WO1999064796A1 - Cryogenic container and magnetism measuring apparatus using it - Google Patents
Cryogenic container and magnetism measuring apparatus using it Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999064796A1 WO1999064796A1 PCT/JP1999/003052 JP9903052W WO9964796A1 WO 1999064796 A1 WO1999064796 A1 WO 1999064796A1 JP 9903052 W JP9903052 W JP 9903052W WO 9964796 A1 WO9964796 A1 WO 9964796A1
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- cooling
- cooling medium
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- container
- cryogenic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/035—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using superconductive devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
- F17C2203/0687—Special properties of materials for vessel walls superconducting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0157—Compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
- F17C2270/0509—"Dewar" vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to, for example, a medical diagnostic apparatus for measuring a magnetic field generated from an object such as a human body or a living body, and a physical property measuring apparatus for measuring the magnetic permeability of a material.
- a cryogenic container for storing a cooled object suitable for storing a cooled object such as a squeeze element (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) used as a transmission transducer, and
- the present invention relates to a magnetometer using the same.
- the squid element is an element that measures a small change in external magnetic flux by utilizing a quantum interference effect in a Josephson junction in a superconducting state.
- the magnetic measurement means a magnetic field measurement, a magnetic permeability measurement, and the like.
- the squeeze element is kept in a very low temperature state in a heat insulating container (cryos, solar, etc.) by liquid helium, liquid nitrogen or the like.
- a heat insulating container such as a heat insulating container
- dc-SQUID DC squid
- a magnetic flux is applied to a squid element loop, which is a superconducting loop including a Josephson junction
- a voltage appearing between terminals of the loop is obtained. Oscillates with a period that depends on the magnetic flux intensity of the magnetic flux quantum in the junction. By detecting this fluctuating voltage, the magnetic flux crossing the loop is detected with high sensitivity.
- a cooling structure for this purpose, a structure in which the squid element is immersed in a cooling medium of liquid helium or liquid nitrogen in a cryogenic container for storing the squid element and cooled, or the squid element is directly cooled by a refrigerator The structure is known.
- the above-mentioned cryogenic container for storing a squid element includes an external magnetic field together with the object. It is placed in a magnetically shielded room surrounded by a ferromagnetic material such as permalloy to shield it from the field.
- a conventional cryogenic container for storing a squid element which is crushed by being immersed in a liquid helium-liquid nitrogen cooling medium and cooled, is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-3212138 and It is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-321382.
- a conventional cryogenic container for storing liquid crystal elements which is immersed and cooled in a liquefied refrigerant such as liquid rim
- the liquid crystal elements are cooled by being buried in the refrigerant. It can be cooled uniformly to the same temperature.
- the cryogenic container for storage since the cryogenic container for storage has heat infiltration from room temperature to the cryogenic part, the cryogenic container for storage is made of a vacuum insulated container to minimize the heat penetration, but the liquid helium evaporates gradually. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish the refrigerant with liquid helium every week. This filling operation is complicated, and there is a problem that the operating cost increases because the refrigerant is an expensive liquid helm.
- the superconducting magnet is cooled as in the configuration of a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus using a medical superconducting magnet described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-3211382.
- a refrigerator is installed in a vacuum-insulated cryogenic container, and heat from the room temperature to the cryogenic part is cooled by the cooling of the refrigerator to reduce the evaporation of liquid helium. It has been known. However, it is necessary to replenish the liquid helium every six months, and this filling work is complicated.
- the cooling support near the squid element must be made of a non-conductor to prevent the generation of eddy current due to the measured magnetic flux.
- Non-conductor thermal conductivity is small.
