WO1999044038A1 - Flüssigkeitsmesszelle - Google Patents
Flüssigkeitsmesszelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999044038A1 WO1999044038A1 PCT/EP1999/000999 EP9900999W WO9944038A1 WO 1999044038 A1 WO1999044038 A1 WO 1999044038A1 EP 9900999 W EP9900999 W EP 9900999W WO 9944038 A1 WO9944038 A1 WO 9944038A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- measuring cell
- cell according
- chamber
- reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a liquid measuring cell for measuring optical properties of liquids, in particular for NIR measurements, with a measuring chamber, which is delimited on one side by a translucent window, and with a reflector arranged on the opposite side of the measuring chamber, which strikes it Light reflected out through the measuring chamber and through the window.
- Such a liquid measuring cell is known for example from DE 31 03 476 C2.
- the known liquid measuring cell is intended for the combined measurement of reflection and transmission properties (transflexion) of liquids in the near infrared NIR range.
- it has a translucent measuring window on its top through which the radiation from a radiation source falls into a measuring chamber delimited by the measuring window, where it is partly reflected, partly scattered and partly absorbed by the liquid.
- the portion of the radiation which passes through the liquid is diffusely reflected by a reflector which is arranged opposite the measuring window and has a rough gold surface, and then passes through the liquid again.
- the scattered and reflected parts then partially emerge again at the measuring window.
- certain spectral ranges of the radiation are absorbed or scattered more than others, so that a spectral analysis of the one emerging at the measuring window 2 diffuse light allows conclusions to be drawn on the type and amount of the ingredients of the liquid examined.
- the measuring chamber is delimited on the upper side by the measuring window and on the underside by the reflector.
- the surface of the reflector is wetted by the liquid.
- the task is solved according to the invention in that a further translucent window is arranged between the reflector and the measuring chamber, which limits the measuring chamber to the other side.
- the liquid only comes into contact with the further window instead of the reflector surface.
- the window can be made of a smooth, easy-to-clean material, preferably glass, while the rough reflector surface is not wetted and contaminated by the liquid. It therefore does not need to be cleaned and therefore cannot wear out.
- the additional window greatly reduces the effort required for cleaning and possibly replacing the reflector and greatly improves the reproducibility of the measurement results. This is surprising here in that additional optical elements in the beam path basically represent additional sources of error which can also worsen the measurement results.
- the arrangement known from DE 31 03 476 C2 has the disadvantage that the O-ring seal arranged between the measuring window and the reflector is elastic, so that after opening and closing the measuring cell the layer thickness is not reliably reproduced.
- the O-ring seal arranged between the measuring window and the reflector is elastic, so that after opening and closing the measuring cell the layer thickness is not reliably reproduced.
- the Surface of the O-ring particularly easily deposits from the liquid that have to be removed during cleaning.
- the measuring chamber acts as a cavity between a translucent lower part of the chamber and a translucent upper part lying on the lower part of the chamber 4 is formed.
- the non-existent O-ring cannot get dirty and the hard materials of the upper and lower parts of the chamber that are in contact with each other always ensure a precisely reproducible layer thickness in the measuring chamber. Since the measuring chamber is formed by only two simply designed components, it has practically no corners, edges or niches in which contaminants could nest. It is therefore particularly easy to clean.
- the upper part of the chamber be designed as a cover in the form of a disc with a rim suitable as a screw or bayonet lock.
- the upper chamber part is designed as a plane-parallel plate, preferably as a glass plate, the underside of which rests on a flat surface of the chamber bottom part and has a plane-parallel recess which, together with the surface of the chamber bottom part, borders the measuring chamber .
- the depth of the plane-parallel recess determines the layer thickness of the specimen to be examined
- liquid lines are required which lead into the measuring chamber at suitable points.
- a simple embodiment of the liquid supply and discharge provides that the lower chamber part for the inflow and outflow of the liquid to be examined is provided with two channels which, starting from the underside of the lower chamber part, open into a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the measuring chamber. The further liquid lines can then be easily connected to the channels from the outside.
