WO1981001385A1 - Self-tightening wrench - Google Patents

Self-tightening wrench Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1981001385A1
WO1981001385A1 PCT/DK1980/000074 DK8000074W WO8101385A1 WO 1981001385 A1 WO1981001385 A1 WO 1981001385A1 DK 8000074 W DK8000074 W DK 8000074W WO 8101385 A1 WO8101385 A1 WO 8101385A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jaw
involute
pipe
wrench
shank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK1980/000074
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
E Larsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE8080902284T priority Critical patent/DE3068462D1/en
Priority to AU65738/80A priority patent/AU6573880A/en
Priority to AT80902284T priority patent/ATE8218T1/en
Publication of WO1981001385A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981001385A1/en
Priority to DK322481A priority patent/DK322481A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/10—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws
    • B25B13/28—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws the jaws being pivotally movable
    • B25B13/32—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws the jaws being pivotally movable by cam, wedge or lever
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/50—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes
    • B25B13/5008—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects
    • B25B13/5016—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe
    • B25B13/5025—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool
    • B25B13/5041—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool with movable or adjustable jaws
    • B25B13/505—Pivotally moving or adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pipe wrench .
  • Self-tightening tongs and wrenches consisting of two linked parts , one of which has a shank and handle , have been known for many years .
  • these wrenches are designed so that the shank part has a jaw which - when viewed from the side - is limited by a circle or a curve with a variable curvature , while the jaw face of the other part can be plane or consist of pl anes forming angles to each other ; for example , so that the jaw fits hexagon nuts .
  • Wrenches most often bear the stamp of the curved jaw limit of the shank part being a compromise which does not hold equally well on to all nut sizes or pipe diameters within the ranges accomodated by the wrenches .
  • the curvature of some wrenches has been designed by determination of a few usable points through which the curves have been drawn .
  • the pipe wrench according to the invention is characterized in that the centre in the shank part for the relative rotation of the parts is also the centre of a circle , the involute of which forms the exact limit of the jaw of the shank part .
  • a study of line 1 of the side view ( a delineation of a plane at right angles to the axis of rotation ) , which line is normal to the jaw face of the other loose jaw part or is an angle bisector relative to two of the jaw faces of the part, shows that because of the involute all the pipes of the diameters accomodated by the wrench contact the involute exactly where it is intersected by line 1 when the centre of rotation of the loose jaw part is at a distance from 1 which is radius of the circle belonging to the involute .
  • the point of contact can be moved a small distance ⁇ r tangentially in the direction of rotation by the centre of rotation of the loose jaw part being moved the distance ⁇ r closer to 1 when 1 is angle bisector relative to two jaw faces forming an angle of 60° to each other in the loose jaw part .
  • the wrenc h works in the way that pipes or parts inserted between its jaws are firmly fixed between these when the handle is pulled , and they are at the same time actuated by a moment.
  • the normal force K between pipe and jaw is determined by the moment of the shank and the moment arm r which is the same for all pipe diameters as a result of the inv olute design .
  • the loose jaw shall be V-shaped with 60° between the sides to which 1 is the angle bisector since the actuated pipe will then receive the normal force K at three points at 120° intervals which partly reduces the risk of flattening and partly permits transmission of a moment which is 50 p . c . higher as compared to a design where the normal force K acts at two points on the pipe at intervals of 180° .
  • the wrench will also be suitable for hexagonal parts , and as mentioned in the foregoing the point of contact and hence the line of application of the force K can be moved a distance ⁇ r tangentially in the direction of rotation which , when ⁇ r is small , does not change the fact to any considerable degree that parts are actuated at three points at 120° intervals since, in actual practice , these "points" are faces of a size of a few millimetres .
  • the wrench can be provided with adjustment facilities since a possible shifting in the direction of line 1 on the loose jaw of its axis of rotation will extend the diameter range covered by the wrench .
  • FIG. 1 shows the wrench seen from one side and gripping a heavy pipe
  • Fig. 2 shows the wrench seen from one side and gripping a thin pipe
  • Fig. 3 shows the wrench in perspective.
  • the wrench consists of a shank with an involute, possibly a toothed, jaw a and a loose jaw b pivotally connected hereto.
  • Fig. 1 shows the radius r of the circle c belonging to the involute as well as r, 1, and K mentioned in the foregoing.
  • Fig. 4 shows a design where the concave side of the involute is utilized as a jaw curve for the shank.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Shearing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A pipe wrench/ wrench consisting of a shank with an involute jaw and a loose jaw pivotally connected hereto which can be plane or consist of planes forming angles to each other. The jaws can be toothed. The centre of the circle belonging to the involute lies on or close to the axis of rotation. During the relative rotation of the jaws, the point of the involute (relative to the loose jaw) which touches pipes of a diameter corresponding to the jaw gap will always lie on the same straight or almost straight line as intersects the involute at right angles, and it is possible to use either the concave or the convex side of the involute as jaw face. Pipes which are actuated will, at intervals of approx. 120 , receive a chiefly radially directed normal force K which is proportional to the moment actuating the pipe, irrespective of the pipe diameter.

