WO1993022603A1 - A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts - Google Patents
A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993022603A1 WO1993022603A1 PCT/NL1993/000089 NL9300089W WO9322603A1 WO 1993022603 A1 WO1993022603 A1 WO 1993022603A1 NL 9300089 W NL9300089 W NL 9300089W WO 9322603 A1 WO9322603 A1 WO 9322603A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- duct
- disinfectant
- flow
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
- F24F8/24—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/30—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ionisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- a good air disinfection is especially important when a substantial part of the air introduced into the closed space is recycled, as, for instance, in aeroplanes.
- Eliminating germs by means of poisonous substances is not allowed in most countries, if these substances can reach the space in which persons are present.
- the invention provides a method for the above-mentioned purpose, which does not have these objections, which method is defined in claims 1..5.
- the non-poisonous disinfectant kills fungi, algae and similar organisms, and is active not only in the air flow itself, but, by precipitation thereof on the walls of the duct, also in a prolonged way on the germs precipitating thereon which may return again in the airflow later, so that also these germs can be effectively suppressed.
- the air is ionised, not only microbes and viruses will be effectively suppressed, but also the vapourised disinfectant particles will be charged, so that they will deposit faster on the duct walls.
- the air flowing through the duct is to be moistened, preferably the same disinfectant is added to the water used therefor, in order to counteract thereby the introduction of harmful germs into the duct.
- the system shown in the drawing comprises a part of an air ventilation duct 1, the air flow flowing therein being indicated by arrows 2.
- a flow sensor 3 In the duct 1, as seen in the flow sense, are consecutively arranged a flow sensor 3, an assembly 4 of particularly needle-shaped air ionisation electrodes, an assembly 5 of disinfectant vaporisers, and an ozone sensor 6.
- the flow sensor 3 is adapted to disconnect the pump 10, and, if required, also the electrodes 4, if the air flow 2 decreases below a given threshold value, and it is also possible to adapt the operation of the pump 10 to the air flow rate.
- the ozone sensor 6 is adapted to lower the voltage at the electrodes 4 if an ozone content threshold is exceeded. This voltage should, generally, be lower than 10 kV. In this manner >10 12 ions/s can be produced at a current intensity of some ⁇ A.
- the disinfectant should comply with the most severe requirements imposed by public health services. Therefore it definitely should not contain mercury, formaldehyde, phenol or the like, and, because of fire hazard, in particular in the case of ionisation, the use of alcohol is not allowed either.
- the disinfectant used according to the invention is a quaternary ammonium compound, commercially available under the name "Duner 2000", and being approved by the Swiss inspection service as being non-poisonous ("Gifttre” BAG T 73512 DC).
- This disinfectant consists of a quaternary ammonium complex, in particular a benzyl ammonium chloride, such as n-octyldimethyl, 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl phenoxy ethyldimethyl or 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl-o-ethoxydimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
- a benzyl ammonium chloride such as n-octyldimethyl, 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl phenoxy ethyldimethyl or 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl-o-ethoxydimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
- the invention is, however, not restricted to these examples.
- This disinfectant is sold in concentrated form (16 % active substance), and the concentrate will, for example, be added to the water in the reservoir 11 in a ratio of 1:100.
- Preferably demineralised water is used therefor.
- water can be vaporised in a suitable point of the duct 1 and under control of the control apparatus 8, and, as a matter of fact, a humidity sensor can be used then.
- a humidity sensor can be used then.
- the same disinfectant is added to the water used therefor so as to counteract the introduction of fungi, algae and the like.
