WO1995001561A1 - Anordnung zum messen oder erkennen einer veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden element - Google Patents
Anordnung zum messen oder erkennen einer veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995001561A1 WO1995001561A1 PCT/DE1994/000714 DE9400714W WO9501561A1 WO 1995001561 A1 WO1995001561 A1 WO 1995001561A1 DE 9400714 W DE9400714 W DE 9400714W WO 9501561 A1 WO9501561 A1 WO 9501561A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- arrangement
- signal
- plate
- sources
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/43—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length by measuring critical angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
- B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
- B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
- B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
- B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
- B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
- B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
- B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
- B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
- B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
- B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
- B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
- B60S1/0833—Optical rain sensor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N2021/551—Retroreflectance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/8422—Investigating thin films, e.g. matrix isolation method
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S318/00—Electricity: motive power systems
- Y10S318/02—Windshield wiper controls
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for measuring or detecting a change in or as a result of a retroreflective element which is separated from the arrangement by a medium which is transparent to a particular radiation.
- a retroreflective element e.g. can be recognized by a certain wetting of a surface in order to derive control commands for closing windows or other openings or for removing a disturbing wetting.
- a reflective element e.g. an inner reflection surface of a radiation-transmissive plate or wall (inner or total reflection)
- a mirror or any means that possibly also reflects only scattered light such as e.g. a hand approaching the arrangement.
- wetting of a surface is understood to mean covering or sprinkling the surface with individual liquid drops or the impact of liquid drops on this surface, right up to a liquid film or foam applied to the surface or a liquid layer that has run up or spills onto the surface a certain layer thickness.
- the change in the reflection conditions for example changes in position or the occurrence of an object that is movable or moved in front of the arrangement can be detected. If the change is wetting, for example by measuring the amount of wetting liquid per Area unit and / or more specific control commands can be derived per unit of time on the wetted surface with which, for example, the wetting is regulated, closing processes are controlled depending on the existing or expected liquid tightness, or a process for eliminating the wetting depending on the history of the cause the wetting can be optimally controlled.
- the invention is based on the object of designing an arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset such that an additional external radiation penetrating into the arrangement from the surroundings of the arrangement for measuring or detecting a change and superimposing itself on the radiation of the arrangement is the measurement or detection of the change is not significantly influenced, disrupted and falsified even if the additional extraneous radiation makes up a substantial or even a predominant proportion of the radiation emitted for measurement or detection.
- a sensor-active area in the medium with at least two measuring sections to which at least one radiation source or group of radiation sources for irradiating the particular radiation into the radiation-permeable medium and with at least one radiation receiver or a group of radiation receivers in the overlapping area the zones of a maximum of the radiation intensity curve are arranged, in the case of the sensor-active region in the idle state, the back radiation emerging from the side of the medium opposite the reflective element of the radiation source or sources assigned to the radiation receiver for generating a detection signal corresponding to the received radiation,
- the average amplitude value is equal to the average amplitude value of the sections of the detection signal assigned to the other radiation sources or groups of radiation sources
- the radiation for measuring or detecting a change in a retroreflective element thus penetrates both the plate or wall and the liquid wetting the plate or wall in the event of wetting an outer surface of a plate or wall without substantial attenuation and an increasingly large size
- the proportion of the radiation emitted into the plate or wall with an increasing radiation angle through the plate or wall is reflected by the interface of the outer surface of the plate or wall, up to a limit angle of the angle of incidence from which an optically one wall-free interface a total reflection of the irradiated radiation occurs on this surface.
- the radiation intensity of the plate is dependent on the directional characteristic of the radiation intensity or wall coupled radiation source and the attenuation of the radiation flow in the plate or wall a curve of the radiation intensity of a radiation flow emerging from the inner surface of the plate or wall to which the radiation source is coupled.
- This radiation flow curve has a generally broad maximum between the coupling point of the radiation source and the radiation area of the radiation which is below the critical angle of the totally reflected radiation, as is shown schematically in FIG.
