US3739736A - Mooring system for drilling hull in arctic waters - Google Patents

Mooring system for drilling hull in arctic waters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3739736A
US3739736A US00167223A US3739736DA US3739736A US 3739736 A US3739736 A US 3739736A US 00167223 A US00167223 A US 00167223A US 3739736D A US3739736D A US 3739736DA US 3739736 A US3739736 A US 3739736A
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United States
Prior art keywords
hull
anchor
barge
mooring system
passageway
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00167223A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Carreau
A Fahlman
J Dawsin
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General Dynamics Corp
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General Dynamics Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B63B21/14—Hawse-holes; Hawse-pipes; Hawse-hole closures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A mooring arrangement is provided for drilling bull intended to be used in Arctic waters wherein the mooring lines are connected to the hull at points substantially below the waterline but extended up through passageways in the hull to anchor windlasses located above the waterline.
  • the mooring lines are fed up through these passageways by attachment to the end of lines which have been fed down through the passageways and brought to the surface by inflatable means 5 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures Patented June 19, 1973 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented June 19, 1973 3,739,736
  • Patented June 19, 1973 5 Sheets-Shoat 5 MOORING SYSTEM FOR DRILLING HULL IN ARCTIC WATERS
  • the present invention is concerned with oil drilling in offshore areas which are normally covered over by ice and in particular with a barge capable of withstanding the destructive forces of the ice, and barge mooring system which extends the station keeping ability in heavy moving ice concentrations.
  • Oil drilling rigs have long been in existence which were capable of maneuvering a drill and pipe from the surface of the water down to the sea bottom and drilling from there down to the place where oil may be found. So long as the environment which the rig was exposed to was no more hostile than sea waves, the structure of the rig could be constructed from any one of a number of suitable types for comparatively shallow areas. A rig which actually sat on the bottom and extended above the surface of the water was useful. For deeper depth, a floating rig moored in place by conventional means was useful and needed only to be made less sensitive to and resistant against the forces of waves.
  • the present invention solves these and other problems of the prior art by the provision of a floating conical structure in which the cone hull shape is upright, in that the points of the conic sections, if extended, would point downward, rather than upward as in the Gerwick and Lloyd proposal.
  • the hull is'composed of two frustro-conical sections of which the lower part is steeper than the upper part.
  • the shape of the hull itself is similar to the General Dynamics design for the Arctic Drift Barge designed for the National Science Foundation. This Arctic Drift Barge, in an unmoored state, was designed to be able to drift in the Arctic ice pack without damage from ice.
  • a mooring system is provided for the hull at a point below the level of the ice. Means are also provided for attaching this mooring system to the hull on location. Because of the connection of the hull substantially below the ice level, the mooring system itself is not subjected to severe hazard from ice.
  • FIG. I shows a pictorial representation of the arctic drilling rig of the present invention with a ship in the process of mooring the hull.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the drilling rig.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the'deck of the drilling rig.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the drilling rig taken along lines 4--4 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the drilling rig taken along lines 5-5 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the drilling rig taken along lines 6-6 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows an inflatable device used as a portion of the system for attaching the mooring on site.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic representation of the device in FIG. 7 being used to moor the hull of the drilling rig.
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternate embodiment of an inflatable device used in the mooring system.
  • Ice breaker ship I1 serves the function of towing the drilling rig to the site and it is used additionally in the process of attaching the mooring system to the hull of the drilling rig 10.
  • An anchor 12 has been dug into the sea bottom at a distance from the drilling rig 10 by the ice breaker 1 1.
  • the anchor 12 is connected to a long chain 13 which is in the process of being handed over from the ice breaker ship 11 to the drilling rig 10.
  • the bitter end of the chain 13 is fed up through an opening in the hull of the drilling rig 10 in a manner which will be described subsequently.
  • FIG. 2 we see the drilling rig hull 10 having a central vertical cylindrical shaft opening 21 through which oil drilling pipes and drills extend to the bottom. An opening off this shaft 21 provides access for a rail system 22 along which can be slid a blowout preventer (BOP) stack which at the appropriate time can be slipped into place in the drilling operation.
  • BOP blowout preventer
  • the construction and operation of a BOP stack are done in a manner known in the art.
  • Extending above the drill rig over the center shaft 21 is a drill tower 24 having a monkey board 25, traveling block and swivel 26, crown block 27 and navigation light and radar antenna 28 all of a type generally known in the art.
  • the traveling block serves to hoist and lower drill pipe in 60 foot long sections.
  • a rotary table 31 At the upper surface of the deck positioned over the shaft is a rotary table 31 on which the work of connecting and inserting pipes and drills is done.
  • a storage section 32 for the drill pipe in 60 foot sections is positioned around the center shaft.
