WO1999018802A1 - A pesticidal composition - Google Patents

A pesticidal composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999018802A1
WO1999018802A1 PCT/GB1998/003039 GB9803039W WO9918802A1 WO 1999018802 A1 WO1999018802 A1 WO 1999018802A1 GB 9803039 W GB9803039 W GB 9803039W WO 9918802 A1 WO9918802 A1 WO 9918802A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition according
composition
surfactant
oil
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1998/003039
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Eugene Ryan
Sandra Morris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Barrier Biotech Ltd
Original Assignee
Barrier Biotech Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barrier Biotech Ltd filed Critical Barrier Biotech Ltd
Priority to CA 2305733 priority Critical patent/CA2305733C/en
Priority to DE69815549T priority patent/DE69815549T2/en
Priority to AU93603/98A priority patent/AU737555B2/en
Priority to HK01100743.9A priority patent/HK1029896B/en
Priority to DK98946603T priority patent/DK1032272T3/en
Priority to AT98946603T priority patent/ATE242603T1/en
Priority to EP19980946603 priority patent/EP1032272B1/en
Priority to JP2000515446A priority patent/JP4153661B2/en
Priority to US09/508,537 priority patent/US6251440B1/en
Publication of WO1999018802A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999018802A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass

Definitions

  • Insects and their larvae are common pests of households, animals, crops, meat and poultry houses and the like.
  • synthetically produced chemical pesticides are used. These compounds are generally highly toxic to mammals and plants and are often very slow to degrade making them unsuitable for wide spread application.
  • a pesticidal composition comprising by volume approximately 40 to 60% eucalyptus oil, 10 to 30% cajeput oil, 10 to 30% lemongrass oils and 4 to 20% of a surfactant.
  • the composition is further diluted with water, in which case the composition preferably comprises approximately 20 to 30% eucalyptus oil, 5 to 15% cajeput oil, 5 to 15% lemongrass oils, 40 to 60% water, and from 2% to 10% of a surfactant.
  • the composition according to the invention has a broad spectrum of activity and is particularly effective against insects having a cuticle or proteinaceous exoskeleton or the like.
  • the presence of the surfactant is believed to confer the broad spectrum pesticidal activity on the composition.
  • the surfactant functions as a penetrating agent which facilitates or aids penetration of the natural oils through the exoskeleton thus permitting the oils to exert their insecticidal activity on the internal organs and/or central nervous system of the insect or larva.
  • the composition according to the present invention comprises natural or essential oils as a major component and is therefore particularly advantageous in terms of its relative non-toxicity .
  • composition is, advantageously, particularly active against poultry house beetle and its larvae.
  • the composition comprises approximately, 25% eucalyptus oil, 10% cajeput oil, 10% lemongrass oils, 5% anionic surfactant and 50% water, which percentage values may deviate by plus or minus 10% for the respective ingredient.
  • oil of eucalyptus is obtained from various species of eucalyptus and the resulting oils do not possess a uniform analysis. It is believed, however, that the properties of the eucalyptus oil according to the invention are not dependent on a particular source of oil of eucalyptus and one may use oil derived from Eucalyptus globulous and Eucalyptus dives .
  • Eucalyptus oil is rich in cineole and desirably eucalyptus oil according to the invention comprises cineole and preferably 1-8 cineole in an amount of from approximately 35 to 90% by volume.
  • composition according to the invention may advantageously, be provided in the form of an oil based solution which provides for better foaming and gripping onto surfaces.
  • the composition according to the invention may be formulated for spray application or as an aerosol.
  • the composition may be provided as a powder suitable for sprinkling or as a gel.
  • the composition may further include an appropriate attractant, such as a pheromone or the like, so as to attract the insect to the pesticidal composition.
  • the composition according to the invention may contain, or be applied in association with other insecticides or pesticides.
  • a method for controlling pesticidal activity at a locus comprises applying thereto an effective amount of a composition according to the invention.
  • Eucalyptus oil, cajeput oil, lemongrass oils, surfactant and water were suitably mixed in the percentage values of 25%, 10%, 10%, 5% and 50% by volume respectively, and subsequently diluted to 1 part per 50 parts water.
  • the prepared solution was either sprayed directly onto the area of application or is provided in the form of a gel, or as a powder for sprinkling.
  • the composition according to the invention was applied to mealworm, locusts (locusta migrratieria) , the West Indian cockroach and to poultry house litter beetle (Alphitobius Diapernus) . In all cases as can be seen from Table 1 application of the composition resulted in death of the insect within a time period of between 1 to 10 minutes following its application.
  • the insects generally exhibited nervous twitching prior to death indicating an effect on its central nervous system. Omission of the surfactant from the composition resulted in markedly reduced insecticidal effects. Other variations in the composition, such as omission of one of the oils also resulted in reduced insecticidal activity.
  • the composition was highly successful in exterminating poultry house beetle and its larvae which are notoriously difficult to destroy.
  • Barrier B 25% Eucalyptol, 10% Cajaputol, 10% Lemongrass oils, 5% Surfactant, 50% Water

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

There is disclosed a pesticidal composition comprising by volume, approximately 40 to 60 % eucalyptus oil, 10 to 30 % cajaput oil, 10 to 30 % lemongrass oils and 4 to 20 % of surfactant. The composition is used in a method for controlling pesticidal activity at a locus which comprises applying an effective amount of the composition thereto.

