US847886A - Means for separating and eliminating smoke-suspended matter. - Google Patents

Description

No. 847,886. PATENTED MAR. 19, 1907.

S. BENSON. MEANS FOR SEPARATING AND ELIMINATING SMOKE SUSPENDED MATTER.

APPLIUATIONIILED FEB. 23, 1906.

v 2 SHEETS-SHEEN 1.

\Ya /J ll 7 o /J I gum/"top Witmiooea I PATENTED MAR. 19, 1907.

S. BENSON. MEANS FOR SEPARATING AND ELIMINATING SMOKE SUSPENDED MATTER.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB.23,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

vwawtoz WM mums 1% in eooeo tion, like numerals nois, have invented certain new and useful gases of combustion ucts of combustion in order that the'carbon terblend through a suitable draft-conduit to the furnae-e.

SAMUEL BENSON. OF

CHICAGO, lLLlINOlS.

MEANS FOR SEPARATING AND ELIMINA TING SMOKE-SUSPENDED MATTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Maren 19, 1907.

Application filed February 23, 1906. Serial No.'302,616.

.To all :ZUZl/ f'i'l'iI/ illJiI/fl/ y concern: I Be it known that' I, SAMUEL Bnxsox, a citizen of the, United States, residing at Chil cago, in'the county of Cookand State of Ilii l I Improvements inMeans for Separating and l Eliminating Smoke-Suspended Matter, of which the following is a specification." This ini' en'tion relates to new and useful improvements in'means for separating and eliminating smoke -.suspended matter from y and applies generally to locomotivesand other furnaces.

The invention is an improvement upon the construction shown and described in my 00- pending application for Letters Patent, filed August 17,1904, Serial No. 221,149,, and is for the inostpart based upon thesame broad principles-of construction and operation.

' The primary object of the present invention is to provide a construction in which centrifugal force is utilized to separate unconsumed carbon particles from the gases of combustion and in connection with which a condensing agent for the carbon particles is em loyed. I

- 1i further object of the invention is to provide means for thoroughly agitating the prodparticles may thoroughly.comingle and in- With the condensing agent and may be educed from the apparatus by suitable means provided therefor.

Means are further provided for se arating the'condensing'agent from the soli carbon particles and for reintroducing the latter The detailed construction will appear 11). the course of the following description, in which reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a artfof this specificaesignating like parts. throughout the several views, wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in accordance with-my invention and showing its application to a boiler and furnace of approved form, the boiler being illustrated in fragmentary longitudinal section. .Fig. 2 is a. side elevation somewhat similar to Fig. 1 butqon a reduced scale, and

coacts with said parts.

illustrating the employment in conjunction. with the apparatus of the present invention of an enlarged chimney and chimney conl nection of approved: f0rm.. Fig. 3 is a ver l meal transverse section of an apparatus con the gases of combustion in an axia'lly-whirl mg line of travel.

' fThe'invention is particularly designed. for use in connection with locomotiveand other portable boilers, and this adaptation thereof is advantageously illustrated in Fig. 1, iirwhich the letter designates a boiler which isprovided with a furnace B, (see Fig. 2,) a front portion a, a water-section b, and tubular 'flues 0, leading therethrough from the fur nace.

Disposed within the front portion .a of'the boiler A are the usual pet-ticoatpipes 1,2, and 3, with which the exhaust or blast pipe 4 from the furnace is designed. to register and communicate. Surrounding the pipe 1 is a saddle 5, which carries anannular base-plate 6, upon which the elements 011- stituting my. invention are mounted. The invention specifically comprises a cylinder 7, which formsa hood for the component parts. of the apparatus and which in The cylinder .7 has its ends overlying one another in spaced relation, whereby an eduction-passage 8 is af forded, which connnunicates with an auxiliary separatingcylinder 9 of volute crosssectional shape, which is secured to cylinder? by clips 10 or otherwise. Adjacent the pas; sage 8 the cylinder Tis provided with a narrow detachable blade 11, of hard metal, having a sharp edge at the lip of the passage 8,

and which serves as a means for deflecting .the solid carbon particles from the cylinder. '7

into the cylinder 9. The blade 11 may be in of the casing and to besecured thereto. A

cap-plate l2 constitutes a closure for the Kylthis endis conformable inders 7 and 9 and to to their combined cross-sectional shape. dependent plates may sures for said cylinders, ifso desired, but this is but an arbitrary departure. In like manner the annulus 6' serves as a closure for the lower ends of the cylinders 7 and 9. The capplate 12 is formed axially of the cylinder 7 with a tubular discharge extension 13 of approved form.

