WO1996021408A3 - Disposable diaper with waist bolster - Google Patents

Disposable diaper with waist bolster Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996021408A3
WO1996021408A3 PCT/US1996/000085 US9600085W WO9621408A3 WO 1996021408 A3 WO1996021408 A3 WO 1996021408A3 US 9600085 W US9600085 W US 9600085W WO 9621408 A3 WO9621408 A3 WO 9621408A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
absorbent article
waist
bolstering
absorbent
waist regions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/000085
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1996021408A2 (en
Inventor
Gary Dean Lavon
Margaret Henderson Hasse
Gerald Alfred Young
Bret Darren Seitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23461672&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1996021408(A3) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to KR1019970704671A priority Critical patent/KR100244613B1/en
Priority to DK96907000T priority patent/DK0802776T3/en
Priority to DE69603701T priority patent/DE69603701T2/en
Priority to AU50195/96A priority patent/AU5019596A/en
Priority to CA002208424A priority patent/CA2208424C/en
Priority to EP96907000A priority patent/EP0802776B2/en
Priority to JP52172696A priority patent/JP3205342B2/en
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Priority to BR9606739A priority patent/BR9606739A/en
Priority to HK98103495.7A priority patent/HK1004106B/en
Publication of WO1996021408A2 publication Critical patent/WO1996021408A2/en
Publication of WO1996021408A3 publication Critical patent/WO1996021408A3/en
Priority to MXPA/A/1997/005096A priority patent/MXPA97005096A/en
Priority to FI972912A priority patent/FI972912A7/en
Priority to NO973182A priority patent/NO973182L/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to GR990402425T priority patent/GR3031324T3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
    • A61F13/494—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies characterised by edge leakage prevention means
    • A61F13/49466—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means being at the waist region
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
    • A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
    • A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/49011—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
    • A61F13/49012—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region the elastic means being elastic panels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
    • A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
    • A61F13/53713—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in the vertical direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
    • A61F13/5376—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the performance of the layer, e.g. acquisition rate, distribution time, transfer time
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/5622—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like
    • A61F13/565—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like pants type diaper
    • A61F13/5655—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like pants type diaper adjustable pants type diapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/425—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15365—Dimensions
    • A61F2013/1539—Dimensions being expandable

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Absorbent articles are provided having a bolstering waist feature. In its preferred embodiment, the bolstering waist feature expands upon exposure to aqueous body liquids effectively tightening the diaper by stretching of the waist regions of the absorbent article. There is a resulting increase in the contractive forces in the band of lateral tension in the waist regions of the absorbent article with a corresponding reduction in the risk of waist leakage. The bolstering waist feature further provides a member resisting longitudinal bending in the waist regions of the absorbent article, particularly adjacent to a wearer's belly. This member can also act as a 'strut' resisting the forces, such as those due to gravity, which tend to cause an absorbent article to slide downward. The absorbent article is additionally provided with an absorbent core comprising at least a redistribution component that is preferably capable of redistributing aqueous body liquids from the crotch region to the waist regions of the absorbent article. The redistribution component is in effective fluid communication with the bolstering waist feature.
PCT/US1996/000085 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Disposable diaper with waist bolster Ceased WO1996021408A2 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HK98103495.7A HK1004106B (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature
BR9606739A BR9606739A (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent item to fit around a user
DE69603701T DE69603701T2 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 TOWING DIAPER WITH WAIST PAD
AU50195/96A AU5019596A (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature
CA002208424A CA2208424C (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature
EP96907000A EP0802776B2 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature
JP52172696A JP3205342B2 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorber with bolster waist
KR1019970704671A KR100244613B1 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature
DK96907000T DK0802776T3 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Absorbent article with support fabric
MXPA/A/1997/005096A MXPA97005096A (en) 1995-01-10 1997-07-07 Absorbent article with ap waist characteristics
NO973182A NO973182L (en) 1995-01-10 1997-07-09 Absorbent object with padding
FI972912A FI972912A7 (en) 1995-01-10 1997-07-09 Absorbent product with soft taper
GR990402425T GR3031324T3 (en) 1995-01-10 1999-09-24 Absorbent article with bolstering waist feature

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37090695A 1995-01-10 1995-01-10
US08/370,906 1995-01-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996021408A2 WO1996021408A2 (en) 1996-07-18
WO1996021408A3 true WO1996021408A3 (en) 1996-09-12

Family

ID=23461672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/000085 Ceased WO1996021408A2 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-11 Disposable diaper with waist bolster

