WO1997038420A1 - Optical disc - Google Patents
Optical disc Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997038420A1 WO1997038420A1 PCT/JP1997/001223 JP9701223W WO9738420A1 WO 1997038420 A1 WO1997038420 A1 WO 1997038420A1 JP 9701223 W JP9701223 W JP 9701223W WO 9738420 A1 WO9738420 A1 WO 9738420A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- data
- area
- track
- sector
- recording
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/2407—Tracks or pits; Shape, structure or physical properties thereof
- G11B7/24085—Pits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
- G11B27/24—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by sensing features on the record carrier other than the transducing track ; sensing signals or marks recorded by another method than the main recording
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
- G11B27/28—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording
- G11B27/30—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording
- G11B27/3027—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording used signal is digitally coded
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
- G11B7/005—Reproducing
- G11B7/0053—Reproducing non-user data, e.g. wobbled address, prepits, BCA
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/007—Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
- G11B7/00718—Groove and land recording, i.e. user data recorded both in the grooves and on the lands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/007—Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
- G11B7/00745—Sectoring or header formats within a track
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/007—Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
- G11B7/0079—Zoned data area, e.g. having different data structures or formats for the user data within data layer, Zone Constant Linear Velocity [ZCLV], Zone Constant Angular Velocity [ZCAV], carriers with RAM and ROM areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/14—Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes
- G11B20/1403—Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes characterised by the use of two levels
- G11B20/1423—Code representation depending on subsequent bits, e.g. delay modulation, double density code, Miller code
- G11B20/1426—Code representation depending on subsequent bits, e.g. delay modulation, double density code, Miller code conversion to or from block codes or representations thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
- G11B20/1217—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
- G11B2020/1259—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs with ROM/RAM areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
- G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
- G11B2220/2537—Optical discs
- G11B2220/2562—DVDs [digital versatile discs]; Digital video discs; MMCDs; HDCDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
- G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
- G11B7/0901—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following only
- G11B7/0906—Differential phase difference systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical disc, and more particularly to a data format on an optical disc having a rewritable area and a read-only area.
- Optical discs include a read-only optical disc that only reproduces recorded data and a rewritable optical disc that allows a user to record data.
- a read-only optical disc a snorkel-shaped track or a concentric track is provided on a disc substrate, and along this track, a physical concave-convex shape (according to the information to be recorded) is provided. (Pit string) is formed.
- a rewritable optical disk a spiral or concentric groove is provided on a disk substrate, and a recording film is formed thereon. A track is set along this groove.
- a laser beam is irradiated along the track, and the intensity of the laser beam is modulated in accordance with the information to be recorded. (Recording mark) is formed.
- a track of one rotation is divided into a plurality of sectors (units of data) as a unit for recording and reproducing data, so that the position of necessary data on the optical disc is managed, and the data is recorded on a disc. Makes searches faster.
- the read-only optical disk and the rewritable optical disk differ in the data format, such as the matte modulation code.
- the overnight format of rewritable optical discs allows the user to record data for each sector.For example, an area for setting the laser power at the beginning of the recording area of each sector is provided. Also, it is necessary to provide an area at the end of the recording area to absorb the fluctuation of the rotation of the spindle motor.
- the re-cow-only optical disk -It is not necessary to cope with the rewriting of data by the. Therefore, in the case of a read-only optical disc, information recording at the time of manufacturing can be performed with high accuracy, and it is not necessary to provide an extra area for user recording like a rewritable optical disc.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional optical disc 301 having a rewritable area and a read-only area.
- a recording film is formed on a disc substrate so that a user can record and reproduce data.
- the optical disc 301 has a read-only area 302 provided on the outer periphery thereof, a reproduction-only area 303 provided on the inner periphery thereof, and a read-only area 300 provided on the inner periphery thereof. It has a rewritable area 305 formed between 2 and 303.
- a groove-shaped guide track 303 is formed, and the user can track a group (groove: group track) or land (inter-groove: land track) of this track. While recording and reproducing information data.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 300 for recording / reproducing the optical disk 30] of FIG.
- the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 300 is provided with an optical head 307 for recording or reproducing data, and a first apparatus for processing a reproduction signal from a rewritable area 305.
- a switch 308 for switching and outputting to the second signal processing unit.
- the first signal processing section 320 includes a first binarization circuit 310, a first PL (Phase-Locked Loop) 310, a first timing generation circuit 311, and a first Similarly, the second signal processing unit 3330 has a second binarization circuit 313, a second PL 314, and a second timing generator. It has a circuit 315 and a second demodulator 316.
- switch 308 is switched to the A terminal of the first signal processing section 322.
- the reproduced signal is first converted to a digital signal by the first binarization circuit 309, and is then clocked by the first PLL 310.
- the clock regeneration is performed.
- a gate signal for reading the user data is generated by the first timing generation circuit 311, and is demodulated to the binary data by the first demodulator 312.
- the demodulated data can be read by the conventional optical disc 301 as described above.
- the second signal for the read-only area is separately It is necessary to use the processing circuit 330. Therefore, when reproducing data in the reproduction-only area 302 or 303, the switch 308 is switched to the B terminal of the second signal processing circuit 330.
- the reproduced signal is converted into a digital signal by the second binarization circuit 313 as in the case described above, and the clock is reproduced by the second PLL 314.
- a gate signal for reading the user data is generated by the second timing generation circuit 315, and is demodulated to binary data by the second demodulator 316.
- the demodulated data is output from the second output terminal 318.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a data format in one sector 400 in a conventional rewritable optical disk 301. As shown in FIG.
- a sector identification data area 400 is arranged at the head of sector 400. Subsequently, a gap area 402 and a VFO area 403 are arranged, and thereafter, an information display area 450 and a buffer area 409 are provided.
- the sector identification data area 401 address information and the like for managing a sector are recorded.
- the gap area 402 is an area for absorbing signal disturbance at the start of data recording and for setting laser power for recording.
- the data to be recorded in the information data area 450 is divided into a plurality of data blocks 405a and 405b. 4 b,... Are added and recorded.
- the data synchronization sequence 404 (404a, 404b,...) Has a specific code, which does not occur in data in other areas modulated by the recording code. The turn is recorded. Also, ? In the 0 area 403, a code repetition pattern having a single cycle is recorded, and the clock pull-in is stabilized during reproduction. Buffer area 4 0 9 Absorbs rotation fluctuations at the end of recording.
- the repetition pattern of the VFO region 403 stabilizes the pull-in of the clock in the PLL circuit.
- the data synchronization sequence 404a is detected, and it is recognized that it is at the beginning of the information data area 450, and the first data block 405a is reproduced.
- the data synchronization sequence 404b is detected, and the next data block 405b is reproduced. Thereafter, by repeating the same operation, the data in the information data area 450 can be reproduced stably.
- the data rewritable area and the reproduction-only area have different data modulation codes as described above. Therefore, it is necessary to provide two signal processing circuits for the optical disk recording / reproducing device, one for the rewritable area and the other for the read-only area, and the circuit scale becomes complicated and large. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide an optical disc having a rewritable area and a read-only area, and a circuit size of a recording / reproducing device is small, and stable reproduction is possible. It is to provide a possible optical disk.
- the optical disk according to the present invention is an optical disk having a rewritable second recording area and a read-only second recording area.
- the first recording area has a first track composed of a group track which is a groove and a land track which is an inter-groove portion alternately arranged spirally or concentrically on the disk substrate.
- the first track is divided into a plurality of first sectors, and each first sector has a first header area containing identification data for identifying the first sector and an optical characteristic of the recording surface. Record And a first data area in which user data is recorded by the mark.
- the second data recording area has a second track (plurality) formed by physically or irregularly arranged pit rows arranged spirally or concentrically on the optical disk substrate.
- the second track is divided into a plurality of second sectors.
- Each second sector includes a second header area including an identification data for identifying the second sector, and a read-only data by a pit string. And a second data area in which one night is recorded.
- the first header region includes a first pit row having a physical uneven shape, and each pit of the first pit row is formed in the radial direction of the optical disc substantially equal to the width of the groove track.
- the second header area has a width and is shifted from the center line of the group track by about ⁇ of the pitch of the group track toward the outer circumference or the inner circumference. 2 pit rows, each pit of the second pit row having a width in the radial direction of the optical disc smaller than the width of the groove track, and substantially the second track being tracked. It is located on the center line, which achieves the above objectives.
- the data sequence of the first header region and the data sequence of the second header region are modulated with the same modulation code, and are used for the first data region.
- the data sequence and the data sequence in the second data area are modulated with the same modulation code.
- the identification data of the first header area and the identification data of the second header area have the same data arrangement and the same data capacity in the data format, and This data area and the second data area have the same data array and the same data capacity.
- a data bit interval between the first header area and the first data area in the rewritable first recording area, and the second header in the read-only second recording area is substantially equal.
- each of the] sectors are arranged between the first header area and the first data area.
- a third dummy data area disposed between the second data area and a second header area of the next second sector.
- the first dummy data area, the second dummy data area, and the third dummy data area have a specific arrangement pattern of a modulation code used for modulating data to be recorded.
- An optical disc has a rewritable first recording area and a read-only second recording area.
- the first recording area has a first track composed of a groove track as a groove and a land track as an inter-groove portion alternately arranged in a spiral or concentric manner on a disk substrate.
- the first track is divided into a plurality of first sectors, each of which has a first header area including identification data for identifying the sector No. 1 and an optical characteristic of a recording surface changed.
- the second data recording area has second tracks formed by physically uneven pit rows arranged spirally or concentrically on the optical disc substrate, and each second track is formed.
- the second sector is divided into a plurality of second sectors.
- Each second sector includes a second header area containing identification data for identifying the second sector, and a read-only data by a pit string.
- a recorded second data area The data sequences of the first and second recording areas are modulated using the same modulation code, the first and second sectors have the same data capacity, and the first and second sectors have the same data capacity.
- the identification data of the header area has the same data array, and the first and second data areas have the same data array and the same data format with the same data capacity. Achieved.