- the squid element has a structure that allows easy detachment of the squid element from the cooling support in consideration of maintenance, inspection and replacement. Therefore, the squid element is usually lightly supported on the cooling support by screws or the like, and the degree of heat transfer contact between the cooling support and the squid element cannot be constantly controlled for each squid element. Therefore, there is a problem that the cooling temperature of each squid element varies.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic container and a magnetic measurement device using the cryogenic container which can ensure safety for the human body even if the container is damaged during measurement of the human body or the like. is there.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic device capable of arranging a cooled object to be measured such as a squid element in an omnidirectional direction, that is, a direction perpendicular to the object to be measured, or in a horizontal direction or an oblique direction.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a container and a magnetic measurement device using the container.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic vessel capable of substantially uniformly cooling a cooled object to be measured such as a squid element and maintaining a predetermined measurement accuracy, and a magnetic measurement apparatus using the same. Is to do.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic vessel in which the pressure in the cryogenic vessel does not substantially increase above atmospheric pressure during steady-state low-temperature operation, and a magnetic measurement apparatus using the cryogenic vessel.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic container in which the amount of liquefied gas used for cooling a cooling medium is reduced, and a magnetometer using the same.
- a cryogenic container for storing a squid element in which a cooling medium for cooling a squid element has a very small amount of evaporation. At least a part, preferably the whole, is buried in a cooling medium, and the cooling medium is cooled and solidified by cooling of the refrigerator.
- the cooling medium in contact with the squid element is substantially solidified, so that extremely high safety can be ensured when measuring a human body and the like, and the cooling medium does not evaporate.
- the solidification of the cooling medium substantially integrates the squid element and the cooling medium, so that the object to be cooled can be freely inclined according to the shape of the object.
- the cryogenic container for storing a squid element capable of substantially uniformly cooling the squid element is a cryogenic container for storing a squid element, which is cooled to a temperature equivalent to the cooling temperature of a cooling medium. It has a structure to heat shield the extremely low temperature part of the container. In other words, the heat shield reduces the amount of radiant heat entering the squid element group and reduces the temperature of the squid element group uniformly.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a cross-sectional structure of a squeeze and a cryogenic container for storing a sod element in an embodiment using a pulse tube refrigerator as the refrigerator of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a cryogenic container for storing a squid element according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the cryogenic vessel 1 for storing the squid element is NbT which is in a superconducting state at a critical temperature of about 7 K or less in absolute temperature (for example, 4.2 K of liquid helium temperature at atmospheric pressure).
- Squid element 2 composed of materials such as i or YB a 2 Cu 307, etc., which becomes superconductive at a high critical temperature of about 90 K or less (for example, 77 K of liquid nitrogen temperature at atmospheric pressure)
- Element 2 made of the same material as above, and silicon oil, a fluid cooling medium before being cooled (boiling point under atmospheric pressure of 410 K or less) Above)
- Cooling medium with boiling point above room temperature under atmospheric pressure such as perfluorocarbon (boiling point under atmospheric pressure 3 13 K or more) 3
- Cooling medium 3 with boiling point above the cooling temperature of the liquid crystal element A possible inner container 37, an outer container 6 surrounding the inner container 37 and forming an insulating space 5 between the inner container 37, and a solvent inserted in the upper part of the inner container 37, for example.
- Refrigerator 7, flange 8 for shutting off the inside of the inner container 37 from the outside air, and supporting the liquid crystal element 2 in the cooling medium and storing the measured current from the liquid crystal element 2 in the liquid crystal element It is configured to include a measuring wire 9 leading to the outside of the cryogenic vessel 1 and support mechanisms 10a, 10b, and 10c for holding the squid element 2 with holes.
- the inside of the inner container 37 and the outside air have a structure that can be airtightly isolated.
- 1 1 is an air outlet of the measuring conductor 9, and the inner container 3 7 and the outer container 6 are made of non-conductive material such as glass epoxy resin, etc. to prevent the generation of eddy current due to measurement magnetic flux. Be produced.
- this measuring lead is connected to an external processing device 100 that performs measurement signal processing.
- a temperature element such as a thermocouple is built in the element 2 (not shown), and its signal is connected to an external processing device through a measuring wire 11 1 outlet, and the temperature of each element is measured.
- the signal is processed by an external processing unit to monitor the temperature of each squid element during the cooling process, and to judge when the squid element has cooled to cryogenic temperature and has become superconductive and can be measured.
