US3912446A

US3912446A - Composition for tinting, lightening and setting hair

Info

Publication number: US3912446A
Application number: US421670A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles Zviak; Giuliana Ghilardi
Original assignee: LOreal SA
Current assignee: LOreal SA
Priority date: 1968-01-19
Filing date: 1973-12-04
Publication date: 1975-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 1992-10-14

Abstract

A stable composition for softening, tinting, lightening and setting hair comprising a solution in a solvent selected from water and an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol of an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide to lighten the hair, an effective amount of at least one water soluble 1 : 2 chromium complex of a mono azo dye to tint the hair and an effective amount of a filmforming polymer to set the hair, said composition having a pH between 1.5 and 4.5.

Description

Zviak et a1.

COMPOSITION FOR TINTING, LIGHTENING AND SETTING HAIR Inventors: Charles Zviak, Franconville;

Giuliana Ghilardi, Paris, both of France Assignee: Societe Anonyme dite LOreal, Paris,

France Filed: Dec. 4, 1973 Appl. No.: 421,670

Related US. Application Data Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 195,868, Nov. 4, 1971, abandoned, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 791,780, Jan. 16, 1969, abandoned.

Foreign Application Priority Data Jan. 19, 1968 France 68.136698 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 12/1942 Luckenbach 424/71 2,551,056 5/1951 Schetty 260/147 2,749,332 6/1956 Buehler et a1. 260/ 145 A 2,784,179 3/1957 Zickendraht 260/147 2,953,498 9/1960 Werner 424/71 2,991,228 7/ 1961 Lustig 424/62 3,193,464 7/1965 Edman et al.... 424/62 3,206,364 9/1965 Purlee 424/62 3,499,844 4/1970 Kibbel et a1. 424/62 X 3,586,475 6/1971 Hewitt 8/10.l

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 298,719 8/1965 Netherlands 424/62 Primary ExaminerAlbert T. Meyers Assistant ExaminerVera C. Clarke Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Cushman, Darby & Cushman [57] ABSTRACT A stable composition for softening, tinting, lightening and setting hair comprising a solution in a solvent selected from water and an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol of an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide to lighten the hair, an effective amount of at least one water soluble 1 2 chromium complex of a mono azo dye to tint the hair and an effective amount of a filmforming polymer to set the hair, said composition having a pH between 1.5 and 4.5.

9 Claims, No Drawings COMPOSITION FOR TINTING, LIGHTENING AND SETTING HAIR This-application is a continuation-in-part of our application Ser. No. 195,868, filed Nov. 4, 1971, now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation of our application Ser. No. 791,780, filed Jan. 16, 1969, now abandoned.

One common type of hair setting lotion is adapted to have a slight simultaneous bleaching effect on the hair because it contains hydrogen peroxide, which is well known to act as a bleach when applied to keratinic fibers.

These bleaching and setting lotions make it possible to lighten the color. of the hair, even though the hair retainsits original basic color.

It is sometimes desirable to slightly tint the hair to impart thereto a tint different from its natural color.

.It has already been suggested that combined bleaches and setting lotions be used for this purpose which also contain a resin and a dye derived from triarylmethane. This type of composition is, however, unstable since the dye becomes degradedin the course of time when exposed to light or a bleaching environment.

The present invention relates to a combined bleach and setting lotion which makes it possible to avoid the foregoing disadvantages, and which is, in particular, characterized by an improved stability of the tinting dye, while nevertheless providing a very board range of possible tints.

The object of the present invention is to provide as a new article of manufacture a composition for simultaneously setting and lightening live human hair which is characterized by the fact that it comprises in combination hydrogen peroxide, at least one water-soluble 1 2 chromium complex of a mono azo dye and at least one cosmetic film-forming resin which is soluble in the composition, the pH of which is between 1.5 and 4.5. This pH range is critical to the stability of the compositions of this invention since if it is higher than 4.5, the compositions decompose.