- the system can, for instance, comprise a microprocessor, and can be connected to remote indicating and/or adjusting means allowing remote control or measurement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
A method for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts, on which a non-poisonous and substantially non-volatile disinfectant, in particular a quaternary ammonium complex, is vaporised as an aerosol by means of micro vaporisers into the air flow in the duct, and is allowed to precipitate on the walls of the duct, and in which, furthermore, the air in the duct can be ionised without substantial ozone production, as well as a system for executing this method, comprising an air duct portion (1) with means for disinfecting the air flow (2) therein, comprising an assembly of vaporising nozzles (5) connected, by means of a metering pump (10), to a reservoir (11) for dissolved disinfectant, and a flow meter (3) for controlling the metering pump (10), and, moreover, ionisation electrodes (4) can be provided in the duct (1) which are connected to a high-voltage source, and, at some distance down-flow of these electrodes (4) an ozone sensor (6) is arranged which is connected to control means (8) adapted to control the high-voltage source.
Description
A method and a system for disinfecting air in air
conditioning ducts.
When, in closed spaces, air is supplied by means of air supply and/or conditioning ducts, it is to be avoided that irritating or harmful germs, in particular fungi, algae, microbes, viruses and the like, will be introduced into the space since they can harm the health or at least the comfort of persons present therein.
An objection of air filters is that they will generally procure an incomplete removal of such germs, so that the germs let through can develop further, and, when improving the filtering efficiency, the pressure drop over such filters will increase accordingly. In the case of moist and warm air very favourable conditions for the growth of such germs can occur.
A good air disinfection is especially important when a substantial part of the air introduced into the closed space is recycled, as, for instance, in aeroplanes.
Eliminating germs by means of poisonous substances is not allowed in most countries, if these substances can reach the space in which persons are present.
The invention provides a method for the above-mentioned purpose, which does not have these objections, which method is defined in claims 1..5.
The non-poisonous disinfectant kills fungi, algae and similar organisms, and is active not only in the air flow itself, but, by precipitation thereof on the walls of the duct, also in a prolonged way on the germs precipitating thereon which may return again in the airflow later, so that also these germs can be effectively suppressed. When, moreover, the air is ionised, not only microbes and viruses will be effectively suppressed, but also the vapourised disinfectant particles will be charged, so that they will deposit faster on the duct walls. When the air flowing through the duct is to be moistened, preferably the same disinfectant is added to the water used therefor, in order
to counteract thereby the introduction of harmful germs into the duct.
The system for executing this method is defined in claims 6 and 7.
The invention will be elucidated below in more detail by reference to a diagrammatic drawing of a non-limiting embodiment of a system according to the invention.
The system shown in the drawing comprises a part of an air ventilation duct 1, the air flow flowing therein being indicated by arrows 2.
In the duct 1, as seen in the flow sense, are consecutively arranged a flow sensor 3, an assembly 4 of particularly needle-shaped air ionisation electrodes, an assembly 5 of disinfectant vaporisers, and an ozone sensor 6.
These elements are connected, by means of electric leads 7, with a control apparatus 8 which also comprises a high-voltage source for the electrodes 4, the vaporisers 5 being connected, by means of a tube 9, with a pump 10 which can pump the disinfectant dissolved in water from a reservoir 11.
The flow sensor 3 is adapted to disconnect the pump 10, and, if required, also the electrodes 4, if the air flow 2 decreases below a given threshold value, and it is also possible to adapt the operation of the pump 10 to the air flow rate. The ozone sensor 6 is adapted to lower the voltage at the electrodes 4 if an ozone content threshold is exceeded. This voltage should, generally, be lower than 10 kV. In this manner >10 12 ions/s can be produced at a current intensity of some μA.
The air ionisation, in particular when producing negative ions, will cause microbes, viruses and similar micro-organisms present in -the air flow to be annihilated. A very important effect of this ionisation is, furthermore, that the disinfectant particles are being charged too. Thereby these particles will be driven towards the duct walls, which, as indicated at 12, are grounded, so that these particles will deposit on the walls, If, now, fungi, algae or the like also deposit on the walls, they will be killed, or at least their growth will be inhibited, by the continued
contact with the disinfectant in such a degree that no dangerous growth thereof will occur.