- the temperature characteristics of the individual skid elements are usually slightly different from each other. Also, when the temperature of the squid element changes, the magnitude of the output changes for the same measured magnetic flux value.
- a heating means such as a heater is built in the squid element 2 (not shown), and an electric wire (not shown) to the heating means is heated by the external processing means 100 similarly to the measuring wire 9. Is connected to the power supply. Due to operations such as opening the magnetic shield wall 34, a large external magnetic flux enters and is captured by some of the superconducting squid elements 2, and the captured magnetic flux remains even when the external magnetic flux is interrupted. There is a possibility that it may be impossible to measure the minute magnetic flux by this device.
- the element in question is heated as described above. After heating by means and temporarily returning to the normal state to eliminate the trapped magnetic flux, it can be returned to the superconducting state by cooling again to return to a measurable state.
- the temperature rise may be on the order of several tens of degrees
- the refrigerator continues to operate, and the element around the element in question is cooled, and the element is heated until the required temperature increase is reached. .
- a local temperature distribution occurs due to the thermal resistance of the heat conductor around the device, and only the temperature of the device and its immediate vicinity increases. Therefore, heating and re-cooling can be performed efficiently.
- the heat insulating layer 5 is formed by a laminated heat insulating material 12a, 12b, 12c such as an aluminum evaporated film for preventing radiant heat from entering from the external container 6, and a magnetic field fluctuation from the outside.
- Heat shield plates 13a and 13b made of strip-shaped copper plates or small-diameter enamel-coated copper wires, which are less likely to generate eddy currents that cause noise, are provided so as to surround the inner container 37. .
- Each of the heat shield plates 13a and 13b is thermally integrated with the outer surface of the wall of the inner container 37 at a predetermined temperature, for example, an absolute temperature of 50 K or less than 7 K.
- Insulated spaces 14 a and 14 b in the upper part of the inner container 3 7 are provided with a laminated heat insulating material such as an aluminum vapor-deposited film to prevent radiant heat from the room temperature flange 8 to the cryogenic portion 1.
- a laminated heat insulating material such as an aluminum vapor-deposited film to prevent radiant heat from the room temperature flange 8 to the cryogenic portion 1.
- the cooling medium 3 has a predetermined capacity when the squid element is assembled or before cooling the squid element, and the squid element 2 is immersed in the cooling medium 3.
- the liquid level of the cooling medium 3 is set near where a part of the second cooling stage 16 of the refrigerator 7 is immersed.
- the valves 17 and 18 are opened, and the inside of the inner container 37 and the heat insulating space 5 are evacuated by the vacuum pump 19.
- the inside of the inner container 37 has a uniform pressure over the ventilation ports 14c and 14d.
- the refrigerator is operated. High-pressure helium gas pressurized by the helium compressor 20 is supplied from the pipe 21 to the refrigerator 7 through the flow path switch 23 a controlled by the valve switching cycle adjuster 22.
- the high-pressure helium gas is adiabatically expanded in the refrigerator to cool the first cooling stage 24 and the second cooling stage 16.
- the low-pressure helium gas after expansion passes through the pipe 23 b and the flow path switch 23 a. After that, it is returned to the compressor 20 via the pipe 25.
- the first cooling stage 24 and the second cooling stage 16 start cooling gradually at the same time as the operation of the refrigerator 7 starts, and the cooling plate 26 thermally integrated with the first cooling stage 24 heats up.
- the cooling plate 27 cooled to about 50 K and thermally integrated with the second cooling stage 16 is cooled to a temperature of about 7 K or less.
- the cooling plate 26 and the cooling plate 27 are made of a material such as aluminum-copper-sapphire, which is a non-magnetic material and has good thermal conductivity.
- Silicone grease or the like is applied to the outer peripheral portion of the cooling plate 26 so as to make good thermal contact with the inner container 4. Further, a flange portion 28 is provided to increase the contact area between the inner wall of the inner container 4 and the flange portion 28, thereby improving the heat conduction function. Cool the mounting part of the heat shield plate 13a, which is thermally integrated with the outer wall of the inner container 4 at the position of the flange part 28, to a temperature of about 50 K, and cool the entire heat shield plate 13a. .
