WO1995018061A1 - Treuil a moteur hydraulique notamment pour helicoptere muni d'un sonar - Google Patents
Treuil a moteur hydraulique notamment pour helicoptere muni d'un sonar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995018061A1 WO1995018061A1 PCT/FR1994/001529 FR9401529W WO9518061A1 WO 1995018061 A1 WO1995018061 A1 WO 1995018061A1 FR 9401529 W FR9401529 W FR 9401529W WO 9518061 A1 WO9518061 A1 WO 9518061A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- pipe
- motor
- winch
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/28—Other constructional details
- B66D1/40—Control devices
- B66D1/42—Control devices non-automatic
- B66D1/44—Control devices non-automatic pneumatic of hydraulic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to winches which are driven by a hydraulic motor. It applies more particularly to the winches which equip the helicopters and which in particular make it possible to immerse in the sea a so-called “hardened” sonar which is suspended at the end of the cable of the winch to be then brought back on board the helicopter.
- Helicopters are often equipped with a winch which allows them to drop and collect loads in hard-to-reach places, by hovering the helicopter.
- a very specific winch is used which allows, using an electrically-supported cable, to immerse a specialized sonar to detect the presence of a submarine. sailor, then retrieve this sonar to take measurements a little further.
- Such a mission imposes on the device used particularly severe constraints. It is indeed necessary to be able to descend and raise the sonar with a high average speed, typically 5 m per second, while protecting the cable which is relatively fragile, to avoid the loss of the sonar.
- winches are known which are designed so that the descent takes place in free fall by mechanically disengaging the motor from the cable winding drum. This process is clearly dangerous.
- the most commonly used winches currently include a hydraulic motor which makes it possible to ensure the ascent of the sonar as well as to control its descent. There is shown schematically in Figure 1 all of such a winch.
- a hydraulic motor 101 drives an endless screw 102, which itself drives a toothed wheel 103 keyed on the axis 111 of the drum on which the cable is wound and unwound.
- This worm system allows the desired reduction ratio to be obtained simply and reliably.
- it has the disadvantage of having a yield in the opposite low direction, of the order of 40%.
- this low efficiency has few drawbacks here, given the control circuits used, shown diagrammatically by the hydraulic block. 104.
- a brake 105 actuated by the hydraulic power of the block 104 or using a control handle 106 is used. This brake makes it possible to immobilize the winch outside of its periods of operation.
- FIG. 2 shows in a simplified manner the mechanical part of FIG. 1 and in more detail the hydraulic block 104.
- the load 201 of the winch is attached to the end of a cable 202 which is wound on a reel 203.
- This reel 203 is driven by the hydraulic motor 101 itself released, or blocked as the case may be, by a brake 105.
- the motor 101 is supplied from a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure P via a stop valve 204 and a 4-way servo-valve 205.
- the stop valve makes it possible to apply any the pressure at the servo-valve under the control of a pilot electro-valve 206.
- This from a low-power electrical control signal C1 applies a control pressure to the stop valve 204, which releases the main pressure.
- the valve control fluid passes through the pilot solenoid valve to return to the fluid reservoir 207 via a return R.
- This reservoir has been shown in the form of an open cover , but this representation is purely symbolic and it is actually the main hydraulic fluid tank of the helicopter, from which this fluid is pressurized and returned to the inlet P.
- the servo-valve 205 is of the known type with 4 channels with proportional control under the effect of an electrical low-power control signal C2.
- This servo-valve allows on the one hand to reverse the direction of passage of the hydraulic fluid between on one side of the circuits P and R and on the other side the two supply and discharge pipes of the engine, and on the other hand to finely regulate the quantity of hydraulic fluid admitted into the engine, and therefore the supply pressure of the latter, that is to say ultimately the power delivered to the engine as well as its speed.
- the supply pressure is applied to a pipe 208 which supplies the motor through a non-return valve 209 bypassed by a check valve. load restraint 210 whose role will be explained below.
- load restraint 210 whose role will be explained below.
