WO1997048780A1 - Aqueous dispersion type fluorinated water- and oil-repellent - Google Patents

Aqueous dispersion type fluorinated water- and oil-repellent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997048780A1
WO1997048780A1 PCT/JP1997/001894 JP9701894W WO9748780A1 WO 1997048780 A1 WO1997048780 A1 WO 1997048780A1 JP 9701894 W JP9701894 W JP 9701894W WO 9748780 A1 WO9748780 A1 WO 9748780A1
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Prior art keywords
water
group
fluorine
oil
oil repellent
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Masayuki Yamana
Norimasa Uesugi
Eiji Ogura
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Priority to US09/202,095 priority Critical patent/US6126849A/en
Priority to EP97924312A priority patent/EP0909802A4/en
Publication of WO1997048780A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997048780A1/ja
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    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
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    • C08F220/00Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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    • C08L27/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
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    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
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    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
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    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D06M15/277Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof containing fluorine
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08J2327/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/12Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water-dispersed fluorine-based water / oil repellent having excellent rub fastness.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a water-dispersed fluorine-based water / oil repellent composition having excellent rub fastness.
  • the present invention (A) (A-1) a monomer having a polyfluoroalkyl group,
  • a water-dispersible fluorine-based water / oil repellent which is emulsified and dispersed.
  • Examples of the monomer (A-1) having a polyfluoroalkyl group in the present invention include the following.
  • Rf— CH 2 (! HCH 2 0 C 0 CR 3 CH 2 (5) R f— 0— A r— CH 2 OCOCR 3 CH 2 (6)
  • Rf is a polyfluoroalkyl group or a polyfluoroalkenyl group having 3 to 21 carbon atoms
  • R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • Ar is an arylene group which may have a substituent
  • n is an integer of 1 to 10.
  • the other monomer (A-2) to be copolymerized with the monomer (A-1) having a polyfluoroalkyl group is not particularly limited, and a known polymerizable unsaturated bond may be used.
  • the monomer (A-2) may be a monomer having no fluorine atom.
  • Specific examples of the other monomer (A-2) to be copolymerized include the following.
  • the above other monomers (A-2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the weight ratio of the monomer (A-1) having a polyfluoroalkyl group to the other monomer (A-2) is 30:70 to 90: 10, more preferably 50:50 to 80:20.
  • the molecular weight of the copolymer may be between 500 and 100,000.
  • the fluorine-based cationic surfactant in the emulsifier (B) has a lower affinity for dyes than ordinary hydrocarbon-based surfactants.
  • Fluorine-based cationic surfactants having the following formulas are exemplified by, but not limited to, the following formulas.
  • Rf is a polyfluoroalkyl group or a polyfluoroalkenyl group having 3 to 21 carbon atoms
  • A is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, one CH 2 CH (0H) —CH 2 —, one CON ( R ′) — Q— or one SO 2 N (R ′) — Q— (where R ′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and Q represents a divalent organic group),
  • R 13 is an alkyl or aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • X is a halogen
  • R 11 and R 12 are CH 3 —, C 2 H 5 —, C 4 H 9 —, and one CH 2 —CH 2 —OH.
  • R 1S are CH 3 —, C 2 H 5 —, Ph-CH 2 — (Ph is a phenyl group).
  • X are Cl, Br, and I.
  • fluorinated cationic surfactant are as follows. H
  • An emulsion polymerization method is preferred as a method for producing the copolymer (A) in the water-dispersed fluorine water / oil repellent of the present invention.
  • a known method is used for the emulsion polymerization.
  • the monomers (A-1) and (A-2) are emulsified in an aqueous medium in the presence of an emulsifier, and a polymerization initiator is added to the emulsion. And polymerize.
  • ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, glycols such as dipropylene glycol and ethylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol as auxiliary solvents for the purpose of facilitating emulsification in an aqueous medium.
  • Glycol alkyl ethers such as rumonomethyl ether and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether can also be used.
  • the usage amount of the co-solvent is preferably about 10 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of all the monomers to be emulsified.
  • the emulsifier the above-mentioned fluorinated cationic surfactant is used as an essential component for emulsification.
  • the emulsifier (B) may be composed of only a fluorinated cationic surfactant, but an emulsifier other than a fluorinated cationic surfactant (for example, a non-fluorinated surfactant, a fluorinated nonionic surfactant and Fluorine-based surfactants) may be used in combination.
