WO1995008781A1 - Methode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en deduire des proprietes geologiques - Google Patents
Methode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en deduire des proprietes geologiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995008781A1 WO1995008781A1 PCT/FR1994/001087 FR9401087W WO9508781A1 WO 1995008781 A1 WO1995008781 A1 WO 1995008781A1 FR 9401087 W FR9401087 W FR 9401087W WO 9508781 A1 WO9508781 A1 WO 9508781A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seismic
- traces
- geological
- wells
- formation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of analyzing seismic traces to extract geological information relating to an underground formation, such as an oil reservoir for example.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to reconcile data which could be collected by seismic exploration of the formation and geological data resulting from measurements which have been obtained by descending the measurement probes in one or more wells drilled crossing the area tank.
- the method uses a statistical calibration between the geological parameters at the reservoir level, and the characteristics of the seismic measurements obtained in the vicinity of the wells.
- the main purpose of this statistical calibration is to establish an empirical relationship between the seismic characteristics and the geological properties of the reservoir at the level of the wells, which relationship is then applied to the seismic traces far from the wells to estimate the geological characteristics of the reservoir.
- the method according to the invention therefore aims to improve the knowledge of the reservoir between the wells from surface seismic data, often having a density of spatial coverage much greater than that of the wells.
- results obtained are useful at the early stage of the life of the deposit when we are looking for the best locations for drilling wells (appraisal phase or start of development phase). At a later stage, the results are also useful for imposing constraints on the reservoir model that has been established to represent the reservoir formation in question.
- the calibration techniques used must be able to easily adapt to cases where several geological and seismic parameters are involved (multivariable aspect) and also accommodate possibly non-linear relationships between the geological and seismic parameters. They must not be limited by too many underlying probabilistic assumptions, and they must also provide a proven quantification of the uncertainties linked to the values predicted by the calibration operation.
- the known techniques for geological calibration of seismic data do not always fulfill all of these objectives.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible, while respecting the imperatives defined above, to predict (make an estimate or else a simulation to represent their uncertainties) of the geological parameters of an underground formation such as an oil reservoir, from geological information obtained following measurements or analyzes carried out in one or more drilled wells crossing the formation and from a collection of seismic traces.
- This collection is obtained by direct seismic exploration of the formation or even made up of synthetic seismic traces calculated from data obtained in wells for example. It comprises in particular a set of traces consisting of real traces obtained in the immediate vicinity of the wells (adjacent traces) or alternatively of calculated synthetic traces corresponding to this same neighborhood. It is from this set of traces that we will choose the calibration population defined below.
- the method includes the following steps: we define an analysis interval (in time or in depth) on the traces seismic at the level of the underground formation, compatible with the geometrical configuration of the formation, we characterize the portions of seismic traces, within this analysis interval, by a set of p attributes, we deduce from said available geological information ( obtained in the wells) a certain number q of geological parameters and a calibration population is formed consisting of points to which we associate the p attributes attached to the seismic traces of the set of traces (adjacent to the wells) and the q geological parameters.
- the method is characterized in that:
- this relation is applied to the seismic traces of the collection, other than those of the set of adjacent traces (near the wells), so as to predict the q corresponding geological parameters associated with the seismic attributes of these other traces (ie more traces distant from the wells), as well as the uncertainties on the predicted geological parameters.
- This statistical calibration comprises for example the determination of an optimal approximation of the multivariable probability density function of the calibration population by a finite sum of multivariable probability densities, belonging to a defined family of probability laws, and the use of this approximation for calibration purposes.
- the analysis interval is demarcated by pointing to the seismic traces of the collection, the roof and the base of the reservoir.
- the seismic attributes are obtained for example from the amplitudes of each portion of the seismic trace in the collection of traces or else from the module of the analytical signal, or else by determining the amplitude spectrum of the portions of traces.