- the reproducibility of the measurement results can be further improved by the lower chamber part having an annular recess in the edge region of the plane-parallel recess of the upper chamber part, into which the channels open at radially opposite points.
- This measure ensures that a somewhat thicker bypass for the liquid is formed around the measuring area, in which the air bubbles which may be contained in the liquid and which could falsify the measuring results are guided past the measuring area.
- the lower part of the chamber has a central cylindrical reflector bore introduced from its underside, in which the reflector is arranged, with a preferably plane-parallel window area of the lower part of the chamber between the reflector and the measuring chamber 6 translucent windows.
- This window is relatively thin in relation to the other thickness of the lower chamber part due to the reflector bore, so that an unfavorable optical absorption of the window is reduced and the heat transfer between the reflector and measuring chamber is improved.
- the reflector consists of a reflector body with an essentially cylindrical upper part, on the end face of which a reflective layer is applied.
- the reflective layer consist of a rough gold coating.
- the reflector body consists of a good heat-conducting material, preferably copper, and can be heated and / or cooled. This enables the temperature of the liquid to be examined to be kept constant and thus contributes to improving the reproducibility of the measurement results, which are very temperature-dependent. In addition, the temperature can be kept constant with very little energy because the
- Reflector body has a relatively small volume / mass and is placed close to the measuring chamber. This means that little heat flows unused into the surroundings or (in cooling mode) from the surroundings. Since only smaller masses have to be heated / cooled, the response time for a new temperature is very short.
- a Peltier element is provided as heating and / or cooling.
- Peltier element only requires electricity and no complex water connection, it being possible to switch from heating to cooling by simply reversing the current direction.
- End face on the window area of the lower chamber part under elastic pretension ensures good thermal contact with the measuring chamber and constant conditions during the optical transition between the window area of the lower chamber part and the reflector, in particular a plane-parallel system with not too high contact pressure.
- a thermally conductive intermediate piece which has a preferably circular groove on its top, into which a preferably tubular lower part of the reflector body is slidably inserted.
- the heat transfer of this arrangement can be improved further by providing the groove with a good heat-conducting, permanently pasty material, preferably with heat-conducting paste.
- the pretension required for pressing the reflector against the lower part of the chamber can be generated in a simple manner by arranging a shim or disc spring on the groove base for generating an elastic pretension between the reflector body and the intermediate piece.
- the measure is that the lower part of the chamber has a temperature sensor in the window area, which is preferably arranged eccentrically in the vicinity of the liquid inlet. This temperature sensor can interact with the heating / cooling in a generally known control circuit in order to automatically stabilize the temperature of the liquid sample under various environmental influences and to set a predetermined temperature from a certain range.
- the lower part of the chamber in the window area has a recess extending from the reflector bore in which the temperature sensor is accommodated, so that it is close to the surface delimiting the measuring chamber of
- Figure 1 is a view from the bottom of a liquid measuring cell according to the invention with the lower housing part removed;
- Figure 2 shows a section along line A of Figure 1 of the same liquid measuring cell.
- the liquid measuring cell according to the invention shown in the figures has a housing with an essentially collar-shaped housing upper part 1 and a lid-like housing lower part 2, which are connected to one another by housing screws 3 and sealed by means of an O-ring seal 4.
- the upper housing part 1 has a large circular opening 6 in its upper region 5, in which a lower chamber part 7 made of glass is received.
- the lower chamber part 7 bears upwards against a radially inwardly projecting collar 8 of the upper housing part 1 and is sealed off from this by means of a further O-ring seal 9.
- the lower chamber part 7 is supported from below by a holder 17.
- a cover-shaped chamber upper part 10 consists of a translucent glass pane 11, which is inserted into an intermediate ring 12 and serves as a measuring window, and an edge 13 bent towards the upper housing part 1, which is firmly connected to the intermediate ring 12.