Description

A PESTICIDAL COMPOSITION
The present invention is concerned with a pesticidal composition, and in particular with a pesticidal composition which may be used as an insecticide and/or a larvicide against, for example, ectoparasites, a major component of said composition comprising natural or essential oils.
Insects and their larvae are common pests of households, animals, crops, meat and poultry houses and the like. Typically, to eradicate such insect pests synthetically produced chemical pesticides are used. These compounds are generally highly toxic to mammals and plants and are often very slow to degrade making them unsuitable for wide spread application.
Examples of compounds which have previously been used for eradicating insects and their larvae include organophosphates which, although generally not as toxic as synthetic non-organsphosphates, still exhibit relatively high toxicity levels. They are, however, of limited use against some pests. For example, the larvae of the poultry house beetle are notoriously difficult to kill and are relatively unaffected by such organophosphates. Essential oils have been used previously for use as pesticides. US 4,587,123 discloses that eucalyptus oil is applied as a pesticide in a composition which includes a low molecular weight carbon content alcohol miscible with water. GB 1467 419 also discloses the use of eucalyptus oil as an insecticide in admixture with an extract of pepper. The compositions disclosed in these documents generally do not possess broad spectrum insecticidal or larvicidal activity.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pesticidal composition which has broad spectrum activity and which is relatively non-toxic to mammals, particularly humans, or plants.
Therefore, there is provided by the present invention a pesticidal composition comprising by volume approximately 40 to 60% eucalyptus oil, 10 to 30% cajeput oil, 10 to 30% lemongrass oils and 4 to 20% of a surfactant. Preferably, the composition is further diluted with water, in which case the composition preferably comprises approximately 20 to 30% eucalyptus oil, 5 to 15% cajeput oil, 5 to 15% lemongrass oils, 40 to 60% water, and from 2% to 10% of a surfactant.
The inventors have surprisingly found that the composition according to the invention has a broad spectrum of activity and is particularly effective against insects having a cuticle or proteinaceous exoskeleton or the like. The presence of the surfactant is believed to confer the broad spectrum pesticidal activity on the composition. The surfactant functions as a penetrating agent which facilitates or aids penetration of the natural oils through the exoskeleton thus permitting the oils to exert their insecticidal activity on the internal organs and/or central nervous system of the insect or larva. Furthermore, the composition according to the present invention, comprises natural or essential oils as a major component and is therefore particularly advantageous in terms of its relative non-toxicity .
The composition is, advantageously, particularly active against poultry house beetle and its larvae.
Poultry house beetle is a pernicious pest that is not readily destroyed by insecticidal agents even synthetic pesticides.
Preferably the composition comprises approximately, 25% eucalyptus oil, 10% cajeput oil, 10% lemongrass oils, 5% anionic surfactant and 50% water, which percentage values may deviate by plus or minus 10% for the respective ingredient.
As is known, oil of eucalyptus is obtained from various species of eucalyptus and the resulting oils do not possess a uniform analysis. It is believed, however, that the properties of the eucalyptus oil according to the invention are not dependent on a particular source of oil of eucalyptus and one may use oil derived from Eucalyptus globulous and Eucalyptus dives . Eucalyptus oil is rich in cineole and desirably eucalyptus oil according to the invention comprises cineole and preferably 1-8 cineole in an amount of from approximately 35 to 90% by volume. Preferably, the surfactant may be an anionic surfactant and which may be selected from any one of the following; alkylarylsulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alcohol and alcohol ether sulfates, polyether carboxylates , olefinsulfonates , ∞-sulfomonocarboxylic esters and phosphorous - containing anionic surfactants such as phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid and phosphinic acid derivatives. Preferably, the surfactant comprises sodium-2- ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, and preferably in an amount greater than approximately 50%, optionally together with ethanol in an amount from approximately 10 to 25% by volume.
The composition according to the invention, may advantageously, be provided in the form of an oil based solution which provides for better foaming and gripping onto surfaces. Alternatively, the composition according to the invention may be formulated for spray application or as an aerosol. Alternatively the composition may be provided as a powder suitable for sprinkling or as a gel. In another embodiment of the invention, the composition may further include an appropriate attractant, such as a pheromone or the like, so as to attract the insect to the pesticidal composition. If desired, the composition according to the invention may contain, or be applied in association with other insecticides or pesticides.
In another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for controlling pesticidal activity at a locus, which method comprises applying thereto an effective amount of a composition according to the invention.
The present invention may be more clearly understood with reference to the following exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is given by way of example only.
Eucalyptus oil, cajeput oil, lemongrass oils, surfactant and water were suitably mixed in the percentage values of 25%, 10%, 10%, 5% and 50% by volume respectively, and subsequently diluted to 1 part per 50 parts water. The prepared solution was either sprayed directly onto the area of application or is provided in the form of a gel, or as a powder for sprinkling. In the present example, the composition according to the invention was applied to mealworm, locusts (locusta migrratieria) , the West Indian cockroach and to poultry house litter beetle (Alphitobius Diapernus) . In all cases as can be seen from Table 1 application of the composition resulted in death of the insect within a time period of between 1 to 10 minutes following its application. The insects generally exhibited nervous twitching prior to death indicating an effect on its central nervous system. Omission of the surfactant from the composition resulted in markedly reduced insecticidal effects. Other variations in the composition, such as omission of one of the oils also resulted in reduced insecticidal activity. The composition was highly successful in exterminating poultry house beetle and its larvae which are notoriously difficult to destroy.
TABLE 1 Barrier B Composition
Barrier B = 25% Eucalyptol, 10% Cajaputol, 10% Lemongrass oils, 5% Surfactant, 50% Water
Figure imgf000008_0001