- the step of determining the q geological parameters includes, for example, an analysis of samples taken from the wells or an analysis of logs made using tools lowered into the wells.
- the seismic traces used can be obtained by seismic exploration of the formation, synthesized from well data, real or themselves synthetic.
- geological parameter For example the average porosity of the geological samples at the level of the reservoir.
- the method according to the invention applied for calibration purposes has the advantage of adapting well to cases of multiple variables, and it makes it possible to deal with problems where non-linear relationships exist between the geological parameters and the seismic attributes. It also provides a quantification of the uncertainties since the probability density function is fully known. Furthermore, this method can be completely non-parametric. It is also effective with regard to the required computation time, even when the number of parameters and attributes taken into account is high.
- - FigJ schematically shows an underground formation crossed by wells
- - Fig.2 illustrates the calibration methodology used in a diagram reduced to two dimensions for convenience where S and G respectively represent the seismic attribute and the geological variable considered
- - Fig. 3 shows the histogram of a geological parameter such as the sandstone thickness T of a studied formation, and superimposed, the marginal distribution of the approximation f (T) as well as its six Gaussian components numbered from 1 to 6.
- - Fig. 4 shows, for the formation tested, a diagram of the thicknesses of sandstone T in the formation as a function of a seismic attribute S which is a particular linear combination of the amplitudes of the traces;
- Figs. 5A to 5D show, at the level of the formation studied and four particular wells, the conditional distribution f (T / s) of the thickness T of the sandstones, knowing the seismic data S, as well as the real thickness of the sandstones measured in these wells (dotted in the figures) for comparison;
- Fig. 6 presents a diagram of the predicted thicknesses of sandstone PT, as a function of the actual thicknesses of sandstone, by applying the method to the formation tested, the points being coded by the probability PR of obtaining the predicted thickness PT;
- Figs. 7 and 7A show respectively, and with different scales, the distribution of the thicknesses of sandstone predicted by application of the method to the formation tested.
- the statistical calibration method according to the invention applies to an underground formation F (FigJ) generally crossed by several wells Wi ... Wi ... Wj ... Wk, such as a reservoir containing petroleum effluents. Geological and seismic data were collected on this formation.
- the method first of all involves delimiting, on the traces of the collection, an analysis interval. It can be a time interval ⁇ or a depth interval if the seismic data as a function of time is previously transformed into data as a function of the depth.
- This analysis interval is obtained for example by pointing on the traces an area of interest. If it is an oil tank, we point, for example, the position of the roof and the base of the tank. All the traces of the collection are then characterized within this analysis interval, by a certain number p of seismic attributes which are obtained for example from the amplitudes of each seismic trace, from the module of the analytical signal , representative, as we know, of the energy of the trace, or by determining the amplitude spectrum of the traces, etc.
- a set of traces RW1 ... RWi ... RWj ... RWn is selected which are either the seismic traces obtained in the vicinity of the (or each well) crossing the formation, or synthetic traces modeled corresponding to this same neighborhood or to a simulated neighborhood.
- the method then includes a reconciliation of the geological parameters obtained in the wells and the seismic attributes of the traces RWI ... RWi ... RWn of the set of adjacent traces, so as to establish an empirical relationship.
- a calibration population is thus formed with this set of traces associated with the wells which are represented by the q geological parameters and the p simic attributes.
- We then seek an optimal approximation f of the multivariable density function f: f (Gl ... Gq, SI ... Sp) f (Gl ... Gq, SI ... Sp)
- This part constitutes the calibration step between the p seismic attributes and the q geological parameters, and makes it possible to establish the empirical relation sought via the approximate density function f and the associated conditional density function f (G / s) (Fig. 2).
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to infer associated values of geological parameters and the uncertainties related to these values.
- the method therefore makes it possible to estimate or simulate geological walls conditioned by seismic information.