- the upper chamber part 10 is placed on the upper housing part 1, the edge 13 encompassing the upper region 5 of the upper housing part 1 and being releasably connected to it by means of a bayonet catch.
- the upper chamber part 10 can be easily removed from the liquid measuring cell by loosening the bayonet catch.
- an O-ring seal 14 between an inwardly facing annular projection of the intermediate ring 12 and the collar 8 of the upper housing part 1 and an O-ring seal 15 between the said annular projection and the circumference of the glass pane 11 intended.
- the O-ring 15 also forms a clamp that the 10
- the measurement results depend very much on the irradiated layer thickness of the liquid. It is therefore crucial that this remains constant over the entire measuring area and beyond the measuring duration, in order to ensure comparable conditions even in later measurements, especially in the case of coherent series of measurements.
- the upper chamber part 10 rests on the lower chamber part 7 and forms a cavity with it, the measuring chamber 16, in which the liquid to be examined is located during the measurement.
- the thickness of the measuring chamber 16 is therefore identical to the layer thickness of the liquid. It is determined here by the depth of a plane-parallel recess on the underside of the glass pane 11, which lies on the surface of the lower chamber part 7 which is flat in the measuring region.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the different layer thicknesses / chamber thicknesses required for measurements on different liquids can be realized simply by using several glass plates 11 with recesses of different depths. Instead of having several liquid measuring cells available, you only need the glass plate 11
- the exchange can be carried out particularly easily here by loosening the bayonet catch, removing the upper chamber part 10 and pushing the glass plate 11 out of its clamp holder (0-ring 15). Another glass plate with a shallower or deeper recess is then inserted into the intermediate ring 12. The upper chamber part 10 is then replaced and rotated until the bayonet catch engages.
- five different glass plates in the layer thickness range between 50 m m and 800 m m will typically suffice for all applications.
- the lower chamber part 7 has two channels 18, 19 for the inflow and outflow of the liquid to be examined into the measuring chamber 16.
- the channels 18, 19 extend from the underside of the lower chamber part 7 to a liquid inlet 20 and a liquid outlet 21 at the top the lower chamber part 7.
- the lower chamber part 7 is provided with an annular recess 22 which is arranged radially in the edge region of the plane-parallel recess of the upper chamber part 10 and surrounds the measuring surface. In this annular recess 22 open the
- Liquid inlet 20 and liquid outlet 21 at radially opposite locations.
- any air bubbles that may be present preferably flow through the annular recess 22 and are therefore guided around the measurement area.
- the liquid measuring cell is provided with an inflow line 23 and an outflow line 24, which are connected by means of screw connections 25, 26 to the channels 18, 19 of the lower chamber part 7. Further 12
- Screw connections 27, 28 are arranged on the free ends of the lines 23, 24 located outside the liquid measuring cell. They are used to connect the liquid measuring cell to a liquid reservoir, from which liquid is conveyed, for example by means of a pump, and an outflow for the "used" liquid.
- the lower chamber part 7 is provided with a central reflector bore 29 which is introduced from the underside and which serves to receive a reflector 30.
- the reflector 30 consists of a reflector body with a cylindrical upper part 31, the end face 32 of which is provided with a rough gold coating as a reflective layer.
- the end face 32 lies under prestress on the upper end face of the reflector bore 29, where the glass chamber lower part 7 has a plane-parallel translucent window area 33 which separates the reflection layer from the measuring chamber 16 and thus forms a further window of the measuring chamber 16.
- the reflector 30 also serves to temper the liquid in the measuring chamber 16 and is made of copper because of the good heat transfer properties.
- a Peltier element 34 is provided, which is attached to the lower housing part 2.
- a heat-conducting intermediate piece 35 is arranged, which is fastened to the lower housing part 2 by means of screws 36.
- the intermediate piece 35 and reflector 30 are designed to be axially displaceable relative to one another.
