WO1996038478A1

WO1996038478A1 - New dna molecules

Info

Publication number: WO1996038478A1
Application number: PCT/SE1996/000319
Authority: WO
Inventors: Meenakshi Balganesh; Umender Sharma
Original assignee: Astra AB
Current assignee: AstraZeneca AB
Priority date: 1995-05-30
Filing date: 1996-03-12
Publication date: 1996-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 1997-11-30
Also published as: CN1201465A; AU5018496A; EP0832116A1; DE69637684D1; EP0832116B1; JP2000503525A; ES2313725T3; ATE408621T1

Abstract

The present invention provides novel nucleic acid molecules coding for sigma subunits of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase. It also relates to polypeptides, referred to as SigA and SigB, encoded by such nucleic acid molecules, as well as to vectors and host cells transformed with the said nucleic acid molecules. The invention further provides screening assays for compounds which inhibit the interaction between a sigma subunit and a core RNA polymerase.

Description

NEW DNA MOLECULES

TECHNICAL HELD

BACKGROUND ART

Transcription of genes to the corresponding RNA molecules is a complex process which is catalyzed by DNA dependent RNA polymerase, and involves many different protein factors. In eubacteria, the core RNA polymerase is composed of α, β, and β' subunits in the ratio 2:1:1. To direct RNA polymerase to promoters of specific genes to be transcribed, bacteria produce a variety of proteins, known as sigma (σ) factors, which interact with RNA polymerase to form an active holoenzyme. The resulting complexes are able to recognize and attach to selected nucleotide sequences in promoters.

Physical measurements have shown that the sigma subunit induces conformational transition upon binding to the core RNA polymerase. Binding of the sigma subunit to the core enzyme increases the binding constant of the core enzyme for DNA by several orders of magnitude (Chamberlin, M.J. (1974) Ann. Rev. Biochem. 43, 721-). Characterisation of sigma subunits, identified and sequenced from various organisms, allows them to be classified into two broad categories; Group I and Group II. The Group I sigma has also been referred to as the sigma⁷⁰ class, or the "house keeping" sigma group. Sigma subunits belonging to this group recognise similar promoter sequences in the cell. These properties are reflected in certain regions of the proteins which are highly conserved between species.

Bacterial sigma factors do not have any homology with eukaryotic transcription factors, and are consequently a potential target for antibacterial compounds. Mutations in the sigma subunit, effecting its association and ability to confer DNA sequence specificity to the enzyme, are known to be lethal to the cell.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major pulmonary pathogen which is characterized by its very slow growth rate. As a pathogen it gains access to alveolar macrophages where it multiplies within the phagosome, finally lysing the cells and being disseminated through the blood stream, not only to other areas of the lung, but also to extrapulmonary tissues. Thus the pathogen multiplies in at least two entirely different environments, which would involve the utilisation of different nutrients and a variety of possible host factors; a successful infection would thus involve the coordinated expression of new sets of genes. This regulation would resemble different physiological stages, as best exemplified by Bacillus, in which the expression of genes specific for different stages are transcribed by RNA polymerases associating with different sigma factors. This provides the possibility of targeting not only the house keeping sigma of M. tuberculosis, but also sigma subunits specific for the different stages of infection and dissemination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1: Map of plasmid pARC 8175 Fig. 2: Map of plasmid pARC 8176

PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION

Since the association to a specific sigma subunit is essential for the specificity of RNA polymerase, this process of association is a suitable target for drug design. In order to identify compounds capable of inhibiting the said association process, the identification of the primary structures of sigma subunits is desirable.

It is thus the purpose of the invention to provide information on sequences and structure of sigma subunits, which information will enable the screening, identification and design of compounds competing with the sigma subunit for binding to the core RNA polymerase, which compounds may be developed into effective therapeutic agents.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Throughout this description and in particular in the following examples, the terms "standard protocols" and "standard procedures", when used in the context of molecular cloning techniques, are to be understood as protocols and procedures found in an ordinary laboratory manual such as: Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Mania tis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: A laboratory manual, 2nd Ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. In a first aspect, this invention provides an isolated polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase, or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof.

Preferred such polypeptides having amino acid sequences according to SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 of the Sequence Listing have been obtained by recombinant DNA techniques and are hereinafter referred to as SigA and SigB polypeptides. However, it will be understood that the polypeptides according to the invention are not limited strictly to polypeptides with an amino acid sequence identical with SEQ iD NO: 2 or 4 in the Sequence

Listing. Rather the invention additionally encompasses modified forms of these native polypeptides carrying modifications like substitutions, small deletions, insertions or inversions, which polypeptides nevertheless have substantially the biological activities of a M. tuberculosis sigma subunit. Such biological activities comprise the ability to associate with the core enzyme and / or confer the property of promoter sequence recognition and initiation of transcription. Included in the invention are consequently polypeptides, the amino acid sequence of which are at least 90% homologous, preferably at least 95% homologous, with the amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 in the Sequence Listing.

In another aspect, the invention provides isolated and purified nucleic acid molecules which have a nucleotide sequence coding for a polypeptide of the invention e.g. the SigA or SigB polypeptide. In a preferred form of the invention, the said nucleic acid molecules are DNA molecules which have a nucleotide sequence identical with SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3 of the Sequence Listing. However, the nucleic acid molecules according to the invention are not to be limited strictly to the DNA molecules with the sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3. Rather the invention encompasses nucleic acid molecules carrying modifications like substitutions, small deletions, insertions or inversions, which nevertheless encode proteins having substantially the biochemical activity of the polypeptides according to the invention. Included in the invention are consequently DNA molecules, the nucleotide sequences of which are at least 90% homologous, preferably at least 95% homologous, with the nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3 in the Sequence Listing.

Included in the invention are also DNA molecule which nucleotide sequences are degenerate, because of the genetic code, to the nucleotide sequences shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3. A sequential grouping of three nucleotides, a "codon", codes for one amino acid. Since there are 64 possible codons, but only 20 natural amino acids, most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon. This natural "degeneracy", or "redundancy", of the genetic code is well known in the art. It will thus be appreciated that the DNA sequence shown in the Sequence Listing is only an example within a large but definite group of DNA sequences which will encode the polypeptide as described above.

Included in the invention are consequently isolated nucleic acid molecule selected from:

(a) DNA molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 3 encoding a Group I sigma subunit of

Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase;

(b) nucleic acid molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing to a nucleotide sequence complementary the polypeptide coding region of a DNA molecule as defined in (a) and which codes for a polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof; and

(c) nucleic acid molecules comprising a nucleic acid sequence which is degenerate, as a result of the genetic code, to a nucleotide sequence as defined in (a) or (b) and which codes for a polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof. The term "hybridizing to a nucleotide sequence" should be understood as hybridizing to a nucleotide sequence, or a specific part thereof, under stringent hybridization conditions which are known to a person skilled in the art.