  • the emulsifier used in combination is not particularly limited, but is preferably a nonionic or cationic non-fluorine emulsifier.
  • the amount of the fluorine-based cationic surfactant is preferably at least 15 parts by weight, more preferably at least 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the emulsifier (B).
  • the amount of the emulsifier (B) is The amount is preferably about 0.5 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of all monomers.
  • polymerization may be carried out using a known chain transfer agent such as mercaptans.
  • a copolymer comprising a monomer (A-1) having a polyfluoroalkyl group and a monomer (A-2) copolymerizable therewith in the water-dispersed fluorine-based water / oil repellent of the present invention
  • the method is preferably the emulsion polymerization method as described above in view of the convenience, but is not limited thereto.
  • the aqueous dispersion is prepared using an emulsifier containing the above-mentioned fluorinated cationic surfactant as an essential component in an aqueous medium.
  • an emulsifier containing the above-mentioned fluorinated cationic surfactant as an essential component in an aqueous medium.
  • the water-dispersed water- and oil-repellent of the present invention may be used by blending other water- and oil-repellents, additives such as softeners, antistatic agents, bridging agents, and anti-wrinkling agents as necessary. Can also.
  • the article treated with the water-dispersed water / oil repellent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a fiber product, and various examples can be given.
  • animal and plant natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, wool, and silk
  • synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene
  • semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate.
  • the water-dispersed water- and oil-repellent agent of the present invention is attached to the surface of the object to be treated by a known method such as dip coating, and then dried. If necessary, it may be applied together with a suitable crosslinking agent and cured.
  • the water repellency is measured by the spray method of JISL-1092 No. (Table 1 below) Reference).
  • the oil repellency was evaluated by AATCC-TM118 by applying several drops of a test solution shown in Table 2 below to the test cloth at two places and measuring the permeation state after 30 seconds.
  • the friction fastness was measured using a Gakushin type friction tester. White cotton cloth was used as the friction cloth at a load of 500 g. After 200 reciprocal rubs, the gray scale for contamination (grade: 0 to 5 grades, 6 levels) (see Table 3) was determined.
  • Oil repellency Test solution Surface tension dyne / cni (25 ° C)
  • Example 1 The emulsion polymerization reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 or 2 using the charged compositions shown in Table I, and as a result, an emulsion having a solid content of about 33% was obtained.
  • Table I shows the conversions of FA and all monomers by gas chromatography. Comparative Examples 1-3
  • the emulsion polymerization reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 or 2 using the charged compositions shown in Table I, and as a result, an emulsion having a solid content of about 33% was obtained.
  • Table I shows the conversions of FA and all monomers by gas chromatography.
  • StA Stearyl acrylate
  • V-50 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
  • Fluorine-based surfactant A Fluorinated cationic surfactant B:
  • Fluorine-based surfactant C is a fluorine-based surfactant
  • Fluorine-based surfactant D is a fluorine-based surfactant
  • the solids concentration of the emulsions obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples was adjusted to 20% with water, and further diluted with water so that the solids concentration became 1% to prepare a treatment solution.
  • the treatment liquid Sekishi immersion polyester microfibre one cloth, followed c squeezed to Uetsu topic up is 65% with a mangle, and treated fabric was dried for 2 minutes at 100 ° C, an additional 3 at 130 ° C Heat treated for minutes.