- the reflector 30 has a tubular lower part 37 which projects into an annular groove 38 on the upper side of the intermediate piece 35.
- the groove 38 is filled with thermal paste. There is a shim on the bottom of the groove
- the lower chamber part 7 is equipped with a temperature sensor
- the temperature sensor 40 is accommodated in a recess 41 which, starting from the reflector bore 29, extends up to almost below the
- the temperature sensor 40 is very close to the measuring chamber 16 and measures the true liquid temperature with high accuracy.
- Temperature sensors 40 are led through a recess 43 of the reflector body 30 and finally out of the housing 1, 2, where they are connected to an electronic temperature control circuit, not shown.
- the electrical leads 44 for the Peltier element 34 also lead out of the housing 1, 2 to the temperature control circuit.
- the liquid measuring cell according to the invention has universal chemical resistance because of its special sealing concept described above. She 14 can be cleaned in a simple manner after the bayonet catch has been released and the upper chamber part 10 has been removed, the gold coating of the reflector 30 arranged behind the glass of the window area 33 always being protected.
- the liquid layer thickness can be changed quickly by simply replacing the glass pane 11 with the upper chamber part 10 removed, the desired layer thickness being reproducible with high accuracy due to the precise manufacture of the glass parts 7, 10.
- the small Peltier element 16 can transfer the heat to the other side via a suitable heat sink
- the liquid measuring cell according to the invention is for the examination of liquid samples in the 15
- Viscosity range from syrup to alcohol suitable, whereby the specific ingredients and other characteristics can be measured.
- the sample can be fed manually with a syringe or automatically with a pump.
- the samples are tempered in the measuring chamber 16 within a very short time, so that comparable measuring conditions are available very quickly and the individual measurements are completed within a very short time.
- a typical response time is only two minutes. In the case of extensive series of measurements in particular, a large number of individual measurements can be carried out within a given time interval.
- the actual spectroscopic measurements can, for example, as described in DE 31 03 476 C2, be carried out by means of an optical integration sphere with radiation detectors, a suitable radiation source selecting specific light wavelengths by means of a filter wheel, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,236,076.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99908910A EP1057005B1 (de) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-16 | Flüssigkeitsmesszelle |
| US09/622,742 US6657718B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-16 | Measuring cell for liquids |
| DE59907448T DE59907448D1 (de) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-16 | Flüssigkeitsmesszelle |
| JP2000533738A JP2002505424A (ja) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-16 | 液体測定セル |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19808164.2 | 1998-02-27 | ||
| DE19808164A DE19808164A1 (de) | 1998-02-27 | 1998-02-27 | Flüssigkeitsmeßzelle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999044038A1 true WO1999044038A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 |
Family
ID=7859017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1999/000999 Ceased WO1999044038A1 (de) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-16 | Flüssigkeitsmesszelle |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6657718B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1057005B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002505424A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19808164A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1999044038A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2850752B1 (fr) * | 2003-01-31 | 2005-12-30 | Actaris Sas | Joint d'etancheite de compteur de fluide et compteur equipe d'un tel joint |
| US7245368B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2007-07-17 | C & L Instruments | Sample chamber for microscopy |
| DE102004010217A1 (de) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-15 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Anordnung und Verfahren zur spektroskopischen Bestimmung der Bestandteile und Konzentrationen pumpfähiger organischer Verbindungen |
| JP4660782B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-03-30 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 液中セル |
| EP2012110A1 (de) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-07 | Bp Oil International Limited | Optische Zelle |
| CN108469465B (zh) * | 2018-03-19 | 2020-11-03 | 西北大学 | 一种用于激光剥蚀的载样装置 |