A DNA molecule of the invention may be in the form of a vector, e.g. a replicable expression vector which carries and is capable of mediating the expression of a DNA molecule according to the invention. In the present context the term "replicable" means that the vector is able to replicate in a given type of host cell into which is has been introduced. Examples of vectors are viruses such as bacteriophages, cosmids, plasmids and other recombination vectors. Nucleic acid molecules are inserted into vector genomes by methods well known in the art. Vectors according to the invention can include the plasmid vector pARC 8175 (NCIMB 40738) which contains the coding sequence of the sigA gene, or pARC 8176 (NCIMB 40739) which contains the coding sequence of the sigB gene.

Included in the invention is also a host cell harbouring a vector according to the invention. Such a host cell can be a prokaryotic cell, a unicellular eukaryotic cell or a cell derived from a multicellular organism. The host cell can thus e.g. be a bacterial cell such as an E. coli cell; a cell from a yeast such as Saccharomyces cervisiae or Pichia pastoris, or a mammalian cell. The methods employed to effect introduction of the vector into the host cell are standard methods well known to a person familiar with recombinant DNA methods.

A further aspect of the invention is a process for production of a polypeptide of the invention, comprising culturing host cells transformed with an expression vector according of the invention under conditions whereby said polypeptide is produced, and recovering said polypeptide. The medium used to grow the cells may be any conventional medium suitable for the purpose. A suitable vector may be any of the vectors described above, and an appropriate host cell may be any of the cell types listed above. The methods employed to construct the vector and effect introduction thereof into the host cell may be any methods known for such purposes within the field of recombinant DNA. The recombinant polypeptide expressed by the cells may be secreted, i.e. exported through the cell membrane, dependent on the type of cell and the composition of the vector.

If the polypeptide is produced intracellularly by the recombinant host, i.e. is not secreted by the cell, it may be recovered by standard procedures comprising cell disrupture by mechanical means, e.g. sonication or homogenization, or by enzymatic or chemical means followed by purification.

In order to be secreted, the DNA sequence encoding the polypeptide should be preceded by a sequence coding for a signal peptide, the presence of which ensures secretion of the polypeptide from the cells so that at least a significant proportion of the polypeptide expressed is secreted into the culture medium and recovered.

Another important aspect of the invention is a method of assaying for compounds which have the ability to inhibit the association of a sigma subunit to a Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase, said method comprising the use of a recombinant SigA or SigB polypeptide or a nucleic add molecule as defined above. Such a method will preferably comprise (i) contacting a compound to be tested for such inhibition ability with a SigA or SigB polypeptide as described above and a Mycobacterium tuberculosis core RNA polymerase; and (ϋ) detecting whether the said polypeptide assodates with the said core RNA polymerase to form RNA polymerase holoenzyme. The term "core RNA polymerase" is to be understood as an RNA polymerase which comprises at least the α, β, and β' subunits, but not the sigma subunit. The term "RNA polymerase holoenzyme" is to be understood as an RNA polymerase comprising at least the α, β, β' and sigma subunits. If desirable, the sigma subunit polypeptide can be labelled, for example with a suitable radioactive molecule, e.g. ³⁵S or ²⁵I.

Suitable methods for determining whether a sigma polypeptide has assodated to core RNA polymerase are disdosed by Lesley et al. (Biochemistry 28, 7728-7734, 1989). Such a method may thus be based on the size difference between sigma polypeptides bound to core RNA polymerase, versus polypeptides not bound. This difference in size allows the two forms to be separated by chromatography, e.g. on a gel filtration column, such as a Waters Protein Pak® 300SW sizing column. The two forms eluted from the column may be detected and quantified by known methods, such as scintillation counting or SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting.

According to another method also described by Lesley et al. (supra), RNA polymerase holoenzyme is detected by immunopredpitation using an antibody binding to RNA polymerase holoenzyme. Core RNA polymerase from an organism such as E. coli, M. tuberculosis or M. smegmatis can be allowed to react with a radiolabelled SigA or SigB polypeptide. The reaction mix is treated with Staphylococcus aureus formalin-treated cell suspension, pretreated with an anti-RNA polymerase antibody. The cell suspension is washed to remove unbound proteins, resuspended in SDS- PAGE sample buffer and separated on SDS-PAGE. Bound SigA or SigB polypeptides are monitored by autoradiography followed by sdntillation counting.

Another method of assaying for compounds which have the ability to inhibit sigma subunit-dependent transcription by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase can comprise (i) contacting a compound to be tested for said inhibition ability with a polypeptide of the invention, a ^• Mycobacterium tuberculosis core RNA polymerase, and a DNA having a coding sequence operably-linked to a promoter sequence capable of recognition by said core RNA polymerase when bound to said polypeptide, said contacting being carried out under conditions suitable for transcription of said coding sequence when Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase is bound to said promoter; and (ii) detecting formation of mRNA corresponding to said coding sequence.

Such an assay is based on the fact that E. coli consensus promoter sequences are not transcribable by core RNA polymerase lacking the sigma subunit. However, addition of a sigma 7Ω protein will enable the complex to recognise specific promoters and initiate transcription. Screening of compounds which have the ability to inhibit sigma-dependent transcription can thus be performed, using DNA containing a suitable promoter as a template, by monitoring the formation of mRNA of spedfic lengths. Transcription can be monitored by measuring incorporation of ³H-UTP into TCA-predpitable counts (Ashok Kumar et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235, 405-413; Kajitani, M. and Ishihama, A. (1983) Nudeic Adds Res. 11, 671-686 and 3873-3888) and determining the length of the spedfic transcript.

Compounds which are identified by such an assay can inhibit transcription by various mechanisms, such as (a) binding to a sigma protein and preventing its assodation with the core RNA polymerase; (b) binding to core RNA polymerase and sterically inhibiting the binding of a sigma protein; or (c) inhibiting intermediate steps involved in the initiation or elongation during transcription.

A further aspect of the invention is a method of determining the protein structure of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase sigma subunit, characterised in that a SigA or SigB polypeptide is utilized in X-ray crystallography. The use of SigA or SigB polypeptide in crystallisation will fadlitate a rational design, based on X-ray crystallography, of therapeutic compounds inhibiting interaction of a sigma⁷⁰ protein with the core RNA polymerase, alternatively inhibiting the binding of a sigma70 protein, in assodation with a core RNA polymerase, to DNA during the course of gene transcription.

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1: Identification of M. tuberculosis DNA sequences homologous to the sigma 7'0 ^υ gene

1.1. PCR amplification of putative sigma homologues

The following PCR primers were designed, based on the conserved amino add sequences of sigma⁴⁵ (a sigma⁷⁰ homologue) of Bacillus subtilis and sigma⁷⁰ of E. coli (Gitt, M.A. et al. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7178-7185):

Forward primer (SEQ ID NO: 5):

5 ' -AAG TTC AGC ACG TAC GCC ACG TGG TGG ATC-3 ' C G C

Reverse primer (SEQ ID NO: 6):

5 ' -CTT GGC CTC GAT CTG GCG GAT GCG CTC-3 . C C C

The alternative nucleotides indicated at certain positions indicate that the primers are degenerate primers suitable for amplification of the unidentified gene.