- each of the first sectors has a first dummy data area disposed between the first header area and the first data area
- Each of the second sectors includes a second dummy data area disposed between the second header area and the second data area, a second data area and a next second sector.
- a third dummy data area disposed between the second and third dummy data areas of the disk substrate. It contains data of a data sequence different from the data sequence of the corresponding dummy data area in the track adjacent inside or outside.
- the second and third dummy data regions include, at least in part, a random data sequence that has no correlation with a data sequence arranged in a corresponding dummy data region of an adjacent track.
- the random data sequence may be a data sequence generated by an M sequence sequence.
- the second and third dummy data areas are arranged at least on the random data series having no correlation with the data series of each dummy data area of an adjacent track, and are arranged following the random data series. It may include a specific arrangement pattern included in the modulation code.
- the second and third dummy data areas may include a data synchronization sequence for specifying a start timing position of the second data area at least in a-part thereof.
- a plurality of types of data synchronization sequence patterns may be switched and arranged for each track.
- the second and third dummy data areas are generated by at least partially scrambling predetermined specific data based on address information of the sector identification data, and modulating with the modulation code. May have a patterned pattern.
- one error correction block is constituted by a predetermined number k (k is an integer) of the first sector or the second sector, and data is recorded in k integral multiples of sectors. , K dummy data is recorded in the remaining sectors.
- the optical disc according to the present invention has a rewritable first recording area and a read-only second recording area.
- the second sector is ⁇ It has a second header region including the identification data and a second data area playback-only interrogator is ⁇ human ⁇ by pit row.
- At least one of the first and second data areas is located at the beginning of the data area, and a first data synchronization sequence for specifying a start time position of the information data area; A second data synchronization sequence that is arranged before the data synchronization sequence for specifying the start timing position of the information data area; and a second data synchronization sequence that is arranged before the second data synchronization sequence, and And a third data synchronization sequence having a specific repetitive arrangement pattern of the modulation code in the above, thereby achieving the above object.
- the information data area is divided and arranged in a plurality of data packages, the first data synchronization sequence is arranged at the beginning of each data block, and divided and arranged.
- the second data synchronization sequence is arranged further before the first data synchronization sequence arranged at the head of the first data block of the plurality of data blocks.
- the digital integrated value obtained by converting “1” into one value and “0” into one value in the second data synchronization sequence and integrating all codes is zero.
- the second data synchronization sequence is based on a modulation code rule of a mark length (“1” or “0” level) and a space length (“0” or “1! Level) in the information data area. Satisfies the maximum and minimum lengths that are the limits.
- the mark length in the second data synchronization sequence and the space Mean value of the scan length, the third data synchronous mark length sequence and a long c is preferably from space length, the second data synchronous series, 4-bit one set and the codes Symposium Le, ⁇ 01 00 , "Factory 0010", “Factory 1 000”, “Factory 0001”, “Factory 0000", and a combination of a plurality of symbols.
- the second data synchronization sequence is a data sequence including a code sequence of “0000 0100 01 00 1000 0010 0001 00 10 0000 1 000 00] 0 0001 0000”.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a rewritable ⁇ -function area and a read-only area of an optical disc according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A to 2I are diagrams showing a data format and a reproduction signal of an optical disc according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a reproduction signal processing unit for reproducing an optical disc according to the present invention.
- 4A to 4I are diagrams showing a data format and a reproduction signal of an optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the principle of tracking control by the phase error detection method.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a waveform of a tracking error signal when the same data sequence is recorded on an adjacent track.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a waveform of a tracking error signal when a different data sequence is recorded on an adjacent track.
- 8A to 8D are diagrams showing examples of data formats of a dummy data area according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an optical disc on which dummy data for sector control is recorded according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10 and 8 are diagrams showing a data format of a rewritable area according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 11 and 8 show data reproduction-only areas according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows one mat.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a circuit for generating scrambled data according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a modulation code conversion table.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing a rewritable area of an optical disc and a format of a read-only area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a comparison of the characteristics of each pattern of the second data synchronization sequence according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a second data synchronization sequence detection circuit.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a detection method and a detection range of the second data synchronization sequence.
- FIGS. 18A to 18C are diagrams for explaining the change in the slice level of binarization.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B are diagrams showing the autocorrelation functions of Pattern 1 and Pattern 4 when there is no error in the reproduced signal.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing autocorrelation functions of pattern 1 and pattern 4 when an edge shift occurs from one to three places in the synchronous pattern detection window.
- FIGS. 20C and D are diagrams showing the autocorrelation functions of Pattern 1 and Pattern 4 when the slice level changes.
- FIG. 21 illustrates a conventional optical disk.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a conventional reproduction signal processing path for reproducing an optical disk.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a data format of a conventional optical disc.
- an optical disk 1 in the optical disc according to the present embodiment, has a read-only area 2 provided on an outer peripheral portion thereof and a read-only area 2 provided on an inner peripheral portion thereof. It has a live only area 3 and a rewritable area 5 formed between the reproduction only areas 2 and 3.
- tracks are formed by physical or pit rows of dogs or concentrically arranged concavities and convexities. Each pit in the pit row is formed with a pit length and arrangement according to the read-only data recorded in the read-only areas 2 and 3.
- spiral or concentric guide grooves (guide tracks) 6 are formed on the disk substrate. The information information is recorded on the group track which is the groove of the guide groove 6 and the land track which is the space between the grooves. The group track and the land track are collectively referred to as an information track. In FIG. 1, spiral tracks are shown in all areas.
- the information track in the rewritable area 5 is divided into a plurality of sectors, and each sector has a first header area containing identification data for identifying the sector and an optical characteristic of a recording surface changed. And a first data area in which user data is recorded by the recording mark.
- the track is divided into a plurality of sectors, and each sector is divided into a second header area including identification data for identifying the sector, and a pit row. And a second data area in which read-only data is recorded.
- FIG. 2A to 2H are views for explaining the data format of the optical disc 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2A shows an example of a data format in each sector 10 of the rewritable area 5
- FIG. 2C shows a physical shape of a corresponding information track.
- the data format of two adjacent information tracks is shown corresponding to the physical arrangement.
- the group Tracks 7 and land tracks 8 are alternately arranged. The user can record desired information (user data) on both the groove track 7 and the land track 8 by tracking the group track 7 and the land track 8 respectively.
- the sector ⁇ 0 includes a first header area 11 (sector identification data PID1 and PID2) and an information area 20.
- a mirror mark 12 (M) and a gap area 13 (GAP a and GAP b) are provided between the first header area 11 and the information area 2 °.
- the information area 20 includes a first dummy data area 15 (VFO area: VF0a and VFOb), a first data area 17 (DATAa and DATAb), and a guard data, as described later in detail.
- Overnight area 18 (GDa and GDb) is included.
- a buffer area 19 (BUF a and BU F b) is provided between the information area 20 and the first header area 1 ⁇ of the next sector 10 ′.
- the area provided on the groove track 7 is indicated by a (for example, VFOa and DATAa), and the area provided on the land track 8 is indicated by b (for example, VFOb and DATAb). The same applies to the following description unless otherwise specified.
- the first header area 11 includes a pit row 21 (pit rows 21a and 21b) having a physically uneven shape.
- the width of each pit of the pit row 21 in the disk radial direction is substantially equal to the width of the guide groove 6 (groove track 7).
- the pitch rows 21a and 21b are displaced from the center line of the corresponding guide groove 6 to the outer or inner circumference by about one quarter of the pitch of the guide groove 6 (group pitch Tp). Is wobbled.
- the first header area 11 is divided into a first half 11a and a second half 1] b, and the pit row 21a corresponding to the first half is shifted to the outer peripheral side, and is shifted to the second half.
- the corresponding pit row 21b is shifted inward.
- the tracking servo can be performed for either the groove track 7 or the land track 8.
- the first header area 11 can be reproduced. This allows groove track 7 and run There is no need to provide a separate header area exclusively for the Detrack 8.
- the pit rows indicating the positions of the group track 7 and the land track 8 should not overlap each other.
- a technique for forming a pit row having a width smaller than the width of the guide groove 6 is required. Such a narrow pit row can be cut by using a beam different from the beam that cuts the guide groove 6, but it is necessary to keep the position accuracy of the two beams constant. Have difficulty.
- the present embodiment it is necessary to provide another cutting beam by coupling a power beam for forming the guide groove 6 from the center of the guide groove 6 (group track 7) to the left and right using an AO modulator or the like. Therefore, the first header area 1 (pit system 1) can be easily and accurately formed on the optical disc 1.
- the mirror mark 12 provided after the header area 11 is used to determine which of the groove track 7 and the land track 8 is tracking.
- the start end 14 of the information area 20 is located in the mirror mark 12 and the first header area 11 even when the optical disc 1 has rotational jitter.
- This area is provided on the group track (13a) and on the land track (13b) so that they do not overlap.
- the information area 20 is an area in which the user records desired data. As described above, the first dummy data area 15 (VFOa and VFOb), the first data area 17 (DATA a and DATA b), and Gardde overnight area 18 (GDa and GDb) ( Figure 2A).
- information is recorded by irradiating the recording film formed on the optical disc 1 with a laser beam to change the optical characteristics (reflectance) of the recording film.
- the recording film of this embodiment By changing the recording film of this embodiment to an amorphous state, it is possible to form a recording mark having a different reflectivity from that of the other portions, as shown in FIG. a is formed, and a recording mark train 22 b is formed on the land track 8.
- the first dummy data area 15 stores, for example, a logical signal of the reproduced signal from the optical disc 1.
- a specific pattern (a specific bit length) of a modulation code used for modulating data is continuously recorded.
- Desired user data including an error correction code and the like is recorded in the first data area 17.
- the guard data area 18 is arranged at the end of the first data area 17 in order to ensure the stability of the reproduction signal processing circuit.
- the buffer area 19 is an area in which no data is recorded. Like the gap area 13, even when there is a rotation jitter of the optical disc 1, the end of the information area 20 ends at the next sector 10 ′. Header area 1] 'Provided so that they do not overlap.