The compositions according to the invention are aqueous lotions, that is to say, solutions in water or in an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol, such as ethanol and isopropanol, wherein the lower alkanol is present in amounts of about -70 percent by weight of said solution. In certain cases, however, this aqueous medium may be combined with other components, so that the compositions according to the invention may take the form of a gel, cream, or emulsionl The hydrogen peroxide content of the composition according to the invention is from 5 to 30 volumes, that is to say, from 1.5 to 9 of the total weight of the composition is pure hydrogen peroxide. A one volume of hydrogen peroxide solution means that one volume of the solution liberates one volume of oxygen under standard conditions of temperature and pressure.

According to the invention, the 1 2 chromium complex of a mono azo dye constitutes from about 0.001 to 0.5 and preferably 0.005 to 0.04 by weight of the composition. The compositions according to the invention can contain from 0.5 to 6 and preferably 1.2 to 3.5 of the film-forming resin which is soluble in the aqueous phase of the solution. The solvent makes up the balance of the composition.

1t is particularly advantageous to utilize as the cosmetic film-forming resin one having a molecular weight ranging from 10,000-150,000. Representative of such resins is polyvinylpyrrolidone having a molecular weight of about 20,000-150,000 and particularly, between 40,000-100,000. Also usefully employed is a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinylpyrrolidone wherein the ratio of VA/VP ranges between about 30-50 -50, and having a molecular weight of about 10,000-150,000.

Preferably, the cosmetic film forming resin is a vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer sold under the trade name PVP/VA S630, which is a white powder having a ratio of PVP to VA of 60 40 and having a specific gravity (25C) of 1.27 i 0.01 determined on the molten copolymer. lts K-value ranges between 30-50 wherein the K-value is a function of mean molecular weight and is derived from the formula:

wherein K 1000 K C conc. in g/l00 ml soln, and "q rel viscosity of the solution compared to the solvent. lts Gardner-Holdt viscosity at 25C in 25 ethanol is 50 centipoises.

Other non-ionic and/or anionic polymers that can be utilized as the film-forming resin include, for instance, a copolymer of vinyl ether/maleic anhydride and a copolymer of crotonic acid/vinyl acetate.

Representative water-soluble 1:2 chromium complexes of mono azo dye usefully employed in the present invention include those sold under the trade names Cibalan by the Ciba Company, lrgalan by Geigy, Isolan by Bayer and Lanasyn by Sandoz either singly or in combination. Definitions of the Cibalan, Irgalan and Lanasyn appear in The Theory and Practice of Wool Dyeing, C. L. Bird, 3rd Ed. 1963, the Society of Dyers and Colourists, pages and 98. Irgalans have been described in an article by G. Schetty, .l.Soc. Dyers and Colourists 71, 705 (1955). As an example there can be mentioned Irgalan Orange RL which is the sodiumammonium salt of the chromium complex of the azo dye obtained from diazotized 2-amino-1-hydroxyphenyl-4-methyl sulfone coupled in l-(3-chloro-phenyl)- 3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (Example 13 of U.S. Pat. No. 2,551,056).

Cibalans are reported in an article by C. Weidmann, Am. Dyestuffs Reporter 43, 167 (1954). An example of these is Cibalan Orange RL which is a chromium complex of 2-aminophenol-4-sulfonamide coupled on 1-p-tolyl-3-methyl-pyrazolone-5 (U.S. Pat. No. 2,784,179).

In addition to the above 1:2 chromium complexes of mono azo dye, others disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,551,056; 2,749,332 and 2,784,179 as well as those in French Pat. No. 1,170,774 can also be employed. For instance, there can be used C.l. Acid Blue 170 (Cibalan Blue BRL U.S. Pat. No. 2,749,332); C.l Acid Blue 188 (Irgalan Navy Blue 5RL U.S. Pat. No. 2,551,056); and Bright Violet Avilon B by Ciba (French Pat. No. 1,170,774); and the following dyes as defined in Colour Index, 2nd Ed. 1956 and 1963 Supplement:

C.l Acid Violet 71 (Cibalan Bordeaux RL);

C.l Acid Red 213 (Cibalan Bordeaux GRL);

Cl Acid Red 211 (Cibalan Red 2GL);

C.l Acid Red 219 (lrgalan Red 2BL); and

CI Acid Red 259 (Irgalan Red 4GL).