Chromosomal DNA from M. tuberculosis H37RV (ATCC 27294) was prepared following standard protocols. PCR amplification of a DNA fragment of approximately 500 bp was carried out using the following conditions: Annealing: +55°C 1 min

Denaturation: +93°C 1 min

Extension: +73°C 2 min

1.2. Southern hybridisation of M. tuberculosis DNA

Chromosomal DNA from M. tuberculosis H37RV (ATCC 27294), M. tuberculosis H37RA and Mycobacterium smegmatis was prepared following standard protocols and restricted with the restriction enzyme Sail. The DNA fragments were resolved on a 1% agarose gel by electrophoresis and transferred onto nylon membranes which were subjected to "Southern blotting" analysis following standard procedures. To detect homologous fragments, the membranes were probed with a radioactively labelled -500 bp DNA fragment, generated by PCR as described above.

Analysis of the Southern hybridisation experiment revealed the presence of at least three hybridising fragments of approximately 4.2, 2.2 and 0.9 kb, respectively, in the SαZI-digested DNA of both of the M. tuberculosis strains. In M. smegmatis, two hybridising fragments of 4.2 and 2.2 kb, respectively, were detected. It could be conduded that there were multiple DNA fragments with homology to the known sigma ° genes.

Similar Southern hybridisation experiments, performed with four different dinical isolates of M. tuberculosis, revealed identical patterns, indicating the presence of similar genes also in other virulent isolates of M. tuberculosis.

EXAMPLE 2: Cloning of putative sigma⁷⁰ homologues

2.1. Cloning of M. tuberculosis sigA A lambda gtll library (obtained from WHO) of the chromosomal DNA of M. tuberculosis Erdman strain was screened, using the 500 bp PCR probe as described above, following standard procedures. One lambda gtll phage with a 4.7 kb EcoRI insert was identified and confirmed to hybridise with the PCR probe. Restriction analysis of this 4.7 kb insert revealed it to have an internal 2.2 kb Sail fragment which hybridised with the PCR probe.

The 4.7 kb fragment was exdsed from the lambda gt 11 DNA by EcoRI restriction, and subcloned into the cloning vector pBR322, to obtain the recombinant plasmid pARC 8175 (Fig. 1) (NCIMB 40738).

The putative sigma 7Ω ^υ homologue on the 2.2 kb Sail fragment was designated M. tuberculosis sigA. The coding sequence of the sigA gene was found to have an internal Sail site, which could explain the hybridisation of the 0.9 kb fragment in the Southern experiments.

2.2. Cloning of M. tuberculosis sigB

M. tuberculosis H37Rv DNA was restricted with Sail and the DNA fragments were resolved by preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. The agarose gel piece corresponding to the 4.0 to 5.0 kb size region was cut out, and the DNA from this gel piece was extracted following standard protocols. This DNA was ligated to the cloning vector pBR329 at its Sail site, and the ligated DNA was transformed into E. coli DH5α to obtain a sub-library. Transformants of this sub-library were identified by colony blotting, using the PCR-derived 500 bp probe, following standard protocols. Individual transformant colonies were analyzed for their plasmid profile. One of the recombinant plasmids retaining the expected plasmid size, was analyzed in detail by restriction mapping and was found to harbour the expected 4.2 kb Sail DNA fragment This plasmid with the sigB gene on the 4.2 kb insert was designated pARC 8176 (Fig. 2) (NCLMB 40739). EXAMPLE 3: Nucleotide sequence of M. tuberculosis sigA and sigB genes

3.1. Nucleotide sequence of sigA

The EcoRV - EcoRI DNA fragment expected to encompass the entire sigA gene was subcloned into appropriate M13 vectors and both strands of the gene sequenced by the dideoxy method. The sequence obtained is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing. An open reading frame (ORF) of 1580 nudeotides (positions 70 to 1650 in SEQ ID NO: 1) coding for a protein of 526 amino adds was predicted from the DNA sequence. The N- terminal amino add has been assigned tentatively based on the first GTG (initiation codon) of the ORF.

The derived amino add sequence of the gene product SigA (SEQ ID NO: 2) showed 60% identity with the £. coli sigma⁷⁰ and 70% identity with the HrdB sequence of Streptomyces coelicolor. The overall anatomy of the SigA sequence is compatible with that seen among sigma proteins of various organisms. This anatomy comprises a highly conserved C-terminal half, while the N-terminal half generally shows lesser homology. The two regions are linked by a stretch of amino adds which varies in length and is found to be generally unique for the protein. The SigA sequence has a similar structure, where the unconserved central stretch correspond to amino adds 270 to 306 in SEQ ID NO: 2.

The N-terminal half has limited homology to E. coli sigma⁷⁰, but shows resemblance to that of the sigma 7Ω ^u homologue HrdB of S. coelicolor. The highly conserved motifs of regions 3.1, 3.2, 4.1 and 4.2 of S. coelicolor which were proposed to be involved in DNA binding (Lonetto, M. et al. (1992)

J. Bacteriol. 174, 3843-3849) are found to be nearly identical also in the M. tuberculosis SigA sequence. The N-teπninal start of the protein has been tentatively assigned, based on homologous motifs of the S. coelicolor HrdB sequence. The overall sequence similarity of the SigA and SigB amino acid sequences to known sigma 70 ^υ sequences suggests assignment of the M. tuberculosis SigA to the Group I sigma 70 ^u proteins. However, SigA also shows distinct differences with known sigma 70 proteins, in particular a unique and lengthy N-terminal stretch of amino adds (positions 24 to 263 in SEQ ID

NO: 2), which may be essential for the recognition and initiation of transcription from promoter sequences of M. tuberculosis.

3.2. Nucleotide sequence of sigB

The nudeotide sequence of the sigB gene (SEQ ID NO: 3) encodes a protein of 323 amino adds (SEQ ID NO: 4). The N-terminal start of the protein has been tentatively identified based on the presence of the first metWonine of the ORF. The ORF is thus estimated to start at position 325 and to end at 1293 in SEQ ID NO: 3. Alignment of the amino add sequence of the sigB gene with other sigma 70 proteins places the sigB gene into the Group I family of sigma 70 proteins. The overall structure of the gene product SigB follows the same pattern as described for SigA. However, the SigB sequence has only 60% homology with the SigA sequence, as there are considerable differences not only within the unconserved regions of the protein, but also within the putative DNA binding regions of the sigB protein. These characteristics suggest that the SigB protein may play a distinct function in the physiology of the organism.