- the desired approximation of the empirical density function is obtained, in the form of a combination of densities associated with multivariable Gaussian laws as described for example in Royer, 1988, New approaches to the accognition of anomalies in exploration geochemistry, in quantitative analysis of ore and energy resources, Chung et al., Reidel Publishing Company, 89-1 12.
- the function f is expressed in the form of a sum of functions of density f:
- the producing levels correspond to sandstones, dolomitic sandstones and vacuolar dolomites separated by covering levels of the clay, anhydritic clay or dolomicrite type.
- the petrophysical characteristics of the reservoirs vary widely from one well to another; they are essentially conditioned by the lithological nature of the reservoir (high porosity sandstone or less porous dolomites).
- Well data available were cores taken from a few wells, raw log measurements from all wells and those obtained by a combined interpretation of these measurements in terms of lithofacies with six major lithofacies: - clay covers,
- the tank roof was pointed to the seismic data available on the field (22 seismic profiles with 500 m between lines, 17 m between mirror points, with a sampling step of 4 ms in double time) after calibration between the scale of times and that of depth carried out at the level of the wells.
- a time interval or temporal seismic window of constant size (32 ms double time) was analyzed, therefore corresponding to the interval depth at the level of the producing layers.
- the portions of seismic traces thus defined were characterized by linear combinations of the initial amplitudes, four in number, which thus constitute the seismic attributes to be calibrated with the geological parameters.
- the selected calibration population included the geological data associated with the various wells in the field and, for each well, the three closest seismic traces (such as RWi ... RWn etc FigJ).
- the method according to the invention was used to predict the cumulative thickness of the lithology "sandstone reservoirs" between the wells, which was the most interesting parameter for determining the petrophysical behavior of the reservoir.
- the calibration population was therefore represented in a space of dimension 5 (defined by the cumulative thickness of the sandstone lithofacies and the four seismic attributes), where an approximation of the multivariable density function by the sum of Gaussian density functions a been searched for. As shown in the diagram in Fig. 4, the relationship between the geological parameter and the seismic attributes is far from linear.
- the calibration population was broken down into six Gaussian classes, which made it possible to approximate the multivariable probability density of the calibration population by the following formula:
- the predicted value can be characterized by conventional statistical parameters such as the mode of distribution (most likely value), the average value, the quartiles, etc. It should be noted that for most of the wells in the calibration population, the mode of the predicted distribution is very close to the real value of the thickness of the sandstones (cf.: Fig. 6). Since the distribution is fully known, the uncertainty attached to the prediction can be quantified by various measures, such as the standard deviation or the interquartile range.
- This calibration process was then applied to all the seismic traces obtained at the end of the 2D seismic exploration campaign carried out on the field, making it possible to map the possible thickness of the sandstones of the formation between the wells with a fine mesh (that obtained by seismic prospecting).
- the estimated value is that of the distribution mode.