  • the obtained test cloth was evaluated for water repellency, oil repellency and friction fastness. C showing the results in Table II
  • Example 1 Water repellency Oil repellency Friction fastness Example 1 100 6 4-5 Example 2 100 6 5 Example 3 100 7 4 Example 4 100 7 4 Example 5 100 6 4-5 Example 6 100 6 5 Example 7 100 6 4 Comparative Example 1 100 5 2 Comparative Example 2 100 6 2 Comparative Example 3 100 5 2

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  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
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Description

明 細 書 水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤 発明の分野
本発明は優れた耐摩擦堅牢性を有する水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤に関 する。
関連技術
従来、 繊維製品に撥水撥油性を付与するため、 水分散型のフッ素系撥水 撥油剤として、 パーフルォロアルキル基を有するメタクリル酸エステルま たはァクリル酸エステルと、 これと共重合可能なモノマーとを乳化共重合 させたものが使用されてきた。 これらの撥水撥油剤は、 通常、 炭化水素系 の乳化剤を用い乳化重合することによって製造される。 ところが、 染色さ れた繊維布を含フッ素化合物で撥水撥油処理をすると、 染色摩擦堅牢度が 低下するという欠点があった。
堅牢度の低下を防止するため、 含フッ素化合物と特定のボリシロキサン との組成物が提案されている(特公昭 5 8— 1 2 3 2号公報)。 また、 グリ コール類と含フッ素化合物との組成物も提案されている(特開平 7— 1 7 3 7 7 2 )。 しかしながら、 これらの組成物では耐摩擦堅牢性が十分では ない。 特に、 いわゆる新合繊と総称されるマイクロファイバーからなる繊 維布においては満足な結果が得られていないのが現状である。
発明の要旨
本発明の目的は、 耐摩擦堅牢性の優れた水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤組 成物を提供することにある。
本発明は、 (A) (A— 1) ポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体と、
(A-2) これと共重合可能な単量体
からなる含フッ素共重合体を
(B) フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤を含んでなる乳化剤
の存在下で、
乳化分散させてなる水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤を提供する。
発明の詳細な説明
本発明においてポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体 (A— 1) とは、 例えば以下のものを例示できる。
R
Rf— S 02— NR2OCOCR3=CH (1)
Rf— (CH2)„OCOCR3=CH: (2)
Figure imgf000004_0001
Figure imgf000004_0002
OCOR3
Rf— C H 2 (! H C H 20 C 0 C R3 C H 2 (5) R f— 0— A r— CH2OCOCR3=CH2 (6) [式中、 Rfは炭素数 3〜21のポリフルォロアルキル基またはポリフル ォロアルケニル基、 R1は水素または炭素数 1〜10のアルキル基、 R2は 炭素数 1〜10のアルキレン基、 R3は水素またはメチル基、 Arは置換基 を有することもあるァリーレン基、 nは 1〜10の整数である。 ] で示されるポリフルォロアルキル基含有(メタ)ァクリレート。
さらに具体的には、
C F3(C F2)7(CH2)OCOCH=CH2
CF3(CF2)6(CH2)OCOC(CH3)=CH2
(C F3)2C F(C F2)E(CH2)2OCOCH = CH2
CF3(C F2)7(CH2)2OCOC(CH3)=CH2
CF3(C F2)7(CH2)2OCOCH = CH2
CF3(C F2)7S02N(CH3)(CH2)2OCOCH = CH2
CF3(CF2)7S02N(C2H5)(CH2)2OCOC(CH3)= CH2、 (CF3)2CF(CF2)6CH2CH(0C0CH3)CH20C0C(CH3)-CH2
(CF3)2CF(CF2)8CH2CH(OH)CH2OC〇CH= CH2
