WO1996015785A1 - Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions - Google Patents

Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996015785A1
WO1996015785A1 PCT/EP1995/004550 EP9504550W WO9615785A1 WO 1996015785 A1 WO1996015785 A1 WO 1996015785A1 EP 9504550 W EP9504550 W EP 9504550W WO 9615785 A1 WO9615785 A1 WO 9615785A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ondansetron
freeze
free base
dried
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1995/004550
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French (fr)
Inventor
Ian Keith Winterborn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SmithKline Beecham Corp
Original Assignee
Glaxo Wellcome Inc
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Priority to CZ971549A priority Critical patent/CZ285250B6/en
Priority to DK95940208T priority patent/DK0793495T3/en
Priority to SI9530420T priority patent/SI0793495T1/en
Priority to PL95320295A priority patent/PL181179B1/en
Priority to NZ296982A priority patent/NZ296982A/en
Priority to DE69517332T priority patent/DE69517332T2/en
Priority to BR9509808A priority patent/BR9509808A/en
Priority to EP95940208A priority patent/EP0793495B1/en
Application filed by Glaxo Wellcome Inc filed Critical Glaxo Wellcome Inc
Priority to HU9702135A priority patent/HU226891B1/en
Priority to AT95940208T priority patent/ATE193444T1/en
Priority to JP8516560A priority patent/JP3001264B2/en
Priority to AU41739/96A priority patent/AU704160B2/en
Priority to CA 2205600 priority patent/CA2205600C/en
Publication of WO1996015785A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996015785A1/en
Priority to NO972325A priority patent/NO306893B1/en
Priority to FI972167A priority patent/FI119355B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to GR20000401622T priority patent/GR3033937T3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2095—Tabletting processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/08—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for nausea, cinetosis or vertigo; Antiemetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredient, 1 ,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1 H-imidazol-1-yl)- methyl]-4H-carbazol-4-one, in particular a freeze-dried dosage form that disintegrates rapidly, for oral administration.
  • Ondansetron is a highly selective and potent antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) at 5HT 3 receptors and may be used in the treatment of a variety of conditions ameliorated by administration of 5HT 3 receptor antagonists, such as emesis (as described in European Patent Application Publication Nos. 226266 and 201165) and anxiety.
  • 5HT 3 receptor antagonists such as emesis (as described in European Patent Application Publication Nos. 226266 and 201165) and anxiety.
  • ondansetron for the treatment of emesis, particularly the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy and that occurring post-operatively.
  • ondansetron has always been administered in the form of a salt, in particular in the form of its hydrochloride dihydrate, either by injection or orally.
  • Oral administration in the form of a conventional tablet, pill or capsule constitutes the generally preferred route for administration of pharmaceuticals since this route is generally convenient and acceptable to patients.
  • compositions may be associated with certain disadvantages, particularly in the treatment of aediatric or geriatric patients, who may dislike or have difficulty in swallowing such compositions, or where administration of a conventional tablet, pill or capsule is not feasible.
  • compositions have a rapid and consistent onset of action combined with sustained activity and good bioavailability. Rapid absorption can be achieved by parenteral injection but this is unacceptable to some patients, particularly if the drug is to be administered without direct medical supervision, i.e. self- administered.
  • ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate in common with many drug substances has, however, an inherently bitter taste, and this constitutes a disadvantage for a solid dosage form that disintegrates rapidly in the mouth.
  • patients may not complete a necessary course of medicine if they are prescribed an oral presentation which is particularly unpleasant to taste.
  • bitter taste may be masked by the use of sweetening and/or flavouring aids, although this is not entirely satisfactory, and an unpleasant after-taste may still remain in the mouth.
  • sweetening and/or flavouring aids may be used in which it is undesirable or inappropriate to use a sweetening and/or flavouring aid.
  • a freeze-dried dosage form that disintegrates rapidly in the mouth, comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base provides a particularly advantageous pharmaceutical composition.
  • the present invention therefore provides in a first aspect a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • tapidly disintegrated is meant that the dosage forms are disintegrated in water within ten seconds when tested by the procedure disclosed in UK Patent No. 1548022. Preferably the dosage forms disintegrate within 5 seconds, or less.
  • freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise ondansetron in the form of its free base.
  • ondansetron contains one chiral centre (shown by * in the formula (I)) and that ondansetron therefore exists in the form of optical isomers (i.e. enantiomers).
  • the invention includes all isomers of ondansetron and its pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, including all tautomeric and optical forms, and mixtures thereof, including racemic mixtures.
  • ondansetron expressed as free base, may comprise 0.1 to 10% weight by weight (w/w) of the composition, such as 1 to 5% w w, preferably 2.5 to 4% w/w, for example about 3.2% w/w.
  • the amount of ondansetron in the freeze-dried dosage form is conveniently in the range 0.1 to 100mg, such as 0.5 to 50mg, preferably 1 to 25mg, such as 4 or 8mg.
  • freeze-dried dosage forms of the invention are, surprisingly, free of the bitter taste associated with corresponding compositions comprising ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate.
  • the freeze-dried dosage form may comprise a network of pharmaceutically acceptable water soluble or water- dispersible earner material, conveniently as described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above, for example, in UK Patent No 1548022.
  • Suitable materials to act as a carrier material include, for example, gelatin (including partially hydrolysed gelatin), polysaccharides such as hydrolysed dextran, dextrin and alginates (e.g. sodium alginate) or mixtures of the above mentioned carriers with each other with other carrier materials such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidine or acacia.
  • excipients which may also be employed in the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention include preservatives, flavouring aids, colouring aids, sweeteners, fillers, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable preservatives include one or more alkyl hydroxybenzoates or salts thereof, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and/or butyl hydroxybenzoates; sorbic acid or a salt thereof; benzoic acid or a salt thereof; and mixtures thereof.
  • the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise methyl- and propyl hydroxybenzoates, as their sodium salts.
  • Suitable flavouring aids include strawberry, cherry, mint and caramel flavouring aids, in particular strawberry flavouring aid.
  • Suitable sweeteners include, for example, sugars such as sucrose, lactose and glucose; cyclamate and salts thereof; saccharin and salts thereof; and aspartame.
  • sugars such as sucrose, lactose and glucose
  • cyclamate and salts thereof such as sucrose, lactose and glucose
  • saccharin and salts thereof such as saccharin and salts thereof
  • aspartame Preferably the sweetener of the freeze-dried dosage form of the invention is aspartame.
  • Suitable fillers include polyhydric alcohols, such as mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol, or mixtures thereof, which improve the physical properties of the freeze-dried dosage form.
  • the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise mannitol. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that freeze-dried dosage forms capable of being disintegrated rapidly may be prepared by methods known in the art as, for example, described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above.
  • an aqueous composition of the components is prepared, poured into suitable moulds, frozen, and then sealed with a covering sheet adhered to the mould so as to enclose the dosage form.
  • the dosage forms are packed in a double foil peel-back pack.
  • the weight of aqueous composition poured into a mould is conveniently in the range 50 to 750mg, such as 100 to 500mg, for example 125 or 250mg.
  • the invention provides a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being disintegrated rapidly comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base, gelatin, sodium methylhydroxybenzoate, sodium propylhydroxybenzoate, strawberry flavouring aid, aspartame, and mannitol.
  • the invention provides a freeze-dried dosage form wherein the wet fill weight is 125 or 250mg.
  • a freeze-dried dosage form wherein the amount of ondansetron is in the range 1 to 25mg, such as 4 or 8mg. is especially preferred.
  • the invention provides a method of treating a mammal, including man, suffering from a condition mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT 3 receptors, which comprises administration of a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • Conditions mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT 3 receptors include emesis; cognitive disorders such as dementia, particularly degenerative dementia (including senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), and vascular dementia (including multi-infarct dementia), as well as dementia associated with intracranial space occupying lesions, trauma, infections and related conditions (including HIV infection), metabolism, toxins, anoxia and vitamin deficiency; and mild cognitive impairment associated with ageing, particularly Age Associated Memory Impairment; psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia and mania; anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, simple phobia, obsessive compulsive disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, mixed anxiety and depression, and generalised anxiety disorder; irritable bowel syndrome and dependency on drugs and substances of abuse.