EXAMPLE 4: Expression of sigA and sigB

4.1. Expression of M. tuberculosis sigA gene in E. coli

The N-terminal portion of the sigA gene was amplified by PCR using the following primers: Forward primer (SEQ ID NO: 7), comprising an Ncol site:

66nt 80nt

I I

5 ' -TT CC ATG GGG TAT GTG GCA GCG ACC-3 ' M G Y V A A T

Reverse primer (SEQ ID NO: 8):

5 ' -GTA CAG GCC AGC CTC GAT CCG CTT GGC-3 '

(a) A fragment of approximately 750 bp was amplified from the sigA gene construct pARC 8175. The amplified product was restricted with Ncol and Ba Hl to obtain a 163 bp fragment.

(b) A 1400 bp DNA fragment was obtained by digestion of pARC 8175 with Bα HI and EcoRV.

(c) The expression plasmid pET 8ck, which is a derivative of pET 8c (Studier, F.W. et al. (1990) Methods Enzymol. 185, 61-89) in which the β- lactamase gene has been replaced by the gene conferring kanamycin resistance, was digested with Ncol and EcoRV and a fragment of approximately 4.2 kb was purified.

These three fragments (a), (b) and (c) were ligated by standard methods and the product was transformed into E. coli DH5cc. Individual transformants were screened for the plasmid profile following standard protocols. The transformant was identified based on the expected plasmid size (approximately 6.35 kb) and restriction mapping of the plasmid. The recombinant plasmid harbouring the coding fragment of sigA was designated pARC 8171.

The plasmid pARC 8171 was transformed into the T₇ expression host

E. coli BL2KDE3). Individual transformants were screened for the presence of the 6.35 kb plasmid and confirmed by restriction analysis. One of the transformants was grown at 37°C and induced with 1 mM isopropyl-β-D- thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) using standard protocols. A spedfic 90 kDa protein was induced on expression. Cells were harvested by low speed centrifugation and lysed by sonication in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4. The lysate was centrifugated at 100,000 x g to fractionate into supernatant and pellet. The majority of the 70 kDa product obtained after induction with IPTG was present in the pellet fraction, indicating that the protein formed indusion bodies.

* For purifying the induced sigA gene product, the cell lysate as obtained above was darified by centrifugation at 1000 rpm in Beckman JA 21 rotor for 15 min. The darified supernatant was layered on a 15-60% sucrose gradient and centrifugated at 100,000 x g for 60 min. The indusion bodies sedimented as a pellet through the 60% sucrose cushion. This pellet was solubilised in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride which was removed by sequential dialysis against buffer containing decreasing concentration of guanidine hydrochloride. The dialysate was 75% enriched for the SigA protein which was purified essentially following the protocol for purification E. coli sigma 7'0 ^u as described by Brokhov, S. and Goldfarb, A. (1993) Protein expression and purification, vol. 4, 503-511.

4.2. Expression of M. tuberculosis sigB gene in E. coli

The sigB gene product was expressed and purified from indusion bodies. The coding sequence of the sigB gene was amplified by PCR using the following primers:

Forward primer (SEQ ID NO: 9), comprising an Ncol restriction site:

5 ' - TTTC ATG GCC GAT GCA CCC ACA AGG GCC-3 ' M A D A P T R A

Reverse primer (SEQ ID NO: 10), comprising an EcoRI restriction site: 5 ' - CTT GAA TTC AGC TGG CGT ACG ACC GCA- 3 ' The amplified 920 bp fragment was digested with EcoRI and Ncol and ligated to the EcoRI- and Ncol-digested pRSET B (Kroll et al. (1993) DNA and Cell Biology 12, 441). The ligation mix was transformed into E. coli DH5α. Individual transformants were screened for plasmid profile and restriction analysis. The recombinant plasmid having the expected plasmid profile was designated pARC 8193.

E. coli DH5α harbouring pARC 8193 was cultured in LB containing in 50 μg/ml ampidllin till an OD of 0.5, and induced with 1 mM IPTG at 37°C, following standard protocols. The induced SigB protein was obtained as indusion bodies which were denatured and renatured following the same protocol as described for the SigA protein. The purified SigB protein was >90% homogenous and suitable for transcription assays.

DEPOSIT OF MICROORGANISMS

The following plasmids have been deposited under the Budapest Treaty at the National Collections of Industrial and Marine Bacteria (NCIMB), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.

Plasmid Accession No. Date of deposit pARC 8175 NCIMB 40738 15 June 1995 pARC 8176 NCIMB 40739 15 June 1995

SEQUENCE LISTING

(1) GENERAL INFORMATION:

(i) APPLICANT:

(A) NAME: Astra AB

(B) STREET: Vastra Malarehamnen 9

(C) CITY: Sόdert lje

(E) COUNTRY: Sweden

(F) POSTAL CODE (ZIP) : S-151 85

(G) TELEPHONE: +46-8-553 260 00 (H) TELEFAX: +46-8-553 288 20 (I) TELEX: 19237 astra s

(ii) TITLE OF INVENTION: New DNA Molecules

(iii) NUMBER OF SEQUENCES: 10

(iv) COMPUTER READABLE FORM:

(A) MEDIUM TYPE: Floppy disk

(B) COMPUTER: IBM PC compatible

(C) OPERATING SYSTEM: PC-DOS/MS-DOS

(D) SOFTWARE: Patentln Release #1.0, Version #1.30 (EPO)

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 1:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 1724 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: both

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE:

(A) ORGANISM: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(B) STRAIN: Erdman strain

(vii) IMMEDIATE SOURCE:

(B) CLONE: pARC 8175

(ix) FEATURE:

(A) NAME/KEY: CDS

(B) LOCATION:70..1653

(Xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 1:

AACTAGCAGA CACTTTCGGT TACGCACGCC CAGACCCAAC CGGAAGTGAG TAACGACCGA 60

AGGGTGTAT GTG GCA GCG ACC AAA GCA AGC ACG GCG ACC GAT GAG CCG 108

Val Ala Ala Thr Lys Ala Ser Thr Ala Thr Asp Glu Pro 1 5 10

GTA AAA CGC ACC GCC ACC AAG TCG CCC GCG GCT TCC GCG TCC GGG GCC 156 Val Lys Arg Thr Ala Thr Lys Ser Pro Ala Ala Ser Ala Ser Gly Ala 15 20 25

AAG ACC GGC GCC AAG CGA ACA GCG GCG AAG TCC GCT AGT GGC TCC CCA 204 Lys Thr Gly Ala Lys Arg Thr Ala Ala Lys Ser Ala Ser Gly Ser Pro 30 35 40 45

CCC GCG AAG CGG GCT ACC AAG CCC GCG GCC CGG TCC GTC AAG CCC GCC 252 Pro Ala Lys Arg Ala Thr Lys Pro Ala Ala Arg Ser Val Lys Pro Ala 50 55 60 TCG GCA CCC CAG GAC ACT ACG ACC AGC ACC ATC CCG AAA AGG AAG ACC 300 Ser Ala Pro Gin Asp Thr Thr Thr Ser Thr lie Pro Lys Arg Lys Thr 65 70 75