- the greatest change in the curve of the radiation intensity is to be expected if the reflection of the radiation transmitted in the plate or wall on the wettable surface of the plate or wall occurs between this maximum and the coupling of the radiation source the inner surface of the sensor-active area of the outer surface of the plate or wall is changed by wetting.
- Both the position and the height of this maximum change depending on the type of wetting of the outer surface of the plate or wall in the sensor-responsive area, which in the non-wetted state essentially to form this maximum of the radiation intensity on the inner surface of the plate or wall contributes. In principle, several local maxima can develop.
- As radiation that flows through both the wetted plate or wall and the wetting liquid for example, light radiation in the visible, ultra violet or infrared range, ultrasound radiation or possibly capacitive radiation are possible.
- the radiation-transmissive medium does not have to be a plate or wall.
- the arrangement can also detect changes in the reflection ratios in another radiation-permeable medium such as, for example, air, provided that only measuring sections between the arrangement, which usually comprises the radiation source and the radiation receiver, and a reflecting element, such as a mirror or a hand, can be set up. Only scattered back-scattered light allows the arrangement, for example, to recognize changes in position or to approach a hand.
- the sections of the detection signal assigned to the individual radiation sources or groups of radiation sources when the reflection conditions change for example by wetting in the sensor-active area
- the arrangement detects a very wide area of change, for example by wetting the plate or wall, and that a Im
- the reliability of the detection of the change is further increased by the fact that a switching sequence frequency of the switching sequence for alternately activating the radiation sources or groups of radiation sources assigned to a radiation receiver is selected, which is a substantial multiple greater than the fastest expected change sequence of one to the Radiation receiver acting external radiation, and that only a detection signal is evaluated, the change sequence of which has the same repetition frequency as the switching sequence.
- FIG. 1b shows a diagram with a curve representing the radiation intensity of the back radiation of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1a
- FIG. 2 shows a section of a wettable plate or
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an arrangement for measuring or determining wetting with an arrangement of the sensor-active area of a plate or wall shown in FIG. 2, ig 4 diagrams a) to 5) a block diagram of a further arrangement for measuring or determining the wetting of a plate or wall with two particularly coupled radiation sources and a control arrangement, ig 6 a diagram of the curve of the radiation intensity curves the retroreflection on the inner surface of the plate or wall with a special application coupling of two radiation sources to this surface, FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of an evaluation device, FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a windshield, FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows diagrams a) to d) of the time course of the motor limit switch signals and the motor; the signal course with little and with strong wetting; the variable time constant, Fig. 10 is a block diagram in a further embodiment, Fig. 11-13 examples of different input signals.
- the radiation-transmissive medium is a plate or wall 1, but other, e.g.
- Disembodimentable media can be used, in which the changes are or are brought about by introducing a means which reflects the active radiation of the radiation sources into the beam path of the measuring arrangement or moving in the path of the rays, which enables the construction of measuring sections.
- FIG. 1 a shows a panel or wall 1 cut in a plane (not shown in more detail) in a cutout.
- the plane runs perpendicular to the plate through a radiation source 2 coupled to the plate or wall, the radiation of which in the plate is represented by lines 3.
- the radiation source is coupled to the inner surface 4 of the plate 1 in such a way that the radiation 3 generated by it without losses can flow.
- This radiation is reflected according to the optical laws on the outer surface 5 of the plate opposite the inner surface of the plate to an increasing extent with increasing angle of incidence a from the outer surface (reflected radiation 6) and occurs on the inner surface 4 of the plate or wall 1 partially again as retroreflective radiation 7.
- the course of the radiation intensity I of this retroreflection 7 as a function of the distance x from the radiation source is shown schematically as curve 8 in the diagram in FIG. 1b.
- this curve has, for example, a first maximum 10, which essentially depends on the radiation characteristic of the radiation source 2 into the plate 1 .
- maxima can also be detected and evaluated in the signal curve.