- This map complements the knowledge of the reservoir given by the only wells, allowing the establishment of new wells in the most favorable areas (where there is a large cumulative thickness of sandstone), but also providing a complementary description of the geological characteristics of the reservoir to take into account in the development of the deposit model.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50959995A JP3390445B2 (ja) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | 地質学的特性を推定するために統計学的較正技術を使用する地震トレース解析方法 |
| CA002149647A CA2149647C (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | Methode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en deduire des proprietes geologiques |
| DE69415142T DE69415142T2 (de) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | Auswertungsverfahren von seismischen spuren durch eine statistische kalibrierung um geologische eigenschaften abzuleiten |
| US08/436,326 US5638269A (en) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | Seismic trace analysis method utilizing a statistical calibration technique for deducing geologic properties |
| EP94927695A EP0671017B1 (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | Methode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en deduire des proprietes geologiques |
| NO952000A NO306581B1 (no) | 1993-09-21 | 1995-05-19 | Fremgangsmåte for analyse av seismiske traser ved bruk av en statistisk kalibreringsteknikk for å utlede geologiske egenskaper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9311313A FR2710418B1 (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1993-09-21 | Méthode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en déduire des propriétés géologiques. |
| FR93/11313 | 1993-09-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1995008781A1 true WO1995008781A1 (fr) | 1995-03-30 |
Family
ID=9451145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1994/001087 Ceased WO1995008781A1 (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-19 | Methode d'analyse des traces sismiques utilisant une technique de calibrage statistique pour en deduire des proprietes geologiques |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5638269A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0671017B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP3390445B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1040364C (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2149647C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69415142T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2710418B1 (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO306581B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1995008781A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7433786B2 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2008-10-07 | Adams Steven L | Method of estimating geological formation depths by converting interpreted seismic horizons the time domain to the depth domain |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5691958A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1997-11-25 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method for determining formation properties from seismic attributes |
| US5699246A (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-12-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method to estimate a corrected response of a measurement apparatus relative to a set of known responses and observed measurements |
| US5838634A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1998-11-17 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method of generating 3-D geologic models incorporating geologic and geophysical constraints |
| DE69816152T2 (de) * | 1997-03-10 | 2004-05-27 | Jason Geosystems B.V. | Verfahren zur Schätzung oder Simulation von Parameter einer statifizierten Struktur. |
| US5848379A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1998-12-08 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method for characterizing subsurface petrophysical properties using linear shape attributes |
| FR2768818B1 (fr) * | 1997-09-22 | 1999-12-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode statistique de classement d'evenements lies au proprietes physiques d'un milieu complexe tel que le sous-sol |
| US5995906A (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-11-30 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Method for reconciling data at seismic and well-log scales in 3-D earth modeling |
| US6302221B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-10-16 | Marathon Oil Company | Method for predicting quantitative values of a rock or fluid property in a reservoir using seismic data |
| FR2813959B1 (fr) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-12-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode pour faciliter la reconnaissance d'objets, notamment geologiques, par une technique d'analyse discriminante |
| FR2824148B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-30 | 2003-09-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode pour faciliter le suivi au cours du temps de l'evolution d'etats physiques dans une formation souterraine |
| US6850845B2 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2005-02-01 | Tracy Joseph Stark | System for multi-dimensional data analysis |
| DE60200707T2 (de) * | 2002-04-05 | 2005-07-21 | Agilent Technologies Inc., A Delaware Corp., Palo Alto | Zitterhistogrammnäherungsverfahren |
| GB0216647D0 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2002-08-28 | Schlumberger Holdings | System and method for obtaining and analyzing well data |
| US7072768B1 (en) | 2003-05-02 | 2006-07-04 | Young Alan G | Method for laterally extrapolating soil property data using soil samples and seismic amplitude data within a seismic coverage area |
| US6999879B2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-02-14 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method for controlling seismic coverage using decision theory |
| EA011781B1 (ru) | 2004-07-01 | 2009-06-30 | Эксонмобил Апстрим Рисерч Компани | Способ геологического моделирования с помощью основанного на гидродинамике гридинга (гидросеток) |
| US7373251B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2008-05-13 | Marathon Oil Company | Method for predicting quantitative values of a rock or fluid property in a reservoir using seismic data |