- the hydraulic fluid returns to the return R via a pipe 209 then via the servo-valve 205.
- a shuttle-type valve 211 is supplied simultaneously by the pipes 208 and 209 and makes it possible to release the brake. 105 as well when the pressure is applied to the pipe 208 as on the pipe 209, thus releasing the motor for both the ascent and the descent, when this engine receives a supply pressure.
- the servo-valve 205 crosses the paths of the hydraulic fluid.
- the pressure P is applied to the pipe 209 and the motor operates in reverse, making it possible to control this descent.
- This pressure is then also applied to the valve 210, which frees the passage of the fluid back to the pipe 208 and then to the reservoir 207.
- the discharge of hydraulic fluid by the engine to the pipe 208 is blocked by the non-return valve 209 and the load holding valve 210, which very substantially blocks this engine, apart from leaks, and prevents therefore the load to descend freely on its weight.
- the hydraulic fluid passes twice through the servo-valve 205 and the operation of this engine is thus entirely controlled by this servo-valve.
- this control is superabundant which in particular increases the various hydraulic transients (shock waves, resonance, cavitation ...) and can cause jerky movements of the load during its descent.
- the hydraulic control of the engine from the pressure leads, on the one hand, to unnecessary power consumption in the helicopter, for which this power is measured, and also to unnecessary heating of the oil in the hydraulic circuit.
- the energy coming from the descent of the load is essentially dissipated at the level of the engine by heating of the oil, and moreover the pressure drop of this one between the supply and the return dissipates itself in heat, mainly by rolling at the servo valve.
- the descent of a load of the order of 250 Newtons to 5 m per second over a height of 750 m requires the use of 36 liters of fluid per minute at a pressure of 200 bars, which corresponds at a power of 12 kW which is to be dissipated.
- the volume of fluid available for this purpose being of the order of 20 I, the dissipation of this energy causes the temperature of these 20 I to rise by approximately 30 ° C.
- the invention proposes a winch with a hydraulic motor, in particular for a helicopter provided with a sonar, of the type comprising a reversible hydraulic motor for driving the winch supplied by a servo-valve as well as by a first and a second.
- supply pipes mainly characterized in that this servovalve is connected to the motor by the first pipe and that the second pipe is connected directly to the hydraulic fluid return circuit; the servo-valve allowing for the hoisting to supply the first pipe with hydraulic fluid under pressure and for the descent to connect this first pipe to the second hose to allow the hydraulic fluid to circulate in a closed circuit without pressure during this descent.
- said servo valve is a 4-way servo valve used essentially in 3 ways.
- the winch further comprises a third pipe connecting the servo-valve to the second pipe to allow the hydraulic motor to be supplied during the descent with pressurized hydraulic fluid in an amount just sufficient to avoid overheating of the fluid circulating in closed circuit.
- the drive means of the reel by the motor consist of gears having a good efficiency both in the opposite direction than in the direct direction.
- these drive means comprise a bevel gear by bevel gear followed by a planetary gear.
- the winch comprises means for additionally supplying the motor casing with pressurized hydraulic fluid with a flow rate sufficient to limit any additional overheating.
- the winch comprises an emergency electric motor connected to the hydraulic motor by a clutch controlled by a jack which engages this clutch under the effect of a lack of pressure.
- this clutch also functions as a torque limiter.
- the winch further comprises a fourth pipe connecting the first and second pipes via a pressure relief valve which makes it possible to release the discharge pressure when the winch starts to turn in reverse during the hoisting by following an accidental catching of the load.
- the winch further comprises a bypass valve which shortens the pressure relief valve when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid drops.
- FIG. 4 a detailed diagram of the control members 304 of Figure 3.
- the diagram of a winch according to the invention shown in Figure 3 is simplified under the same conditions as the diagram of Figure 1.
- the hydraulic motor 101 drives the axis 111 of. winch reel this time via a bevel gear angle bevel 302 followed by a planetary gear train 312.
- This gear system makes it possible to obtain a much better efficiency in reverse than the screw system endless of the prior art, but other reduction systems could be used which provide the same result. We will see later that this point is important for the invention.