  • Electric cranes 33 for lifting are positioned on the top deck. As indicated in FIG. 1, these cranes may be located to the side rather than in-line with the BOP stack.
  • the anchor chains 13 are shown extended out in opposite directions from the side of the drill rig.
  • the anchor chains extend through openings 34 which comprise shafts extending through the hull and up into anchor windlass areas 35 on deck. (The deck area includes both the regular surface and the outer surface of the deck housing and top deck.) Once there, they are attached to anchor windlasses 36 which haul them and hold them tight against the anchors.
  • the bitter ends of each of the anchor chains 13 are stored in chain lockers 37, after passing through hawse pipes 38. As is shown, the sea extends up into passages 34 to the same level as it does on the outside of the ship.
  • the outer hull shape of the hull 10 is comprised of a pair of frustro-conical forms of which the lower one 41 has a steeper angle to the vertical than the upper one 42.
  • Passages 34 for the anchor chain exit from the hull approximately at the junction of the two frustro-conical forms, which also is approximately at the center of gravity of the hull.
  • the surface of the sea around the hull is significantly above this junction so that even with feet of ice on the surface of the sea and making allowances for ice being forced downward by the pressure of the hull, the chain 13 will escape contact with the ice.
  • the upper portion 42 of the hull is a broader flatter angle so that ice coming in contact with it will be bent downwardly and be fractured in the manner which has been analyzed to be performed by the Drift Barge designed as above mentioned for the National Science Foundation.
  • the lower portion 41 of the hull 10 is more vertical in order to provide greater stability of the floating form by lowering the center of gravity and to provide more storage space. Within this below-deck storage space will be found the power plant, crew accommodations, oil tankage, water, and other necessary systems for maintenance of the rig.
  • the bottom of the rig is provided with two retractable motors (not shown) for minor adjustment of the position of the drill hull, which are useful during the mooring operation.
  • FIG. 3 is shown to better advantage the compartments 32 for the pipe sections positioned approximately three quarters of the way around the shaft 21.
  • doors 41 which close around shaft 21 except during the period when the BOP stack is passing through one way or the other. These doors prevent splashing of the sea which at this point is immediately below the floor of the storage section of the BOP stack 23.
  • Hawse pipes 38 are shown. There are a total of eight sets of openings 34, windlass 36, hawse pipes 38, and chain lockers 37.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the manner in which the openings 34 descend to the point of exit on the outer hull.
  • FIG. 7 An inflatable ring 51 is shown in FIG. 7 attached to a small weight 52. Attached to the inflatable ring is an air hose 53 which is attached by a light messenger wire 54 to an eye 55 attached to a chain retriever wire 56.
  • FIG. 8 shows the manner in which this device is used on site to feed the bitter end of the anchor chain 13 up through passage 34.
  • Inflatable ring 51 descends through passageway 34 in the uninflated condition. After it has descended out of the opening 34 into the water just outside the hull the air hose attached to it fills it with air then causing it to come to the surface of the water outside of the ship. The ring 51 can then be brought up to the surface of the deck from the outside by means of a hook 57 which may be supported by the crane 33.
  • the air hose 53 is disconnected at the inside end and messenger wire 54 is then pulled down through the opening 34 and up the outside of the hull by pulling from the outside of the hull until eye 55 has reached the deck from the outside.
  • the bitter end of the chain 13 which as shown in FIG. 1 has been handed over by the ice breaker is then attached to the eye 55.
  • the inflatable ring 51 and air hose 53 are disengaged from eye 55 and the bitter end of the chain 13 is dropped back into the water. Pulling on the chain retrieval wire 56 then hauls the chain up through the passageway 34 to the anchor windlass 36.
  • the chain retriever wire 56 and eye 55 are disengaged from the anchor chain 13 and it is pulled over the anchor windlass 36 and down through the hawse pipe 38 into the chain locker 37.
  • the inflatable ring 51 may then be deflated and taken over to the next passageway 34 and the process repeated.
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the inflatable device which brings the end of the messenger wire 54 to the surface.
  • This device comprises a small air capsule 61 attached by a valve 62 to an inflatable bag or ring 64.
  • Valve 62 is operated by a pull wire 63 linked to the messenger wire 54.
  • Attached to the end of the inflatable bag or ring 64 is a solid ring 65 which when the bag 64 is inflated will be floating at the top of the device within reach of the hook.
  • bag 64 and ring 65 are stored in a shallow open compartment 66.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 9 may be lowered through passageway 34 as before and inflated by pulling on the pull wire 63 when it has cleared the hull of the rig by a sufficient amount to come to the surface out from the rig. It is then pulled up by the hook 57.
  • the eye 55 is fed through passageway 34 and the bitter end of the chain 13 attached to it as before, after which the chain 13 is hauled up through passageway 34 to the anchor windlass 36.
