WO1990007338A1 - Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants - Google Patents
Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1990007338A1 WO1990007338A1 PCT/DK1988/000220 DK8800220W WO9007338A1 WO 1990007338 A1 WO1990007338 A1 WO 1990007338A1 DK 8800220 W DK8800220 W DK 8800220W WO 9007338 A1 WO9007338 A1 WO 9007338A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- cacl
- cas0
- calcium chloride
- hypocalcemia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/14—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a calcium containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants.
- capsules containing a powdery calcium compound such as calcium acetochloride.
- a powdery calcium compound such as calcium acetochloride.
- the calcium content of such capsules is relatively low and consequently a considerable number of capsules (e.g. 16) should be administered to the sick animal at two hours' intervals thus rendering the preparation unsuitable for practical use.
- a solid and easily doseable preparation having a high calcium content may be produced from an aqueous mixture of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and calcium sulphate (CaS0 4 ).
- the preparation according to the invention is characterized in that it has been produced by solidification of a mixture of CaCl 2 ,xH 2 0 and CaS0.,yH 2 0, wherein x is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 6 and y is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 2, and water, the weight ratio of CaCl 2 ,xH 2 0 to CaS0 4 , H 2 0 being from 1:0.05 to 1:2.4 and preferably from 1:0.11 to 1:2.4 and the water content being sufficiently high for making the mixture pumpable but constituting no more than the amount required to convert any CaCl 2 ,xH 2 0 present into CaCl 2 ,6H 2 0 and CaS0 4 ,yH 2 0 into CaS0 4 ,2H 2 0.
- pumpable denotes that at a temperature of 40 ⁇ C the mixture is capable of flowing through a funnel having a neck-diameter of 10 mm.
- a mixture as described above has a typical viscosity like that of double cream.
- the mixture may readily be enclosed in capsules, e.g. gelatine capsules. After a while, typically 1-2 hours, the mixture solidifies and a solid substance is produced.
- the production of the above mixture is preferably carried out by admixing the calcium chloride and the calcium sulphate in their dry state to form a homogeneous mixture. Water is then added and mixing is continued until a pumpable mass is produced. This mass is preferably encapsulated in gelatine capsules in an amount of e.g. 80-100 g per capsule. The filled gelatine capsules are allowed to stand at a suitable temperature, e.g. at room temperature, for a sufficient period for the mixture to solidify. The solidification is a result of the bonding of the water in the form of crystal water.
- the mixture may be cast to form suitable dosage units. It may also be cast in the form of a coherent mass which may then be disintegrated and ground to form a powder for therapeutic use or for pelleting.
- the preparation according to the invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of milk fever but it is also suitable for the treatment of hypocalcemia in other ruminants, e.g. sheep.
- Calcium containing gelatine capsules were produced as follows from solid CaCl 2 ,2H 2 0 and CaSO ⁇ HgO:
- the solids were mixed in the amounts given in Table 1 below in a Bj ⁇ rn mixer. Water was added to the mixture and mixing was continued for another 10-20 minutes until the mixture was homogeneous and easy-flowing. The mass thus obtained was then enclosed in gelatine capsules and the filled capsules were allowed to stand for 24 hours at room temperature in an airtight compartment.
- the surprising effect may be illustrated by comparative tests using (1) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaCl 2 ,2H 2 0, 50 parts by weight of CaS0 4 , ⁇ H 2 0 and 15 parts by weight of water, (2) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaCl 2 ,2H 2 0 and 15 parts by weight of water and (3) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaS0 4 , ⁇ H 2 0 and 15 parts by weight of water.
- mixture (1) provides the desired compatibility with gelatine capsules and a satisfactory pumpability and solidification time
- mixture (2) forms a paste of crystals which is unpumpable and solidifies too quickly and which is also incompatible with gelatine capsules
- mixture (3) forms a mass with is neither pumpable nor castable.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants which preparation has been produced by solidification of a mixture of CaCl2, 2H2 and CaSO4, 1/2H2O, and water, where the weight ratio of CaCl2, 2H2O to CaSO4, 1/2H2O is from 1:0.05 to 1:2.4 and the water content is sufficiently high for making the mixture pumpable but constituting no more than the amount required to convert any CaCl2, 2H2O present into CaCl2, 6H2O and CaSO4, 1/2H2O into CaSO4, 2H2O.
Description
Calcium chloride containing preparation "for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants
The present invention relates to a calcium containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants.
During the period pending calving when the cow's milk production has normally stopped completely its calcium mobilisation has also stopped.