CF3C6F10(C F2)2SO2N(CH3)(CH2)2OCOCH = CH2
Figure imgf000005_0001
C Β F ,「0~ 〇)~C 00 C H 2 C H C H 20 C O C ( C H 3)=C H 2
AH を例示することができる。
上記のポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体 (A— 1 ) は 2種以上を 混合して用いることももちろん可能である。
本発明においてポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体 (A— 1 ) と共 重合させる他の単量体 (A— 2 ) としては特に限定されるものではなく、 公知の重合性不飽和結合を有する化合物が挙げられる。 単量体 (A— 2 ) は、 フッ素原子を有しない単量体であってよい。 共重合させる他の単量体 (A - 2 ) の具体例としては、 例えば以下のものを例示できる。
2—ェチルへキシル(メ夕)ァクリレート、 シクロへキシル(メタ)ァクリ レート、 ステアリル(メタ)ァクリレ一ト、 ヒ ドロキシアルキル(メ夕)ァク リレート、 ポリオキシアルキレン(メタ)ァクリレート、 3—クロロー 2— ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)ァクリレート、 グリシジル(メタ)ァクリレ一卜、 N, N—ジメチルァミノエチル(メ夕)ァクリレート、 N, N—ジェチルァミ ノエチル(メタ)ァクリレート等の(メ夕)ァクリレート類。 さらに、 ェチレ ン、 ブタジエン、 酢酸ビニル、 グロ口プレン、 塩化ビニルやフッ化ビニル などのハロゲン化ビニル、 ハロゲン化ビニリデン、 スチレン、 ァクリロ二 トリノレ、 (メタ)アクリルアミ ド、 ビニルアルキルエーテル、 ジアセトン(メ タ)アクリルアミ ド、 N—メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミ ド、 ビニルアル キルケトン、 無水マレイン酸、 N—ビニルカルバゾール、 (メタ)アクリル 酸等が挙げられる。 上記の他の単量体 (A— 2 ) は 1種あるいは 2種以上 を混合して用いることもできる。
これらの内、 塩化ビニルまたはステアリルァクリレー卜が撥水撥油性や 防汚性、 およびこれらの性能の洗濯耐久性、 ドライクリーニング耐久性、 さらには風合いの点から好ましい。 ポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量 体 (A— 1 ) と他の単量体 (A— 2 ) との重量比は、 3 0 : 7 0〜9 0 : 10、 より好ましくは 50 : 50~80: 20であることが好ましい。 共 重合体の分子量は、 500〜1000000であってよい。
乳化剤 (B) 中のフッ素系カチオン界面活性剤は通常の炭化水素系の界 面活性剤に比べて染料との親和性が低く、 これを使用した撥水撥油剤で処 理された染色布は表面への染料の浮きだしが少ないため摩擦堅牢度に優れ フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤としては例えば下記式のものが挙げられる が、 これに限定されるものではない。
Figure imgf000007_0001
[式中、 Rfは炭素数 3〜21のポリフルォロアルキル基またはポリフル ォロアルケニル基、 Aは、 炭素数 1〜10のアルキレン基、 一 CH2CH(0 H)— CH2—、 一 CON(R')— Q—または一S02N(R')— Q— (但し、 R'は水素原子または低級アルキル基、 Qは二価の有機基を示す)、
!^ ぉょび!^ ま炭素数丄〜 0のアルキル基またはヒ ドロキンアルキ ル基、
R 13は炭素数 1〜 10のアルキル基またはァリール基、
Xはハロゲンである。]
R11および R12の具体例は、 CH3—、 C2H5—、 C4H9—、 および一 CH2— CH2— OHである。 R1Sの具体例は、 CH3—、 C2H5—、 Ph- CH2—(Phはフヱニル基)である。 Xの具体例は、 Cl、 Br、 Iである。 フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤の具体例は、 次のとおりである。 H
C8F17S02N(CH2)3N (R1 1 )2R" . X'
C8F17SO2N(CH2)3N®(R11)2. CH2CH2COO0
H "
C8F17S02N(CH2)3N(R11)2 - HX
RfCH2CH2SCH2COOC2H4N^R11)2R12-X G)
RfCH2CjH - CH2N CH2CH2OH)2R12 · X 0
OH
RfCONH(CH2)3N^R11)2R12-XG R,CONH(CH2)3N R11 )2 · C2H4COO Θ C9F170©S02NH(CH2)3N®(R")2R12.X® C9F170 @ S02NH(CH2)3N®(R11 )2 · C2H4COOG CgF^O^CHsN^R11)^12-)^
CgF! 70 <g CH2N®(R11 )2 · CH2COO0
C9fi yO <g) CONH(CH2)3N®(R11 )2 · (CH2)3SO?