- This radiation characteristic is shown schematically as curve 11 in FIG. 1 a and schematically characterizes the angle-dependent radiation intensity of the radiation source into the plate.
- the outer surface 5 of the plate or wall is wetted in a particularly sensitive area of the outer surface between a perpendicular 12 to the plate at the location of the radiation source and a vertical 12 m through the plate at the location xm of the first maximum, namely in the The sensor-active area 14 of the plate or wall, in which the reflection for the maximum 10 is reflected from the outer surface, which is shown schematically in FIG.
- the inner surface 4 of the plate or wall 1 is coupled to the inner surface 4 of the plate or wall 1 in the region of the maximum 10 of the radiation intensity of the back radiation 7, for example at a distance xe from the coupling point of the radiation source 2, it receives a radiation intensity II of the reflection 7 given by the curve 8 in the non-wetted state of the sensor-active region 14 of the plate, in the case of the wetted state of the sensor-active region of the plate a radiation intensity I 2 of the radiation curve 8 X of the radiation the wetting changed retroreflection of the plate.
- the change in the radiation intensity from I 1 to I 2 characterizes the wetting of the sensor-active area 14 of the plate or wall 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a section of a wettable plate or wall 1 in a view of the inner surface 4 of the plate with three groups 17, 18 and 19 each having two radiation sources coupled to the inner surface, namely radiation sources 2.1 (17), 2.2 (17) of the first group 17, the radiation sources 2.1 (18), 2.2 (18) of the second group 18 and the radiation sources 2.1 (19), 2.2 (19) of the third group 19, all of which are assigned to a single radiation receiver 16 and are arranged in a circle around the radiation receiver 16 in such a way that the radiation receiver lies on the approximately annular zone 20 of the maximum 10 of the radiation intensity of the back radiation of the individual radiation sources 2.1 (17) to 2.2 (19).
- two radiation sources opposite each other with respect to the radiation receiver form a group of two radiation sources.
- a radiation source has a plurality of radiation receivers arranged in a circle around it, provided that only at least two measuring sections can be queried and corrected independently of one another.
- the mode of operation of the arrangement of three groups of radiation sources around an associated radiation receiver shown in FIG. 2 is explained in more detail with reference to a circuit arrangement shown as an exemplary embodiment in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a vertical section of a section of a wettable plate 1 or wall with the six radiation sources 2.1 (17) to 2.2 (19) shown schematically in FIG. 2 and coupled to the inner surface 4 of the plate 1.
- the radiation sources are light-emitting diodes, one connection of which is connected to one pole of a current source 21.
- the other pole of the current source is connected to the input 22 of a three-digit sequential switch 23, which connects the signal input 22 at its control input 25 to the next signal output 26.1, 26.2 or 26.3 after each control pulse 24.
- the signal input is connected to the signal output 26.1
- the signal input is connected to the subsequent signal output 26.2 by the next control pulse.
- the radiation source groups 17, 18 and 19 are alternately switched on to the current source 21, so that the radiation source groups 17, 18 and 19 alternately are successively activated until the following group is switched on.
- the course of the radiation of the individual radiation source groups in the radiation-transmissive plate 1 is indicated schematically in FIG. 3 by the differently structured lines 27, 28 and 29.
- the portion reflected on the outer surface 5 of the plate partially emerges again as reflection 7 on the inner surface 4 of the plate.
- the radiation receiver 16 coupled to the inner surface of the plate 1 in the zen of the maximum of the radiation intensity of the retroreflection, in the exemplary embodiment shown a photo element, converts the received radiation flow into an electrical output signal S 16, the temporal profile 31 of which is shown schematically in diagram a) of FIG. 4 over a time axis t and which is formed from signal sections 37, 38, 39 which are repeated in a row.
- the radiation power of the individual groups 17, 18 and 19 of the radiation sources is set in such a way that each group of radiation sources has the same adjustment value I 0 of the undisturbed and undisturbed plate or wall 1
- Output signals S16 of the radiation receiver are generated, as is shown schematically in diagram b) of FIG. 4 on a time course 33 of the undisturbed and balanced output signal S 16 of the radiation receiver 16. If the sensor-active area 14 of the plate 1 is wetted, for example, by a drop 13, as is shown schematically in FIG.