Calving sets off a high milk production and consequently a considerable need for calcium arises. In order to compensate for this sudden need the body tries to provide calcium from the blood thus causing the calcium ion content of the blood to decrease drastically. This causes the cow to lose control of its muscles, to lie down and become increasingly apathetic. Unless treated the cow goes into a coma and dies. The condition thus occurred is referred to as milk fever. Older cows are particularly prone to milk fever.
It is known to treat milk fever by oral administration to the sick animal of an aqueous calcium chloride solution. The dosage is typically 400 ml solution corresponding to a total amount of about 500 g and this dosage is typically administered at 12 hours' intervals. Aqueous calcium chloride solutions are very unpleasantly tasting and therefore the sick animal must be force-treated. This may cause the calcium chloride solution to enter the lungs which may be fatal to the animal .
In normal practise the calcium chloride solution is replaced with a calcium chloride containing gel to prevent the therapeutic preparation from entering the lungs. This course of action is only followed for lack of a better one since the use of a gel poses dosage problems due to the difficulties associated with the discharge of the gel from the container in which it is packed. The use of a gel does not eliminate the taste problem either.
Attempts have also been made to treat animals suffering from milk fever with capsules containing a powdery calcium compound, such as calcium acetochloride. However, the calcium content of such capsules
is relatively low and consequently a considerable number of capsules (e.g. 16) should be administered to the sick animal at two hours' intervals thus rendering the preparation unsuitable for practical use.
Surprisingly it has now been found that a solid and easily doseable preparation having a high calcium content may be produced from an aqueous mixture of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium sulphate (CaS04).
Thus the preparation according to the invention is characterized in that it has been produced by solidification of a mixture of CaCl2,xH20 and CaS0.,yH20, wherein x is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 6 and y is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 2, and water, the weight ratio of CaCl2,xH20 to CaS04, H20 being from 1:0.05 to 1:2.4 and preferably from 1:0.11 to 1:2.4 and the water content being sufficiently high for making the mixture pumpable but constituting no more than the amount required to convert any CaCl2,xH20 present into CaCl2,6H20 and CaS04,yH20 into CaS04,2H20.
The term "pumpable" denotes that at a temperature of 40βC the mixture is capable of flowing through a funnel having a neck-diameter of 10 mm.
Immediately upon manufacture a mixture as described above has a typical viscosity like that of double cream. In this state the mixture may readily be enclosed in capsules, e.g. gelatine capsules. After a while, typically 1-2 hours, the mixture solidifies and a solid substance is produced.
The use of the above mixture for the production of calcium containing gelatine capsules provides the particular advantage that the gelatine is not attacked by the mixture and that a substantially larger amount of Ca (in the form of Ca++) may be added to the capsules as compared to the known capsules described above.
The production of the above mixture is preferably carried out by admixing the calcium chloride and the calcium sulphate in their dry
state to form a homogeneous mixture. Water is then added and mixing is continued until a pumpable mass is produced. This mass is preferably encapsulated in gelatine capsules in an amount of e.g. 80-100 g per capsule. The filled gelatine capsules are allowed to stand at a suitable temperature, e.g. at room temperature, for a sufficient period for the mixture to solidify. The solidification is a result of the bonding of the water in the form of crystal water.
Instead of being encapsulated in gelatine capsules the mixture may be cast to form suitable dosage units. It may also be cast in the form of a coherent mass which may then be disintegrated and ground to form a powder for therapeutic use or for pelleting.
The preparation according to the invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of milk fever but it is also suitable for the treatment of hypocalcemia in other ruminants, e.g. sheep.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following example.
Example
Calcium containing gelatine capsules were produced as follows from solid CaCl2,2H20 and CaSO^HgO:
The solids were mixed in the amounts given in Table 1 below in a Bjδrn mixer. Water was added to the mixture and mixing was continued for another 10-20 minutes until the mixture was homogeneous and easy-flowing. The mass thus obtained was then enclosed in gelatine capsules and the filled capsules were allowed to stand for 24 hours at room temperature in an airtight compartment.
The capsules were then packed in an airtight package.
CaCl2,2H20 CaS04 H20
Testing of the capsules produced yielded the results given in Table 2.
Table 2
As will appear from Table 2 only tests b-h employing the
preparations according to the invention yields satisfactory results as regards both solidification time, compatibility with the gelatine capsule and the Ca content of the capsules.
The above results show the surprising synergistic effect of the simultaneous use of calcium chloride and calcium sulphate in admixture with water both as regards the compatibility of the mixture with gelatine capsules, pumpability and solidification time.
The surprising effect may be illustrated by comparative tests using (1) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaCl2,2H20, 50 parts by weight of CaS04,^H20 and 15 parts by weight of water, (2) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaCl2,2H20 and 15 parts by weight of water and (3) a mixture of 50 parts by weight of CaS04,^H20 and 15 parts by weight of water.