- the axis of the hydraulic motor is also connected to an emergency electric motor 107 by means of a clutch 309 and a reduction gear 108.
- This clutch is released by a jack 310 which operates under hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic control unit 304.
- the electric motor itself comprises an electrically operated brake with lack of current 305.
- the electrical control therefore consists in sending current to the brake 305, which releases it, and to the motor 107, which causes it to rotate.
- the hydraulic motor 101 connected to the reel 203 supporting the load 201 by means of the cable 202 is supplied from the source of hydraulic fluid under pressure P by means of a stop valve 204 controlled by a solenoid valve.
- pilot 206 receiving a control signal C1.
- This pressurized fluid is applied to the engine via a servo valve 405 of the same type as the 4-way servo valve 205, but this time used as a 3-way valve. This different use is simply done at the connections on the valve.
- the clutch control 310 receives the hydraulic pressure from the stop valve 204 via a clutch solenoid valve 401 controlled by an electrical signal C3.
- This electrical signal C3 allows the electric motor to be engaged on the hydraulic motor at will, even when the pressure is established. By cons in the absence of pressure, as we have already seen, the clutch is automatic.
- the servo valve 405 crosses the hydraulic circuits under the control of the electrical signal C2. Under these conditions the hydraulic fluid under pressure is applied to an outlet of the servo-valve which is blocked for operation in 3 ways, subject to the variant described below.
- the hydraulic fluid leaving the motor 101 which rotates while being driven by the reel 203 under the traction of the cable 202, passes through the servo-valve 405 and comes back to the pipe 409 via a return pipe 402. The suction of the motor 101 prevents this fluid from returning to the tank 207.
- the fluid which thus circulates in a closed circuit is only subjected to the pressure delivered by the motor and which simply serves for the circulation of this fluid.
- the power thus dissipated is therefore very low and the power is dissipated. previously delivered by the high pressure source in pure loss.
- the descent speed can also be adjusted by controlling the opening of the servo-valve 405 more or less via the control circuit C2, which makes it possible to laminate more or less the hydraulic fluid on its return circuit.
- the cable unwinding speed was in principle imposed by the speed of rotation of the drum imposed by the motor which operated under the effect of the applied oil pressure.
- the control members were designed to impose a speed corresponding to the natural descent of the sonar under the effect of its weight.
- the invention makes it possible to eliminate this risk by obtaining a natural balance without constraint since it is the tension of the cable which drives the reel by its traction. As a result, the cable is always taut and can no longer come off.
- the tension of the cable during the descent of the sonar in the water which is approximately of the order of 250 Newtons for a speed of 5 m per second, corresponds at a power of the order of 1 kW.
- the losses in the various mechanical drive members are of the order of 0.5 kW, there remains 0.5 kW which must be dissipated in the hydraulic circuit.
- the amount of energy to be dissipated is therefore much lower than that of the prior art.
- overheating would be difficult to accept, even for a single operation.
- the invention proposes to renew the oil by using a line 403 which is connected between the outlet of the solenoid valve which was said above that it was in principle blocked, but which is therefore this - made slightly open to feed this pipe, and the pipe 409 which allows the return of the fluid in the engine when it operates as a pump during the descent.
- This supply is of course under the pressure P and to avoid excessive energy supply the flow rate is limited by preferably using a pipe of narrow section, or restriction, shown in the figure by a throttle 404.
- 2 I can be injected per minute under the pressure of 200 bars supplied by the valve 204.
- the excess oil heated in the engine is discharged on the return R.
- This oil is hot while the oil which replaces it is cold, and although it thus provides an additional power of about 700 W, it avoids overheating since the hot oil is taken up in the tank 207 from the return R.
- servo valves of this type operate not directly under the control of an electromagnet supplied by the signal C2, but by means of a small intermediate hydraulic circuit called "control flow" shown on the figure by the loop 406 between the pipe 402 and that which arrives from the valve 204.
