WO1995013202A1 - Vehicule de chantier - Google Patents

Vehicule de chantier Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995013202A1
WO1995013202A1 PCT/JP1994/001856 JP9401856W WO9513202A1 WO 1995013202 A1 WO1995013202 A1 WO 1995013202A1 JP 9401856 W JP9401856 W JP 9401856W WO 9513202 A1 WO9513202 A1 WO 9513202A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
drive unit
axle
hydraulic pump
driving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP1994/001856
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hikosaburou Hiraki
Satoru Nishimura
Noboru Kanayama
Masayuki Moriyama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Komatsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Komatsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP30725693A external-priority patent/JPH06211061A/ja
Application filed by Komatsu Ltd filed Critical Komatsu Ltd
Priority to KR1019960702470A priority Critical patent/KR960705697A/ko
Priority to GB9609859A priority patent/GB2298622B/en
Priority to DE4498697T priority patent/DE4498697T1/de
Publication of WO1995013202A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995013202A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location or kind of gearing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0858—Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
    • E02F9/0866—Engine compartment, e.g. heat exchangers, exhaust filters, cooling devices, silencers, mufflers, position of hydraulic pumps in the engine compartment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/02—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, substantially in or parallel to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/18—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17
    • B62D21/186—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17 for building site vehicles or multi-purpose tractors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a working vehicle, and more particularly to a working vehicle improved so that running stability, running efficiency, and the overall length and width of the vehicle can be reduced.
  • an upper revolving superstructure is attached to a lower traveling structure, and a boom or an arm mounted on the upper revolving superstructure operates a work machine such as a bucket at a tip to perform a predetermined work. Is to be performed.
  • an engine is generally mounted on the upper revolving superstructure, and a hydraulic pump is driven by the engine to obtain a hydraulic pressure for a working machine and a hydraulic pressure for traveling.
  • the traveling hydraulic pressure is guided to the lower traveling body through the turning shaft, and is converted into rotational force by a hydraulic motor provided on the lower traveling body. This rotational force is transmitted to the wheel axle via a reduction gear or the like to obtain a running force.
  • an overhang frame that extends from the rear wheels is provided on the rear frame of the lower traveling structure, and a drive unit such as enojin is mounted on this frame. It has been known. Further, there is known an aerial work vehicle equipped with a telescopic fork, in which an overhang frame is provided on a side of a lower frame and a drive unit such as an engine is mounted on the overhang frame.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the drawbacks of the prior art.
  • a working vehicle having an upper revolving structure mounted on a lower traveling structure both the vehicle length and the vehicle width are reduced, and the speed of the working vehicle during high-speed traveling is reduced.
  • the purpose is to provide a work vehicle that can be driven at high speed on public roads by adopting a structure with enhanced stability.
  • a first invention of a working vehicle is characterized in that a drive unit including an engine is provided between drive shafts including a drive shaft above one of a front wheel and a rear wheel, and an engine of the drive unit is provided.
  • the center of gravity of the chassis frame is located inside the chassis frame.
  • the drive unit may have at least one of a mechanical connection and a connection via a torque converter from the engine to the axle.
  • torque converters and the like transmit power by fluid, but generally have a structure in which power is transmitted mechanically by a lock-up mechanism.
  • the drive unit is arranged at any one of a position between the front axle including the upper portion and the turning shaft portion including the vicinity, and a position between the rear axle including the upper portion and the turning shaft portion including the vicinity, and It may be inside the chassis frame.
  • the center of the engine and the center of the input shaft of the differential device may be offset from each other when viewed from above the vehicle.
  • the offset configuration may be such that the lower traveling body is divided left and right with respect to the center in the front-rear direction.
  • the drive unit may include a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic pump shaft and the hydraulic motor shaft may be offset from each other on one surface of the transmission.
  • the power transmission structure of the drive unit may be a power transmission by a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor in a low speed range, and may be a mechanical transmission from an engine to an axle in a high speed range.
  • the hydraulic pump may be a generator, and the hydraulic motor may be an electric motor.