The 1 2 chromium complexes of mono azo dye used in the present invention are soluble in water and in acidic aqueous media and contain less than one atom of chromium in complex union per molecule of mono azo dyestuff. Preferably the ratio of the number of chromium atoms bound in complex union to the number of monoazo dyestuff molecules bound in complex union to the chromium is about 1 2.

Tests have been carried out which show that the compositions according to the invention are perfectly stable and can be stored without deteriorating for the length of time normally required to manufacture, distribute and sell such products. They also show that the high stability is only obtained when using as dyestuff the above described watersoluble 1 2 chromium complexes of a monoazo dye.

The compositions of this invention can also contain conventional cosmetic components or adjuvants including hydrogen peroxide stabilizers, such as phenacetin or acetanilide present in amounts sufficient to stabilize said composition and generally in amounts of about 0.05 to 0.2 percent by weight of said composition. Other adjuvants such as swelling agents and perfume can also be employed.

The compositions can be brought to an acid pH by adding any acid suitable for cosmetic use such as acetic acid, phosphoric acid and the like.

A tinted lightening hair set may be carried out in accordance with the invention in a very simple manner, since it suffices to apply the composition according to the invention to the hair, and set the hair, utilizing this composition in a conventional manner. The hair is set without requiring a conventional rinsing step.

Since the composition according to the invention is acidic, the condition of the hair is better after the tinted lightening hair set treatment of this invention, than after a hair set following a conventional tinting bleach treatment, which always utilizes ammonia and requires that the hair be rinsed and shampooed before the set.

In order that the invention may be better understood, several representative illustrative examples of the setting lotion of this invention are set forth below.

EXAMPLE 1 The following hair setting lotion composition is applied to natural deep blond hair:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (MW about 40,000) 1.8 g Ethanol, q.s.p. 30 Hydrogen peroxide. g.s.p. volumes Acetic acid 0.15 g Phosphoric acid 0.10 g Acetanilide 0.07 g Cl Acid Blue 170 (Cibalan Blue BRL US. Pat. 2,749,332) 0.05 g Water, q.s.p. 100 g The pH of the composition is about 2.5.

The hair is then set without rinsing. The head of hair is slightly lighter than its original deep blond. The hair is softened.

EXAMPLE 2 The following'hair lotion composition is applied to natural light chestnut hair:

Vinylpyrrolidonc/vinyl acetate copolymcr Sold under the tradcname PVP VA S 630 Ethanol, q.s.p. 50 Hydrogen peroxide. q.s.p. 15 volumes Phenacctin Phosphoric acid Acetic acid C.l. Acid Blue 188 (lrgalan Navy Blue 5RL-U.S. Pat. 2.551.056) Water. q.s.p. The pH of the composition is about 2.

The hair is then set, without rinsing. The color of the hair becomes lighter and less yellow. A slightly ashen glint is noted.

EXAMPLE 3 The following hair setting lotion composition is applied to the natural chestnut hair:

Vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer sold under the tradename PVP VA S 630 1.0g Ethanol, q.s.p. 50 Hydrogen peroxide, q.s.p. 12 volumes Acetic acid 0.15 g Phosphoric acid 0.10 g Phcnacetin 0.2 g

Bright Violet Avilon B (French Pat. 1,170,774) 0.05 g Water, q.s.p.

g The pH of the composition is about 2.5.

The hair is set without rinsing. Once dry, the hair is slightly lighter and slightly ashen. It is soft and shiny.

EXAMPLE 4 The following lotion is prepared:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (MW about 40,000) 1.5 g Ethanol, q.s.p. 25

Hydrogen peroxide, q.s.p. 15 volumes Cibalan Orange RL (U.S. Pat. 2.784.179) 0.05 g Acetic acid 0.15 g Phosphoric acid 0.10 g Acctanilide 0.0 g Water, q.s.p. 100 g The pH of the composition is about 2.5.