| TWI811067B (zh) * | 2022-08-18 | 2023-08-01 | 竹陞科技股份有限公司 | 感測裝置 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3998592A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1976-12-21 | Ford Motor Company | Thermoelectric heat pump for chemiluminescence detectors |
| DE3103476A1 (de) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-12-24 | Technicon Instruments Corp., 10591 Tarrytown, N.Y. | "kuevette" |
| US4580901A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1986-04-08 | Pacific Scientific Company | Fluid sample cell |
| US5046854A (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1991-09-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Photometric cell and probe having windows fusion sealed to a metallic body |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1761394U (de) * | 1957-09-21 | 1958-02-13 | Leitz Ernst Gmbh | Kuevette fuer optische pruef- und messgeraete. |
| US3418053A (en) * | 1964-08-28 | 1968-12-24 | Technicon Instr | Colorimeter flow cell |
| BE731567A (de) * | 1968-09-24 | 1969-10-01 | ||
| DE7333009U (de) * | 1972-09-15 | 1974-03-07 | Applied Research Laboratories Ltd | Durchflußküvette |
| US3920334A (en) * | 1973-11-13 | 1975-11-18 | Du Pont | Dual purpose detector for a liquid chromatograph |
| US3920332A (en) | 1974-05-28 | 1975-11-18 | Bell & Howell Co | Cartridge or cassette control system with an automatic final run at the end of a web |
| JPS5298478U (de) * | 1976-01-22 | 1977-07-25 | ||
| US4213703A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1980-07-22 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Photometer with stationary sample holder and rotatable shutter |
| US4236076A (en) | 1979-02-26 | 1980-11-25 | Technicon Instruments Corporation | Infrared analyzer |
| JPS5847755U (ja) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-03-31 | 横河電機株式会社 | 人工透析装置用漏血検出装置 |
| US4566791A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1986-01-28 | Pacific Scientific Company | Fluid sample cell comprising Fresnel sectors |
| US4566891A (en) | 1984-12-24 | 1986-01-28 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Fin cooler clamp |
| JPH0197841A (ja) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 吸光光度計 |
| JPH01295136A (ja) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-11-28 | Kiyouseki Seihin Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | エンジン油の劣化検出装置 |
| DE8913786U1 (de) * | 1988-12-17 | 1990-01-25 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Durchflußküvette geringer optischer Länge |
| JPH05240774A (ja) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-09-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 光学セル及び光学検出装置とこれを用いる試料分離検出装置 |
| EP0616211B1 (de) * | 1993-03-18 | 1999-01-13 | Novartis AG | Optische Detektorvorrichtung für die chemische Analyse von kleinen fluiden Probenvolumina |
| US5386121A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-01-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | In situ, non-destructive CVD surface monitor |
| GB9404749D0 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1994-04-27 | Ars Holding 89 Nv | Device for use in spectrophotometry |
| JP3228080B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-07 | 2001-11-12 | 富士電機株式会社 | 多重反射形試料セル |
| JP3268966B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-05 | 2002-03-25 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | 多重反射型ガスセル |
-
1998
- 1998-02-27 DE DE19808164A patent/DE19808164A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-02-16 JP JP2000533738A patent/JP2002505424A/ja active Pending
- 1999-02-16 WO PCT/EP1999/000999 patent/WO1999044038A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-16 US US09/622,742 patent/US6657718B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-16 EP EP99908910A patent/EP1057005B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-16 DE DE59907448T patent/DE59907448D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3998592A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1976-12-21 | Ford Motor Company | Thermoelectric heat pump for chemiluminescence detectors |
| DE3103476A1 (de) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-12-24 | Technicon Instruments Corp., 10591 Tarrytown, N.Y. | "kuevette" |
| US4580901A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1986-04-08 | Pacific Scientific Company | Fluid sample cell |
| US5046854A (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1991-09-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Photometric cell and probe having windows fusion sealed to a metallic body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1057005A1 (de) | 2000-12-06 |
| DE59907448D1 (de) | 2003-11-27 |
| EP1057005B1 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
| DE19808164A1 (de) | 1999-09-16 |
| JP2002505424A (ja) | 2002-02-19 |
| US6657718B1 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
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