  • the length of the drive unit can be shortened. Further, by disposing the differential device and the engine in an offset arrangement or in an axle direction opposite to the turning axis with respect to the turning axis, these interferences can be prevented to make the engine compact. Also, since the drive unit is equipped with a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump can be sent to the work equipment and other equipment to move the work equipment and the like, and can be sent to the traveling hydraulic motor to use the power. Hydraulic drive traveling can be performed.
  • the entire length of the drive unit including the hydraulic pump and the like can be shortened, and the compactness can be improved.
  • the distance between the axle on the drive unit side and the turning shaft can be reduced by arranging the swiveling shaft on the left and right sides. It will be shorter.
  • the vehicle in the low speed range, power is transmitted by the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, and in the high speed range, the vehicle has a mechanical power transmission structure from the engine to the axle, so driving efficiency can be greatly improved.
  • the center of gravity of the engine is arranged between the turning shaft portion and one of the front wheels and the rear wheels, and at least the engine and the other axle are mechanically connected.
  • a hydraulic pump connected to the drive unit, and a hydraulic motor driven by a hydraulic pump on the left and right axles on the engine side.
  • the other axle is driven by a mechanical unit.
  • the drive of the axle is performed by either the drive of the axle on the engine side by the hydraulic motor or the drive of the other axle by the drive unit of the mechanical connection.
  • a driving configuration in which the driving and the simultaneous driving are performed while being selected may be employed.
  • the hydraulic pump may be a generator and the hydraulic motor may be an electric motor.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view from the side of a working vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the arrangement relationship of the drive unit and the like of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view from the front of the lower traveling body of the first embodiment
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are main views of the drive unit of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4A is a plan view
  • FIG. 4B is a plan view
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the power train of the working vehicle according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the arrangement relationship of the drive unit and the like of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement relationship of drive units and the like according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a lower traveling body of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
  • a working vehicle in FIGS. 1 to 4B showing the first embodiment, includes a lower traveling body 10 and an upper revolving body 1 supported on a revolving shaft 36 above the lower traveling body 10. 2 and It has. Further, the upper revolving unit 12 is provided with a working machine 14, a cab 16, and the like, which are mounted so as to be able to elevate.
  • the work machine 14 includes a boom 18 supported by the upper swing body 12, an arm 20 attached to the tip of the boom 18, and a bucket attached to the tip of the arm 20. To 22 are provided.
  • the boom 18 has a configuration in which the first boom 18a and the second boom 18b are pin-connected.
  • the folded storage state of the boom 18 is set so that the amount of protrusion of the undercarriage 10 from the front and rear ends of the frame is kept small, and it is stored at a low position so as not to obstruct the driver's view. It is set as follows.
  • the first boom 18a and the second boom 18b are both formed in a bell crank shape.
  • the bent portion of the first boom 18a is attached to the upper rotating body 12 at a position slightly forward of the center of rotation by a support pin 23 so as to be able to descend.
  • One end of the first boom 18a is pivotally connected to the rear end of the second boom 18b via a hydraulic cylinder 24.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 24 operates so as to raise the second boom 18b with respect to the first boom 18a by the expansion and contraction operation.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 26 is provided for connecting the bent portion of the second boom 18b and the upper revolving unit 12 and by extending the hydraulic cylinder 26, the second boom 18b is moved to the upper revolving unit. It is supposed to operate in the upright direction with respect to 12. Therefore, the working machine 14 is configured to have a low height even in the retracted state, and is set so that the center of gravity of the working vehicle is low.
  • the present embodiment has a configuration in which the driving units i and 30 are mounted on the lower traveling body 10 that supports the upper rotating body 12. That is, the undercarriage 10 is provided with a U-shaped cross-sectional frame 34 (see FIG. 3) that encloses the engine and other basic components. Therefore, the drive unit 30 is mounted inside the U-shaped frame 34 serving as the chassis frame. In this case, the drive unit 30 is disposed between the turning shaft portion 36 penetrating the mounting surface 32 and the front wheel drive shaft 38 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In particular, the engine 40 and the transmission 42 are arranged on the front side, and the transmission 42 is connected to the rear of the vehicle.