CGC GCC GCG GCC AAA TCC GCC GCC GCG AAG GCA CCG TCG GCC CGC GGC 348 Arg Ala Ala Ala Lys Ser Ala Ala Ala Lys Ala Pro Ser Ala Arg Gly 80 85 90

CAC GCG ACC AAG CCA CGG GCG CCC AAG GAT GCC CAG CAC GAA GCC GCA 396 His Ala Thr Lys Pro Arg Ala Pro Lys Asp Ala Gin His Glu Ala Ala 95 100 105

ACG GAT CCC GAG GAC GCC CTG GAC TCC GTC GAG GAG CTC GAC GCT GAA 444 Thr Asp Pro Glu Asp Ala Leu Asp Ser Val Glu Glu Leu Asp Ala Glu 110 115 120 125

CCA GAC CTC GAC GTC GAG CCC GGC GAG GAC CTC GAC CTT GAC GCC GCC 492 Pro Asp Leu Asp Val Glu Pro Gly Glu Asp Leu Asp Leu Asp Ala Ala 130 135 140

GAC CTC AAC CTC GAT GAC CTC GAG GAC GAC GTG GCG CCG GAC GCC GAC 540 Asp Leu Asn Leu Asp Asp Leu Glu Asp Asp Val Ala Pro Asp Ala Asp 145 150 155

GAC GAC CTC GAC TCG GGC GAC GAC GAA GAC CAC GAA GAC CTC GAA GCT 588 Asp Asp Leu Asp Ser Gly Asp Asp Glu Asp His Glu Asp Leu Glu Ala 160 165 170

GAG GCG GCC GTC GCG CCC GGC CAG ACC GCC GAT GAC GAC GAG GAG ATC 636 Glu Ala Ala Val Ala Pro Gly Gin Thr Ala Asp Asp Asp Glu Glu lie 175 180 185

GCT GAA CCC ACC GAA AAG GAC AAG GCC TCC GGT GAT TTC GTC TGG GAT 684 Ala Glu Pro Thr Glu Lys Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly Asp Phe Val Trp Asp 190 195 200 205

GAA GAC GAG TCG GAG GCC CTG CGT CAA GCA CGC AAG GAC GCC GAA CTC 732 Glu Asp Glu Ser Glu Ala Leu Arg Gin Ala Arg Lys Asp Ala Glu Leu 210 215 220

ACC GCA TCC GCC GAC TCG GTT CGC GCC TAC CTC AAA CAG ATC GGC AAG 780 Thr Ala Ser Ala Asp Ser Val Arg Ala Tyr Leu Lys Gin lie Gly Lys 225 230 235

GTA GCG CTG CTC AAC GCC GAG GAA GAG GTC GAG CTA GCC AAG CGG ATC 828 Val Ala Leu Leu Asn Ala Glu Glu Glu Val Glu Leu Ala Lys Arg lie 240 245 250

GAG GCT GGC CTG TAC GCC ACG CAG CTG ATG ACC GAG CTT AGC GAG CGC 876 Glu Ala Gly Leu Tyr Ala Thr Gin Leu Met Thr Glu Leu Ser Glu Arg 255 260 265

GGC GAA AAG CTG CCT GCC GCC CAG CGC CGC GAC ATG ATG TGG ATC TGC 924 Gly Glu Lys Leu Pro Ala Ala Gin Arg Arg Asp Met Met Trp lie Cys 270 275 280 285

CGC GAC GGC GAT CGC GCG AAA AAC CAT CTG CTG GAA GCC AAC CTG CGC 972 Arg Asp Gly Asp Arg Ala Lys Asn His Leu Leu Glu Ala Asn Leu Arg 290 295 300

CTG GTG GTT TCG CTA GCC AAG CGC TAC ACC GGC CGG GGC ATG GCG TTT 1020 Leu Val Val Ser Leu Ala Lys Arg Tyr Thr Gly Arg Gly Met Ala Phe 305 310 315

CTC GAC CTG ATC CAG GAA GGC AAC CTG GGG CTG ATC CGC GCG GTG GAG 1068 Leu Asp Leu lie Gin Glu Gly Asn Leu Gly Leu lie Arg Ala Val Glu 320 325 330 AAG TTC GAC TAC ACC AAG GGG TAC AAG TTC TCC ACC TAC GCT ACG TGG 1116 Lys Phe Asp Tyr Thr Lys Gly Tyr Lys Phe Ser Thr Tyr Ala Thr Trp 335 340 345

TGG ATT CGC CAG GCC ATC ACC CGC GCC ATG GCC GAC CAG GCC CGC ACC 1164 Trp lie Arg Gin Ala lie Thr Arg Ala Met Ala Asp Gin Ala Arg Thr 350 355 360 365

ATC CGC ATC CCG GTG CAC ATG GTC GAG GTG ATC AAC AAG CTG GGC CGC 1212 lie Arg He Pro Val His Met Val Glu Val He Asn Lys Leu Gly Arg 370 375 380

ATT CAA CGC GAG CTG CTG CAG GAC CTG GGC CGC GAG CCC ACG CCC GAG 1260 He Gin Arg Glu Leu Leu Gin Asp Leu Gly Arg Glu Pro Thr Pro Glu 385 390 395

GAG CTG GCC AAA GAG ATG GAC ATC ACC CCG GAG AAG GTG CTG GAA ATC 1308 Glu Leu Ala Lys Glu Met Asp He Thr Pro Glu Lys Val Leu Glu He 400 405 410

CAG CAA TAC GCC CGC GAG CCG ATC TCG TTG GAC CAG ACC ATC GGC GAC 1356 Gin Gin Tyr Ala Arg Glu Pro He Ser Leu Asp Gin Thr He Gly Asp 415 420 425

GAG GGC GAC AGC CAG CTT GGC GAT TTC ATC GAA GAC AGC GAG GCG GTG 1404 Glu Gly Asp Ser Gin Leu Gly Asp Phe He Glu Asp Ser Glu Ala Val 430 435 440 445

GTG GCC GTC GAC GCG GTG TCC TTC ACT TTG CTG CAG GAT CAA CTG CAG 1452 Val Ala Val Asp Ala Val Ser Phe Thr Leu Leu Gin Asp Gin Leu Gin 450 455 460

TCG GTG CTG GAC ACG CTC TCC GAG CGT GAG GCG GGC GTG GTG CGG CTA 1500 Ser Val Leu Asp Thr Leu Ser Glu Arg Glu Ala Gly Val Val Arg Leu 465 470 475

CGC TTC GGC CTT ACC GAC GGC CAG CCG CGC ACC CTT GAC GAG ATC GGC 1548 Arg Phe Gly Leu Thr Asp Gly Gin Pro Arg Thr Leu Asp Glu He Gly 480 485 490

CAG GTC TAC GGC GTG ACC CGG GAA CGC ATC CGC CAG ATC GAA TCC AAG 1596 Gin Val Tyr Gly Val Thr Arg Glu Arg He Arg Gin He Glu Ser Lys 495 500 505