| US7826973B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-11-02 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Optimizing seismic processing and amplitude inversion utilizing statistical comparisons of seismic to well control data |
| US7957905B2 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-06-07 | Apache Corporation | Data processing method for determining acoustic velocities from acoustic well logging instruments |
| WO2009137228A2 (fr) * | 2008-05-06 | 2009-11-12 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Données de propriété de transport calculées à partir de données de propriété de roches sismiques dérivées pour une modélisation de transport |
| US7873476B2 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-01-18 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Well log correlation |
| WO2010071701A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-24 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systèmes et procédés pour l'optimisation du développement et de la gestion de réservoirs d'hydrocarbures |
| WO2010077569A1 (fr) | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-08 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Système et procédé de reconstruction de données répétitives |
| WO2010077568A1 (fr) | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-08 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Système et procédé pour effectuer des relevés répétitifs de contrôle avec des données de contrôle éparses |
| US8705317B2 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2014-04-22 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method for imaging of targeted reflectors |
| FR2989990B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-11-14 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de construction d'une diagraphie d'une propriete quantitative a partir de mesures sur echantillons et de mesures diagraphiques |
| NO20121471A1 (no) | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-09 | Roxar Software Solutions As | Fremgangsmåte og system for presentasjon av seismisk informasjon |
| RU2016103925A (ru) * | 2013-09-09 | 2017-08-11 | Лэндмарк Графикс Корпорейшн | Создание характеристик виртуального прибора для каротажа в эксплуатационных скважинах для улучшенной адаптации модели |
| US9696442B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2017-07-04 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method for estimating subsurface properties from geophysical survey data using physics-based inversion |
| CN104036119B (zh) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-05-03 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | 划分沉积地层的方法 |
| CN104297792B (zh) * | 2014-10-14 | 2017-06-23 | 成都北方石油勘探开发技术有限公司 | 一种扇上叠置水道储层的相控反演方法 |
| WO2016207341A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-12-29 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé d'étalonnage des profondeurs d'un réseau de récepteurs sismiques |
| EP3341760B1 (fr) | 2015-08-27 | 2021-12-08 | Freie Universität Berlin | Procédé de détermination de la perméabilité hydraulique de roches dans une région de subsurface |
| CN109804273B (zh) | 2016-10-06 | 2022-01-11 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 使用地震波进行井眼时移监测的方法 |
| CN116840906A (zh) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-10-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 储层物性参数预测的不确定性评价方法 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4293309A (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1981-10-06 | Stm Corporation | Method of obtaining and recording seismic and geochemical data |
| US4817062A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-03-28 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Method for estimating subsurface porosity |
| US4926394A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1990-05-15 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Monte Carlo method for estimating lithology from seismic data |
-
1993
- 1993-09-21 FR FR9311313A patent/FR2710418B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-09-19 DE DE69415142T patent/DE69415142T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-19 CN CN94190691A patent/CN1040364C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-19 JP JP50959995A patent/JP3390445B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-19 WO PCT/FR1994/001087 patent/WO1995008781A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1994-09-19 EP EP94927695A patent/EP0671017B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 CA CA002149647A patent/CA2149647C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 US US08/436,326 patent/US5638269A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-05-19 NO NO952000A patent/NO306581B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4293309A (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1981-10-06 | Stm Corporation | Method of obtaining and recording seismic and geochemical data |
| US4817062A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-03-28 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Method for estimating subsurface porosity |
| US4926394A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1990-05-15 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Monte Carlo method for estimating lithology from seismic data |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| P.M. DOYEN: "Porosity from seismic data : a geostatistical approach", GEOPHYSICS, vol. 53, no. 10, October 1988 (1988-10-01), TULSA, USA, pages 1263 - 1275 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7433786B2 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2008-10-07 | Adams Steven L | Method of estimating geological formation depths by converting interpreted seismic horizons the time domain to the depth domain |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69415142D1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
| EP0671017B1 (fr) | 1998-12-09 |
| JPH08503783A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| NO952000D0 (no) | 1995-05-19 |
| FR2710418B1 (fr) | 1995-12-15 |
| DE69415142T2 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| JP3390445B2 (ja) | 2003-03-24 |
| CA2149647A1 (fr) | 1995-03-30 |
| CA2149647C (fr) | 2005-11-08 |
| EP0671017A1 (fr) | 1995-09-13 |
| CN1040364C (zh) | 1998-10-21 |
| NO952000L (no) | 1995-07-19 |
| US5638269A (en) | 1997-06-10 |
| NO306581B1 (no) | 1999-11-22 |
| FR2710418A1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 |
| CN1114511A (zh) | 1996-01-03 |
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