- the injected cooling medium 3 was present, and good thermal contact was achieved, and was thermally integrated with the outer wall of the inner container 4 at the same position. Cool the mounting part of the heat shield plate 13 b to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less, and cool the entire heat shield plate 13 b.
- the lower part of the cooling plate 27 is made of a non-magnetic material with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum-copper or sapphire, and has a shape that does not easily generate eddy currents. The eddy current is less likely to occur.
- a heat conductor 29 composed of a plurality of enameled copper wires bundled together is thermally integrated with the cooling plate 27 by, for example, soldering the end face. The heat is uniformly cooled to about 7 K or less by the heat conductor 29. Therefore, the squid element group immersed in the cooling medium 3 is uniformly cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less with almost no thermal resistance between the squid elements 2 because the entire squid element 2 is in contact with the cooling medium 3. You.
- the cooling plate 27 is thermally integrated with a heat conductor 32 composed of a strip-shaped copper plate or a small-diameter insulated copper wire.
- a heat conductor 32 composed of a strip-shaped copper plate or a small-diameter insulated copper wire.
- the valve 17 is closed and the vacuum pump 19 is stopped. At this time, the valve 18 may be left as it is.
- an object such as an air pillow-shaped air bag, styrene foam, urethane foam, etc. that absorbs volume expansion displacement, or a volume smaller than the volume expansion coefficient of the solidified cooling medium 3
- a displacement absorber 33 made of a material containing a substance having an expansion coefficient is arranged.
- a cell in the displacement absorber 33 made of polystyrene foam, urethane foam, etc.
- butane gas, carbon dioxide gas, air, etc. when the inside of the inner container 37 is evacuated to a vacuum at room temperature, most of the gas inside does not escape because the inner cell wall is rigid, and the cooling medium 3 acts as an airtight sealant, making it more difficult for gas to escape, and does not hinder evacuation.
- the gas in the cell solidifies in the displacement absorber 33 during the cooling, and the inside of the cell is in a vacuum state, which also serves as a vacuum heat insulating material, thereby preventing heat from entering the squid element group.
- the displacement absorber 33 can absorb the volume expansion of the solidified cooling medium 3 by the deformation of the cell whose inside is evacuated. Even if some cell walls are broken due to the deformation of this cell, the internal gas has already solidified, and the temperature of the cooling medium 3 is lower than this solidification point, so the degree of vacuum in the internal vessel 37 is reduced. I will not do it.
- the displacement absorber 33 is disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the inner container 4. However, the displacement absorber 33 may be disposed at an appropriate place in the cooling medium 3 that can absorb the deformation of the solidified cooling medium 3.
- the preparation for measurement is completed, and a weak magnetic flux generated from the subject 36 on the bed 35 in the magnetic shield wall 34 is measured.
- the operation of the refrigerator 7 is temporarily stopped for these minutes, and the measurement accuracy can be improved by eliminating the vibration of the refrigerator.
- the refrigerator is started again and cooled. For this operation stop, it is sufficient to stop the operation of the flow path switch 23.
- the cooling medium is solidified, so that the cooling performance of the squid element group does not change.
- wax such as paraffin
- it is heated and fluidized by a heater or a hot-air dryer, and vacuum degassed in a separate container (not shown) where the cooling medium is heated. Remove air and volatile components from the inside, inject into the heated inner container 37, deaerate the air that has entered at the time of injection, then release at room temperature to solidify, tilt at room temperature, Even if it is upside down, the cooling medium does not move and can be transported in any posture, making it easier to transport and move the equipment.
- the internal container 4 since the pressure inside and outside the internal container 4 can be maintained evenly, the internal container 4 does not need to be a pressure container, and the thickness of the wall of the internal container 4 and the thickness of the bottom plate 37 are reduced. The thickness can be reduced. Therefore, by reducing the thickness of the wall of the inner container 4, the amount of heat infiltration is reduced and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator 7 can be reduced, so that the size and power consumption can be reduced. Further, since the thickness of the bottom plate 37 can be reduced, the group of squid elements 2 can be closer to the magnetic flux generation source of the subject 36, and the measurement accuracy is further improved.