- the beam guide 27, 28, 29 is changed by this wetting in such a way that the radiation flux components of the individual radiation source groups 17, 18 and 19 have their share on the adjusted course 33 of the output signal S 16 so that, for example, a time-level course 34 of the output signal S 16 of the radiation receiver 16 shown in diagram c) of FIG. 4 is produced.
- This output signal S 16 passes via an amplifier 35 and a high-pass filter 36 as a detection signal SD to the signal input 40 of an evaluation arrangement 41.
- the cut-off frequency fp of the high-pass filter 36 is dimensioned such that, on the one hand, the course 34 of the individual sections 37, 38 and 39 of the output signal S 16 formed when the wetting of the sensor-active area of the plate or wall 1 is detected or measured, is still approximately transmitted by the filter and that on the other hand, fluctuations of external radiation on the radiation receiver 16, which the latter also converts into electrical signals, no longer take effect in the detection signal SD.
- This time course of the detection signal SD formed at the output of the high-pass filter 36 is shown schematically in diagram d) of FIG. 4 in a thick curve 42.
- the evaluation arrangement 4 contains a threshold value circuit (not shown in any more detail) which generates a control signal S 41 at the output 41.2 of the evaluation arrangement 41 when the curve 42 of the detection signal SD projects beyond a certain threshold value SW.
- This control signal S 41 indicates a wetting of the wetted plate 1 or wall in the sensor-active area 14 of the plate and can be used to control processes dependent on the wetting.
- FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a further exemplary embodiment of an arrangement for measuring or determining wetting of a plate 1 or wall, which differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 essentially by the type of arrangement of the radiation sources in the sensor-active region 14 the plate or wall and an additional control arrangement for regulating the adjustment of the radiation power of the radiation sources.
- the two radiation sources 2.1 and 2.2 are coupled to the inner surface 4 of the plate 1 in such a way that the angle of incidence aE of the maximum radiation intensity of a radiation source 2.1 or 2.2 into the plate or wall is approximately equal to the angle for which the maximum 10 of the retroreflection 7 reaches its greatest value from the inner surface 4 of the plate or wall in a plane perpendicularly penetrating the plate or wall at the location of the radiation source and the associated radiation receiver 16, which is also coupled to the inner surface.
- the two radiation sources 2.1 and 2.2 are at different distances xl and x2 from their associated radiation receiver, namely such that in the balanced state of the two radiation sources and when the plate or wall is not wetted, the radiation receiver 16 on the trailing edge 43 of the first maximum 10.1 of curve 8.1 the back radiation of the first radiation source 2.1 and at the same time on the front flank 44 of the first maximum of the curve 8.2 the back radiation caused by the second radiation source 2.2 from the inner surface 4 of the plate or wall 1.
- This increases the accuracy and certainty of recognizing and measuring the wetting of a plate or wall, since when the sensor-active area of the plate or wall is wetted, the maximum not only changes in height, but also in the distance from it associated radiation source changes. Small changes in wetting are also more clearly detected by the change in position of the maximum.
- the switch arrangement for controlling the two radiation sources 2.1 and 2.2 is a clock generator 30 which alternately produces a current pulse at a non-inverting output 30.0 and at an inverting output 30.1 to excite the radiation of the radiation source connected to the output generated for the duration of the current pulse.
- one output of the current pulse generator 30 contains a current control element 32, which can be adjusted by a control signal Sr at its control input 47.
- the retroreflection of these two radiation sources at the coupling point XE (FIG. 6) of the radiation receiver 16 is converted by the latter into an electrical output signal S 16, which corresponds to the arrangement shown in FIG.
- a signal centering stage 48 is connected to the output of the filter circuit 36 and impresses the changes in the detection signal SD on the output of the filter circuit 36 with a center voltage Uz.