ACT ATG TCG AAG TTG CGC CAT CCG AGC CGC TCA CAG GTC CTG CGC GAC 1644 Thr Met Ser Lys Leu Arg His Pro Ser Arg Ser Gin Val Leu Arg Asp 510 515 520 525

TAC CTG GAC TGAGAGCGCC CGCCGAGGCG ACCAACGTAG CACGTGAGCC 1693

Tyr Leu Asp

CCCAGCAGCT AGCCGCACCA TGGTCTCGTC C 1724

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 2:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 528 amino acids

(B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 2:

Val Ala Ala Thr Lys Ala Ser Thr Ala Thr Asp Glu Pro Val Lys Arg 1 5 10 15 Thr Ala Thr Lys Ser Pro Ala Ala Ser Ala Ser Gly Ala Lys Thr Gly 20 25 30

Ala Lys Arg Thr Ala Ala Lys Ser Ala Ser Gly Ser Pro Pro Ala Lys 35 40 45

Arg Ala Thr Lys Pro Ala Ala Arg Ser Val Lys Pro Ala Ser Ala Pro 50 55 60

Gin Asp Thr Thr Thr Ser Thr He Pro Lys Arg Lys Thr Arg Ala Ala 65 70 75 80

Ala Lys Ser Ala Ala Ala Lys Ala Pro Ser Ala Arg Gly His Ala Thr 85 90 95

Lys Pro Arg Ala Pro Lys Asp Ala Gin His Glu Ala Ala Thr Asp Pro 100 105 110

Glu Asp Ala Leu Asp Ser Val Glu Glu Leu Asp Ala Glu Pro Asp Leu 115 120 125

Asp Val Glu Pro Gly Glu Asp Leu Asp Leu Asp Ala Ala Asp Leu Asn 130 135 140

Leu Asp Asp Leu Glu Asp Asp Val Ala Pro Asp Ala Asp Asp Asp Leu 145 150 155 160

Asp Ser Gly Asp Asp Glu Asp His Glu Asp Leu Glu Ala Glu Ala Ala 165 170 175

Val Ala Pro Gly Gin Thr Ala Asp Asp Asp Glu Glu He Ala Glu Pro 180 185 190

Thr Glu Lys Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly Asp Phe Val Trp Asp Glu Asp Glu 195 200 205

Ser Glu Ala Leu Arg Gin Ala Arg Lys Asp Ala Glu Leu Thr Ala Ser 210 215 220

Ala Asp Ser Val Arg Ala Tyr Leu Lys Gin He Gly Lys Val Ala Leu 225 230 235 240

Leu Asn Ala Glu Glu Glu Val Glu Leu Ala Lys Arg He Glu Ala Gly 245 250 255

Leu Tyr Ala Thr Gin Leu Met Thr Glu Leu Ser Glu Arg Gly Glu Lys 260 265 270

Leu Pro Ala Ala Gin Arg Arg Asp Met Met Trp He Cys Arg Asp Gly 275 280 285

Asp Arg Ala Lys Asn His Leu Leu Glu Ala Asn Leu Arg Leu Val Val 290 295 300

Ser Leu Ala Lys Arg Tyr Thr Gly Arg Gly Met Ala Phe Leu Asp Leu 305 310 315 320

He Gin Glu Gly Asn Leu Gly Leu He Arg Ala Val Glu Lys Phe Asp 325 330 335

Tyr Thr Lys Gly Tyr Lys Phe Ser Thr Tyr Ala Thr Trp Trp He Arg 340 345 350

Gin Ala He Thr Arg Ala Met Ala Asp Gin Ala Arg Thr He Arg He 355 360 365

Pro Val His Met Val Glu Val He Asn Lys Leu Gly Arg He Gin Arg 370 375 380 Glu Leu Leu Gin Asp Leu Gly Arg Glu Pro Thr Pro Glu Glu Leu Ala 385 390 395 400

Lys Glu Met Asp He Thr Pro Glu Lys Val Leu Glu He Gin Gin Tyr 405 410 415

Ala Arg Glu Pro He Ser Leu Asp Gin Thr He Gly Asp Glu Gly Asp 420 425 430

Ser Gin Leu Gly Asp Phe He Glu Asp Ser Glu Ala Val Val Ala Val 435 440 445

Asp Ala Val Ser Phe Thr Leu Leu Gin Asp Gin Leu Gin Ser Val Leu 450 455 460

Asp Thr Leu Ser Glu Arg Glu Ala Gly Val Val Arg Leu Arg Phe Gly 465 470 475 480

Leu Thr Asp Gly Gin Pro Arg Thr Leu Asp Glu He Gly Gin Val Tyr 485 490 495

Gly Val Thr Arg Glu Arg He Arg Gin He Glu Ser Lys Thr Met Ser 500 505 510

Lys Leu Arg His Pro Ser Arg Ser Gin Val Leu Arg Asp Tyr Leu Asp 515 520 525

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 3:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 1508 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: both

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE:

(A) ORGANISM: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (C) INDIVIDUAL ISOLATE: atcc27294

(vii) IMMEDIATE SOURCE:

(B) CLONE: pARC 8176

(ix) FEATURE:

(A) NAME/KEY: CDS

(B) LOCATION:325..1293

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 3:

ACCAGCCCGA CGACCGACGA ACCCCGCCGC TTCGACGTGC CCAGCCGGCG CATCCCGCTG 60

TTCCCGACCG CGAACGGCCC GCACTCGAGC CGACGGCGAC AGCCGGCAAG AAGCGGTCAG 120

CCCGCGGGGA TTCGCCGACC ACGGTTAGCC GTCTGTTGGC CGGCGTTCCG GGTTGTCGCC 180

ACTGGCCACA CTTCTCAGGA CTTTCTCAGG TCTTCGGCAG ATTCCTGCAC GTCACAGGGC 240

GTCAGATCAC TGCTGGGTGG GAACTCAAAG TCCGGCTTTG TCGTTAAACC CTGACAGTGC 300

AAGCCGATCG GGGAACGGCT CGCT ATG GCC GAT GCA CCC ACA AGG GCC ACC 351

Met Ala Asp Ala Pro Thr Arg Ala Thr 530 535 ACA AGC CGG GTT GAC ACA GAT CTG GAT GCT CAA AGC CCC GCG GCG GAC 399 Thr Ser Arg Val Asp Thr Asp Leu Asp Ala Gin Ser Pro Ala Ala Asp 540 545 550

CTC GTG CGC GTC TAT CTG AAC GGC ATC GGC AAG ACG GCG TTG CTC AAC 447 Leu Val Arg Val Tyr Leu Asn Gly He Gly Lys Thr Ala Leu Leu Asn 555 560 565