  • cognitive disorders such as dementia, particularly degenerative dementia (including senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's
  • pruritis particularly that induced by cholestasis; gastric stasis; symptoms of gastrointestinal dysfunction such as occur with peptic ulcer, reflux oesophagitis, flatulence and dyspepsia; migraine; obesity and conditions such as bulimia; pain; and depression.
  • Emesis i.e. nausea, retching and vomiting, includes acute emesis, delayed emesis and anticipatory emesis.
  • Ondansetron is useful in the treatment of emesis however induced.
  • emesis may be induced by drugs such as cancer chemotherapeutic agents such as alkylating agents, e.g. cyclophosphamide, carmustine, lomustine and chlorambucil; cytotoxic antibiotics, e.g. dactinomycin, doxorubicin, mitomycin-C and bleomycin; anti- metabolites, e.g.
  • cytarabine methotrexate and 5- fluorouracil
  • vinca alkaloids e.g. etoposide, vinblastine and vincristine
  • others such as cisplatin, dacarbazine, procarbazine and hydroxyurea; and combinations thereof
  • radiation sickness e.g. irradiation of the thorax or abdomen, such as in the treatment of cancer; poisons; toxins such as toxins caused by metabolic disorders or by infection, e.g.
  • gastritis or released during bacterial or viral gastrointestinal infection; pregnancy; vestibular disorders, such as motion sickness, vertigo, dizziness and Meniere's disease; post-operative sickness; gastrointestinal obstruction; reduced gastrointestinal motility; visceral pain, e.g. myocardial infarction or peritonitis; migraine; increased intercranial pressure; decreased intercranial pressure (e.g. altitude sickness); opioid analgesics, such as morphine; and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, acid indigestion, over ⁇ indulgence of food or drink, acid stomach, sour stomach, waterbrash/regurgitation, heartburn, such as episodic heartburn, nocturnal heartburn, and meal-induced heartburn and dyspepsia.
  • vestibular disorders such as motion sickness, vertigo, dizziness and Meniere's disease
  • gastrointestinal obstruction reduced gastrointestinal motility
  • visceral pain e.g. myocardial infarction or peritonitis
  • migraine e.g
  • freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention have particular utility for the treatment of emesis, particularly that associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but also that occurring post-operatively.
  • the precise therapeutic dose of the active ingredient will depend on the age and condition of the patient and the nature of the condition to be treated and will be at the ultimate discretion of the attendant physician.
  • effective doses for the treatment of conditions mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT 3 receptors will lie in the range of 0.05 to 100mg, such as 0.1 to 50mg, preferably 0.5 to 25mg, for example 4, 8 or 16mg of the active ingredient per unit dose, which could be administered in single or divided doses, for example, 1 to 4 times per day.
  • 0.05 to 100mg such as 0.1 to 50mg, preferably 0.5 to 25mg, for example 4, 8 or 16mg of the active ingredient per unit dose, which could be administered in single or divided doses, for example, 1 to 4 times per day.
  • compositions are mixed together as, for example, described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above.
  • the suspension is then poured into blister moulds.
  • the fill weight is 125mg; for 8mg unit doses the fill weight is 250mg.
  • the suspension is frozen, freeze-dried, and then sealed with a covering sheet adhered to the mould, as for example described in the patents incorporated herein by reference.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated in the mouth comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Methods for the manufacture of such compositions and for their use in the treatment of conditions mediated through the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) at 5HT3 receptors are also described.

Description

FREEZE DRIED ONDANSETRON COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredient, 1 ,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1 H-imidazol-1-yl)- methyl]-4H-carbazol-4-one, in particular a freeze-dried dosage form that disintegrates rapidly, for oral administration.
In UK Patent No. 2153821 B we disclose, inter alia, 1, 2, 3, 9-tetrahydro-9- methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1 H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-4H-carbazol- -one, now known as ondansetron, which may be represented by the formula (I)
Figure imgf000003_0001
and physiologically acceptable salts, solvates and physiologically acceptable equivalents thereof.