- data is recorded on the groove track 7 and the land track 8 according to the data format described above.
- FIG. 2B shows an example of a data format in each sector 10 of the track 9 in the read-only area 2 or 3, and FIG. 2D schematically shows the physical shape of the track by the corresponding bit sequence.
- a track 9 is formed by a pit row (pre-pit) recorded in advance.
- the pit rows in the read-only areas 2 and 3 are formed according to the same physical format in any data area. That is, the bit string 29 is narrower than the width (group width) of the guide groove 6 (groove track 7) formed in the radially rewritable area 5 of the optical disk 1 (pit width) and tracking. All the pits are arranged almost on the center line of the track to be servoed.
- the track is divided into multiple sectors 30 to record the necessary information location and search for the location. To be able to be faster. It is preferable for practical use of information recording and reproduction if it is possible to unify the management of sectors in the read-only areas 2 and 3 and the rewritable area 5 existing on one optical disc and to unify processing such as sector search.
- the length of the sector in the read-only areas 2 and 3 and the header area The length of the data area to be recorded in each sector, and the length of the sector, the length of the header area, and the length of the data area to be recorded in each sector in the rewritable area 5
- the data format of the read-only area is matched with the data format of the rewritable area.
- the sector 30 includes a second header area 31 (sector identification data PID 1 and PID 2) and a second data area 37.
- a second dummy data area 35 (VFO1) is provided between the second header area 31 and the second data area 37.
- a third dummy data area 38 is provided between the second data area 37 and the second header area 31 ′ of the next sector 30 ′.
- the uneven bit string formed in the second header area 31 is displaced to the inner and outer circumferences like the first header area of the rewritable area 5. However, it is arranged almost on the center line of track 9 (bit string 29) to be tracked. Further, the width of the pit row 21 in the rewritable area 5 is substantially equal to the group width, but the width of the pit row 29 in the read-only areas 2 and 3 (the ) Is formed narrower than the group width.
- a row of pits having an irregular shape is arranged on the optical disc 1 substantially on the center line of the track 9 on which tracking servo is performed in accordance with data to be recorded.
- the first header area 11 in the rewritable area 5 and the second header area 31 in the read-only areas 2 and 3 are:
- the data capacity, data format (signal arrangement), and modulation code are the same.
- the first data storage area 7 in the rewritable area 5 and the second data storage area 37 in the read-only areas 2 and 3 have a data capacity, a data format (signal arrangement). ), And the modulation code are the same.
- start ends (start timings) 1 and 6 of the first data area 17 in the rewritable area 5 and the read-only areas 2 and 3 The start end (start timing) 36 of the second data area 37 is matched.
- the format of the first and second header areas 11 and 31 and the first and second data overnight areas 17 and 37 in the rewritable area 5 and the read-only areas 2 and 3 is obtained.
- the tracking error signal is interrupted and the tracking servo becomes unstable. It is provided in order to prevent from becoming.
- the data of the second dummy data area 35 for example, a specific data pattern of the same modulation code as the first dummy data area 15 (VFO area) in the exchangeable area 5 is arranged. As a result, it is possible to quickly and stably operate the PLL circuit of the reproducing circuit. However, in order to stabilize the tracking servo, other random data or arbitrary data may be arranged.
- the third dummy data area 38 is arranged to prevent the tracking error signal from being interrupted and the tracking servo from becoming unstable.
- both the pit row of the second header area 31 and the pit row of the second data area 37 are almost the same as those of the track 9 subjected to tracking servo. They are arranged on the center line. Further, between the second header area 31 of the sector 30 and the second data area 37, and the second data area 37 of the sector 30 and the second data area of the next sector 30 '. The second and third dummy data areas 35 and 38 are filled between the header area 3 # and the third dummy data area 35, respectively. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2D, the physical arrangement of the pit rows 29 is a uniform arrangement along the tracks in all the read-only areas 2 and 3.
- the format of the optical disc 1 according to the present embodiment it is possible to reproduce the first header area 11 even when tracking either the groove track 7 or the land track 8. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a dedicated header area for the groove track 7 and the land track 8.
- the cutting beam forming the guide groove 6 (group track 7) is moved right and left from the track center, so that the first header region 11 can be easily and accurately placed on the optical disc 1. Since it can be formed, there is no need to separately provide a dedicated cutting light source for forming the first header region. Therefore, the preformat formation of the rewritable area 5 of the optical disc 1 according to the present embodiment can be easily realized with a single cutting light source, and the circuit scale of the recording / reproducing apparatus can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a reproduction signal processing unit of the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 100 for performing recording / reproduction of the optical disk 1 according to the present embodiment having the above data format.
- the reproduction signal processing section of the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 100 includes a two-segment photodetector 110, an addition operational amplifier 111, a differential operational amplifier 112, a switch circuit 113. , Binarization circuit 1] 4, PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) 1 15, PID reproduction circuit 1 16, evening im- age generation circuit 1 17, demodulator 1 18, and envelope detection circuit 1 2 0 have.
- PLL Phase-Locked Loop
- the two-segment photodetectors 110 are included in an optical head (not shown), and have a groove track 7 and a run of a writable area 5 on the optical disc 1. Reflected light from the track 8 (record mark 22 or pit row 21) and the track 9 (pit row 29) of the read-only areas 2 and 3 are received and converted into a reproduced signal.
- the operational amplifier 111 generates a sum signal S1 of two detection signals obtained from the two parts 110a and 110b of the two-divided photodetector 110, and outputs the sum signal S1 to the switch circuit ⁇ 13. Power.
- the operational amplifier 1 1 2 generates a difference signal S 2 between the two detection signals and outputs the signal to the switch circuit 1 3 and the envelope detection circuit 1 20.
- the switch circuit 113 switches the sum signal S1 and the difference signal S2 to input a binarization circuit] 14.
- the envelope detection circuit 120 detects the envelope of the difference signal S2, and when the amplitude of the difference signal S2 exceeds a certain threshold, outputs the control signal S3 to the switch circuit 113 to switch.
- the circuit 113 is switched to output the difference signal S2 as the output signal S4 of the switch circuit 113.
- the output signal S 4 (sum signal S 1 or difference signal S 2) of the switch circuit is binarized by a binarization circuit 114.
- the binarization circuit 114 binarizes the signal S 4 according to a threshold value set for each of the sum 1 signal S 1 and the difference signal S 2, and converts the digital signal S 5 to a PLL 11 Output to 5.
- the PLL 115 extracts a reproduction clock from the digital signal S5 and outputs the reproduction clock to a PID reproduction circuit 16 that reproduces a sector identification signal from each header area.
- the timing generation circuit 1 17 receives the sector identification signal read by the P] D reproduction circuit 1 16 from the sector identification signal read from the data area 17 and 37 where the user data is recorded.
- the start end 16 of the recording data and the start end 36) of FIG. 2B are determined, and the demodulator 118 is activated by the control signal S6.
- the demodulator 1 18 demodulates and outputs the user data.
- the output of the sum signal S 1 in the rewritable area 5 corresponds to the amplitude 4 ⁇ of the portion corresponding to the first header area 11, and the predetermined threshold value 4 Since it is smaller than 0, binarization is not detected by the binarization circuit 1 1 4.
- the first header area 11 is slightly displaced from the center of the information track to the outer peripheral side (11a) or the inner peripheral side (11b), so that the pit rows 2] a and This is because the light (beam from the light head) is diffracted by the 2b and the light received by the photodetector 110 is reduced.
- the amplitude 42 of the portion corresponding to the information area 20 of the sum signal S1 is 2 Exceeds threshold value threshold of 40. Therefore, binarization is detected by the binarization circuit 114, and a reproduced signal is obtained.
- FIG. 2F shows the output of the difference signal S 2 in the rewritable area 5.
- the outer circumference of the two-segment photodetector 110 is shifted.
- the reflected light is diffracted more to the portion 110a.
- the difference signal S2 output from the two-segment photodetector 110 has an amplitude 51a exceeding the positive threshold value 50a for binarization. Therefore, binarization is detected by the binarization circuit 114, and a raw signal is obtained.
- the inner side portion 110 of the two-split photodetector 110 is The reflected light is diffracted more by b. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2F, the difference signal S 2 output from the two-segment photodetector 110 has an amplitude 51 b exceeding the negative threshold value 50 b of binarization. . Therefore, the binarization is detected by the binarization circuit 114 to obtain a reproduced signal.
- the outer peripheral portion 110a of the two-split photodetector 110 and The amount of received light in the inner peripheral portion 110b becomes substantially equal. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2F, the amplitude 52 of the difference signal S2 becomes very small, and does not reach the binarization threshold value 51a (51b).
- the outer peripheral portion 110a and the inner peripheral portion 110 of the two-segment photodetector 110 are similarly provided. The light receiving amounts of b become substantially equal, and the difference signal S 2 is not substantially output. Therefore, in an area other than the first header area 11, the difference signal S 2 is not binarized and no reproduced signal is obtained.
- FIG. 2H shows the output waveform of the sum signal S] in the read-only areas 2 and 3. Since the pitch IJ 29 recorded in the read-only areas 2 and 3 is located on the center line of the track 9 to be tracked and servoed, as shown in FIG.
- the sum signal S 1 has an amplitude 43 sufficient for value detection. Therefore, without discriminating between the second header area 31 and the second data area 37, all areas can be binarized by outputting the sum signal S1. Therefore, there is no need to switch the switch circuits 113 in the read-only areas 2 and 3.
- the configuration of the reproduction signal processing unit of the optical disk recording / reproduction device 100 that reproduces information from the optical disk 1 is different from the conventional one. There is no need to separately construct a playback signal processing circuit for the rewritable area and the read-only area. Therefore, the signal processing unit can be shared, the circuit size of the optical disk recording and reproducing apparatus can be reduced, and a highly reliable reproduction signal processing circuit can be realized with a simpler circuit configuration.
- FIGS. 4A to 4H are diagrams for explaining the data format of the optical disc according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the basic configuration of the optical disc is the same as the configuration of the optical disc 1 according to the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the track of one rotation of the optical disk is divided into a plurality of sectors. At the head of each sector, a header area including sector identification data indicating address information of the sector is provided. In this embodiment, the configuration of the data format of the read-only area will be mainly described.