C9F17O<©CONH(CH2)3N0(R11)2R12.X0
CgF! 70 (6) CONHCH2 § - ΧΘ
C9F17(OCH2CH2)nN®(R11 )2R12. X0
特に、 CB 7S02NH(CH2)3N®(CH3)3. CI®
CF3CF2-(CF2-CF2 ^CH2-?H-CH2N®(CH2CH2OH)2CH3 · ΙΘ
OH
(IB= 2〜 6 )が耐摩擦堅牢性の点で特に好ましい。
本発明の水分散型フッ素撥水撥油剤における共重合体 (A ) の製造方法 としては乳化重合法が好ましい。 乳化重合は公知の方法が用いられるが、 —例をあげると単量体 (A— 1 ) および (A— 2 ) を乳化剤の存在下に水 媒体中で乳化し、 その乳化液に重合開始剤を加えて重合させる。 その際、 水媒体中には乳化しやすくさせる目的で補助溶剤として、 アセトン、 メチ ルェチルケトン等のケトン類、 酢酸ェチル等のエステル類、 ジプロピレン グリコール、 ェチレングリコール等のグリコール類、 ジプロピレングリコ ールモノメチルエーテル、 ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル等のグ リコールのアルキルエーテル類等を使用することもできる。 補助溶剤の使 用量は乳化させる全ての単量体の合計 1 0 0重量部に対して 1 0 ~ 4 0重 量部程度であることが好ましい。 乳化剤としては上記のフッ素系カチオン 界面活性剤を必須成分として使用し乳化する。
本発明においては、 乳化剤 (B ) はフッ素系カチオン界面活性剤のみか らなってよいが、 フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤以外の乳化剤 (例えば、 非 フッ素系界面活性剤、 フッ素系ノニオン界面活性剤およびフッ素系ァニォ ン界面活性剤) を併用して使用してもかまわない。 併用する乳化剤は、 特 に限定されるものではないが、 ノニオン性またはカチオン性の非フッ素系 乳化剤が好ましい。 その際、 フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤の量は、 乳化剤 ( B ) 1 0 0重量部に対して、 少なくとも 1 5重量部、 より好ましくは少 なくとも 3 0重量部であることが好ましい。 また、 乳化剤 (B ) の量は、 全単量体 1 0 0重量部に対して 0. 5〜1 5重量部程度であることが好ま しい。
また、 重合体の分子量を調整する目的でメルカプタン類等の公知の連鎖 移動剤を使用して重合してもかまわない。 本発明の水分散型フッ素系撥水 撥油剤におけるポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体 (A— 1 ) とこれ と共重合可能な単量体 (A— 2 ) からなる共重合体の製造方法は上記のよ うな乳化重合法が利便性を考えると好ましいが、 これに限定されるもので はない。
公知の溶液重合、 懸濁重合等によって重合体を合成し、 重合体を単離し た後、 水媒体中で上記のフッ素系カチオン界面活性剤を必須成分とする乳 化剤を用いて水分散体を製造することもできる。 さらに本発明の水分散型 撥水撥油剤には、 必要に応じて他の撥水撥油剤や柔軟剤、 帯電防止剤、 架 橋剤、 防しわ剤などの添加剤を配合して使用することもできる。
本発明の水分散型撥水撥油剤で処理される物品は繊維製品であれば、 特 に限定なく、 種々の例を挙げることができる。 例えば、 綿、 麻、 羊毛、 絹 などの動植物性天然繊維、 ポリアミ ド、 ポリエステル、 ポリビニルアルコ 一ル、 ポリアクリルニトリル、 ポリ塩化ビニル、 ポリプロピレンなどの合 成繳維、 レーヨン、 アセテートなどの半合成繊維、 或いはこれらの混合繊 維が挙げられる。 本発明の水分散型撥水撥油剤は、 浸漬塗布などのような 既知の方法により、 被処理物の表面に付着させ、 乾燥する方法が採られる。 また、 必要ならば適当な架橋剤と共に適用しキュアリングを施しても良い。 発明の好ましい態様
以下に実施例をもって本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、 本発明がこ れらの実施例に限定されるものではないことはいうまでもない。
撥水性は J I S L— 1 0 9 2のスプレー法による撥水性 No. (下記表 1 参照)をもって表す。 撥油性は AATCC— TM118によって下記表 2 に示す試験溶液を試験布上、 2箇所に数滴たらし、 30秒後の浸透状態に より判定した。 摩擦堅牢度は学振型摩擦試験機を使用し、 白綿布を摩擦布 として荷重 500gで、 往復 200回摩擦後、 汚染用グレースケール (等級 : 0〜 5級の 6段階)(表 3参照)で判定した。
表 1
撥水性 No. 状 態
100 表面に付着湿潤のないもの
90 表面にわずかに付着湿潤を示すもの
80 表面に部分的湿潤を示すもの
70 表面に湿潤を示すもの
50 表面全体に湿潤を示すもの
