disk part |
| US20150268631A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-09-24 | Nivarox-Far S.A. | One-piece composite impulse pin-safety roller component |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1359577A (en) | 1974-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MARINE MIDLAND BUSINESS LOANS, INC., GEORGIA Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL TIME CORPORATION, F/K/A TIME ACQUISITION CORP. A CORP. OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005092/0512 Effective date: 19880330 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GENERAL TIME CORPORATION, GEORGIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:TALLEY INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005178/0666 Effective date: 19890405 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BARCLAYS BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORPORATION OF C Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL TIME CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005648/0024 Effective date: 19901105 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GENERAL TIME CORPORATION, NORCROSS, GA A CORP. OF Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:MARINE MIDLAND BUSINESS LOANS, INC., A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005665/0004 Effective date: 19901105 |