Ondansetron is a highly selective and potent antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) at 5HT3 receptors and may be used in the treatment of a variety of conditions ameliorated by administration of 5HT3 receptor antagonists, such as emesis (as described in European Patent Application Publication Nos. 226266 and 201165) and anxiety.
Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ondansetron for the treatment of emesis, particularly the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy and that occurring post-operatively. Hitherto, ondansetron has always been administered in the form of a salt, in particular in the form of its hydrochloride dihydrate, either by injection or orally. Oral administration in the form of a conventional tablet, pill or capsule constitutes the generally preferred route for administration of pharmaceuticals since this route is generally convenient and acceptable to patients. Unfortunately such compositions may be associated with certain disadvantages, particularly in the treatment of aediatric or geriatric patients, who may dislike or have difficulty in swallowing such compositions, or where administration of a conventional tablet, pill or capsule is not feasible. It is highly desirable, particularly in the treatment of acute conditions, that pharmaceutical compositions have a rapid and consistent onset of action combined with sustained activity and good bioavailability. Rapid absorption can be achieved by parenteral injection but this is unacceptable to some patients, particularly if the drug is to be administered without direct medical supervision, i.e. self- administered.
One way to overcome this problem is to administer a solid dosage form that disintegrates rapidly in the mouth, such as a freeze-dried solid dosage form, for example as described in UK Patent Nos. 1548022, 2111423, 2119246, 2114440, 2111184, 2120370, and US Patent Nos. 5046618 and 5188825, all incorporated herein by reference.
We have found that ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate, in common with many drug substances has, however, an inherently bitter taste, and this constitutes a disadvantage for a solid dosage form that disintegrates rapidly in the mouth. Moreover, it is well known that patients may not complete a necessary course of medicine if they are prescribed an oral presentation which is particularly unpleasant to taste. To some extent the bitter taste may be masked by the use of sweetening and/or flavouring aids, although this is not entirely satisfactory, and an unpleasant after-taste may still remain in the mouth. In addition, there may be circumstances in which it is undesirable or inappropriate to use a sweetening and/or flavouring aid.
We have now found, surprisingly, that a freeze-dried dosage form that disintegrates rapidly in the mouth, comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base, provides a particularly advantageous pharmaceutical composition. The present invention therefore provides in a first aspect a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
By tapidly disintegrated" is meant that the dosage forms are disintegrated in water within ten seconds when tested by the procedure disclosed in UK Patent No. 1548022. Preferably the dosage forms disintegrate within 5 seconds, or less.
Preferably the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise ondansetron in the form of its free base.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that ondansetron contains one chiral centre (shown by * in the formula (I)) and that ondansetron therefore exists in the form of optical isomers (i.e. enantiomers). The invention includes all isomers of ondansetron and its pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, including all tautomeric and optical forms, and mixtures thereof, including racemic mixtures.
Conveniently ondansetron, expressed as free base, may comprise 0.1 to 10% weight by weight (w/w) of the composition, such as 1 to 5% w w, preferably 2.5 to 4% w/w, for example about 3.2% w/w.
The amount of ondansetron in the freeze-dried dosage form, expressed as free base, is conveniently in the range 0.1 to 100mg, such as 0.5 to 50mg, preferably 1 to 25mg, such as 4 or 8mg.
The freeze-dried dosage forms of the invention are, surprisingly, free of the bitter taste associated with corresponding compositions comprising ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate. To be capable of being disintegrated rapidly, the freeze-dried dosage form may comprise a network of pharmaceutically acceptable water soluble or water- dispersible earner material, conveniently as described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above, for example, in UK Patent No 1548022. Suitable materials to act as a carrier material include, for example, gelatin (including partially hydrolysed gelatin), polysaccharides such as hydrolysed dextran, dextrin and alginates (e.g. sodium alginate) or mixtures of the above mentioned carriers with each other with other carrier materials such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidine or acacia.
Conventional excipients which may also be employed in the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention include preservatives, flavouring aids, colouring aids, sweeteners, fillers, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable preservatives include one or more alkyl hydroxybenzoates or salts thereof, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and/or butyl hydroxybenzoates; sorbic acid or a salt thereof; benzoic acid or a salt thereof; and mixtures thereof. Preferably the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise methyl- and propyl hydroxybenzoates, as their sodium salts.