The above description relates to the elepractical use be employed as clo-- merits which form a housing, as it were, for the operating devices, and the connections of said elements are'clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and-2. the cylinder 7, as above set forth. in the cylinder 7 the solid particles are separated from the gases, which latter are discharged" through the extension 13.. The former are educed from the 'cyli'nder 9 through a branch pipe 14, communicating therewith and axially thereof and having connection b a union 15 with a draft return-conduit 16, which leads to the furnace. A drainage-pipe 17, through which the condensing agent 1s discharged upon the completion of its Work, depends from" the union 13 and is provided with a gravity flap-valve 18, operating in the wcll-lu own manner. The union 1 5 is formed with a free end 19, which communicates axially with the pipe 16, the end 19 being provided with a gate 20, of conventional form, by which access may be had to the pipe 16 for cleansing purposes. A strainer 21 for separating the solid carbon particles from the condensing agent is interposed at the junctiomof the pipes 16 and 17. I

Mountedwith the cylinder 7 are a plurality of elements for thoroughly comingling the carbon particles with the condensing. agent and for directing the gases of combustion in an axially-whirling line of travel, whereby the solid carbon particles may be thrown toward the annular wall of the cylinder 7 and may be deflected by the blade 11 into the cylinder 9. To this end aconical receiving-hood 22 is employed, which communicates at its enlarged lower end with the pipe 1. Thehood 22 is composed of a plurality of elements, a preferred embodiment of which is shown in detail inFig. 5,--four of such elements being employed in the construction shown. This numerical disclosure is purely arbitrary, as any preferred number of sections may be used. The hood 22 comprises a plurality of substantially S-shaped plates 23, which may be secured attheir lower ends by clips 24 to the ring 6 and which converge toward their upper ends and are closed by a deflecting-cap 25 ofinverted-cone 'shape. The plates 23 are comforinahle with one another and to this end severally comprise a body portion 26, an abruptly-curved end 27, and an elongated offset end 28, curved in airopposite direction to the end 27. In theassemblage of the plates 23 the hood 22 possesses the cross-sectional shape of a swastika cross,- the ends 27 of the lates 23 coacting with the ends 28 of the adacent plates to form tangentially-curved longitudinal discharge-passages 29, which a'l'lord communication between the hood ,22 and the interior of the cylinder 7. The passages 29 serve to initially direct the gases of combustion in a tangential spiral line of travel, and

The pipe 4 leads from the furnace to.

. l I i vertically-disposed deflecting-plates 30, ar

vertically arrangcd posts 31 and horizontallyprojecting studs 32 are provided. The secondary currents thus created materially aid in effecting a thorough connhgling of the unconsumed particles with the condensing agent. Disposed adjacent to each of the curved ends 27., ofthe plates 23 are arcuate screening-plates 33 secured to said arms 27 and having their free ends spaced a relatively short distance frpm the adjacent ends 28 of the plates 23' The plates 33 are of sheet metal or other desirable foraminous material.

The condensingmedium employed in the preferred embodiment of the invention is water, which may be admitted by a valvecontrolled pipe 34 through any suitable conductor, as 35, provided upon the base of the annulus 6 and in the construction shown as integral therewith. A plurality of vertically-disposed tubes 36 are closed at their upper ends and communicate at their lower endswith the conductor 35. The tubes 36 are disposed between the plates 33 and the "and adapted to discharge the condensing agent infi ne sprays within the cylinder 7.

In practical use the draft which is established between the furnace and the discharge-extension 13 will educe crude smoke from the furnace into the hood 22. The smoke thus induced into said hood egresses therefrom through the tangential passages 29, and the conformation of said passages imparts movement to the gases of combustion passing therethrough in a tangential spiral line of travel. A rapid whirling movement of the gases of combustion is thus effect ed,whercby the solid particles will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal force in a comparatively dense layer or sheet toward the inner periphery of the cylinder 7. When the solid particles reach the limit of their outermost rotation, they will be deflected or switched off by the blade 11 in a dense sheet tangentially into'the cylinder 9 and their whirling movement will be continued in said cylinder 9, but in a direction opposite to the directioncf their rotation in the cylinder 7. From the cylinder 9 "the solid particles will be cduced in a whirling jet and will be separated from the condensing agent and conducted through the pipe 16, aided by the suction of the draft, to the furnace B.