- FIG. 4A shows an example of a data format in each sector 10 of the rewritable area 5, and FIG. 4C shows a physical shape of a corresponding information track.
- the groove portion becomes a group track 7 and the inter-groove portion becomes a land track 8. Therefore, in the rewritable area 5 on the optical disk, the group tracks 7 and the land tracks 8 are alternately arranged.
- the user can record desired information (user data) in both the groove track 7 and the land track 8 by tracking the group track 7 and the land track 8 respectively.
- the group truck 7 and the land truck are used.
- Track 8 is combined and shown as Information Track 6 '.
- the sector 10 has a first header area 11 at the beginning.
- the first header area 11 is divided into a first half 11a (sector identification data PID 1) and a second half 11b (sector identification data PID 2).
- the pit rows 21a and 21b with physical irregularities are formed corresponding to the second half 11b (Fig. 4C).
- the width of each of the pit rows 21a and 21b in the radial direction of the disk is substantially equal to the width of the guide groove 6 (groove track 7).
- the pit row 21 is formed on the outer or inner circumferential side (ie, in the opposite direction) from the center line of the corresponding guide groove 6 by about a quarter of the pitch of the guide groove 6 (groove pitch p). Wobbled).
- the pit row 21a is shifted to the inner circumference side
- the pit row 21b is shifted to the outer circumference side.
- the tracking servo can be performed for either the groove track 7 or the land track 8. Also, the first header area 11 can be reproduced. This eliminates the need to provide separate header areas for the groove track 7 and the land track 8.
- a mirror area 12 is provided after the first header area 11.
- the mirror region 12 is a flat surface on which no groove and no pit are formed, and is used, for example, to determine the offset of the tracking servo.
- a gap region 13 (GAP) is provided.
- the gap area 13 (GAP) is used for the information track 6 so that the start end 24 of the information area 20 does not overlap with the mirror area 12 or the first header area 11 even when the optical disc 1 has rotational jitter. 'This is the area provided above.
- Information area 20 is an area in which information or data is recorded, moth one Dodeta region 23 of the] (GD I) ⁇ first Damide Isseki region 1 5 (VFO), the first de Isseki area 17 (DATA), and a second guard data area 18 (GD 2). Also, a buffer area 19 (BUF) is provided between the information area 20 and the first header area 1 # of the next sector 10 '.
- the first guard data area 23 is provided for ensuring the stability of the reproduction signal processing circuit.
- the first dummy data area 15 (VFO) is a VP, O area provided to operate the PLL pull-in in the reproduction signal processing circuit quickly and stably, and a specific pattern (modulation code) used for data modulation is used. (Specific bit length) or continuously recorded. Desired user data including an error correction code and the like is recorded in the first data area 17.
- the second guard data area 18 is arranged at the end of the first data area 17 to ensure the stability of the reproduction signal processing circuit.
- the buffer area 19 is an area in which no data is recorded. Like the gap area 13, even when there is rotational jitter of the optical disk, the end of the information area 20 ends at the next sector.
- information is recorded by irradiating a recording film formed on the optical disc 1 with a laser beam to change the optical characteristics (reflectance) of the recording film. For example, by changing a recording film in a crystalline state to an amorphous state, a recording mark having a different reflectance from other portions can be formed. As shown in FIG. 4C, a recording mark array 22 a is formed on the groove track 7, and a recording mark array 22 b is formed on the land track 8.
- the groove track 7 and the land track 8 are formed according to the above data format, and data is recorded.
- the data format of the read-only area is matched with the data format of the rewritable area.
- the figure shows an example of data format in each sector 30 of the track 9 in the read-only area 2 or 3, and FIG. 4D schematically shows the physical shape of the track by the corresponding pit row. I have.
- pit rows (pre-pits) recorded in advance The track 9 is thus formed.
- the pit rows in the read-only areas 2 and 3 are formed according to the same physical format in any data area as in the first embodiment. That is, the pitch row 29 is smaller than the radial width (pit width) of the optical disc 1, the width (group width) of the guide groove 6 (groove track 7) formed in the rewritable area 5, and the tracking servo. All of the pits are arranged almost on the center line of the track.
- the sector 30 includes a second header area 31 (sector identification data PID 1 and PID 2) and a second data area 37 ( DATA).
- a second dummy data area 33 (DMY1) is provided between the second header area 3] and the second data area 37.
- a third dummy data area 34 is provided between the second data area 37 and the second header area 3] of the next sector 30 ′. .
- the sector identification data PID 1 and PID 2 in the second header area 31 are used in order to make the length of the second header area 31 substantially equal to the length of the first header area 1. It is repeatedly recorded in the first half and the second half of the second header area 31 according to the sector identification data PID 1 and P PD 2 in the area 11. However, the concave and convex pit rows formed in the second header area are not shifted and arranged inward and outward like the pit rows 21a and 21b formed in the first header area. Are arranged almost on the center line of the track 9 where the servo is performed.
- the amount of information recorded in one sector 30 is made equal to the amount of information recorded in one sector 10 in the rewritable area 5, and a format such as an error correction code to be added is added.
- the length of the first data area 17 is substantially the same as the length of the data area by making the data areas the same.
- embossed recording in a read-only area can be performed with high precision during disc production.
- data since data is simply reproduced in the reproduction-only area, it is not necessary to cope with rewriting of data overnight by the user. Therefore, in the reproduction-only area, the gap area 13, the first guard data area 23, the second guard data area 18, and the knocker area 19 provided in the rewritable area are unnecessary. .
- the second dummy data area 33 is arranged in a portion sandwiched between the header area 31 and the data area 37 in each sector 30, and the data area 37 and the next sector 30 are arranged.
- a third dummy area 34 is arranged between the header area 3 1 and the header area 3 1.
- the data to be recorded in the second and third dummy data areas 33 and 34 are, for example, used for data modulation similar to the first dummy data area 15 (VFO) in the rewritable area.
- a specific pattern of a modulation code (a specific pulse width and a specific bit length pattern corresponding to a panorama interval) can be recorded continuously. By using such a specific pattern, the PLL pull-in of the reproduction signal processing circuit can be operated stably even in the reproduction-only area.
- a mirror area may be provided between the header area 31 and the second dummy area 33 as in the rewritable area.
- the reproduction of the optical disk according to the present embodiment is exactly the same as the case of the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 100 described in the first embodiment with reference to FIG.
- the envelope detection signal, the difference signal in the rewritable area, the sum signal in the rewritable area, and the sum signal in the reproduction-only area are as shown in FIGS. 4E to 4H, respectively.
- the main portion of the data format is arranged substantially in the same manner, for example, by making the sector length the same in the rewritable area and the reproduction-only area, and thus the reproduction is performed.
- the data area 17 of the rewritable area and the data area 37 of the reproduction-only area are displayed so as to be arranged at the same timing.
- the present invention is not limited to this. If the lengths of the deni-areas are equal, the unified sector management according to the present invention can be effectively performed even if the arrangement is shifted back and forth. (Example 3)
- a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- a description will be given of a data array capable of stably performing a tracking servo in reproduction of a reproduction-only area.
- the data format of the optical disc in this embodiment is the same as that of the optical disc described in Embodiment 2 for both the rewritable area and the read-only area.
- a phase difference detection method is an effective tracking servo method for the track formed by the pit row 29.
- the second and third dummy data areas 33 and 34 shown in FIG. 4B include the specific pattern (specific pulse width and pulse width) of the modulation code used for data modulation. (A specific bit length pattern corresponding to the interval) is continuously arranged.
- specific pulse width and pulse width the modulation code used for data modulation.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the principle of obtaining a tracking error signal by the phase difference detection method.
- the beam spot 57 tracks an uneven pit row 29 forming the track 9 in the read-only area.
- the light of the beam spot 57 is reflected by the pit row 29, and the reflected light is detected by the quadrant photodetector 58. It is.
- the quadrant photodetector 58 receives the reflected light from the beam spot 57 and converts it into an electric signal.
- the quadrant photodetector 58 is composed of four division planes A, B, C, and D.
- the operational amplifier 59 generates the sum signal S 11 of the division plane C, and the operational amplifier 60 generates the sum signal S 12 of the division plane B + D.
- the phase comparator 61 compares the phases of the two sum signals S 11 and S 12 to generate a tracking error signal S 13.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show tracking error signals obtained by the above-described phase difference detection method when the beam spot 57 deviates from the track center.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where exactly the same data pattern is recorded on the target track 9a (pit row 29a) to be tracked and the adjacent track 9b (bit row 29b).
- the output waveforms of the sum signals S11 and S12 when the beam spot 57 deviates from the target track 9a are shown.
- the locus 64 of the beam spot 57 deviates from the target track 9a.
- the light of the beam spot 57 is diffracted by the upper edge of the pit row 29 a of the target track 9 a to the 4-divided surface A + B side of the 4-divided photodetector 58. Is done.
- the adjacent track 9b also has the exact same pattern of the row of bits 29b, the light of the beam spot 57 simultaneously emits the light below the pitch row 29b of the adjacent track 9b. By the side edge, it is diffracted to the C + D side of the quadrant. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows the sum signals S11 and S12 by the phase difference detection method when pits of a data sequence different from that of the target track 9a are arranged on the track 9b adjacent to the target track 9a.
- FIG. 4 is an output waveform diagram of FIG. Similarly to FIG. 6, it is assumed that the beam spot 57 tracks a locus 64 deviating from the target track 9a.
- the light of the beam spot 57 is radiated by the upper wedge of the pit row 29 a of the target track 9 a and the four-division surface A 10 of the four-division light detector 58 Light is diffracted to the B side.
- the light of the beam spot 57 is diffracted by the lower edge of the pit row 29b of the adjacent track 9b to the quadrant C + D side.