- the signal centering stage 48 contains a synchronous demodulator 49 with two demodulator outputs 49.1 and 49.2, each of which is assigned to a radiation source. The assignment takes place via a control clock S 30.0 of the current pulse generator 30, which also controls the radiation of the radiation sources.
- Demodulator value memories 50.1 and 50.2 are connected downstream of demodulator outputs 49.1 and 49.2 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, which currently feed the mean amplitude value of the signal sections of demodulation signal SD, which are sampled by synchronous demodulator 49 and are assigned to the two radiation sources. - solve
- the difference value is formed from the instantaneous mean amplitude values of the two detection value memories and an average value is impressed on it.
- This smoothed detection signal SD m formed in this way which is substantially free of interference with respect to the detection signal SD at the output of the filter circuit 36, is fed to both an evaluation arrangement 41 and a control circuit 52 with a high control time constant Tv.
- the control circuit contains a time constant element 53 and a comparator 54, which generates a control signal Sr for the control input 47 of the current control element 32 from the comparison with a reference signal Sref in such a way that the radiation power of the beam controlled by the current control element ⁇ source 2.1 is changed so that the difference in the detection amplitude values at the output of the signal centering stage 48 goes to zero.
- the control speed, ie the control time constant Tv of the control circuit 52 is dimensioned in such a way that it is significantly greater than the slowest changes in a wetting process that are yet to be detected.
- the evaluation arrangement 41 can also be connected directly to the output of the two detection value memories 50.1 and 50.2, in particular when the wetting is to be measured by means of the evaluation arrangement.
- the control time constant is significantly greater than an oscillation period of the switching sequence signal which switches the radiation sources or groups of radiation sources assigned to the radiation receiver.
- several radiation receivers, in the example photodiodes, and several radiation sources, in the example light-emitting diodes can be connected in series, thereby increasing the number of the measurement sections and to increase the reliability of the measurement results.
- four light-emitting diodes can be arranged in such a way that a photodiode lies centrally in the middle of four light-emitting diodes arranged on the corners of a square. This results in 4 mutually independent measuring arrangements. By continuing this grid, this number can easily be increased if increased safety requirements are placed on the arrangement.
- An embodiment with a plurality of radiation sources which are assigned to a radiation receiver has the advantage over the reverse arrangement (several receivers - one source) that, for example, when controlling windshield wiper motors on motor vehicles, the influence of extraneous light, which is only a part of the Measuring sections can be filtered out better.
- the arrangement 112 in FIG. 7 can become less sensitive, so that further changes can be reliably detected. Just think of streaks that a windshield wiper leaves behind and that would lead to a signal with high sensitivity, even though they dry themselves.
- the time constant at least during the sweeping of the measurement sections by a removal device, be so short that the signal generated by the removal device is largely suppressed, or the evaluation arrangement has a memory unit which essentially stores the signals that occur as long as the time constant is set long, and at least partially fades out the signals which occur during the sweeping of the measuring sections by the elimination device with a short time constant.
- the evaluation arrangement evaluates the strength of the signals determined by a removal device during the sweeping of the measuring sections and, as soon as the strength falls below an adjustable limit value, unloads a memory unit, depending on the content of which the removal device is controlled. This allows the React quickly and flexibly, for example if the windshield wiper in a vehicle has to be quickly returned to the idle state because the vehicle stops at a traffic light or enters a tunnel.
- the signals originating from the sweeping, ie above all the signals caused by the water surge, can be integrated here. If the determined value is below a limit value, the provision is initiated.
- FIG. 9 a shows the course over time of a wiping process when a windshield according to FIG. 2 is swept over with windshield wipers 125, the windshield wiper sweeping over the arrangement at positions x.
- the surge of water pushed in front of the windshield wipers 125 leads to strong pulses and input signals Es (Ql) (e.g. amount of water Ql in FIG. 9b).