Whereas mixture (1) provides the desired compatibility with gelatine capsules and a satisfactory pumpability and solidification time mixture (2) forms a paste of crystals which is unpumpable and solidifies too quickly and which is also incompatible with gelatine capsules, and mixture (3) forms a mass with is neither pumpable nor castable.
Claims
1. A calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants and, c h a r a c t e r - i z e d in that it has been produced by solidification of a mixture of CaCl2,xH20 and CaS04,yH20, wherein x is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 6 and y is a number equal to or higher than 0 but lower than or equal to 2, and water, the weight ratio of CaCl2,xH20 to CaS04,yH20 being from 1:0.05 to 1:2.4 and the water content being sufficiently high for making the mixture pumpable but constituting no more than the amount required to convert any CaCl2,xH20 present into CaCl2,6H20 and CaS04,yH20 into CaS04,2H20.
2. A preparation according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it has been produced by solidification of a mixture of CaCl2,2H20, CaS04,JjH20 and water.
3. A preparation according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r - i z e d in that the weight ratio of CaCl^xH-O to CaS04,yH20 is from 1:0.11 to 1:2.4.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89901098A EP0449810B1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
| AU29184/89A AU630597B2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
| DE8989901098T DE3879966T2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | PREPARATION OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF HYPOCALCAEMIA IN RETURNS. |
| AT89901098T ATE87483T1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | PREPARATION CONTAINING CALCIUM CHLORIDE IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF HYPOCALCAEMIA IN RUMINANTS. |
| PCT/DK1988/000220 WO1990007338A1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
| DK120591A DK169860B1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1991-06-20 | Calcium chloride-containing agent for preventing or treating hypocalcaemia in ruminants |
| US08/025,898 US5395622A (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1993-02-25 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1988/000220 WO1990007338A1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1990007338A1 true WO1990007338A1 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
Family
ID=8153497
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1988/000220 Ceased WO1990007338A1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0449810B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE87483T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU630597B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3879966T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK169860B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990007338A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5395622A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1995-03-07 | Boehringer Ingelheim Agrovet A/S | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
| US9393196B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2016-07-19 | Richard Brinch Hansen | Preparation for preventing or treating calcium deficiency conditions in mammals |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE365554C (en) * | 1920-12-29 | 1923-03-16 | Calcion Ges M B H | Process for the production of an air-stable chlorinated calcium double salt |
| US3996351A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1976-12-07 | Klaus Bauer | Process for orally increasing the blood calcium level of animals |
| US4346077A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1982-08-24 | Agway, Inc. | Method for reducing incidence of periparturient disorders in cows |
-
1988
- 1988-12-23 EP EP89901098A patent/EP0449810B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-23 WO PCT/DK1988/000220 patent/WO1990007338A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-12-23 AT AT89901098T patent/ATE87483T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-23 DE DE8989901098T patent/DE3879966T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-23 AU AU29184/89A patent/AU630597B2/en not_active Expired
-
1991
- 1991-06-20 DK DK120591A patent/DK169860B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE365554C (en) * | 1920-12-29 | 1923-03-16 | Calcion Ges M B H | Process for the production of an air-stable chlorinated calcium double salt |
| US3996351A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1976-12-07 | Klaus Bauer | Process for orally increasing the blood calcium level of animals |
| US4346077A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1982-08-24 | Agway, Inc. | Method for reducing incidence of periparturient disorders in cows |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15 Ed., published 1975, by Mack Publishing Company (Easton, Pennsylvania), see page 1258 (Calcium Sulfate NF). * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 104 (1986), Abstract No. 219148d, Kpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 61 36, 222 (86 36, 222). * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 34 (1940), Abstract No. 3875, Rev. farm. (Buenos Aires) 81, 15-22, 40-54 (1939). * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 57 (1962), Abstract No. 5560a, Izv. Estestv.-Nauchn Inst. pri Permsk. Univ. 14, No. 4, 67-76 (1960). * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5395622A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1995-03-07 | Boehringer Ingelheim Agrovet A/S | Calcium chloride containing preparation for the prevention or the treatment of hypocalcemia in ruminants |
| US9393196B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2016-07-19 | Richard Brinch Hansen | Preparation for preventing or treating calcium deficiency conditions in mammals |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2918489A (en) | 1990-08-01 |
| DE3879966T2 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
| EP0449810B1 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| DE3879966D1 (en) | 1993-05-06 |
| ATE87483T1 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
| EP0449810A1 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
| DK120591D0 (en) | 1991-06-20 |
| AU630597B2 (en) | 1992-11-05 |
| DK169860B1 (en) | 1995-03-20 |
| DK120591A (en) | 1991-06-20 |
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