- the arrangement pattern of the pits is different between the target track 9a and the adjacent track 9b, in the portions 65 and 66 where the pit edges of the two adjacent tracks are identical, as shown in FIG. Since the outputs of the two sum signals S 11 and S 12 match and no phase difference is generated, the positions of the pit edges on the two adjacent tracks are different in the other portions, so the two sum signals S 1 There is a phase difference between 1 and S12.
- FIG. 8A shows an example of a format in which random data 73 and 74 generated in an M sequence are arranged in the second dummy data area 33 and the third dummy data area 34.
- Fig. 8B shows that the second dummy data area 33 has the same M-sequence random data 73 as in Fig. 8A, followed by a VFO area 15 (Fig. An example of a format in which a specific pattern of a modulation code used for similar data modulation is arranged is shown.
- VFO 1 the reproduction signal processing circuit for the data area 37 arranged subsequently thereto is used. This has the effect of stabilizing the pull-in of the PLL.
- the tracking error signal S13 is not generated in the VFO area 75, but since the VFO area 75 is a part of the dummy data area, the tracking servo can be stably applied before and after the VFO area 75, which is a practical problem. There is no.
- FIG. 8C and 8D show examples of formats in which data synchronization sequences 76 and 77, respectively, which can specify the timing of the start point of the data area 37, are arranged in the second dummy data area 33. Show. Figure 8C shows an even track, and Figure 8D shows an odd track. As described above, in order to secure a stable tracking servo in the phase error detection method, it is necessary to arrange different data sequences between adjacent tracks. Therefore, different data synchronization sequences 76 and 77 are arranged for the even track (FIG. 8C) and the odd track (FIG. 8D).
- the even-numbered track is provided with a data synchronization sequence 76 that counts up at the closing value FF (HEX).
- the regularity (count-up) of the data synchronization sequence 76 makes it possible to reach the starting point of the data area 37. Since the data can be detected in real time in the second dummy data area 33, the starting point of the data area 37 can be reliably recognized.
- a data synchronization sequence 77 that counts down at the closing value 00 (HEX) is arranged in the odd track.
- the timing up to the start point of the data area 37 can be detected in real time in the second dummy data area 33 by the regularity (countdown) of the data synchronization sequence 77.
- the tracking error in the read-only area is a phase error detection method by randomizing the data arrangement of the second dummy data area 33 between adjacent tracks.
- a relatively stable servo is possible.
- the tracking servo can be stabilized and the start point of the data area 37 can be reliably detected.
- the data arrangement of the second dummy data area 33 has been described above. However, the data arrangement preferable for the tracking servo can be similarly applied to the third dummy data area 34.
- the reproduction operation (tracking servo) in the reproduction-only area has been described. However, the reproduction operation in the rewritable area is as described in the first embodiment by the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 100 (FIG. 3). (Example 4)
- the data pattern (code) recorded in the dummy data area can be directly generated at the time of reproduction.
- a method using a modulation code to reduce the correlation between dummy data recorded on adjacent tracks is described. I will tell.
- one value is determined in advance as data to be recorded in the dummy data area.
- data with little correlation is generated.
- (F F), (0 0), etc. expressed in hexadecimal, all bits are 0 or 1, so data can be easily generated based on this value.
- Scrambling is realized by generating random data such as an M-sequence from a certain initial value, and taking an exclusive OR of this and data to be recorded. The method of generating the scrambled data will be described in detail in a later embodiment.
- the data after scrambling will be the same. Even if the data to be recorded is the same, the correlation between data after scrambling can be reduced by changing the initial value. It is difficult to change the initial value in all sectors, because a large number of initial values must be maintained. In order to reduce the correlation of the dummy data area between adjacent tracks, the initial value may be different between adjacent sectors, and the same data may be used for one round of the track. In addition, when the number of sectors included in one round of the track changes depending on the radial position of the optical disc h, it is sufficient that the number of consecutive sectors having the same initial value is less than the minimum number of sections included in one round of the track. t, it will be.
- M be the number of consecutive sectors with the same initial value
- the N initial values can be obtained, for example, as follows. First, the data of the address information of the sector identification data is expressed in binary, and the 4-bit data from the 5th to the 8th bit counted from the least significant bit is used.
- the data to be recorded is scrambled using these initial values, and is further modulated with a recording code and recorded in a dummy data area.
- the data to be recorded on the optical disk is the data area 17 (rewritable area) or the data area 3 of each sector. 7 (Reproduction-only area)
- the error correction code is added to the recording data of each sector.
- this error correction code there is a method of performing error correction coding on a set of a plurality of sectors, instead of a correction code method that is completed within each sector. Such a group of multiple sectors is called an ECC block.
- the ECC block is a unit of error correction coding.
- the number of sectors recorded in the rewritable area and the playback-only area is both an integral multiple of the ECC block. That is, in each area, an integral multiple of k sectors is recorded.
- the number of sectors for one round of the track is not always an integral multiple of the number of sectors included in one ECC block. Therefore, when multiple ECC blocks are recorded, the data does not always end at a point where one round of the track is good. In many cases, the data ends in the middle of one round of the track. In the rewritable area, even if unrecorded sectors remain overnight, the tracking control can be performed because the group or land guide track is formed. In the read-only area, if there is an unrecorded sector, the bit string formed there will be interrupted, making tracking control unstable. Therefore, in this embodiment, dummy data is recorded for the remaining sections after the recording data is completed in order to fill the track circumference with data so that sector management can be performed on a track basis.
- dummy data to be recorded for example, a specific pattern (specific pulse width and pulse interval) of a modulation code similar to the VFO area 15 in the rewritable area can be continuously arranged.
- the PLL of the reproduction signal processing circuit can be operated stably even in a sector where no user data is recorded.
- FIG. 9 shows an optical disc 1 ′ according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, at the connection portion between the read-only area 3 and the rewritable area 5 on the inner periphery, dummy data is recorded in the sector 71 of the read-only area 3. Similarly, dummy data is also recorded in sector 72 of read-only area 2 at the connection between read-only area 2 and rewritable area 5 on the outer periphery.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B show the layout of sector 10 of the rewritable area
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show the layout of sector 30 of the read-only area.
- the amount of data recorded in one sector is assumed to be 24048 B (B represents bytes, and so forth). Also, 4B is added to the data ID indicating the data area number (sector address), 2B to the IED to detect data ID errors, and 6B to the RSV as a spare. Add EDC. These are collectively referred to as the first data unit.
- the information data section (20448B) is scrambled. The scrambling method is the same as that used for the dummy data area shown in the fourth embodiment, and is performed as follows.
- the shift register is configured to generate the so-called M-sequence data, and the initial value is set to this.
- the initial value in the shift register is sequentially shifted in synchronization with the data to generate pseudo-random data. Scramble is realized by taking the exclusive OR of the pseudo-random data and the information data to be recorded for each bit.
- the information data is 248 B, and the data amount is 2 11. Therefore, as the M-sequence, a primitive polynomial of 2 11 or more is required. In a primitive polynomial that forms the M-sequence and has 3 to 5 terms with more than 11 terms, the next smallest order is 15 power. As an example, let us use a primitive trinomial (X + X 4 +) with 2 to the 15th power terms. Shift register of this primitive polynomial 1 5 0 Fig. 12 shows the realization by.
- the length of the shift register 150 is 15 bits (entry rl4 to r0).
- the shift register 150 performs an exclusive OR operation on the bit of the entry rl4 and the bit of the entry rlO, and feeds the result back to the entry rO.
- pseudo-random data can be generated.
- an exclusive OR operation is performed on the lower 8 bits (entries r7 to r0) of the shift register 150 and the 8 bits (1B) of the information register every 8 clocks, This is repeated 204 times.
- the information data of one sector is scrambled.
- the information data of each sector can be scrambled independently (substantially without correlation).
- the number of consecutive sectors having the same initial value is M, and the type of the initial value is N.
- M and N can be created from the address information of the sector included in the identification data. If the values of M and N are powers of 2, it is easy to generate such scrambled data.
- 16 sectors of the first data unit subjected to the scramble processing are collected to constitute an error correction code by the Reed-Solomon code.
- the data for one sector is arranged in 17 2 B x 12 rows, and collected for 16 sectors, thereby forming an array of 17 2 BX 19 2 rows.
- An outer code of 16 B is added to each column of this array.
- an inner code of 10 B is added to each row.
- 1 8 2 BX 2 0 A data block of 8 lines (3 7 8 5 6 B) is constructed. This is called an ECC block.
- interleaving is performed so that the 16B outer code is included in each sector.
- modulation is performed using the recording code.
- an RLL code in which the run length after modulation is limited (Run Length Limited) is used.
- an 8Z16 conversion code for converting 8-bit data into 16 channel bits is used as a recording code.
- This conversion is performed according to a predetermined conversion table (conversion table). For example, four types of 16-channel data can be associated with one 8-bit data. This type is called a state. In the above conversion table, the state used for the conversion of the next data is also specified in advance.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of such a conversion table.
- a detailed control method is omitted, the DC component included in the recording code can be suppressed by controlling the selection of the state.
- the shortest bit length is limited to 3 channel bits, and the longest bit length is limited to 11 channel bits.
- the synchronization code is inserted every 9 1 B, which is half of 18 2 B for one line.
- the data structure described above is common to the rewritable area and the read-only area.
- the thus obtained data of 2418B is stored in the first data area 17 of the sector 10 in the rewritable area as shown in FIG. 10A, or as shown in FIG. 11A. This is described in the second data area 37 of the sector 30 of the read-only area.
- a 1B postamble area 45 (PA) is arranged following the first data area 17. 8 Z 1 above
- PA 1B postamble area 45
- a pre-sync area 44 is provided in front of the first data area 7 to indicate the start point of the first data area 7 and record pre-sync data for byte synchronization.
- a code having a pattern with a high autocorrelation having a length of 3 B is determined in advance. For example, a pattern “0000 0100 0100 1000 0010 0001 0010 0000 1000 0010 0001 000 0” represented by the NRZ I code is used.
- VF 0 area 15 the first guard data area 23, the second guard data area 18, the gap area 13, the buffer area 19, and the mirror area 12 shown in FIG. VFO area 15 (VFO), first guard data overnight area 23 (GD I), second guard data overnight area 18 (GD 2), and gap area 13 (GAP) described with reference to FIG. 4A, respectively.