Claims

Claims
1. A pesticidal composition comprising by volume approximately 40 to 60% eucalyptus oil, 10 to 30% cajeput oil, 10 to 30% lemongrass oils and from 4% to 20% surfactant.
2. A pesticidal composition according to claim 1 comprising, by volume, approximately 20 to 30% eucalyptus oil, 5 to 15% cajeput oil, 5 to 15% lemongrass oils, 2 to 10% surfactant and 40 to 60% water.
3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 which composition comprises by volume approximately
25% eucalyptus oil, 10% cajeput oil, 10% lemongrass oils, 5% surfactant and 50% water, or a deviation of between + or - 10% in the quantity of each of the respective ingredients.
4. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein said composition is further diluted to 1 part composition per 50 parts water.
5. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
6. A composition according to claim 5 wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkylarylsulphonates, alkanesulfonates, alcohol and alcohol ether sulfates, polyether carboxylates, olefinsulfonates, «-sulfomonocarboxylic esters and phosphorous containing anionic surfactants.
7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein said surfactant comprises sodium-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate
8. A composition according to claim 1 which composition is provided in the form of an oil based solution, a water based solution, a powder or a gel.
9. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 8 which further comprises a suitable insect attractant.
10. A composition according to claim 9 wherein said attractant is a pheromone.
11. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 10 for use against insects having a cuticle or proteinaceous exoskeleton or their larvae.
12. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 11 for use against poultry house beetle or its larvae.
13. A process for controlling pesticidal activity at a locus, which process comprises applying thereto, an effective amount of a composition according to any of claims 1 to 10.
PCT/GB1998/003039 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 A pesticidal composition Ceased WO1999018802A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2305733 CA2305733C (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 A pesticidal composition
DE69815549T DE69815549T2 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 PESTICIDAL COMPOSITION
AU93603/98A AU737555B2 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 A pesticidal composition
HK01100743.9A HK1029896B (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 A pesticidal composition
DK98946603T DK1032272T3 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 pesticide Composition
AT98946603T ATE242603T1 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 PESTICIDE COMPOSITION
EP19980946603 EP1032272B1 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 Pesticidal composition
JP2000515446A JP4153661B2 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 Insecticidal composition
US09/508,537 US6251440B1 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 Pesticidal composition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9721466A GB9721466D0 (en) 1997-10-09 1997-10-09 A pesticidal composition
GB9721466.2 1997-10-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999018802A1 true WO1999018802A1 (en) 1999-04-22

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PCT/GB1998/003039 Ceased WO1999018802A1 (en) 1997-10-09 1998-10-09 A pesticidal composition

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US6251440B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1032272B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4153661B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE242603T1 (en)
AU (1) AU737555B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2305733C (en)
DE (1) DE69815549T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1032272T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2200374T3 (en)
GB (1) GB9721466D0 (en)
PT (1) PT1032272E (en)
WO (1) WO1999018802A1 (en)