Since the air flow in the duct 1 will, eventually, reach the working or living space, the disinfectant should comply with the most severe requirements imposed by public health services. Therefore it definitely should not contain mercury, formaldehyde, phenol or the like, and, because of fire hazard, in particular in the case of ionisation, the use of alcohol is not allowed either.
The disinfectant used according to the invention is a quaternary ammonium compound, commercially available under the name "Dessair 2000", and being approved by the Swiss inspection service as being non-poisonous ("Giftklasse Frei" BAG T 73512 DC).
This disinfectant consists of a quaternary ammonium complex, in particular a benzyl ammonium chloride, such as n-octyldimethyl, 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl phenoxy ethyldimethyl or 1,1,3,3-tetrabutyl-o-ethoxydimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. The invention is, however, not restricted to these examples.
This disinfectant is sold in concentrated form (16 % active substance), and the concentrate will, for example, be added to the water in the reservoir 11 in a ratio of 1:100. Preferably demineralised water is used therefor.
The mist particles formed by the vaporisers 5 having, for example, a mean size of about 50 μm, precipitate on the walls of the duct, in particular because they obtain a charge by the ionisation of the air, causing them to be attracted towards the duct walls, and then the water can evaporate for the greater part. Some decomposition may take place, which, however, will not lead to noxious products. This disinfectant is, moreover, active against (in particular disagreeable) smells.
When air moistening is required, water can be vaporised in a suitable point of the duct 1 and under control of the control apparatus 8, and, as a matter of fact, a humidity sensor can be used then. Preferably the same disinfectant is added to the water used therefor so as to counteract the introduction of fungi, algae and the like.
The system can, for instance, comprise a microprocessor, and can be connected to remote indicating and/or adjusting means allowing remote control or measurement.
Claims
1. A method for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts, characterised in that a non-poisonous and substantially non-volatile disinfectant in water is vaporised as an aerosol by means of micro-vaporisers into the air flow in the duct, and is allowed to precipitate on the walls of the duct.
2. The method of claim 1, characterised in that the disinfectant is a quaternary ammonium complex, in particular a benzyl ammonium chloride.
3. The method of claim 2, characterised in that the disinfectant is dissolved in an amount of about 0,16 % in water, an amount of about 0,06..0,08 ml/m3 being vaporised in the air at an over-pressure of about 0,35 MPa at an average vapour particle size of about 50 μm.
4. The method of any one of claims 1..3, characterised in that the air in the duct is ionised without a substantial ozone production.
5. The method of any one of claims 1..4, characterised in that the disinfectant is added to water to be used for air moistening.
6. A system for executing the method of any one of claims 1..5, comprising an air duct portion (l.) with means for disinfecting the air flow (2) therein, characterised by an assembly of vaporising nozzles (5) connected, by means of a metering pump (10), to a reservoir (11) for dissolved disinfectant, and by a flow meter (3) connected with a control means (8) and adapted to disconnect the metering pump (10) by means of the control means (8) as soon as the air flow (2) decreases below a given boundary value, and, if required, to regulate the operation of the metering pump (10) in function of the air flow (2).
7. The system of claim 6 , characterised in that, in the duct (1), are provided particularly needle-shaped ionisation electrodes (4) adapted to ionise the air (2) flowing through the duct (1), which electrodes (4) are connected to a high- voltage source, and in that at some distance down-flow of these electrodes (4) an ozone sensor (6) is arranged which is connected to control means (8) adapted to control the high-voltage source in such a manner that substantially no ozone is produced in the air (2).