  • air capsule 61 may be operated by an electrical signal, or it may be set to open in response to water pressure greater than a predetermined amount.
  • Hull 10 is hauled by the ice breaker 11 to the desired location of the rig.
  • the first of the anchors 12 may be dropped off the rear end of the rig and its grip on the sea bottom is pulled tight by the forward motion of the ice breaker 1 1.
  • This first of the anchors 12 may be attached to the anchor windlass 36 before reaching the site, since the rear of the hull as it is towed through the ice is sufficiently shielded from ice rubbing.
  • the ice breaker l1 disengages from the hull l0 and moves out from it in a direction opposite to the first anchor 12.
  • the second anchor 12 is dropped and its grip on the bottom is tightened as before.
  • the bitter end is then brought back to the hull rig and fed into the Windlass 36 in the above described manner.
  • the position of the hull 10 is fixed.
  • the ice breaker 11 then moves around the hull l0 setting the other six anchors 12 in turn and handing their bitter ends to the hull 10.
  • the hull 10 is anchored by eight chains 13 each set on the bottom and each attached to the hull 10 at a point on the hull for below water level.
  • the opening of passageway 34 will be about 15 feet below sea level, or at least ten feet below the ice even for 5 foot ice.
  • 5 foot ice is considered the maximum condition the hull can withstand.
  • the position of the rig thereafter is controlled by controlling the tension on the eight anchor windlasses 36, by appropriate hydraulic or electric motors 59, of known type.
  • a mooring system for a barge comprising:
  • ii. means on the end of said line capable of passing through said passageway and coming to the surface of the water outside the barge, whereby the bitter end of said anchor chain may be attached to the end of said line and drawn through said passageway onto said Windlass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US00167223A 1971-07-29 1971-07-29 Mooring system for drilling hull in arctic waters Expired - Lifetime US3739736A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886882A (en) * 1973-04-23 1975-06-03 Global Marine Inc Mooring apparatus for ice-breaking drill ship
US3902554A (en) * 1974-03-12 1975-09-02 Global Marine Inc Blowout preventer guide assembly for off-shore drilling vessel
US4354446A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-10-19 Conoco Inc. Temporary mooring of tension leg platforms
US4433941A (en) 1980-05-12 1984-02-28 Mobil Oil Corporation Structure for offshore exploitation
WO1985003048A1 (en) * 1984-01-03 1985-07-18 Hermann Wuttudal Turret for mooring vlcc size vessels
US4660496A (en) * 1984-08-08 1987-04-28 Gotaverken Arendal Ab Remotely releasable connections at a floating processing plant
US5431589A (en) * 1994-06-10 1995-07-11 Atlantic Richfield Company Submersible mooring buoy
WO1999029566A1 (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Ormen Brede A/S Floating installation
US6047781A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-04-11 Transocean Offshore Inc. Multi-activity offshore exploration and/or development drilling method and apparatus
US6321675B1 (en) 1998-12-10 2001-11-27 Ormen Brede As Floating installation
US20050092497A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-05 Rashid Omar A. Blow out preventer transfer platform
US20080121163A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Bruce Chip Keener Through-hull mooring system
US20080202812A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Atwood Oceanics, Inc. Simultaneous tubular handling system
US20100226204A1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-09 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US20110091304A1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Friede & Goldman Marketing B.V. Cartridge tubular handling system
EP2271548A4 (en) * 2008-01-02 2013-08-14 Nagan Srinivasan OFFSHORE PROMOTION, STORAGE AND SHIPPING SHIP FOR USE IN ICE-COVERED AND CLEAR WATERS
US8568063B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2013-10-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Mooring system for floating arctic vessel
US9354343B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-05-31 Ion Geophysical Corporation Declination compensation for seismic survey
US9389328B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-07-12 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water's surface
US9535182B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2017-01-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water surface
CN109444364A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-08 苏州煜水生物科技有限公司 一种水质在线监测平台固定装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132626A (en) * 1963-04-09 1964-05-12 Theodore C Reid Distress signal device
US3279404A (en) * 1963-12-20 1966-10-18 Offshore Co Floating mooring system
US3422783A (en) * 1966-02-09 1969-01-21 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device for automatically positioning a floating installation by means of moorings with controlled tension
US3620181A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-11-16 North American Rockwell Permanent ship mooring system
US3654649A (en) * 1969-11-12 1972-04-11 Amoco Prod Co System for retrieving anchor chains

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132626A (en) * 1963-04-09 1964-05-12 Theodore C Reid Distress signal device
US3279404A (en) * 1963-12-20 1966-10-18 Offshore Co Floating mooring system
US3422783A (en) * 1966-02-09 1969-01-21 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device for automatically positioning a floating installation by means of moorings with controlled tension
US3620181A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-11-16 North American Rockwell Permanent ship mooring system