It is to be borne in mind that the solid car bon particles will possess an ailinity for the this action isfacilitated by the provision of 1 particles of the condensing agent sprayed into thecylinder 7 and in view of this fact it will be readily understood that the weight of said solid particles is increased, so that they will be the more eflectually thrown out wardly by centrifugal force exerted in the di-.

rection of the'tangential impulses imparted to said particles as they are discharged from the hood 22. The centrifugally-filtered gases of combustion will yield to the free draft and will be drawn through the screening-plates 33 in an axial whirlto their discharge by way of the chimney 13. This action will be facilitated also by the continuous inrush of crud smoke into the cylinder 7, whichexerts a contributory effect in the discharge of the gases of combustion by crowding the filtered smoke through the screens 33 (when employed) and into the space between said screens and the plates 23.

The carbon particles which are returned .to the furnacc'through the pipe 16 for the utilization of their fuel energy are separated from the excess of the condensing agent by the screen 21 and pipe 17 through which said condensing agent gravitates until the weight thereof is sufficient to raise the flap-,

valve 18.

In view of the many differing conditions of service and structure, the kind of fuel used, and other local factors influencing operative results in the valried forms of fuelconsuming apparatus to which my dev1ce applies it will be understood that corresponding degrees of modification will be necessary. For instance, in most cases no special device for the elimination of the water of condensed steam or the condensation and filtration of dense smoke will be required where such water is eliminated before reaching the-exhaust or blast pipe and where bituminous fuel is not used. Where any soft light fuel is usedsuch as wood, sawdust, shavings, straw, or

the like where sparks do not readily re- 7 as'reguired.

W 1th reference to Fig. 2 an adaptatlon of the invention to a stationary enlarged.

smoke-staek is illustrated; and, as shown, an elbow 41 has connection at one end with the extension 13 and forms a conductor between said extension and the cylinder 7 communicating therewith and the smoke-stack 42.

While the elements herein shown and described are well adapted to serve the functions set forth, it is obvious that various IIllIlOI' changes may be made in the proportions, shape, and arrangement. of the several 7 parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. i

While in the preferred embodiment of my invention I arrange my improved separating means in and above the smoke-box of the furnace, it is to be understood that said sep'aj rating means comprlsmg the casing, hood 22,

separating-chamber, and associated, parts may be provided with suitable end connections at the top, and bottom and arranged and secured in any suitable position along the draft-conduit between the combustionchamber and the terminal outlet of. the chimney.

Having fully described my inventiomil claim p 1. A device of the type set forth comprising the combination with a furnace, of a smoke-separating cylinder in communication therewith, means for imparting spiral rotation to the gases of combustionfrom said furnace, means'for separating the solid carbon particles from the ga'sesof combustion and for discharging said particles and said gases severally through independent outlets and means for introducing a condensing agent into said separating-chamber. v r

2. A device of the type set forth comprising the combination with a furnace, .of a

smoke-separating cylinder in communication therewith, means for imparting spiral rotation to the gases of combustion from said'fur 'nace, means for separating the solid particles from the gases of combustion and for discharging said particles andsaid gases severally through independent outlets and means for introducing a liquid-condensing agent in a fine sprayinto said separatingchamber.

3. A device' of the type set forth compris-.

ing the combination with afurnace, of'a smoke-separating cylinder in communication therewith, means for imparting spiral, rotation to the gases of combustion from said furnace, a pliirality of foraminous sheets dis-v posed within said chamber, means for separating the solid carbon particles from the gases of combustion and for' discharging said "particles and said gases severally through independent outlets, said sheets forming partitions between said outlets and serving as a filtering agent for the crude smoke.

4. A device of the type set forth comprising the combination with a furnace, of a smoke-separating cylinder communicating therewithtires draft-discharge conductor leading from said cylinder, an auxiliary cylinder par'allelto said first-named cylinder and communicating therewith by a longitudinal tangential passage and a longitudinal lo the furnace and serving as a passage for the l return of said solid particles thereto, a valvecontrolled branch pipe depending from said conduit, and a strainer interposed between said branch. pipe and said conduit.

February 1'9, 1906.

SAMUEL BENSON. Vitne'sses:

ROBERT Gnnnnr DEVINE, GEORGE ORLANDO MARTIN.

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