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WO2000005964A1 (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-02-10 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US6506707B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2003-01-14 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Herbicidal compositions containing plant essential oils and mixtures or blends thereof
WO2003037357A1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2003-05-08 Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais - Ufmg Emulsionable concentrate of the essential oil of the eucalyptus staigeriana contra parasites
EP1392119A4 (en) * 2001-05-08 2004-05-26 Bioprospect Ltd METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS FOR COMBATING PESTS
US6849614B1 (en) 1998-07-28 2005-02-01 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
FR2958500A1 (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-14 Jd Invest Insecticide, insect repellent, ovicide, larvicide, nymphicide composition, useful to destruct flying and crawling insects, their eggs, larvae, and nymphs, comprises essential oil, proteolytic enzyme, and amphoteric surfactant
US8507013B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2013-08-13 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions for controlling insects
US8685471B2 (en) 2006-07-17 2014-04-01 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for controlling insects
US8865230B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2014-10-21 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections
US11712039B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2023-08-01 Bio-Gene Technology Limited Control of resistant pests
EP4385326A1 (en) 2022-12-15 2024-06-19 Kimitec Biogorup Biopesticide composition and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests and diseases in plants
EP4652842A1 (en) 2024-05-21 2025-11-26 Kimitec Biogroup S.L Biopesticide composition, procedure of obtain thereof, and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests, diseases and weeds in plants
EP4652843A1 (en) 2024-05-21 2025-11-26 Kimitec Biogroup S.L Biopesticide composition, procedure of obtain thereof, and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests in plants

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US9079152B2 (en) * 2003-05-11 2015-07-14 Ben Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority Encapsulated essential oils
US20050136177A1 (en) * 2003-08-25 2005-06-23 Anthony Hesse Method for coloring landscaping materials using foamable dry colorant
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US8568800B2 (en) 2009-06-15 2013-10-29 Hurstwell Pty Ltd Insect and disease control
JP6086700B2 (en) * 2012-11-07 2017-03-01 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 Pest control agent and pest control method using the same
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US10568320B2 (en) * 2017-03-01 2020-02-25 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Biologically-based control methods for insect pests

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US7618645B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2009-11-17 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7537777B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2009-05-26 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
WO2000005964A1 (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-02-10 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7534447B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2009-05-19 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US6849614B1 (en) 1998-07-28 2005-02-01 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7250175B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2007-07-31 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7320966B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2008-01-22 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7351420B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2008-04-01 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7361366B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2008-04-22 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7531189B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2009-05-12 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US7476397B2 (en) 1998-07-28 2009-01-13 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Synergistic and residual pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils
US6506707B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2003-01-14 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Herbicidal compositions containing plant essential oils and mixtures or blends thereof
AU2002250738B2 (en) * 2001-05-08 2008-07-31 Bio-Gene Technology Limited Methods and compositions for controlling pests
EP1392119A4 (en) * 2001-05-08 2004-05-26 Bioprospect Ltd METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS FOR COMBATING PESTS
US7820209B2 (en) 2001-05-08 2010-10-26 Bioprospect Limited Methods and compositions for controlling pests
US9474270B2 (en) 2001-05-08 2016-10-25 Bioprosepect Limited Methods and compositions for controlling pests
WO2003037357A1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2003-05-08 Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais - Ufmg Emulsionable concentrate of the essential oil of the eucalyptus staigeriana contra parasites
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EP4652842A1 (en) 2024-05-21 2025-11-26 Kimitec Biogroup S.L Biopesticide composition, procedure of obtain thereof, and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests, diseases and weeds in plants
EP4652843A1 (en) 2024-05-21 2025-11-26 Kimitec Biogroup S.L Biopesticide composition, procedure of obtain thereof, and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests in plants
WO2025242522A1 (en) 2024-05-21 2025-11-27 Kimitec Biogroup S.L. Biopesticide composition, procedure of obtain thereof, and method for controlling and treating broad spectrum of pests, diseases and weeds in plants

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US6251440B1 (en) 2001-06-26
ATE242603T1 (en) 2003-06-15
ES2200374T3 (en) 2004-03-01
CA2305733A1 (en) 1999-04-22
HK1029896A1 (en) 2001-04-20
DE69815549D1 (en) 2003-07-17
AU737555B2 (en) 2001-08-23
EP1032272A1 (en) 2000-09-06
AU9360398A (en) 1999-05-03
EP1032272B1 (en) 2003-06-11
DE69815549T2 (en) 2003-12-24
PT1032272E (en) 2003-09-30
CA2305733C (en) 2011-05-17
JP4153661B2 (en) 2008-09-24
JP2001519367A (en) 2001-10-23
DK1032272T3 (en) 2003-09-29
GB9721466D0 (en) 1997-12-10

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