0 表面が完全に湿潤を示すもの 表 2
撥油性 試験溶液 表面張力 dyne/cni(25°C)
8 n—ヘプ夕ン 20.0
7 n—ォクタン 21.8
6 n—デカン 23.5
5 n— ドデカン 25.0
4 n—テトラァカン 26.7
3 n—へキサデ力ン 27.3
2 n—へキサデカン 35/ 29.6
ヌジヨール 65混合溶液
ヌジヨール 31.2
0 1に及ばないもの 表 3
染色摩擦堅牢度の評価
第 5級 着色しない
第 4級 わずかに着色する
第 3級 着色する
第 2級 かなり着色する
第 1級 はげしく着色する
第 0級 かなりはげしく着色する 実施例 1
温度計および撹拌機を装備した 1 Lガラス製ォートクレーブ中に CF3 CF2CCF2C F2)nCH2CH2OCOCH=CH2 (n=3、 4、 5および 6 である化合物の重量比 61 : 28: 9 : 2の混合物) (FA) (65 g)、 ステアリルァクリ レート (St A) (18 g)、 N—メチロールァク リル アミ ド (N— MAM) (2 g) 、 界面活性剤:
Figure imgf000012_0001
(フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤 A) (5 g)、 ポリオキシエチレンノニル フエ二ルェ一テル (5 g) 、 ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル (DPM) (20 g) 、 ラウリルメルカブタン (0.1 g) 、 脱イオン水 (188 g)を仕込み、 高圧式のホモジナイザ一にて温度を 60 :、 圧力 を 40 OkgZcm2で乳化し、 乳白色のエマルシヨンを得た。 さらに、 ボン ベより塩化ビニル (VC) の 15 gを加え約 60分間窒素置換を行った後、 2.2'—ァゾビス(2-メチルプロピオンアミジン)ジヒ ドロクロライ ド(和 光純薬工業 (株)製 V— 50) (0.5 g) を加え、 重合をスタートさせた。 60°Cで 16時間重合反応を行った後、 40°C以下に冷却し固形分濃度約 33%のエマルションを得た。 ガスクロマトグラフィ一による F Aの転化 率 (即ち、 重合率) は 99.7%、 全モノマーの転化率 (即ち、 重合率) は 95%であった。
実施例 2
温度計、 撹拌機、 窒素導入管を装備した 1 L三つ口フラスコ中に FA (6 5 g) 、 StA (25 g)、 2—ェチルへキシルメタクリレート (2 EH MA) (8 g) 、 N— MAM (2 g) 、 界面活性剤:
[C8F17S02NH(CH2)3N(CH3)3]® Cl®
(フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤 B) (7g) 、 アセトン (20g)、 ラウ リルメルカブタン (0.1 g) 、 脱イオン水 (188 g) を加え、 高圧式 のホモジナイザーにて温度 60°C、 圧力を 40 OkgZcm2で乳化し、 乳白 色のエマルシヨンを得た。 約 60分間窒素置換を行った後、 2, 2'—ァゾ ビス(2—メチルプロピオンァミジン)ジヒ ドロクロライ ド(和光純薬工業 (株 )製、 V— 50) (0.5 g) を加え、 重合をスタートさせた。 60°Cで 1 3時間重合反応を行った後、 40°C以下に冷却し固形分濃度約 33%のェ マルションを得た。 ガスクロマトグラフィ一による F Aの転化率は 99%、 全モノマーの転化率は 97%であった。
実施例 3〜 7
第 I表に示す仕込み組成にて実施例 1または 2と同様の方法で乳化重合 反応を行った結果、 固形分濃度約 33%のエマルシヨンを得た。 ガスクロ マトグラフィ一による F Aおよび全モノマーの転化率を第 I表に示す。 比較例 1〜 3 第 I表に示す仕込み組成にて実施例 1または 2と同様の方法で乳化重合 反応を行った結果、 固形分濃度約 33%のエマルシヨ ンを得た。 ガスクロ マトグラフィ一による F Aおよび全モノマーの転化率を第 I表に示す。
o
I表
量 (重量部) 実施例実施例実施例実施例実施例
1 2 3 4 5
F A 65 65 65 65 65
StA 18 25 18 18 18
2 EHMA 0 8 0 0 0
N-MAM 2 2 2 2 2
VC 15 0 15 15 15
DPM 20 0 20 20 0 アセトン 0 20 0 0 20
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ラウ1 ルカブタン 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 フフ素カチ 界面活性剤 A 5 0 0 0 0 フ ·/素カチオン界面活性剤 B 0 7 0 0 5
7·/素カチオン界面活性剤 C 0 0 7 0 0