- Buffer area 19 CBUF the mirror area 12 CM.
- Guard data area 23,? The 0 area 15 and the PS area 44 form a first dummy data area 15 '.
- FIG. 1 OA the numbers shown below each area indicate the byte length of that area. The same applies to FIG. 10B, FIGS. 1IA and 11B.
- a VFO area 15 is provided before the PS area 44 in the first dummy data area 15 ′.
- the VF0 area 15 is an area for recording data of a specific pattern in order to quickly and stably operate the PLL pull-in of the reproduction signal processing circuit. It is better that the pull-in of PLL includes a large number of code inversions ("1" represented by NRZ I code).
- NRZ I code code inversions
- the length of the 0 area 15 is 35 B.
- a first guard data area 23 is provided before the VFO area 15, and a second guard data area 18 is provided after the bottom amble area 45 (PA).
- PA bottom amble area 45
- the length of the first and second guard data areas 23 and 18 before and after the data area 17 is increased.
- the recording position of the first data area 17 is moved by expanding and contracting the height.
- the total length of the first guard data area 23 and the second guard data area 18 is constant.
- the total length of both guard data areas is constant at 60B.
- the data to be recorded in the guard data area is, for example, a repetition pattern of four channel bits, like 1000 V 1000... J, as in the VFO area 15.
- the first guard data areas 23,. 0 area 15, presync area 44, first data area 17 mipost amble area 45, and second guard data area 18 information recording area for recording force data, the data length of which is 2 5 1 7 B.
- the gap region 13 is used to set the laser power. In order to secure the time required for setting the power, the gap region 13 has a length of 10 B.
- the buffer area 19 is provided with a non-recording area (time width) so that the end of the recording data does not overlap with the next sector even if the rotation of the disk motor fluctuates or the disk is eccentric.
- the buffer area 19 has a length of 40 B.
- the mirror area 12 is provided with a length of 2 B in order to secure the time required for determining the offset of the tracking servo.
- the sector 30 includes a header area 90, a second dummy data area 33, a second data area 37, and a third dummy data area 34.
- the data length recorded in the second data area 37 is the same as the data length recorded in the first data area 17, which is 2418B.
- the 1B postamble area 47 (PA), the second pad area 85, and the postamble area 86 (PA) follow the second data area 37. Be placed.
- the second dummy data area 33 is arranged between the header area 90 and the second data area 37, and the data area 37 is The third dummy data area 34 is arranged between the head of the sector and the third dummy data area.
- the VFO areas 84 and 3 B pre-sync area 46 CPS).
- the dummy data area 33 of FIG. 2 further includes a third pad area 82 and a bottom amble area 83 (PA) of 30B.
- PA bottom amble area 83
- the third dummy data overnight area 34 is formed from a postamble area 47, a second pad area 85, and a postamble area 86.
- the data pattern and data length to be recorded in the VFO area 84 and the presync area 46 are the same as the VFO area 15 and the presync area 4 shown in FIG. 10A.
- different initial values between adjacent sectors are used for the data of (FF) expressed in hexadecimal as the data to be recorded in the second and third dummy data areas. Scramble, and use the data sequence modulated by the above-mentioned 8Z16 conversion symbol.
- the scrambling method is the same as the method performed for the data area 37.
- For setting the initial value a 4-bit data from the 5th bit to the 8th bit counted from the least significant bit of the PID described later is used.
- the initial value corresponding to this 4-bit data is the same as the initial value of the data area 37.
- the 8/16 transform coding starts from the head of each pad area, for example, from state 4 in the conversion table shown in FIG.
- the data series generated in this manner is recorded in the first pad area 82 and the second head area 85.
- the first pad area 82 corresponds to the gap area 13 and the first guard data area 23 in Fig. 1 OA
- the second pad area 85 corresponds to the second guard area 18 and the buffer area 19 in FIG. 1OA.
- the lengths of the first and second guard data areas 23 and 18 are changed.
- the first pad area 82 is set to 28 B by making the length of the corresponding pad area correspond to the average length of the first and second guard data areas 23 and 18.
- the second pad area 85 is 80B. After the first and second pad areas 82 and 85, 1B postamble areas 83 and 86 are arranged to terminate the modulation code.
- the header area 11 of the rewritable area includes the first half 1 la (sector identification data PID 1) and the second half 11 b (sector identification data PID 2). ), And the corresponding pit rows 21a and 21b are arranged radially offset from the center line of the groove track 7 (the guide groove 6) by approximately one quarter of the groove pitch. Further, the bit row 21a and the bit row 21b are arranged such that their shifts are in opposite directions. Also in this embodiment, the header area 80 is arranged similarly.
- FIG. 10B shows the data format of the header area 80 of the sector 10 of the rewritable area.
- four sector identification data P1D1, PID2, PID3, and PID4 in the order of arrangement. Then, for example, the first half PID1 and PID2 of the 64B are displaced toward the outer periphery of the disk, and the second half PID3 and PID4 of the 64B are displaced toward the inner periphery of the disk.
- each sector identification data PID, 4 B is assigned to the Pid area indicating the address information of the sector, 3 B is assigned to the sector number, and 1 B is assigned to various information of the sector such as the number of the PID area.
- the address information of the sector of the groove track 7 to be displaced with respect to the center line is recorded.
- the Pid1 area 203 and the Pjd2 area 208 in PID1 and PID2 in the above-mentioned section include the group group.
- the address information of the sector of the land track 8 adjacent to the outer peripheral side of the rack 7 is recorded.
- 2B error detection codes are added to each Pid area, and these are recorded in the IED areas 204, 209, 214, and 219.
- the data in the Pid area and the IED area are modulated by the 8/16 conversion code described above. This modulation is started from state 1 from the head of each Pid area using, for example, the conversion table shown in FIG.
- the 1B postamble areas 205, 210, 215, and 220 are placed after the corresponding IED areas.
- the AM points 202, 207, and 212 indicate the start point of each Pid area and record an address mark for byte synchronization.
- And 217 are provided respectively.
- a pattern that does not appear in the 8Z16 conversion code for example, a code having a length of 3 B (48 channel bits) is selected.
- a pattern of “0001 0001 0000 0000 0 100 0100 0100 0000 0000 0001 0001” represented by the NRZI code can be used. Since this pattern includes twice a pattern of 14 channel bits longer than 11 channel bits, which is the longest bit length of the modulation code, erroneous detection during normal data reprocessing is reduced.
- the VF0 area is an area for recording data of a specific pattern in order to operate the PLL pull-in of the reproduction circuit quickly and stably. For example, similarly to the VF 0 region in the second embodiment, a repeating pattern of four channel bits of “... 1000 1000...” Can be used.
- the header area 80 is arranged with the first half PID 1 and PID 2 as one set and the second half PID 3 and PID 4 as one set and displaced in the radial direction.
- the first VFO areas 201 and 211 at the beginning of each set need to be able to re-establish bit synchronization in order to ensure bit synchronization, and therefore have a longer length than other VFO areas. Make it longer.
- the second VFO regions 206 and 216 in each pair can be short because they only resynchronize.
- the first VF0 regions 201 and 211 are 36 B
- the second VFO regions 206 and 216 are 8 B. are doing.
- a VFO area 201 (VF 01), an AM area 202, a Pid area 203, an IED area 204, and a postamble area 205 are arranged from the beginning, and its length is set. That is 46 B.
- a VFO area 206 (VFO 2), an AM area 207, a Pid area 208, an IED area 209, and a boss amble area 210 are arranged from the top, and the length is 18 B Becomes The same is true for PID 3 and PID 4 in the latter half.
- the data arrangement in the header area of the read-only area will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B.
- the data arrangement of the header area 31 of the read-only error is matched with the data arrangement of the header area 11 1 of the rewritable error.
- the pit row corresponding to the header area 31 is arranged inline with respect to the track 9.
- the header area 90 is arranged in the same manner as in the second embodiment.
- the data array and its length (bit: S) in the header area 90 in the read-only area are the same as the header 80 (Fig. 10A) in the rewritable area. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the header area 90 is 128 B, and the identification data PID is repeatedly recorded four times (PID1 to PID4).
- PID 1 a VFO area 231 (VFO 1), an AM area 232, a Pid area 233, an IED area 234, and a postamble area 235 are arranged from the beginning. And its length is 46 B.
- VFO 236 VFO 2
- AM area 237 a VFO area 237
- a Pid area 238, an IED area 239, and a postable area 240 are arranged from the beginning, and the length is 18 B.
- PID 3 and PID 4 in the latter half.
- different data series can be arranged in the dummy data area 33 or 34 of the adjacent track in the read-only area.
- a predetermined fixed data for example, FF
- the same scrambling as the scrambling for the data recorded in the data area 37 is used, and This can be realized by performing scrambling with different initial values between sectors.
- a scramble circuit and a recording / encoding circuit for creating data to be recorded in the pad areas 82 and 85 are provided with a scramble circuit and a recording / encoding circuit for creating data to be recorded in the data area 37. And can be shared. As a result, the configuration of the recording signal processing circuit can be simplified, and the circuit scale can be reduced.
- the position of the data area 17 is moved by expanding and contracting the lengths of the first and second guard data areas 23 and 18 in the recordable area.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the length of the gap region 13 and the length of the buffer region 19 may be expanded and contracted in the same manner, or may be combined and expanded and contracted.
- the pre-sync area 44 is provided before the data area 17 after the VFO area 15 in the recordable area, and the data after the VFO area 84 in the read-only area.
- the pre-sync area 46 is provided before the area 37.
- a data area 450 is arranged immediately after a VFO area 403.
- the data area 450 consists of a plurality of data blocks 405a, 405b, in which the data synchronization sequence 404a, 404b,. Have been.
- the pull-in of the clock in the PLL circuit is stabilized by the VFO region 403, and then the data synchronization sequence 404a is detected. Then, by detecting the data synchronization sequence 4 04 a, the data area 4 Recognizing the beginning of 50, the first data block 405a is played.