GCG GCG GAT GAA GTC GAA CTG GCC AAG CGC ATA GAA GCC GGG TTG TAT 495 Ala Ala Asp Glu Val Glu Leu Ala Lys Arg He Glu Ala Gly Leu Tyr 570 575 580 585

GCC GAG CAT CTG CTG GAA ACC CGG AAG CGC CTC GGC GAG AAC CGA AAA 543 Ala Glu His Leu Leu Glu Thr Arg Lys Arg Leu Gly Glu Asn Arg Lys 590 595 600

CGC GAC CTG GCG GCC GTG GTG CGT GAT GGC GAG GCC GCC CGC CGC CAC 591 Arg Asp Leu Ala Ala Val Val Arg Asp Gly Glu Ala Ala Arg Arg His 605 610 615

CTG CTG GAA GCA AAC CTG CGG CTG GTG GTA TCG CTG GCC AAG CGC TAC 639 Leu Leu Glu Ala Asn Leu Arg Leu Val Val Ser Leu Ala Lys Arg Tyr 620 625 630

ACG GGT CGG GGC ATG CCG TTG CTG GAC CTC ATC CAG GAG GGC AAC CTG 687 Thr Gly Arg Gly Met Pro Leu Leu Asp Leu He Gin Glu Gly Asn Leu 635 640 645

GGT CTG ATC CGA GCG ATG GAG AAG TTC GAC TAC ACA AAG GGA TTC AAG 735 Gly Leu He Arg Ala Met Glu Lys Phe Asp Tyr Thr Lys Gly Phe Lys 650 655 660 665

TTC TCA ACG TAT GCC ACG TGG TGG ATC CGC CAG GCC ATC ACC CGC GGA 783 Phe Ser Thr Tyr Ala Thr Trp Trp He Arg Gin Ala He Thr Arg Gly 670 675 680

ATG GCC GAC CAG AGC CGC ACC ATC CGC CTG CCC GTA CAC CTG GTT GAG 831 Met Ala Asp Gin Ser Arg Thr He Arg Leu Pro Val His Leu Val Glu 685 690 695

CAG GTC AAC AAG CTG GCG CGG ATC AAG CGG GAG ATG CAC CAG CAT CTG 879 Gin Val Asn Lys Leu Ala Arg He Lys Arg Glu Met His Gin His Leu 700 705 710

GGT CGC GAA CGC ACC GAT GAG GAG CTC GCC GCC GAA TCC GGC ATT CCA 927 Gly Arg Glu Arg Thr Asp Glu Glu Leu Ala Ala Glu Ser Gly He Pro 715 720 725

ATC GAC AAG ATC AAC GAC CTG CTG GAA CAC AGT CGC GAC CCG GTG AGT 975 He Asp Lys He Asn Asp Leu Leu Glu His Ser Arg Asp Pro Val Ser 730 735 740 745

CTG GAT ATG CCG GTC GGC TCC GAG GAG GAG GCC CCT TTG GGC GAT TTC 1023 Leu Asp Met Pro Val Gly Ser Glu Glu Glu Ala Pro Leu Gly Asp Phe 750 755 760

ATC GAG GAC GCC GAA GCC ATG TCC GCG GAG AAC GCG GTC ATC GCC GAA 1071 He Glu Asp Ala Glu Ala Met Ser Ala Glu Asn Ala Val He Ala Glu 765 770 775

CTG TTA CAC ACC GAC ATC CGC AGC GTG CTG GCC ACT CTC GAC GAG CGT 1119 Leu Leu His Thr Asp He Arg Ser Val Leu Ala Thr Leu Asp Glu Arg 780 785 790

GAC GAC CAG GTG ATC CGG CTG CGC TTC GGC CTG GAT GAC GGC CAA CCA 1167 Asp Asp Gin Val He Arg Leu Arg Phe Gly Leu Asp Asp Gly Gin Pro 795 800 805 CGC ACC CTG GAT CAA ATC GGC AAA CTA TTC GGG CTG TCC CGT GAG CGG 1215 Arg Thr Leu Asp Gin He Gly Lys Leu Phe Gly Leu Ser Arg Glu Arg 810 815 820 825

GTT CGT CAG ATC GAG CGC GAC GTG ATG AGT AAG CTG CGG CAC GGT GAG 1263 Val Arg Gin He Glu Arg Asp Val Met Ser Lys Leu Arg His Gly Glu 830 835 840

CGG GCG GAT CGG CTG CGG TCG TAC GCC AGC TGAAGCTGGA CATCCTGAGC 1313 Arg Ala Asp Arg Leu Arg Ser Tyr Ala Ser 845 850

CAGGTAGCAG ACGGTATGCC CGCCGCGCCA GCATAGCCTG CGGTGGGGCG GCGGGCAACC 1373

ATTTTCGCAG CTGGCCAAGT GTAGACTCAG CTGCAATGGA GGGTGCTGAA TGAACGAGTT 1433

GGTTGATACC ACCGAGATGT ACCTGCGGAC CATCTACGAC CTCGAGGAAG AGGGCGTGAC 1493

GCACTGCGTG CCGGA 1508

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 4:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 323 amino acids

(B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 4:

Met Ala Asp Ala Pro Thr Arg Ala Thr Thr Ser Arg Val Asp Thr Asp 1 5 10 15

Leu Asp Ala Gin Ser Pro Ala Ala Asp Leu Val Arg Val Tyr Leu Asn 20 25 30

Gly He Gly Lys Thr Ala Leu Leu Asn Ala Ala Asp Glu Val Glu Leu 35 40 45

Ala Lys Arg He Glu Ala Gly Leu Tyr Ala Glu His Leu Leu Glu Thr 50 55 60

Arg Lys Arg Leu Gly Glu Asn Arg Lys Arg Asp Leu Ala Ala Val Val 65 70 75 80

Arg Asp Gly Glu Ala Ala Arg Arg His Leu Leu Glu Ala Asn Leu Arg 85 90 95

Leu Val Val Ser Leu Ala Lys Arg Tyr Thr Gly Arg Gly Met Pro Leu 100 105 110

Leu Asp Leu He Gin Glu Gly Asn Leu Gly Leu He Arg Ala Met Glu 115 120 125

Lys Phe Asp Tyr Thr Lys Gly Phe Lys Phe Ser Thr Tyr Ala Thr Trp 130 135 140

Trp He Arg Gin Ala He Thr Arg Gly Met Ala Asp Gin Ser Arg Thr 145 150 155 160

He Arg Leu Pro Val His Leu Val Glu Gin Val Asn Lys Leu Ala Arg 165 170 175

He Lys Arg Glu Met His Gin His Leu Gly Arg Glu Arg Thr Asp Glu 180 185 190 Glu Leu Ala Ala Glu Ser Gly He Pro He Asp Lys He Asn Asp Leu 195 200 205