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93910438A EP0615603B1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
| AU40917/93A AU681582B2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
| DE69301457T DE69301457T2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISINFECTING AIR IN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS |
| BR9306305A BR9306305A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Process and system for air disinfection in air conditioning ducts |
| JP51914193A JP3357056B2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Method and apparatus for sterilizing air in air conditioning duct |
| US08/325,418 US5648046A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
| PCT/NL1993/000089 WO1993022603A1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
| CA002134202A CA2134202C (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
| FI945022A FI101103B (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-10-26 | Procedures and systems for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts |
| NO944088A NO179957C (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-10-27 | Method and system for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH137592 | 1992-04-28 | ||
| CH1375/92-3 | 1992-07-28 | ||
| PCT/NL1993/000089 WO1993022603A1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993022603A1 true WO1993022603A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
Family
ID=25687481
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NL1993/000089 Ceased WO1993022603A1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | A method and a system for disinfecting air in air conditioning ducts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1993022603A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687869A3 (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1998-01-07 | CEPTER LTD., Switzerland | Process and device for eradicating pests from air |
| WO1998026482A1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | T.E.M. Technische Entwicklungen Und Management Gm Bh | Device to produce active oxygen ions in the air for improved air quality |
| US6103190A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 2000-08-15 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Microorganism multiplication preventing method and apparatus |
| EP1139735B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2006-07-12 | University Of Southampton | Method and apparatus for dispersing a volatile composition |
| FR2928272A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-11 | Dalkia France Soc En Commandit | METHOD OF DISINFECTING A VENTILATION NETWORK AND ITS DEVICE. |
| NL2010520C2 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-09-29 | Virus Free Air B V | Air duct product. |
| WO2015002607A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Sem Yam Gan | Interactive ionizers and methods for providing ions |
| US9562702B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2017-02-07 | Akos R&D Ltd. | Air treatment apparatus and method |
| US20170128611A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-05-11 | Xavier Rex Prax | Hvac fluid dispersant system |
| US10139118B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2018-11-27 | Akos R&D Ltd. | Air treatment apparatus and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2414337A1 (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1979-08-10 | Paragerm France | Bactericidal liq. spray to disinfect interior of buildings - with liq. droplets pumped into atmos. or air conditioning duct |
| EP0355765A2 (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1990-02-28 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of inhibiting the spread of disease and infection in structures |
-
1993
- 1993-04-28 WO PCT/NL1993/000089 patent/WO1993022603A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2414337A1 (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1979-08-10 | Paragerm France | Bactericidal liq. spray to disinfect interior of buildings - with liq. droplets pumped into atmos. or air conditioning duct |
| EP0355765A2 (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1990-02-28 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of inhibiting the spread of disease and infection in structures |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687869A3 (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1998-01-07 | CEPTER LTD., Switzerland | Process and device for eradicating pests from air |
| US6103190A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 2000-08-15 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Microorganism multiplication preventing method and apparatus |
| WO1998026482A1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | T.E.M. Technische Entwicklungen Und Management Gm Bh | Device to produce active oxygen ions in the air for improved air quality |
| US6375714B1 (en) | 1996-12-11 | 2002-04-23 | T.E.M.! Technishe Entwicklungen Und Managament Gmbh | Device and process to produce active oxygen ions in the air for improved air quality |
| EP1139735B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2006-07-12 | University Of Southampton | Method and apparatus for dispersing a volatile composition |
| WO2009112408A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-17 | Dalkia France | Method for disinfecting a ventilation network and device for same |
| FR2928272A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-11 | Dalkia France Soc En Commandit | METHOD OF DISINFECTING A VENTILATION NETWORK AND ITS DEVICE. |
| US9562702B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2017-02-07 | Akos R&D Ltd. | Air treatment apparatus and method |
| US10139118B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2018-11-27 | Akos R&D Ltd. | Air treatment apparatus and method |
| NL2010520C2 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-09-29 | Virus Free Air B V | Air duct product. |
| WO2015002607A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Sem Yam Gan | Interactive ionizers and methods for providing ions |
| US20170128611A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-05-11 | Xavier Rex Prax | Hvac fluid dispersant system |
| US10251969B2 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2019-04-09 | Xavier Rex Prax | HVAC fluid dispersant system |
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