- the pre-sync area is provided after the VFO area, an error occurs in the first data synchronization sequence in the data area.
- the start timing of the first data block data can be detected with high reliability.
- FIG. 14A shows the data format of one sector of the rewritable area of the optical disk according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 14B shows the data format of one sector of the read-only area.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B parts common to the data formats of the optical discs according to the embodiments described so far are denoted by the same reference numerals and correspond.
- sector 10 includes header area 80 (sector identification data P
- the first data area 17 is divided into a plurality of data blocks 5a, 5b,..., And a first data synchronization sequence 4a,
- the mirror area 12 is a flat area where no pits or grooves are formed, and Used to offset the bug.
- the first and second guard data areas 23 and 18 are areas for recording a predetermined data pattern to compensate for cycle deterioration due to heat load.
- the first guard data area 23 is arranged at the beginning of the recording data
- the second guard data area 18 is arranged at the end of the recording data.
- the gap area 13 is an area for absorbing signal disturbance at the data recording start end and for setting the recording laser power.
- the 0 area 15 is a third data synchronization sequence, and codes of a predetermined single cycle are continuously recorded.
- the pre-sync area 44 is a second data synchronization sequence shown in the present embodiment for specifying a data reproduction start position.
- the postamble 45 is provided for terminating the modulation code and stably shifting the reproduction signal processing.
- the data format according to the present embodiment includes the first data synchronization sequence 4a and the third data synchronization sequence (VFO region 15 or 8) arranged at the beginning of the data area. 4) and a data array to which a second data synchronization sequence (pre-sync area 44 or 46) is added.
- a specific pattern that has a strong so-called self-correlation and is not generated in other data portions is assigned to detect a specific position in the code string.
- the third data synchronization sequence (VFO area 15) is reproduced,
- the clock is pulled in by the PLL circuit and stabilized by a single-cycle repetition pattern.
- the position of the second data synchronization sequence (pre-sync area 44) is detected. From this detection position, the reading start position of the first data synchronization sequence 4a located at the head of the information data area can be specified.
- the second data synchronization sequence 4a By establishing synchronization with the data in the data area 17 using the second data synchronization sequence 4a, it is possible to reproduce data at a more accurate timing. Further, as shown in FIG. 14A, when dividing the data area 17 into data blocks, a plurality of first data synchronization sequences 4a, 4b,...
- the position of the relatively long second data synchronization sequence (P SY44) can be reliably detected, and the position of the detected second data synchronization sequence (P SY44) is determined. It is possible to specify the read start position of the first data synchronization sequence 4a which is located at the beginning of the data area 17. As a result, even if the first data synchronization sequence 4a is configured to be short, it can be detected stably.
- a code pattern of the second data synchronization sequence will be described.
- 8 bits of data are converted into 16 bits of channel bits of the recording code, and the shortest bit length is 3 channel bits and the longest bit length is 11 channel bits. 8/16 code is used.
- the interval of one channel bit is represented by a Ding.
- NRZ I code is used for notation of data.
- the signal level is inverted at bit 1 and not inverted at bit 0.
- the second data synchronization sequence needs to satisfy the mark / space length restrictions imposed by the recording code There is.
- the shortest recording bit length in the present embodiment is “'100.”
- the code of the third data synchronization sequence (VFO region l5) has the shortest recording period for stable reproduction. It is required that the bit length is longer than the bit length and that it contains a large amount of edge information (level inversion) that enables reliable pull-in of the PLL.
- As the third data synchronization sequence recorded in 5 a code sequence composed of repetitions of "1000" is used. Therefore, the mark and space length in the VFO area 15 is 4T.
- the second data synchronization sequence in the pre-sync area 44 is detected after performing clock synchronization from the third data synchronization series in the VF area 15, so that synchronization is performed every 4 T.
- codes that can be taken By using codes that can be taken, synchronous reproduction can be performed more reliably. Therefore, it is effective to use a combination of 4-channel bit patterns as the second data synchronization sequence.
- the NRZI code is used. "1" will be at a similar position in the two code sequences. Therefore, if a bit error or the like occurs during reproduction, the probability of erroneously detecting the VFO pattern as the second data synchronization sequence increases. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the inter-code distance between the second data synchronization sequence and the VFO pattern is increased.
- the average of the mark length and space length of the second data synchronization sequence is set to be longer than the period 4 T of the VF0 pattern.
- the second data synchronization sequence according to the present embodiment is 4 bits long, and includes code symbols “0 0 1”, “0 0 1 0”, and “0 1” in which the level inversion is included only once.
- a code sequence is formed by combining a plurality of “0 0”, “1 00 0”, and a 4-bit length code symbol “0 0 0 0” in which level inversion does not occur.
- the above-mentioned 816 modulation code is used.
- three bytes are used as the second data synchronization sequence because a two-byte code is used as the first data synchronization sequence.
- the recording channel bits When converted by the above-mentioned 8-16 modulation code, the recording channel bits have a length of 48 bits. Combination of the above 4-bit length code symbols If used, it is 12 symbols long.
- four specific examples of the code sequence are shown.
- Nog turn 1 is the same as the pattern standardized by ISOZEC10089, and is composed of three types of symbols, "0100 ' ⁇ " hidden “and” 1000 ".
- Pattern 2 is composed of five types of symbols: “0100”, “0010”, “1000”, “0001”, and “0000”.
- Pattern 3 is composed of the same five types of symbols as pattern 2.
- Pattern 4 is also composed of the same five types of symbols as pattern 2. As will be described in detail later, this pattern is a pattern uniquely found by the present applicant, and the data of the PSY area 44 arranged between the 0 area 15 and the data area 17 is provided. As a sequence, this is an example of a pattern that is resistant to errors and gives excellent detection results.
- Figure 15 shows a comparison of the characteristics of the above patterns 1 to 4 as an average of the mark length and space length of each pattern, the maximum and minimum values of the mark length and space length, the types of symbols constituting the pattern, and Indicates the integrated value of the nos (absolute value of D SV). As shown in Fig. 15, the minimum and maximum values of the mask space length generated in each pattern are 3 T and 6 T, respectively, and the modulation limit (maximum length 1 1 T, minimum length 3 mm).
- the average mark ⁇ space length of patterns 1 to 4 is the third data as described above. W
- the average mark (space length) of pattern 1 is 3.7 mm, which is relatively close to four. This is c. This is because each of the three types of symbol powers that make up the code sequence of Turn 1 is a symbol in which one bit out of four bits always becomes "1". In particular, since pattern 1 does not include the symbol “0000”, it is difficult to make the average mark / space length longer than 4 mm.
- the code sequences of patterns 2 to 4 are composed of five types of symbols including the symbol "0000", and the average macro space length can be made longer than 4 mm.
- the recording code is represented by an NR ⁇ I code, and “1” of each bit is converted to a 1 value, and “0” is converted to a ⁇ 1 value to convert all codes.
- the digital integration of 4 digits (DSV) can be used. If the digital integrated value is zero, the DC component included in the recording code becomes zero, so that the DC component of the reproduction signal does not fluctuate, and the binarization of the reproduction signal can be performed stably.
- the digital integrated value of each pattern is as shown in Fig. 15 and becomes 0 in pattern 4.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of the PSY detection circuit 200 for detecting the second data synchronization sequence.
- the PS ⁇ detection circuit 200 is composed of a first shift register 91, a second register 92, a match counter 93, a threshold circuit 94, and a synchronous circuit.
- a detection permission generating circuit 95 and an AND circuit 96 are provided.
- the length of the second data synchronization sequence is 48 bits, and that 12 four-bit-length symbols forming the second data synchronization sequence are represented by S. 0 to S11. That is, the pattern of the second data synchronization sequence is represented by symbol sequences S0, S1, S2,..., S11.
- patterns (symbol strings) S 0, S 1, S 2,..., S 11 of the second data synchronization sequence are stored in the second register 92.
- the reproduced signals to be subjected to the PSY detection are input to the first shift register 91 while being sequentially shifted.
- every four bits, that is, for each symbol are stored in the second register 92.
- a match is detected (pattern match) with the obtained second synchronization sequence SO to S11.
- the number of matching symbols is counted by a matching number counter 93, and the result is output to a threshold circuit 94.
- a threshold value for determining that the second data synchronization sequence has been detected is set in advance in the threshold circuit 94, and the count value counted by the match number counter 93 determines this threshold value. If it exceeds, a detection signal is output from the threshold circuit 94. For example, if the threshold value is set to 8, the threshold circuit 94 outputs the c reproduction signal which outputs a detection signal when the input reproduction signal and the second synchronization sequence SO to S11 match at least 8 symbols. If there is no error, when the second data synchronization sequence is detected while shifting the contents of the first shift register 91 one bit at a time, all 12 symbols match.
- Synchronization detection permission generating circuit 95 outputs a gate signal indicating a period during which the second data synchronization sequence is to be detected. During this detection period, when the threshold circuit 94 detects the second data synchronization sequence, the AND circuit 96 sends a detection signal of the second data synchronization sequence to the system control circuit (not shown). Is output.
- FIG. 17 shows an example of the data format up to the first data block 5a from the VFO area 15. As shown in Figure 17,? It is assumed that at least 64 bits of a data sequence having a repeating pattern of “100 0” exist as a third data synchronization sequence in the 0 region 15.
- the first data synchronization sequence 4a of the data region 17 following the second data synchronization sequence of the PSY region 4 4 is a 32-bit pattern 4a-1: "0001001001000100 0 00000000000010001" or pattern 4 a-2: "Suppose that 0001001000000100 000000000 001000 ⁇ . Further, it is assumed that the head of the data block 5 a following the first data synchronization sequence 4 a is an arbitrary 16 bits.
- the second data synchronization sequence has a detection width of 48 bits. This is done using window 97. If there is no error, the detection window 97 is in the range of 16 to +48 bits from the reference position, with the position where the match of 12 symbols should be obtained for the second data synchronization sequence as the reference position. And the detection was performed. Then, as described above, the number of pattern matches was obtained by comparing the input signal with the symbols of the second data synchronization sequence every four bits. The results are shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B.