- This loop consumes a flow rate of approximately 0.5 I of fluid which is to be taken into account in the balance sheet of the additional oil injected, and in these conditions the flow in the pipe 403 is limited to approximately 1.5 I.
- the operations which have been described so far relate to the descent of the payload (the sonar) into the water, because it is the phase which lasts the longest, approximately 3 min. However before entering the water the sonar travels the distance between the helicopter and the surface of the water. This happens very quickly, a few seconds, because the distance is short, about 20 meters, and the load is then about 800 Newtons, or 3 to 4 times more than in water. Due to the small volume of fluid used in the invention, the overheating which occurs during these few moments, and which corresponds to the dissipation of an additional power of approximately 3 KW for a few seconds, may be too great.
- the invention proposes to further increase the additional flow of oil in the engine, this time using a circuit already known elsewhere and consisting in admitting a flow of fluid through the crankcase. intermediate a pipe 410 supplied by a so-called heating electric valve 407.
- This circuit is normally used to heat the hydraulic circuit in very cold weather, hence its name.
- this solenoid valve will be actuated by a control signal C4, which will be interrupted when detecting the entry of the sonar into the water. This detection is carried out by known means since it is used for other uses in the known operation of the winch.
- a control signal C4 which will be interrupted when detecting the entry of the sonar into the water.
- This detection is carried out by known means since it is used for other uses in the known operation of the winch.
- an additional flow rate of 4 l of fluid per minute it is thus possible to limit the increase in temperature of this fluid to 30 ° C., which is entirely satisfactory.
- the power dissipated during this short instant can reach 3 kW.
- a force sensor forming part of the known means of the winch makes it possible to obtain a control signal for the opening of the electric brake 305 and of the clutch 309.
- the motor then starts to turn upside down as a pump and delivers on the pipe 408.
- a pipe 411 is used which connects the pipes 408 and 409 by means of a valve. overpressure 412, calibrated for example at 220 bars.
- this valve opens and the fluid is returned to the return, which lowers the pressure and prevents damage, in particular at the level of the servo-valve 405.
- This regime lasts in principle only the time it takes to open the servo valve to release the pressure. This opening is carried out according to the detection of the catching of the load, at the level of the control logic of the system, or as a last resort manually.
- a bypass valve 413 is used, calibrated for example at 100 bars, which short-circuits the pressure relief valve 412 and is controlled by a pipe 414 connected to the inlet of the pressure on the pipe between the valve 204 and the servo-valve 405. As the electric hoist is used as a backup because there is no more hydraulic pressure, the absence of pressure in the pipe 414 opens the valve. bypass 413, which allows the motor to flow on the return.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95905165A EP0737162B1 (fr) | 1993-12-30 | 1994-12-23 | Treuil a moteur hydraulique notamment pour helicoptere muni d'un sonar |
| CA002180004A CA2180004C (fr) | 1993-12-30 | 1994-12-23 | Treuil a moteur hydraulique notamment pour helicoptere muni d'un sonar |
| US08/666,470 US5735506A (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1994-12-23 | Winch with hydraulic motor especially for helicopter equipped with sonar |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9315883A FR2714663B1 (fr) | 1993-12-30 | 1993-12-30 | Treuil à moteur hydraulique, notamment pour hélicoptère muni d'un sonar. |
| FR93/15883 | 1993-12-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1995018061A1 true WO1995018061A1 (fr) | 1995-07-06 |
Family
ID=9454585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1994/001529 Ceased WO1995018061A1 (fr) | 1993-12-30 | 1994-12-23 | Treuil a moteur hydraulique notamment pour helicoptere muni d'un sonar |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5735506A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0737162B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2180004C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2714663B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1995018061A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI97612C (fi) * | 1995-05-19 | 1997-01-27 | Tamrock Oy | Sovitelma kallionporauslaitteen vinssin ohjaamiseksi |