Description

S elf- tightening wxench
The invention relates to a pipe wrench .
Self-tightening tongs and wrenches consisting of two linked parts , one of which has a shank and handle , have been known for many years . Most frequently, these wrenches are designed so that the shank part has a jaw which - when viewed from the side - is limited by a circle or a curve with a variable curvature , while the jaw face of the other part can be plane or consist of pl anes forming angles to each other ; for example , so that the jaw fits hexagon nuts . Wrenches most often bear the stamp of the curved jaw limit of the shank part being a compromise which does not hold equally well on to all nut sizes or pipe diameters within the ranges accomodated by the wrenches . The curvature of some wrenches has been designed by determination of a few usable points through which the curves have been drawn .
The pipe wrench according to the invention is characterized in that the centre in the shank part for the relative rotation of the parts is also the centre of a circle , the involute of which forms the exact limit of the jaw of the shank part . A study of line 1 of the side view ( a delineation of a plane at right angles to the axis of rotation ) , which line is normal to the jaw face of the other loose jaw part or is an angle bisector relative to two of the jaw faces of the part, shows that because of the involute all the pipes of the diameters accomodated by the wrench contact the involute exactly where it is intersected by line 1 when the centre of rotation of the loose jaw part is at a distance from 1 which is radius of the circle belonging to the involute .
In order to allow for hexagonal parts , the point of contact can be moved a small distance Δ r tangentially in the direction of rotation by the centre of rotation of the loose jaw part being moved the distance Δ r closer to 1 when 1 is angle bisector relative to two jaw faces forming an angle of 60° to each other in the loose jaw part . The wrenc h works in the way that pipes or parts inserted between its jaws are firmly fixed between these when the handle is pulled , and they are at the same time actuated by a moment. The normal force K between pipe and jaw is determined by the moment of the shank and the moment arm r which is the same for all pipe diameters as a result of the inv olute design .
The effect is that no matter the diameter of the pipe actuated there will always be a proportionality between the moment acting on the pipe and the normal force . Since the force K between the involute jaw and the pipe relative to the loose jaw will always act along the same line 1, or a line parallel with 1 , it. is most expedient that the loose jaw shall be V-shaped with 60° between the sides to which 1 is the angle bisector since the actuated pipe will then receive the normal force K at three points at 120° intervals which partly reduces the risk of flattening and partly permits transmission of a moment which is 50 p . c . higher as compared to a design where the normal force K acts at two points on the pipe at intervals of 180° . Because of this 60° V-shaped loose jaw the wrench will also be suitable for hexagonal parts , and as mentioned in the foregoing the point of contact and hence the line of application of the force K can be moved a distance Δr tangentially in the direction of rotation which , when Δ r is small , does not change the fact to any considerable degree that parts are actuated at three points at 120° intervals since, in actual practice , these "points" are faces of a size of a few millimetres .
According to known principles , the wrench can be provided with adjustment facilities since a possible shifting in the direction of line 1 on the loose jaw of its axis of rotation will extend the diameter range covered by the wrench .
The drawing shows a wrench according to the invention since Fig . 1 shows the wrench seen from one side and gripping a heavy pipe , and Fig. 2 shows the wrench seen from one side and gripping a thin pipe, and Fig. 3 shows the wrench in perspective.
The wrench consists of a shank with an involute, possibly a toothed, jaw a and a loose jaw b pivotally connected hereto. Fig. 1 shows the radius r of the circle c belonging to the involute as well as r, 1, and K mentioned in the foregoing.
Fig. 4 shows a design where the concave side of the involute is utilized as a jaw curve for the shank.