7ッ素カチ ίン界面活性剤 D 0 0 0 7 0 ォク夕デシルトリメチルアンモニゥムク πライド 0 0 0 0 0 ジ才クタデシルジメチルアンモニゥムク αライド 0 0 0 0 0 ジポリオキシ Iチレン了ルキルベンジ ft了ンモニゥム 0 0 0 0 0 ポリオキシ Iチレ ' ニルフ iニル I-テル 5 0 0 0 0 ポリオキシエチレンモノス ί了レ-ト 0 0 0 0 0 ポリオキシ Iチレンソルビタンモノパルミ ί-ト 0 0 0 0 0 ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエ-テル 0 0 0 0 2 脱イオン水 188 188 188 188 188
F Αの転化率(¾ 99.7 99 99 99.2 98 全モノマ-の転化率 95 97 97 96 96 第 I表 (続き)
Figure imgf000015_0001
注)
FA: CF3CF2(CF2CF2)nCH2CH2OCOCH=CH2
(n = 3、 4、 5および 6である化合物の重量比 61 : 28 : 9 : 2の混合 物)
StA: ステアリルァクリ レート
2 EHMA: 2—ェチルへキシルメタクリ レート N-MAM: N—メチロールアクリルアミ ド
VC: 塩化ビニル
D PM: ジプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル
V— 50: 2, 2'—ァゾビス(2—メチルプロピオンアミ ジン)ジヒ ドロ クロライ ド (和光純薬工業 (株)製) フッ素系カチ才ン界面活性剤 A:
Figure imgf000016_0001
フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤 B:
[C8F17S02NH(CH2)3N(CH3)3】® Cl®
フッ素系カチ才ン界面活性剤 C:
[C9F17S02NH(CH2)3N(CH3)3]® CI®
フッ素系カチ才ン界面活性剤 D:
CBF^ 7CONH(CH2)3N®(CH3)2 · CH2CH2COO®
上記の実施例および比較例で得られたエマルシヨンの固形分濃度を水で 20%に調整し、 さらにそれを水で固形分濃度が 1%になるように希釈し 処理液を調製した。 この処理液にポリエステルマイクロファイバ一布を浸 せきし、 マングルでゥエツ トピックアップが 65%になるようにしぼった c つづいて、 処理布を 100°Cで 2分間乾燥し、 さらに 130°Cで 3分間熱 処理した。 得られた試験布について撥水性、 撥油性、 摩擦堅牢度を評価し た結果を第 I I表に示す c
第 II表
撥水性 撥油性 摩擦堅牢度 実施例 1 100 6 4〜5 実施例 2 100 6 5 実施例 3 100 7 4 実施例 4 100 7 4 実施例 5 100 6 4〜5 実施例 6 100 6 5 実施例 7 100 6 4 比較例 1 100 5 2 比較例 2 100 6 2 比較例 3 100 5 2

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲
1. (A) (A- 1) ポリフルォロアルキル基を有する単量体と、
(A-2) これと共重合可能な単量体
からなる含フッ素共重合体を
(B) フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤を含んでなる乳化剤
の存在下で、
乳化分散させてなる水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤。
2. 共重合可能な単量体が塩化ビニルまたはステアリルァクリレー卜で ある請求の範囲第 1項に記載の水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤。
3. フッ素系カチオン界面活性剤が、 式:
Figure imgf000018_0001
[式中、 Rfは炭素数 3〜21のポリフルォロアルキル基またはポリフル ォロアルケニル基、 Aは、 炭素数 1〜10のアルキレン基、 一 CH2CH(0 H)— CH2—、 一 CON(R')— Q—または一 S02N(R')— Q— (但し、 R'は水素原子または低級アルキル基、 Qは二価の有機基を示す)、
R11および R12は炭素数 1〜10のアルキル基またはヒ ドロキシアルキ ル基、
R 13は炭素数 1〜 10のアルキル基またはァリール基、
Xはハロゲンである。]
で示される化合物である請求の範囲第 1項に記載の水分散型フッ素系撥水 撥油剤。
4. ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルが補助溶剤として使用 されている請求の範囲第 1項に記載の水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤。
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EP0909802A1 (en) 1999-04-21

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