- Es (Ql) e.g. amount of water Ql in FIG. 9b
- the time constant can be changed, for example from Tv to Tv2, by means of actuating means 114 or switching means 121, or a change in sensitivity takes place a certain time tl after the start signal 130 of the wiper, e.g. by means of timer T2 (Fig. 9d).
- the input signal Es (Q2) then only slightly exceeds the threshold value As (Tv2) which is higher than the threshold value As (Tv).
- a memory unit 115 comprises a first memory 116, which outputs its signals to a further memory 118 via a threshold-dependent attenuator 117.
- a bridging circuit 122 By means of a bridging circuit 122, strong signals can be fed directly to the further memory 118.
- a measured value signal Ms is passed via oscillator 23 to the wiper motor M, which can give signals for the adjusting means 113, 114 via its limit switch E.
- this connection to the limit switch is not absolutely necessary.
- the windshield wiper can also be transferred directly into continuous operation or even into the faster stage of the wiper motor. The values determined during the sweep can be recorded for evaluation for dry-running control.
- the evaluation arrangement 41 is preceded in FIG. 10 by switching means 160, which are opened with a first signal.
- the first signal is passed to a threshold switch 164, which compares the signal with a reference signal Wref. If the signal is greater than the reference value, the switching means 160 are actuated via a timer 161, as a result of which the connection between the arrangement and the evaluation arrangement 41 is established. If the next input signal follows within the time specified by the timer 161, it arrives directly at the evaluation arrangement 41, but also passes through the threshold switch 164. value is exceeded again, the running time of the timer 161 which establishes the temporary connection is restarted.
- Figures 11-13 show the different input signals.
- the arrangement recognizes a one-time change that is corrected. However, since no further signal occurs in the foreseeable future, there is no influence on the evaluation arrangement 41.
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94918294A EP0706648B1 (de) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | Anordnung zum messen oder erkennen einer veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden element |
| DE59403980T DE59403980D1 (de) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | Anordnung zum messen oder erkennen einer veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden element |
| AU69684/94A AU6968494A (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | Arrangement for measuring or detecting a change in a retro-reflective component |
| KR1019960700006A KR100302088B1 (ko) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | 배면방사요소의 변동검지장치 |
| JP50321095A JP3362852B2 (ja) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | 反射要素における変化の測定または識別装置 |
| US08/578,685 US5666037A (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | Arrangement for measuring or detecting a change in a retro-reflective element |
| FI956323A FI111103B (fi) | 1993-07-02 | 1995-12-29 | Laite heijastavassa elementissä tapahtuvan muutoksen mittaamiseksi tai havaitsemiseksi |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9309837U DE9309837U1 (de) | 1993-07-02 | 1993-07-02 | Anordnung zum Messen oder Erkennen der Benetzung einer für eine bestimmte Strahlung durchlässigen Wand oder Platte |
| DEG9309837.5U | 1993-07-02 | ||
| DEP4339572.4 | 1993-11-19 | ||
| DEP4339574.0 | 1993-11-19 | ||
| DE4339572A DE4339572A1 (de) | 1993-11-19 | 1993-11-19 | Vorrichtung mit einer Meßanordnung |
| DE19934339574 DE4339574C2 (de) | 1993-11-19 | 1993-11-19 | Auswertevorrichtung für Signale, die von einer Meßanordnung zum Messen oder Erkennen einer Benetzung einer Fläche ermittelt wurden |
| DE4403221A DE4403221A1 (de) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-02-03 | Anordnung zum Messen oder Erkennen einer Veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden Element |
| DEP4403221.8 | 1994-02-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1995001561A1 true WO1995001561A1 (de) | 1995-01-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1994/000714 Ceased WO1995001561A1 (de) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-06-18 | Anordnung zum messen oder erkennen einer veränderung an einem rückstrahlenden element |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5666037A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0706648B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3362852B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100302088B1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU6968494A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59403980D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2110763T3 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI111103B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1995001561A1 (de) |