Claims

C L A I M S
A pipe wrench/wrench consisting of a shank with a curved jaw and a jaw pivotally connected to the shank, characterized in that the curved jaw of the shank has the shape of an involute , possibly with teeth, the centre of the circle belonging to this involute lying on or close to the axis of rotation of the pivotally connected jaw, the active face of this jaw being plane oir V-shaped and facing the side of the involute utilized as jaw on the shank which can be either the concave or the convex side of the involute.
PCT/DK1980/000074 1979-11-20 1980-11-20 Self-tightening wrench Ceased WO1981001385A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8080902284T DE3068462D1 (en) 1979-11-20 1980-11-20 Pipe wrench
AU65738/80A AU6573880A (en) 1979-11-20 1980-11-20 Self-tightening wrench
AT80902284T ATE8218T1 (en) 1979-11-20 1980-11-20 PIPE WRENCH.
DK322481A DK322481A (en) 1979-11-20 1981-07-20 CANE TANG

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK493079 1979-11-20
DK4930/79 1979-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981001385A1 true WO1981001385A1 (en) 1981-05-28

Family

ID=8137949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1980/000074 Ceased WO1981001385A1 (en) 1979-11-20 1980-11-20 Self-tightening wrench

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0040231B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56501639A (en)
DE (1) DE3068462D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1981001385A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989009115A1 (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-10-05 Nielsen Axel Groenlund Tongs
WO1989009116A1 (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-10-05 Nielsen Axel Groenlund Self-locking tongs and a method of producing self-locking tongs intended for round and hexagonal material
EP0534592A1 (en) * 1991-08-26 1993-03-31 Young Sik Woo Pipe wrenches
WO2004078417A1 (en) * 2003-03-02 2004-09-16 Lee Denis Stewart Wrench improvment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE173725C (en) *
US600494A (en) * 1898-03-08 Pipe-wrench
GB190413621A (en) * 1904-06-16 1904-07-21 Joseph Levy Improvements in Ratchet Pipe-Wrenches.
GB201784A (en) * 1922-08-23 1923-08-09 Ernest Edward Cullen Improvements in or relating to pipe wrenches
CH155546A (en) * 1931-08-22 1932-06-30 Schlichtherle Rietmann Joseph Pipe wrench.
GB684240A (en) * 1949-10-18 1952-12-17 John Henry Edgar Davis Improvements in wrenches

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191401874A (en) * 1914-01-23 1914-06-11 Jean-Jacques-Marie-Marce Bales Egg Chocolate.
GB191501863A (en) * 1915-02-05 1916-02-07 Martin Thomas Taylor Improvements in connection with Rock Drills and the like.
GB191501904A (en) * 1915-02-06 1915-12-30 Thomas Richardson An Adaptable Fire Front to Replace Bars of Register Grates and the like.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE173725C (en) *
US600494A (en) * 1898-03-08 Pipe-wrench
GB190413621A (en) * 1904-06-16 1904-07-21 Joseph Levy Improvements in Ratchet Pipe-Wrenches.
GB201784A (en) * 1922-08-23 1923-08-09 Ernest Edward Cullen Improvements in or relating to pipe wrenches
CH155546A (en) * 1931-08-22 1932-06-30 Schlichtherle Rietmann Joseph Pipe wrench.
GB684240A (en) * 1949-10-18 1952-12-17 John Henry Edgar Davis Improvements in wrenches

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989009115A1 (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-10-05 Nielsen Axel Groenlund Tongs
WO1989009116A1 (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-10-05 Nielsen Axel Groenlund Self-locking tongs and a method of producing self-locking tongs intended for round and hexagonal material
EP0534592A1 (en) * 1991-08-26 1993-03-31 Young Sik Woo Pipe wrenches
WO2004078417A1 (en) * 2003-03-02 2004-09-16 Lee Denis Stewart Wrench improvment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0040231B1 (en) 1984-07-04
DE3068462D1 (en) 1984-08-09
JPS56501639A (en) 1981-11-12
EP0040231A1 (en) 1981-11-25

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