- the squid element group is arranged in the vertical direction in the direction of gravity.
- the squid element group may be arranged in the horizontal direction or at an angle in the inner container.
- the liquid surface of the cooling medium 3 is in contact with the heat conductor 29 and the liquid surface position where the liquid crystal element group is buried.
- the outer peripheral portion of the cooling plate 27 is thermally integrated via silicon grease or the like so that good thermal contact with the inner container 4 can be achieved.
- the displacement absorber 33 may be disposed outside the heat conductor 32.
- the cooling medium 3 has a higher thermal conductivity than the cooling medium 3 such as solder particles, aluminum aluminum particles, ceramic particles of an electric insulating material, long fibers, and the like.
- solder particles aluminum aluminum particles, ceramic particles of an electric insulating material, long fibers, and the like.
- copper fibers, or contaminants such as copper spheres hermetically sealed with helium gas or nitrogen gas or a thin tube group hermetically sealed with helium gas, nitrogen gas, etc.
- the above contaminant is conductive, it is desirable to prevent the generation of eddy current and reduce the noise at the time of measurement by coating an electric insulating agent such as a surface enamel coating material.
- an electric insulating agent such as a surface enamel coating material.
- a wax such as paraffin is used as a cooling medium, and an electric insulator having a higher thermal conductivity than the cooling medium is evenly applied to the cooling medium that has been heated and has flowability.
- the mixture is poured into a predetermined position in the squeeze element storage container, degassed in a vacuum, and cooled by heat radiation air cooling to solidify. After solidification, the thermal conductivity of the mixture of the cooling medium containing the electric insulating material is uniform and does not change with time, so that the inside of the cooling medium is uniformly cooled and the squid element group 2 can be uniformly cooled.
- refrigerator 36 a refrigerator using helium, nitrogen, air, hydrogen, or chlorofluorocarbon as a working cooling medium or an electronic refrigerator using a Peltier element can be used.
- Other types of refrigerators using gas as a working fluid include pulse tube type, Gifode's McMahon type, Solvay type, Stirling type, Collins type expander type, expansion turbine type, and expansion valve type.
- Equipment with a combined Joule-Thomson expansion valve can be used.
- the operation of the refrigerator is stopped or the operation cycle of the refrigerator 7 is reversed to perform a heating operation to bring the inside of the inner container 4 to room temperature.
- Air or dry nitrogen is injected from the valve 38, the inside of the inner container 4 is set to the atmospheric pressure, the components below the flange 8 are removed from the inner container 4, and the squid element 2 can be replaced.
- FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cooling medium 3 is filled with a predetermined capacity when the squirt element is incorporated or before cooling, and the squid element 2 is cooled by the cooling medium 3 in a thin transparent small internal container 37 made of, for example, fluorocarbon. Soak with.
- a heat conductor (not shown) composed of a small-diameter insulated copper wire or the like is thermally integrated on the outer surface of the inner container 37 to facilitate heat transfer between the upper and lower portions of the inner container 37. The efficiency of internal cooling has been improved.
- the first cooling stage 24 and the second cooling stage 16 are cooled by the refrigerator.
- the cooling plate 40 thermally integrated with the first cooling stage 24 is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K
- the cooling plate 41 thermally integrated with the second cooling stage 16 is It is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less.
- the cooling plate 40 and the cooling plate 41 are made of a non-magnetic material having good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum-copper, non-conductive sapphire or ceramic.
- a heat shield plate 13a is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 40, and the mounting portion is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K by the first cooling stage 24, and the heat shield plate 13a is cooled.
- 1 3a Cool the whole.
- a heat shield plate 13b is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 41, and the mounting portion of the heat shield plate 13b is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less, and the heat shield plate 13b is cooled. b Cool the whole.
- a heat conductor 29 is thermally integrated with the cooling plate 41, and the cooling medium 3 is uniformly cooled by the heat conductor 29 to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less. You. Accordingly, the squid element group immersed in the cooling medium 3 is uniformly cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less with almost no thermal resistance between the two elements, since the entire squid element 2 is in contact with the cooling medium 3. .