- the graphs shown in Fig. 9A and 19B are generally called autocorrelation functions. Then, the threshold value of the turn match is set to 8 symbols, and the position where 8 symbols or more match is set as the detection position of the second data synchronization sequence.
- the results of FIGS. 19A and 19B are as follows. I'm asking. For patterns 4a-1 and 4a-2 of the first data synchronization sequence, the value of the pattern match becomes larger at each point in time. (Giving pattern) is selected. If the detection window 97 is shifted to the right by more than 40 bits from the reference position, as shown in FIG.
- the data block 5a following the first data synchronization sequence 4a Included in the detection window 97. Therefore, the pattern (16 bits) of the data block 5a greatly affects the detection of the second data synchronization sequence. Therefore, assuming the worst case, the pattern (16 bits) of the data block 5a giving the largest number of pattern matches is used.
- the maximum value of the pattern match when the detection window 97 is shifted to the left from the reference position is: In pattern 1, it is 5, whereas in pattern 4, it is 4. Also, when the detection window 97 is shifted to the right side of the reference position, the maximum value of the pattern match by pattern ⁇ ⁇ is 6 in the range of 40 bits from the reference position, while that of pattern 4 is 4 is there. It is desirable that the value of the pattern match when the detection window 97 is at a position other than the reference position be as low as possible in order to prevent the second data synchronization sequence from being erroneously detected.
- FIGS. 18A to 18C are diagrams illustrating slice variation.
- the slice level is a reference for binarization of the reproduction signal, and when the reproduction signal is sampled and the value becomes larger than the slice level, the binarization is performed as “ ⁇ .”
- the binarization result is represented by an NRZI code.
- binarization of the reproduction signal is performed by slicing at the center position of the amplitude of the reproduction signal, but as shown in Fig. 18B. If the slice level rises or the slice level falls as shown in Fig. 18C, the reference for binarization of the reproduced signal will be shifted, and as a result, the signal shown in Fig. 18A should be used.
- the signal sequence that should be reproduced as "10001000" in the NRZI code is reproduced as "10010000" when the slice level rises (Fig. 18B;), and as "10000100" when the slice level falls (Fig. 18 C).
- Figure 2 OA and 20B show the patterns when 1-point to 3-point occurs at any position of 1-bit edge shift within the window 97 for detecting the second data synchronization sequence. Shows the worst result of a match.
- FIG. 20C as the slice level increases, the pattern of the 0 area 15 changes from the original “10D01000” to “10010000”, and the same applies to the second data synchronization sequence of the PSY area. If there is a variation, the result of the pattern match is shown.
- FIG. 20D shows the result of the pattern match when the slice level is lowered.
- the detection window 97 is shifted from the reference position to the left (negative side in the figure) in the range of 64 bits to 48 bits.
- detection is performed, that is, when a pattern match is performed with the signal sequence of the VFO region 15 in which the slice has changed, there is a point where the value of the pattern match sharply increases (the value is 8). However, it may be erroneously detected as the second data synchronization sequence.
- pattern 4 even when the slice level fluctuates, the maximum value of the pattern match on the left side from the reference position of the detection window 97 is 5, and the possibility of erroneous detection is small.
- the second data synchronization sequence of pattern 4 has good characteristics as a recording code, and can erroneously detect a synchronization signal even with respect to edge shift, slice level fluctuation, and the like. It is preferable as the second data synchronization sequence to be recorded in the PSY area, because it has low performance. Industrial applicability
- the optical disc of the present invention it is possible to reproduce the sector identification data in the first header area when tracking either the groove track or the land track. There is no need to provide a dedicated header area for each track and land track.
- the first header area can be easily formed on the optical disc by wobbling the cutting beam forming the guide groove (group track) from the center of the groove track to the inner and outer circumferences. And it can be formed with high precision. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a dedicated power source for forming a header in the rewritable area.
- the pre-format in the rewritable area can be accurately and easily realized by using a single cutting light source. Therefore, even when the rewritable area and the reproduction-only area are mixed, the pre-formatting can be realized by using the conventional powering machine.
- the length of the sector in the read-only area, the length of the header area, and the length of the data area recorded in each sector are changed by the number of sectors in the rewritable area.
- the data format of the read-only area matches the data format of the rewritable area by making the length, the length of the header area, and the length of the data area recorded in each sector the same. As a result, sector management can be unified between the playback-only area and the rewritable area, and processing such as sector search can be unified.
- the present invention by adding a dummy data area before and after the information data area in the read-only area, the length of the sector and the length of the header area in the read-only area, and recording in one sector
- the length of the data to be written can be the same as the length of the sector in the rewritable area, the length of the header area, and the length of the data recorded in one sector.
- sector management can be unified between the read-only area and the rewritable area, and processing such as sector search can be unified.
- the optical disc of the present invention it is not necessary to separately provide a reproduction signal processing circuit for the rewritable area and the reproduction-only area, even if the optical disc format includes a rewritable area and a reproduction-only area. . Therefore, the signal processing unit can be shared, the circuit scale of the optical disk recording and reproducing apparatus can be reduced, and a highly reliable reproduction signal processing circuit can be realized with a simpler circuit configuration.
- the tracking servo in the read-only area is a phase error detection method
- a tracking error signal can be stably detected, and a relatively stable tracking servo can be achieved.
- the tracking servo can be stabilized and the start point of the information data area can be reliably detected.
- the connection of the rewritable area can always be started from the beginning of the track. Thus, sector management can be performed efficiently.
- the presync area can be detected with high reliability, As a result, it is possible to correctly specify the start timing position of the data area arranged after the pre-sync area. This makes it possible to stably reproduce the recorded data overnight.
- the average of the mark Z space length in the second data synchronization sequence is made longer than the average of the mark Z space length in the VFO region, so that the data synchronization used in the VFO region is increased.
- the digital integrated value of the second data synchronization sequence is set to zero, the fluctuation of the DC component is not affected, and the addition of the second data synchronization sequence may impair the stability of the reproduced signal. Absent.
- the mark recorded on the optical disk is too small to cause waveform interference, or the mark is too large to cause the signal inversion interval to be longer. This has the effect of preventing the clock synchronization from becoming unstable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
- Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
- Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09536064A JP3098258B2 (ja) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | 光ディスク |
| DE69704111T DE69704111T2 (de) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | Optische platte |
| KR1019980708275A KR100281947B1 (ko) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | 광 디스크 |
| HK99102959.7A HK1017941B (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | Optical disc |
| EP99121834A EP0981130B1 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | Optical disk |
| EP97915689A EP0893792B1 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | Optical disc |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8/89236 | 1996-04-11 | ||
| JP8923696 | 1996-04-11 | ||
| JP15394896 | 1996-06-14 | ||
| JP8/153948 | 1996-06-14 | ||
| JP16264396 | 1996-06-24 | ||
| JP8/162643 | 1996-06-24 | ||
| JP19188796 | 1996-07-22 | ||
| JP8/191887 | 1996-07-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997038420A1 true WO1997038420A1 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
Family
ID=27467609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1997/001223 Ceased WO1997038420A1 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1997-04-09 | Optical disc |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5850382A (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP1049078B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3098258B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100281947B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN1144184C (ja) |
| DE (3) | DE69704111T2 (ja) |
| ID (1) | ID16578A (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY113649A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW367492B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997038420A1 (ja) |
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- 1997-04-09 EP EP00113179A patent/EP1049078B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-09 DE DE69715690T patent/DE69715690T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-09 EP EP97915689A patent/EP0893792B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-09 CN CNB021416869A patent/CN1288639C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-09 EP EP99121834A patent/EP0981130B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-11 MY MYPI97001595A patent/MY113649A/en unknown
- 1997-04-11 ID IDP971206A patent/ID16578A/id unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS632170A (ja) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-01-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 情報記録再生装置 |
| JPH02289937A (ja) * | 1989-02-08 | 1990-11-29 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光ディスク及び光ディスク装置 |
| JPH0426959A (ja) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-01-30 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 同期情報記録再生装置 |
| JPH0750014A (ja) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 光記録媒体 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP0893792A4 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3160298B2 (ja) | 1996-06-26 | 2001-04-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 書換可能エリア、再生専用エリアを有する光ディスク |
| EP0884722A3 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 2000-02-23 | Sony Corporation | Optical recording media |
| US6154439A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 2000-11-28 | Sony Corporation | Optical recording medium and manufacturing method thereof |
| US6300041B1 (en) | 1997-06-10 | 2001-10-09 | Sony Corporation | Optical recording medium and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN100409325C (zh) * | 1999-06-28 | 2008-08-06 | 先锋株式会社 | 光记录介质及其制造方法 |
| CN100367368C (zh) * | 2002-09-02 | 2008-02-06 | 三星电子株式会社 | 在光学信息存储介质上记录和/或再现信息的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69704111D1 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
| ID16578A (id) | 1997-10-16 |
| EP0893792A1 (en) | 1999-01-27 |
| US5850382A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
| CN1221509A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
| DE69704111T2 (de) | 2001-08-02 |
| JP3098258B2 (ja) | 2000-10-16 |
| EP0981130B1 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
| DE69713908D1 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
| DE69715690D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
| EP0981130A2 (en) | 2000-02-23 |
| HK1017941A1 (en) | 1999-12-03 |
| CN1288639C (zh) | 2006-12-06 |
| TW367492B (en) | 1999-08-21 |
| EP1049078A3 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| EP0893792A4 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
| DE69715690T2 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
| EP1049078B1 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
| EP1049078A2 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| HK1066091A1 (zh) | 2005-03-11 |
| CN1144184C (zh) | 2004-03-31 |
| MY113649A (en) | 2002-04-30 |
| EP0893792B1 (en) | 2001-02-21 |
| DE69713908T2 (de) | 2002-11-21 |
| KR100281947B1 (ko) | 2001-02-15 |
| CN1495712A (zh) | 2004-05-12 |
| EP0981130A3 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| KR20000005490A (ko) | 2000-01-25 |
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