Country Status (24)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0802776B2 (en)
JP (1) JP3205342B2 (en)
KR (2) KR100244613B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1176591A (en)
AR (1) AR000700A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE183069T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5019596A (en)
BR (1) BR9606739A (en)
CA (1) CA2208424C (en)
CO (1) CO4650272A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ210797A3 (en)
DE (1) DE69603701T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0802776T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2134600T3 (en)
FI (1) FI972912A7 (en)
GR (1) GR3031324T3 (en)
HU (1) HUP9802065A2 (en)
MY (1) MY113573A (en)
NO (1) NO973182L (en)
PE (1) PE8897A1 (en)
TR (1) TR199700620T1 (en)
TW (1) TW374314U (en)
WO (1) WO1996021408A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA96135B (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100308866B1 (en) * 1999-09-03 2001-09-26 김상은 The method making envelop for flower packing
JP4515802B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2010-08-04 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Wearing article having waist fastening means
US20070293832A1 (en) 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Absorbent article with waist seal and method of manufacturing
NZ609001A (en) * 2010-09-16 2015-07-31 Dsg Technology Holdings Ltd Article with elastic distribution and system and method for making same
US9248056B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2016-02-02 Fameccanica.Data S.P.A. Pant-type diaper and corresponding manufacturing process and apparatus
KR101395861B1 (en) * 2012-09-18 2014-05-15 김종복 Automatic manufacturing apparatus for band type inside sheet of file
US9820896B2 (en) 2013-06-27 2017-11-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Wearable absorbent article with robust feeling waistband structure
KR101971705B1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-04-25 (주)휴플러스 Appatatus of binder with printing part
CN119214869B (en) * 2024-12-03 2025-02-25 维达纸业(浙江)有限公司 Ultrathin core paper diaper and production method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2589047A1 (en) * 1985-10-25 1987-04-30 Boisson Claire Disposable absorbent nappies with a fixed, reinforced absorption zone, which zone is different according to the sex of the wearer
EP0352207A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-24 CELATOSE Société anonyme dite: Diaper
EP0443082A1 (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-08-28 Kao Corporation Disposable diapers
EP0532035A2 (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Growth adjustable absorbent article
EP0689815A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Disposable absorbent article with improved waist containment and gasketing

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5268224A (en) † 1991-08-12 1993-12-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent foam materials for aqueous body fluids and absorbent articles containing such materials
TW246682B (en) † 1991-08-12 1995-05-01 Procter & Gamble
US5311516A (en) † 1992-05-29 1994-05-10 Motorola, Inc. Paging system using message fragmentation to redistribute traffic
JPH0699690A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-04-12 Maruzen Kk Manufacturing device of plastic file

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2589047A1 (en) * 1985-10-25 1987-04-30 Boisson Claire Disposable absorbent nappies with a fixed, reinforced absorption zone, which zone is different according to the sex of the wearer
EP0352207A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-24 CELATOSE Société anonyme dite: Diaper
EP0443082A1 (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-08-28 Kao Corporation Disposable diapers
EP0532035A2 (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Growth adjustable absorbent article
EP0689815A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Disposable absorbent article with improved waist containment and gasketing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9606739A (en) 1997-12-30
PE8897A1 (en) 1997-05-05
AU5019596A (en) 1996-07-31
HK1004106A1 (en) 1998-11-20
NO973182L (en) 1997-09-10
FI972912A7 (en) 1997-09-09
WO1996021408A2 (en) 1996-07-18
EP0802776B2 (en) 2005-01-26
GR3031324T3 (en) 1999-12-31
AR000700A1 (en) 1997-08-06
TR199700620T1 (en) 1998-01-21
EP0802776B1 (en) 1999-08-11
DE69603701T2 (en) 2000-03-16
CO4650272A1 (en) 1998-09-03
KR100244613B1 (en) 2000-02-15
ATE183069T1 (en) 1999-08-15
NO973182D0 (en) 1997-07-09
FI972912A0 (en) 1997-07-09
CN1176591A (en) 1998-03-18
KR19990046157A (en) 1999-07-05
DE69603701D1 (en) 1999-09-16
JPH10512164A (en) 1998-11-24
CZ210797A3 (en) 1998-01-14
ES2134600T3 (en) 1999-10-01
CA2208424A1 (en) 1996-07-18
MY113573A (en) 2002-04-30
EP0802776A2 (en) 1997-10-29
TW374314U (en) 1999-11-11
MX9705096A (en) 1997-10-31
KR19980701282A (en) 1998-05-15
ZA96135B (en) 1996-07-30
DK0802776T3 (en) 1999-12-13
JP3205342B2 (en) 2001-09-04
HUP9802065A2 (en) 1999-03-29
CA2208424C (en) 2001-04-24

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