Suitable flavouring aids include strawberry, cherry, mint and caramel flavouring aids, in particular strawberry flavouring aid.
Suitable sweeteners include, for example, sugars such as sucrose, lactose and glucose; cyclamate and salts thereof; saccharin and salts thereof; and aspartame. Preferably the sweetener of the freeze-dried dosage form of the invention is aspartame.
Suitable fillers include polyhydric alcohols, such as mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol, or mixtures thereof, which improve the physical properties of the freeze-dried dosage form. Preferably the freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention comprise mannitol. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that freeze-dried dosage forms capable of being disintegrated rapidly may be prepared by methods known in the art as, for example, described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above.
It will be further appreciated by those skilled in the art that the patents incorporated herein by reference above disclose suitable methods of packing the freeze-dried dosage forms of the invention.
Conveniently an aqueous composition of the components is prepared, poured into suitable moulds, frozen, and then sealed with a covering sheet adhered to the mould so as to enclose the dosage form. Preferably the dosage forms are packed in a double foil peel-back pack.
The weight of aqueous composition poured into a mould (the wet fill weight) is conveniently in the range 50 to 750mg, such as 100 to 500mg, for example 125 or 250mg.
In a further preferred aspect, the invention provides a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being disintegrated rapidly comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base, gelatin, sodium methylhydroxybenzoate, sodium propylhydroxybenzoate, strawberry flavouring aid, aspartame, and mannitol.
In a yet further preferred aspect, the invention provides a freeze-dried dosage form wherein the wet fill weight is 125 or 250mg.
Within the above preferred aspects of the invention, a freeze-dried dosage form, wherein the amount of ondansetron is in the range 1 to 25mg, such as 4 or 8mg. is especially preferred.
In a further aspect the invention provides a method of treating a mammal, including man, suffering from a condition mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT3 receptors, which comprises administration of a freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. It will be appreciated that reference to treatment is intended to include prophylaxis as well as the alleviation of established symptoms.
Conditions mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT3 receptors include emesis; cognitive disorders such as dementia, particularly degenerative dementia (including senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), and vascular dementia (including multi-infarct dementia), as well as dementia associated with intracranial space occupying lesions, trauma, infections and related conditions (including HIV infection), metabolism, toxins, anoxia and vitamin deficiency; and mild cognitive impairment associated with ageing, particularly Age Associated Memory Impairment; psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia and mania; anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, simple phobia, obsessive compulsive disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, mixed anxiety and depression, and generalised anxiety disorder; irritable bowel syndrome and dependency on drugs and substances of abuse. Other conditions mediated in this manner include pruritis, particularly that induced by cholestasis; gastric stasis; symptoms of gastrointestinal dysfunction such as occur with peptic ulcer, reflux oesophagitis, flatulence and dyspepsia; migraine; obesity and conditions such as bulimia; pain; and depression.
Emesis, i.e. nausea, retching and vomiting, includes acute emesis, delayed emesis and anticipatory emesis. Ondansetron is useful in the treatment of emesis however induced. For example, emesis may be induced by drugs such as cancer chemotherapeutic agents such as alkylating agents, e.g. cyclophosphamide, carmustine, lomustine and chlorambucil; cytotoxic antibiotics, e.g. dactinomycin, doxorubicin, mitomycin-C and bleomycin; anti- metabolites, e.g. cytarabine, methotrexate and 5- fluorouracil; vinca alkaloids, e.g. etoposide, vinblastine and vincristine; and others such as cisplatin, dacarbazine, procarbazine and hydroxyurea; and combinations thereof; radiation sickness; radiation therapy, e.g. irradiation of the thorax or abdomen, such as in the treatment of cancer; poisons; toxins such as toxins caused by metabolic disorders or by infection, e.g. gastritis, or released during bacterial or viral gastrointestinal infection; pregnancy; vestibular disorders, such as motion sickness, vertigo, dizziness and Meniere's disease; post-operative sickness; gastrointestinal obstruction; reduced gastrointestinal motility; visceral pain, e.g. myocardial infarction or peritonitis; migraine; increased intercranial pressure; decreased intercranial pressure (e.g. altitude sickness); opioid analgesics, such as morphine; and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, acid indigestion, over¬ indulgence of food or drink, acid stomach, sour stomach, waterbrash/regurgitation, heartburn, such as episodic heartburn, nocturnal heartburn, and meal-induced heartburn and dyspepsia.