EXAMPLE 5 The following hair setting lotion composition, in the form of a gel, is applied to natural chestnut hair:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (MW about 40,000) C.l Acid Red 259 (lrgalan Red 4GL) Glycerol Phosphoric acid Acetanilide Hydrogen peroxide, q.s.p. 20 volumes Water, q.s.p.

The pH of the composition is about 2.5.

After setting and drying the hair is a shade lighter and has acquired an irridescent glint. It is soft and shiny.

What is claimed is:

, 1. A stable composition for tinting, lightening and setting hair comprising a solution in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water and an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol of an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide to lighten the hair, an effective amount of a water soluble 1:2 chromium complex of a mono azodye to tint the hair and an effective amount of a cosmetic film-forming polymer which is soluble in said composition to set the hair, said cosmetic filmforming polymer being selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone having a molecular weight of about 20,000 150,000 and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl-pyrrolidone wherein the ratio of VA/VP ranges between about 30 50:70 50 and having a molecular weight of about 10,000 150,000, said composition having a pH between 1.5 and 4.5.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said solvent is water.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said aqueous solution of a lower alkanol is a -70 percent by weight solution of an alkanol selected from the group consisting of ethanol and isopropanol.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrogen peroxide is present in amounts of 1.5-9 percent by 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said cosmetic percent by weight of said composition.

7. A stable composition of tinting, lightening and setting hair comprising a solution in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water and an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol of 1. hydrogen peroxide in amounts of l.5-9 percent by weight of said composition,

2. water-soluble 1:2 chromium complex of a monoazo dye in amounts of 0001-05 percent by weight of said composition and 3. a film-forming polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone and vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer having a VP/VA ratio of 70-:30-50, said film-forming polymer having a molecular weight of about l0,000l50,000 and being present in amounts of 0.5-6 percent by weight of said composition, said composition having a pH ranging between l.5-4.5.

8. The composition of claim 7 which also includes a member selected from the group consisting of phenacetin and acetanilide in an amount sufficient to stabilize said hydrogen peroxide.

9. A process for tinting lightening and setting hair comprising applying to said hair an effective amount of the composition of claim 7 and setting the hair on rollers.

Claims

1. A STABLE COMPOSITION FOR TINTING LIGHTENING AND SETTING HAIR COMPRISING IN A SOLVENT SELECTED FROM GROUP CONSISTING OF WATER AND AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A LOWER ALKANOL OF AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE TO LIGHTEN THE HAIR, AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF WATER SOLUBLE 1:2 CHROMIUM COMPLEX OF A MONO AZO DYE TO TINT THE HAIR AND AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF A COSMETIC FILM-FORMING POLYMER WHICH IS SOLUBLE IN SAID COMPOSITION TO,SET THE HAIR SAID COSMETIC FILM-FORMING POLYMER BEING SELESTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF ABOUT 20,000150.000 AND A COPOLYMER OF VONYL ACETATE AND VINYL-PYRROL-DONE WHEREIN THE RATIO OF VA/VP RANGES BETWEEN ABOUT 3050:70- 50 AND HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF ABOUT 10,000150,0008 SAID COMPOSITION HAVING A PH BETWEEN 1,5 AND 4.5.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said solvent is water.

2. water-soluble 1:2 chromium complex of a monoazo dye in amounts of 0.001-0.5 percent by weight of said composition and

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said aqueous solution of a lower alkanol is a 10-70 percent by weight solution of an alkanol selected from the group consisting of ethanol and isopropanol.

3. a film-forming polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone and vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer having a VP/VA ratio of 70-:30-50, said film-forming polymer having a molecular weight of about 10,000-150,000 and being present in amounts of 0.5-6 percent by weight of said composition, said composition having a pH ranging between 1.5-4.5.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrogen peroxide is present in amounts of 1.5-9 percent by weight of said composition.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein said water soluble 1 : 2 chromium complex of a mono azo dye is present in amounts of 0.001 - 0.5 percent by weight of said composition.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said cosmetic film-forming polymer is present in Amounts of 0.5-6 percent by weight of said composition.

7. A stable composition of tinting, lightening and setting hair comprising a solution in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water and an aqueous solution of a lower alkanol of