- a displacement absorber 33 is disposed on the inner wall side below the inner container 37.
- a non-magnetic and non-conductive cylinder having sufficient rigidity to maintain a cylindrical shape for example, a cylinder made of perfluorocarbon and having aluminum deposited on its inner and outer surfaces.
- 4 2 is arranged and serves as a guide tube when the internal container 3 7 etc. directly or indirectly connected to the flange 4 3 is taken in and out of the external container 6, and on the outside and bottom of the cylindrical body 42 for heat insulation
- a laminated heat insulating material such as an aluminum evaporated film is disposed.
- a non-magnetic and non-conductive heat conductive structure 45 having good thermal conductivity is thermally integrated with the cooling plate 41 on the upper portion of the cooling plate 41, and the outer surface thereof has gas adsorption.
- the activated carbon 46 is thermally integrated and cooled to the cooling plate 41 temperature. After closing the valve 17, the residual gas in the insulation space 5 and the surface of the components facing the insulation space 5 The generated gas is adsorbed by the low-temperature activated carbon 46 to increase the degree of vacuum in the heat insulating space 5 and improve the heat insulating performance.
- the inner vessel 37 below the cooling plate 41 is surrounded by the heat shield 13 b cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less, so that the heat radiated from the outside is extremely small. Further, since the inner container 37 is supported from the lower portion of the refrigerator 7, there is no heat intrusion due to heat conduction from room temperature. Accordingly, the amount of heat penetration is further reduced, the cooling medium 3 below the cooling plate 41 is uniformly cooled to a lower temperature as a whole, and the two groups of squeezed elements also have a lower temperature uniform temperature as a whole. This has the effect of increasing the measurement sensitivity of each element of the quadruple element group and further improving the measurement performance.
- FIG. 3 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- This embodiment is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that holes 47 a and 47 b communicating the inside of the inner container 37 and the heat insulating space 5 are provided at the upper part of the inner container 37, and the heat shield plate 13 a , 13b are cooled by cooling plates 26, 27 to an absolute temperature of about 50 K, 7 ⁇ or less through cooling conductors 26, 27 via flexible heat conductors 48, such as enameled copper mesh.
- the conductor 49 is made of a thermally conductive material such as an enamel-coated copper mesh which is free to bend; that the displacement absorbing portion 51 is provided at the connection between the support 50 and the cooling plate 27; That is, the liquid level of 3 was maintained at a position lower than the cooling plate 27.
- the heat shield plate 13a can be satisfactorily cooled by the cooling plate 26 without applying silicon grease etc. so that the outer peripheral portion of the cooling plate 26 can be in good thermal contact with the inner container 4. It is possible to cool the heat shield plate 13 a with the cooling plate 26 satisfactorily without setting the liquid level of the cooling medium 3 above the cooling plate 27. Therefore, the cooling plates 26 and 27 and the inner wall of the inner container 4 do not adhere to each other due to the solidification of the silicon grease and the cooling medium 3, and the heat generated due to the difference in heat shrinkage between the two. No stress is generated, and an excessive load generated on the refrigerator components between the cooling plates 26 and 27 can be eliminated, and the reliability of the refrigerator can be improved.
- the heat conductors 49 and 32 are made of a heat conductive material such as an enamel-coated copper net which is free to bend, and the displacement absorbing portion 51 is provided at the connection between the support 50 and the cooling plate 27.
- the relative displacement difference between the cooling plate 27 and the solidified cooling medium 3 due to the cooling after the solidification of the cooling medium 3 can be absorbed by each component, eliminating the constraint displacement to the refrigerator and
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the cooling medium 3 has a predetermined capacity when the squid element is incorporated or before cooling, and the squid element 2 is cooled by the cooling medium 3 into a thin L-shaped rectangular shape made of, for example, an epoxy resin containing glass fiber.