Leu Glu His Ser Arg Asp Pro Val Ser Leu Asp Met Pro Val Gly Ser 210 215 220

Glu Glu Glu Ala Pro Leu Gly Asp Phe He Glu Asp Ala Glu Ala Met 225 230 235 240

Ser Ala Glu Asn Ala Val He Ala Glu Leu Leu His Thr Asp He Arg 245 250 255

Ser Val Leu Ala Thr Leu Asp Glu Arg Asp Asp Gin Val He Arg Leu 260 265 270

Arg Phe Gly Leu Asp Asp Gly Gin Pro Arg Thr Leu Asp Gin He Gly 275 280 285

Lys Leu Phe Gly Leu Ser Arg Glu Arg Val Arg Gin He Glu Arg Asp 290 295 300

Val Met Ser Lys Leu Arg His Gly Glu Arg Ala Asp Arg Leu Arg Ser 305 310 315 320

Tyr Ala Ser

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 5:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 30 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 5: AAGTTCAGCA CSTACGCSAC STGGTGGATC 30

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 6:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 27 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 6: CTTSGCCTCG ATCTGSCGGA TSCGCTC 27

(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 7:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 25 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 7: TTCCATGGGG TATGTGGCAG CGACC 25 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 8:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 27 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 8: GTACAGGCCA GCCTCGATCC GCTTGGC 27 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 9:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 28 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 9: TTTCATGGCC GATGCACCCA CAAGGGCC 28 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 10:

(i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:

(A) LENGTH: 27 base pairs

(B) TYPE: nucleic acid

(C) STRANDEDNESS: single

(D) TOPOLOGY: linear

(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: other nucleic acid

(A) DESCRIPTION: /desc = "PCR primer"

(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 10: CTTGAATTCA GCTGGCGTAC GACCGCA 27 INDICATIONS RELATING TO A DEPOSITED MICROORGANISM

(PCT Rule \3bis)

A. The indications made below relate to the microorganism referred to in the description

1 7 23 on page _ , line

B. IDENTIFICATION OF DEPOSIT Further deposits are identified on an additional sheet |

Name of depositary institution

The National Collections of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Limited (NCIMB)

Address of depositary institution (including postal code and country)

23 St Machar Drive Aberdeen AB2 1RY Scotland, UK

Date of deposit Accession Number

15 June 1994 NCIMB 40738

C. ADDITIONAL INDICATIONS (leave blank if mat applicable) This information is continued on an additional sheet

In respect of all designated states in which such action is possible and to the extent that it is legally permissible under the law of the designated state, it is requested that a sample of the deposited micro-organism be made available only by the issue thereof to an independent expert, in accordance with the relevant patent legislation, e.g. Rule 28(4) EPC, and generally similar provisions mutatis mutandis for any other designated state.

D. DESIGNATED STATES FOR WHICH INDICATIONS ARE MADE f the indications are not for all designated States

E. SEPARATE FURNISHING OF DEDICATIONS (leave blank if not applicable)

The indications listed below will be submitted to the International Bureau later (specify the general ature oj 'theindications . ^ 'Accessi Number of Deposit")

For International Bureau use only

I I This sheet was received by the International Bureau o

Authorized officer

Form PCT/RO/134 (July 1992) INDICATIONS RELATING TO A DEPOSITED MICROORGANISM

(PCT Rule I3bis)

A. The indications made below relate to the microorganism referred to in the description on page 17 . line 24

B. IDENTTFICATION OF DEPOSIT Further deposits are identified on an additional sheet |

Name of depositary institution

The National Collections of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Limited (NCIMB)

Address of depositary institution (including postal code and country)

23 St Machar Drive Aberdeen AB2 1RY Scotland, UK

Date of deposit Accession Number

15 June 1994 NCIMB 40739

C ADDITIONAL INDICATIONS (leave blank if not applicable) This information is continued on an additional sheet

D. DESIGNATED STATES FOR WHICH DEDICATIONS ARE MADE (if the indications are not for all designate tates)

E. SEPARATE FURNISHING OF INDICATIONS (leave blank if not applicable)

The indications listed below will be submitted to the International Bureau later (speάfyώegaural nature of the indications e.g^ 'Accession Number of Deposit")

For Intemational Bureau use only

| j This sheet was received by the International Bureau on-

Authorized officer

Claims

1. An isolated polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase, or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof.

2. A polypeptide according to daim 1 which amino add sequence is identical to, or substantially similar to, SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 in the Sequence Listing.

3. An isolated nucleic add molecule which has a nudeotide sequence coding for a polypeptide according to claim 1 or 2.

4. An isolated nucleic acid molecule selected from: (a) DNA molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence as shown in

SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 3 encoding a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase;

(b) nudeic acid molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing to a nucleotide sequence complementary the polypeptide coding region of a DNA molecule as defined in (a) and which codes for a polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof; and

(c) nudeic add molecules comprising a nucleic acid sequence which is degenerate, as a result of the genetic code, to a nudeotide sequence as defined in (a) or (b) and which codes for a polypeptide which is a Group I sigma subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or a functionally equivalent modified form thereof.

5. A vector which comprises a nudeic add molecule according to claim 3 or 4.

6. A vector according to daim 5 which is the plasmid vector pARC 8175 (NCLMB 40738) or pARC 8176 (NCIMB 40739).

7. A vector according to daim 5 which is an expression vector capable of mediating the expression of a polypeptide according to claim 1 or

2.

8. A host cell harbouring a vector according to any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. A process for production of a polypeptide according to claim 1 or 2 which comprises culturing a host cell according to claim 8 transformed with an expression vector according to claim 7 under conditions whereby said polypeptide is produced and recovering said polypeptide.

10. A method of assaying for compounds which have the ability to inhibit the assodation of a sigma subunit with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis core RNA polymerase, said method comprising (i) contacting a compound to be tested for said inhibition ability with a polypeptide according to claim 1 or claim 2 and a Mycobacterium tuberculosis core RNA polymerase; and (ii) detecting whether the said polypeptide assodates with the said core RNA polymerase to form RNA polymerase holoenzyme.

11. A method according to daim 10 wherein polypeptides which are assodated to core RNA polymerase and / or polypeptides which are not associated to core RNA polymerase are detected by chromatography such as gel filtration.

12. A method according to daim 10 wherein RNA polymerase holoenzyme is detected by immunopredpitation, using an antibody binding to RNA polymerase holoenzyme.

13. A method of assaying for compounds whid have the ability to inhibit sigma subunit-dependent transcription by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase, said method comprising (i) contacting a compound to be tested for said inhibition ability with a polypeptide according to claim 1 or daim 2, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis core RNA polymerase, and a DNA having a coding sequence operably-linked to a promoter sequence capable of recognition by said core RNA polymerase when bound to said polypeptide, said contacting being carried out under conditions suitable for transcription of said coding sequence when Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase is bound to said promoter; and (ii) detecting formation of mRNA corresponding to said coding sequence.

14. A method of determining the protein structure of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase sigma subunit, characterised in that a polypeptide according to daim 1 or daim 2 is utilized in X-ray crystallography.