US3654649A (en) * 1969-11-12 1972-04-11 Amoco Prod Co System for retrieving anchor chains

Cited By (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886882A (en) * 1973-04-23 1975-06-03 Global Marine Inc Mooring apparatus for ice-breaking drill ship
US3902554A (en) * 1974-03-12 1975-09-02 Global Marine Inc Blowout preventer guide assembly for off-shore drilling vessel
US4433941A (en) 1980-05-12 1984-02-28 Mobil Oil Corporation Structure for offshore exploitation
US4354446A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-10-19 Conoco Inc. Temporary mooring of tension leg platforms
WO1985003048A1 (en) * 1984-01-03 1985-07-18 Hermann Wuttudal Turret for mooring vlcc size vessels
US4601252A (en) * 1984-01-03 1986-07-22 Hermann Wuttudal Turret for mooring VLCC size vessels
US4660496A (en) * 1984-08-08 1987-04-28 Gotaverken Arendal Ab Remotely releasable connections at a floating processing plant
US5431589A (en) * 1994-06-10 1995-07-11 Atlantic Richfield Company Submersible mooring buoy
US6056071A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-05-02 Transocean Offshore Inc. Multi-activity offshore exploration and/or development drilling method and apparatus
US6047781A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-04-11 Transocean Offshore Inc. Multi-activity offshore exploration and/or development drilling method and apparatus
US6068069A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-05-30 Transocean Offshore Inc. Multi-activity offshore exploration and/or development drilling method and apparatus
US6085851A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-07-11 Transocean Offshore Inc. Multi-activity offshore exploration and/or development drill method and apparatus
GB2347387A (en) * 1997-12-11 2000-09-06 Ormen Brede As Floating installation
GB2347387B (en) * 1997-12-11 2001-12-19 Ormen Brede As Floating installation
WO1999029566A1 (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Ormen Brede A/S Floating installation
US6321675B1 (en) 1998-12-10 2001-11-27 Ormen Brede As Floating installation
US7451821B2 (en) 2003-10-29 2008-11-18 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Blow out preventer transfer platform
US20050092497A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-05 Rashid Omar A. Blow out preventer transfer platform
US20080121163A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Bruce Chip Keener Through-hull mooring system
WO2008067406A3 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-09-18 Transocean Sedco Forex Venture Through-hull mooring system
US7802636B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2010-09-28 Atwood Oceanics, Inc. Simultaneous tubular handling system and method
US8584773B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2013-11-19 Atwood Oceanics, Inc. Simultaneous tubular handling system and method
US20080202812A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Atwood Oceanics, Inc. Simultaneous tubular handling system
US10612323B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2020-04-07 Friede & Goldman United B.V. Simultaneous tubular handling system
US8186455B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2012-05-29 Atwood Oceanics, Inc. Simultaneous tubular handling system and method
US9410385B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2016-08-09 Friede Goldman United, Ltd. Simultaneous tubular handling system
EP2271548A4 (en) * 2008-01-02 2013-08-14 Nagan Srinivasan OFFSHORE PROMOTION, STORAGE AND SHIPPING SHIP FOR USE IN ICE-COVERED AND CLEAR WATERS
US20140104985A1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2014-04-17 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US9766360B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2017-09-19 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water's surface
US8593905B2 (en) * 2009-03-09 2013-11-26 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US10408959B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2019-09-10 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water's surface
US20100226204A1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-09 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US9354343B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-05-31 Ion Geophysical Corporation Declination compensation for seismic survey
US9389328B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-07-12 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water's surface
US10286981B2 (en) * 2009-03-09 2019-05-14 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US9535182B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2017-01-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying with towed components below water surface
US9604701B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2017-03-28 Ion Geophysical Corporation Marine seismic surveying in icy or obstructed waters
US9233739B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2016-01-12 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Mooring system for floating arctic vessel
US8568063B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2013-10-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Mooring system for floating arctic vessel
US9476265B2 (en) 2009-10-16 2016-10-25 Friede Goldman United, Ltd. Trolley apparatus
US8215888B2 (en) 2009-10-16 2012-07-10 Friede Goldman United, Ltd. Cartridge tubular handling system
US8696289B2 (en) 2009-10-16 2014-04-15 Friede Goldman United, Ltd. Cartridge tubular handling system
US20110091304A1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Friede & Goldman Marketing B.V. Cartridge tubular handling system
CN109444364A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-08 苏州煜水生物科技有限公司 一种水质在线监测平台固定装置

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IS2077A7 (is) 1973-01-30
IS849B6 (is) 1974-01-17

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