| JP3508662B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2004-03-22 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | 油圧駆動ウィンチの制御方法および同装置 |
| WO2012086695A1 (fr) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-28 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Pose-tubes et procédé de chauffage pour pose-tubes |
| JP5442914B1 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社小松製作所 | パイプレイヤ |
| JP7749428B2 (ja) * | 2021-11-30 | 2025-10-06 | 株式会社技研製作所 | オーガ装置、及び作動油バイパス制御方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3380545A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1968-04-30 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Cable reel control mechanism |
| DE2459778A1 (de) * | 1974-12-18 | 1976-06-24 | Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr | Bohrgeraet |
| EP0236732A2 (fr) * | 1986-03-14 | 1987-09-16 | Albert Böcker GmbH & Co. KG | Dispositif de commande pour l'actionnement d'un treuil hydraulique pour ascenceur incliné |
| WO1989009744A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-10-19 | Imi-Barient, Inc. | Winch mecanique pour voilier |
| US4920680A (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-01 | Lindgren Peter B | Line setter method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3035414A (en) * | 1960-09-08 | 1962-05-22 | Whiting Corp | Hydraulic hoist control system |
| SE353297B (fr) * | 1971-01-28 | 1973-01-29 | Haegglund & Soener Ab | |
| US4188790A (en) * | 1974-02-21 | 1980-02-19 | A/S Bergens Mekaniske Verksteder | Hydraulic system for operation of a winch |
| US4004779A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1977-01-25 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Winch and fluid control system therefor |
| US4275870A (en) * | 1976-10-18 | 1981-06-30 | Paccar Inc. | Apparatus for controlling speed and direction of a vehicular towing winch |
| US4555092A (en) * | 1983-05-27 | 1985-11-26 | Mark Overholt | System for operation of a direct drive dual drum winch |
| FR2614598B1 (fr) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-06-09 | Thomson Csf | Bouee aeroportable largable, notamment pour ecoute sous-marine |
| FR2629787B1 (fr) * | 1988-04-12 | 1991-01-25 | Thomson Csf | Bouee sous-marine munie de moyens de stabilisation hydrodynamique et destinee a etre suspendue, notamment a un helicoptere |
| FR2637561B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-11 | 1990-11-16 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif destine a maintenir sous l'eau les engins sous-marins remorques, et procede d'utilisation |
| FR2638258B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-21 | 1991-10-31 | Thomson Csf | Mecanisme du type bras articule et antenne de sonar equipee d'un tel mecanisme |
| FR2640799B1 (fr) * | 1988-12-20 | 1990-12-21 | Thomson Csf | Mecanisme pour l'obtention d'un mouvement de translation en milieu marin et sonar equipe d'un tel mecanisme |
| FR2660144B1 (fr) * | 1990-03-23 | 1992-05-29 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de suspension pour base acoustique. |
| FR2676725B1 (fr) * | 1991-05-21 | 1998-01-09 | Thomson Csf | Treuil pour remorquage d'objets immerges. |
-
1993
- 1993-12-30 FR FR9315883A patent/FR2714663B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-12-23 US US08/666,470 patent/US5735506A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-23 WO PCT/FR1994/001529 patent/WO1995018061A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1994-12-23 EP EP95905165A patent/EP0737162B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-23 CA CA002180004A patent/CA2180004C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3380545A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1968-04-30 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Cable reel control mechanism |
| DE2459778A1 (de) * | 1974-12-18 | 1976-06-24 | Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr | Bohrgeraet |
| EP0236732A2 (fr) * | 1986-03-14 | 1987-09-16 | Albert Böcker GmbH & Co. KG | Dispositif de commande pour l'actionnement d'un treuil hydraulique pour ascenceur incliné |
| WO1989009744A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-10-19 | Imi-Barient, Inc. | Winch mecanique pour voilier |
| US4920680A (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-01 | Lindgren Peter B | Line setter method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5735506A (en) | 1998-04-07 |
| CA2180004A1 (fr) | 1995-07-06 |
| CA2180004C (fr) | 2004-11-02 |
| EP0737162B1 (fr) | 1998-05-27 |
| EP0737162A1 (fr) | 1996-10-16 |
| FR2714663B1 (fr) | 1996-01-26 |
| FR2714663A1 (fr) | 1995-07-07 |
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