The freeze-dried dosage forms according to the invention have particular utility for the treatment of emesis, particularly that associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but also that occurring post-operatively.
It will be appreciated that the precise therapeutic dose of the active ingredient will depend on the age and condition of the patient and the nature of the condition to be treated and will be at the ultimate discretion of the attendant physician.
However, in general, effective doses for the treatment of conditions mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT3 receptors, for example emesis, will lie in the range of 0.05 to 100mg, such as 0.1 to 50mg, preferably 0.5 to 25mg, for example 4, 8 or 16mg of the active ingredient per unit dose, which could be administered in single or divided doses, for example, 1 to 4 times per day. The following non-limiting examples further illustrate the invention.
Example 1
125mα 250mα % w/w
Ondansetron Base 4.0 8.0 3.2 Gelatin Pharm Eur/USP 5.0 10.0 4.00 Mannitol Phar Eur/USP 3.75 7.5 3.00 Aspartame USNF 0.625 1.25 0.50 Strawberry Flavouring Aid 0J25 0.25 0J Sodium Methylhydroxybenzoate 0.0555 0J 11 0.0444 Sodium Propylhydroxybenzoate 0.0070 0.014 0.0056 Purified Water Pharm Eur/USP qs to 125.0* qs to 250.0* qs to 100.0*
* The water is removed during the freeze-drying process.
The components of the composition are mixed together as, for example, described in the patents incorporated herein by reference above.
The suspension is then poured into blister moulds. For 4mg unit doses, the fill weight is 125mg; for 8mg unit doses the fill weight is 250mg. The suspension is frozen, freeze-dried, and then sealed with a covering sheet adhered to the mould, as for example described in the patents incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

Claims
1. A freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration capable of being rapidly disintegrated comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
2. A composition according to claim 1 comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base.
3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein ondansetron, expressed as free base, comprises 0.1 to 10% w/w of the composition.
4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the amount of ondansetron, expressed as free base, is in the range 0J to 100mg.
5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising ondansetron in the form of its free base, gelatin, sodium methylhydroxybenzoate, sodium propylhydroxybenzoate, strawberry flavouring aid, aspartame, and mannitol.
6. A method of treating a mammal, including man, suffering from a condition mediated through the action of 5HT at 5HT3 receptors, which comprises administration of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method according to claim 6 for the treatment of emesis.
PCT/EP1995/004550 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions Ceased WO1996015785A1 (en)

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CA 2205600 CA2205600C (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
DK95940208T DK0793495T3 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron preparations
SI9530420T SI0793495T1 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
PL95320295A PL181179B1 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Lyophilised ondansetrone containing compostions
NZ296982A NZ296982A (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze dried ondansetron composition
DE69517332T DE69517332T2 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 FREEZE DRIED ONDANSETRON PREPARATIONS
BR9509808A BR9509808A (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried dosage form for oral administration and process for treating a mammal
EP95940208A EP0793495B1 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
HU9702135A HU226891B1 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
CZ971549A CZ285250B6 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Lyophilized pharmaceutical preparation for oral administration
AU41739/96A AU704160B2 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
JP8516560A JP3001264B2 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 Lyophilized ondansetron composition
AT95940208T ATE193444T1 (en) 1994-11-22 1995-11-20 FREEZE-DRIED ONDANSETRON PREPARATIONS
FI972167A FI119355B (en) 1994-11-22 1997-05-21 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions
NO972325A NO306893B1 (en) 1994-11-22 1997-05-21 Freeze-dried dosage form of ondansetron mixture and use thereof
GR20000401622T GR3033937T3 (en) 1994-11-22 2000-07-12 Freeze-dried ondansetron compositions

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