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| US5900960A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1999-05-04 | Itt Automobive Europe Gmbh | Circuit arrangement for receiving light signals |
| DE19526249A1 (de) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-02-08 | Valeo Electronique | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Wasser oder dergleichen auf einer Fensterscheibe eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
| JPH11509932A (ja) * | 1996-05-24 | 1999-08-31 | リビー−オーウェンズ−フォード・カンパニー | コリメータレンズ及びプリズムカプラを備えた小型水滴センサ |
| DE19702392C1 (de) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-06-10 | Gerd Reime | Beschleunigungssensor zur Erfassung von Trägheitskräften |
| WO1998033072A1 (de) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-30 | Gerd Reime | Beschleunigungssensor zur erfassung von trägheitskräften |
| US6276206B1 (en) | 1997-01-24 | 2001-08-21 | Gerd Reime | Acceleration sensor for detecting inertia forces |
| US6262410B1 (en) | 1997-09-16 | 2001-07-17 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture sensor and windshield fog detector |
| US6495815B1 (en) | 1997-09-16 | 2002-12-17 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture sensor and windshield fog detector |
| US6384379B1 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 2002-05-07 | Gerd Reime | Protective device for an iron and iron incorporating same |
| DE19839730C1 (de) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-30 | Gerd Reime | Schutzvorrichtung für Bügelgeräte |
| US7361875B2 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2008-04-22 | Gentex Corporation | Vehicle headlamp control utilizing a light sensor having at least two light transducers |
| US6313457B1 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2001-11-06 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture detecting system using semiconductor light sensor with integral charge collection |
| US6469291B2 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2002-10-22 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture detecting system using semiconductor light sensor with integral charge collection |
| DE10001955A1 (de) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-19 | Gerd Reime | Opto-elektronischer Schalter |
| US6828546B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2004-12-07 | Gerd Reime | Opto-electronic switch which evaluates changes in motion |
| DE10001943A1 (de) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-19 | Gerd Reime | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Auswerten eines von einem Näherungssensor stammenden Nutzsignals |
| DE10001943C2 (de) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-12-06 | Gerd Reime | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Auswerten eines von einem Näherungssensor stammenden Nutzsignals |
| WO2001054276A1 (de) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-26 | Gerd Reime | Opto-elektronischer schalter mit auswertung von bewegungsänderungen |
| US6965327B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2005-11-15 | Gerd Reime | Device and method for evaluating a useful signal originating from a proximity sensor |
| US6953926B2 (en) | 2000-05-19 | 2005-10-11 | Gerd Reime | Method and devices for opto-electronically determining the position of an object |
| WO2002021107A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-14 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Deposit detector and controller using the detector |
| WO2002052249A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Deposit detector and control device using it |
| US6524968B2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2003-02-25 | Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. | Method for forming insulating film and for manufacturing integrated circuit |
| US6681163B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2004-01-20 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture sensor and windshield fog detector |
| US6617564B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2003-09-09 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture sensor utilizing stereo imaging with an image sensor |
| US6861636B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2005-03-01 | Gentex Corporation | Moisture sensor utilizing stereo imaging with an image sensor |
| WO2008073289A2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-19 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Display and user interface |
| JP2011530691A (ja) * | 2008-04-21 | 2011-12-22 | エフエスシー カンパニー,リミテッド | 雨滴感知センサー |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2110763T3 (es) | 1998-02-16 |
| DE59403980D1 (de) | 1997-10-09 |
| JP3362852B2 (ja) | 2003-01-07 |
| KR100302088B1 (ko) | 2001-12-28 |
| JPH08512131A (ja) | 1996-12-17 |
| FI956323A0 (fi) | 1995-12-29 |
| FI111103B (fi) | 2003-05-30 |
| US5666037A (en) | 1997-09-09 |
| EP0706648A1 (de) | 1996-04-17 |
| FI956323A7 (fi) | 1996-02-28 |
| AU6968494A (en) | 1995-01-24 |
| EP0706648B1 (de) | 1997-09-03 |
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