  • a hydraulic pump 43 is arranged on the right side and a hydraulic motor 44 is arranged on the left side so as to protrude, so that the drive unit 30 is formed. This arrangement prevents the hydraulic pump 43 and the hydraulic motor 44 from interfering with the turning shaft 36 (see FIGS. 2, 4a and 4b).
  • the engine 40 is disposed so as to overlap with the front wheel drive shaft 38, thereby reducing the size of the front wheel drive shaft 38 unit.
  • an independent suspension system is used to reduce the height h of the undercarriage 10 and to reduce the distance L 1 between the turning shaft 36 and the front axle 51 and the wheel base L 2. .
  • the suspension 46 connected to the side edge flange 34a projecting from the side of the U-shaped frame 34 and the rotation from the U-shaped frame 34
  • the front axle 51 is held by a link 49 that can be connected.
  • a differential 48 and a constant velocity joint 50 are provided on the front wheel drive shaft 38 to distribute power to the left and right.
  • the differential device 48 when the differential device 48 is disposed at the center of the front wheel drive shaft 38, the differential device 48 easily interferes with the engine 40. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the differential device 48 is disposed at one of the left and right sides. In contrast to the differential 48 offset arrangement, the engine 40 is offset in the opposite direction to prevent interference between the two, and the engine 40 is arranged in an overlapping manner on the front wheel drive shaft 38. I can do it.
  • the engine 40 is located between the wheel bases L2 including the upper side of the front axle 51 of the lower traveling body 10 and has a midship arrangement.
  • the power system from this engine 40 is different from the stepped transmission with a torque converter. That is, in the power system according to the present embodiment, the low-speed traveling region of one or two stages is hydraulically driven by the hydraulic motor 44, and the high-speed traveling region of three or more stages is driven by direct transmission. I have.
  • Figure 5 shows the power train of this power section.
  • the input to the transmission 42 is performed via an output shaft 52 of the engine 40.
  • the output shaft 52 switches the gear ratio in the high-speed running range by selecting the three to five-stage switching clutch 54.
  • the output shaft 52 applies rotational power to the hydraulic pump 43 to perform a pump action.
  • This hydraulic pump 4 3 The output shaft 56 of the hydraulic motor 44 driven by the hydraulic pressure from is also the input shaft to the transmission 42.
  • the output shaft 56 changes the gear ratio in the low-speed running range by selecting the one or two-stage switching clutch unit 58. Therefore, the driving force from the planetary gear train selected by the gear switching of each stage is transmitted to the output shaft 60 from the transmission 42, and is transmitted to the front wheel drive shaft 38 from this. Since the vehicle of the present embodiment is of a four-wheel drive type, it is transmitted to the front and rear drive shafts 38, 39.
  • the space for the torque converter can be omitted, and the mounting length of the drive unit 30 can be reduced.
  • the drive unit 30 can be compactly mounted in the U-shaped frame 34.
  • the hydraulic pump 43 and the hydraulic motor 44 can also be mounted in the U-shaped frame 34 at the same time as an auxiliary machine.
  • the output of the hydraulic pump 43 is supplied through a pipe to a cylinder (not shown) of the working machine 14 including a hydraulic motor for rotating the upper revolving unit 12 in addition to the hydraulic motor 44. ing.
  • This supply is guided to the upper revolving superstructure 12 side through the inside of the revolving shaft portion 36.
  • the relatively heavy drive unit 30 such as the engine 40 and the transmission 42 is housed and mounted compactly inside the lower traveling body 10.
  • the lower traveling body 10 can have a flat upper surface. As a result, not only the effect of improving the visibility is great, but also it can be used as the lower traveling body 10 common to various types of work vehicles.
  • the center of gravity G is low, it has a structure with excellent running stability and can run on public roads at 50 km / h or more.
  • the traveling power is not taken from the upper revolving unit 12 side, but is taken directly from the drive unit 30 in the lower traveling unit 10 to reduce the running efficiency by the conventional 7 With respect to about 0%, it can be improved to 90% or more.
  • the low-speed running area is driven by the hydraulic motor 44, and the high-speed running area is connected directly to the transmission 42.
  • the traveling hydraulic pump 43 can be used for driving the revolving superstructure 12 and the work machine 14, and has an economical structure.
  • the center of gravity G of the drive unit 30 is low and the size is reduced, both the vehicle width and the vehicle length are small, and therefore, the turning radius of the lower traveling body 10 is also small. can do.
  • the drive unit 30 is disposed between the turning shaft portion 36 and the front wheel drive shaft 38, but this arrangement is based on the turning shaft portion 36 and the rear wheel drive shaft 38. It may be between the drive shaft 39.
  • FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment, in which an engine 40 and a drive unit 30 other than the engine 40 are separated, and both are connected by a propeller shaft 31.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment. Similar to the second embodiment, a drive unit 30 other than the engine 40 is arranged at the rear of the vehicle and connected to the engine 40 by a propeller shaft 31. Further, the hydraulic pump 43 and the hydraulic motor 44 are connected to the turning shaft 36 of the transmission 42. According to the configurations of the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the drive unit 30 is divided and arranged, so that the wheel base L2 can be further shortened than the first embodiment.
  • a drive unit '30 is mounted between the turning shaft portion 36 of the undercarriage 10 and the axles of the rear wheels 71, 71.
  • the drive unit 30 includes at least an engine 40, a transmission 42 and a hydraulic pump 45 connected to the engine 40. Hydraulic motors 80 and 80 driven by hydraulic pumps 45 are provided on the left and right axles on the side where the engine 40 is disposed (the rear wheels 71 and 71 sides), respectively.
  • Hydraulic motors 80 and 80 driven by hydraulic pumps 45 are provided on the left and right axles on the side where the engine 40 is disposed (the rear wheels 71 and 71 sides), respectively.
  • the drive of the left and right axles of the rear wheels 71, 71 by the hydraulic motors 80, 80 and the drive of the left and right axles of the front wheels 72, 72 by the transmission 42 are selectively or simultaneously performed. I do it.
  • the arrangement of the drive unit 30 is Although the example between the turning shaft portion 36 and the axles of the rear wheels 71, 71 has been described, it may be between the turning shaft portion 36 and the axles of the front wheels 72, 72.
  • the hydraulic motors 80, 80 are provided on the left and right axles of the front wheels 72, 72.
  • hydraulic driving is performed in a low-speed running range
  • direct driving is performed in a high-speed running range.
  • all four wheels are hydraulically driven in the low-speed range
  • two wheels are hydraulically driven and the other two wheels are direct-driven in the high-speed range.
  • a torque converter is not required, so that the length of the drive unit 30 can be reduced.
  • the hydraulic motors 80 and 80 are mounted, not only the drive shaft but also the differential device 48 and the like are not required, so that it is possible to achieve further compactness.
  • the hydraulic pump 45 may be used as a generator, and the hydraulic motors 80, 80 may be used as electric motors. The main effect in this case is the same as the effect of the present embodiment. Industrial applicability
  • the stability is extremely high due to the low center of gravity, so that high-speed traveling on public roads is possible, high traveling efficiency is obtained by driving the low-speed region and the high-speed region separately, and the torque converter and the like are omitted. Therefore, it is useful as a work vehicle that can make both the vehicle length and the vehicle size compact.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Un véhicule de chantier présente une stabilité de déplacement élevée, une longueur et une largeur réduites et il offre une vitesse de déplacement élevée sur route et une efficacité de déplacement améliorée. A cet effet, le groupe (30) motopropulseur, qui comporte un moteur (40), est disposé entre les arbres moteurs avant et arrière (38, 39) ou au-dessus de l'un d'entre eux, de façon que le centre de gravité (G) de ce moteur (40) se trouve à l'intérieur d'un chassis (34). De plus, une structure de liaison comportant au moins une liaison mécanique, s'effectuant éventuellement par un convertisseur de couple, permet de relier le moteur (40) à un essieu (51).
PCT/JP1994/001856 1993-11-12 1994-11-04 Vehicule de chantier Ceased WO1995013202A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019960702470A KR960705697A (ko) 1993-11-12 1994-11-04 작업용 차량(working vehicle)
GB9609859A GB2298622B (en) 1993-11-12 1994-11-04 Wheeled working vehicle
DE4498697T DE4498697T1 (de) 1993-11-12 1994-11-04 Arbeitsfahrzeug mit verbesserter Fahrstabilität und Leistungsfähigkeit durch die Verkürzung seiner Länge und Breite

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30725693A JPH06211061A (ja) 1992-11-13 1993-11-12 作業用車両
JP5/307256 1993-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995013202A1 true WO1995013202A1 (fr) 1995-05-18

Family

ID=17966918

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1994/001856 Ceased WO1995013202A1 (fr) 1993-11-12 1994-11-04 Vehicule de chantier

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR960705697A (fr)
DE (1) DE4498697T1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2298622B (fr)
WO (1) WO1995013202A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55138129U (fr) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-02
JPS6161228U (fr) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-24
JPS6268819U (fr) * 1985-10-21 1987-04-30
JPS63258223A (ja) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-25 Takayuki Miyao ４輪駆動装置
JPH02120556U (fr) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-28

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55138129U (fr) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-02
JPS6161228U (fr) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-24
JPS6268819U (fr) * 1985-10-21 1987-04-30
JPS63258223A (ja) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-25 Takayuki Miyao ４輪駆動装置
JPH02120556U (fr) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-28

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4498697T1 (de) 1996-12-05
GB9609859D0 (en) 1996-07-17
GB2298622B (en) 1997-10-01
KR960705697A (ko) 1996-11-08
GB2298622A (en) 1996-09-11

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