- a heat conductor (not shown) composed of a small-diameter insulated copper wire or the like is thermally integrated on the outer surface of the inner container 52 to facilitate heat transfer between the upper and lower portions of the inner container 52.
- a thin-walled flange 53 is provided on the left side of the inner container 52 in the drawing, so that the inner container 52 can be removed therefrom at normal temperature.
- the valve 17 is opened and the vacuum pump 19 evacuates the heat insulating space 38 inside the L-shaped outer container 54 and the inside of the small inner container 52.
- the inside of the inner vessel 52 is evacuated through a ventilation pipe 55 and a cooling medium vapor mist separator 56.
- the separator 56 prevents the mist of the cooling medium from being discharged to the outside of the inner container 52, and prevents surface contamination of the heat insulating film 15a.
- the refrigerator is operated.
- the first cooling stage 24 and the second cooling stage 16 are cooled by the refrigerator.
- the cooling plate 40 thermally integrated with the first cooling stage 24 is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K
- the cooling plate 41 thermally integrated with the second cooling stage 16 is absolutely Cools to a temperature of about 7 K or less.
- the cooling plate 40 and the cooling plate 41 are made of a material such as aluminum-copper, non-conductive sapphire, or ceramic which is a non-magnetic material and has good thermal conductivity.
- a heat shield plate 57 a is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 40, and this mounting portion is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K by the first cooling stage 24, and the heat shield plate is cooled.
- the entire 5 7a and the thin flange 5 7b are cooled, and on the left side of the figure, a thin flange 5 7b is provided so that the inside of the heat shield plate 5 7a can be opened at room temperature. ing.
- a heat shield plate 58 a is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 41, and the mounting portion is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less by the first cooling stage 16, and the heat shield is formed.
- the entire cooling plate 58a and the thin flange 58b are cooled, and a thin flange 58b is provided on the left side of the figure, from which the heat shield plate 58a can be opened at room temperature. ing.
- a heat conductor 59 made of a material such as aluminum-copper, non-conductive, non-conductive sapphire, ceramic, etc., which is a non-magnetic material and has a good thermal conductivity, is attached to the cooling plate 41. It is thermally integrated, and an inner container 52 is supported below the heat conductor 59. Below the heat conductor 59, an L-shaped heat conductor 60 a made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, copper, non-conductive sapphire, ceramic or the like having good heat conductivity is used.
- a displacement absorber 33 is disposed on the inner wall side below the inner container 52.
- a flange 61 is provided on the left side of the outer container 54 in the drawing, and the inside of the outer container 54 can be opened from the room at normal temperature.
- the cryogenic container 1 for storing the skid element can be arbitrarily provided by a moving device 101 having an arm 102, an arm 103, and a joint 104 capable of rotating in any direction. Moved in position and direction.
- the tip of the arm 103 is rotatably connected to the cryogenic container 1 for storing a squid element.
- the joint 104 can rotate the arm 102 and the arm 103 vertically and horizontally.
- the position of the subject 36 can be adjusted while standing.
- the squid element can be quickly applied to the front, back, and side surfaces of the measurement target such as the heart of the subject 36, and the top, front, back, and side surfaces of the head.
- the position of the measuring part according to 2 can be determined.
- the cryogenic containers for storing the squid elements can be easily and individually moved by respective moving devices. Quick positioning It is also possible to control.
- the refrigerator is installed in the vertical direction at which the highest performance of the refrigerator is obtained, that is, in a direction in which the cold and hot parts are at the bottom and the treble part is at the top, and the squid element 2 can maintain its measurement direction in the horizontal direction.
- the magnetic flux generated from the heart can be measured. Therefore, the time from the setting of the subject 36 and the measurement device to the end of the measurement is shorter than when the subject 36 is laid down, and the time required for the measurement can be greatly reduced.
- the cryogenic container 1 for storing the liquid crystal element 1 is tilted horizontally so that the liquid crystal element 2 is located above, and the valve 17 is opened and the inside is opened.
- the second group of squid elements are fixedly supported on the flange 57b with screws or the like.
- the group of squeezed elements 2 together with the support mechanisms 10a and 10b for holding the squid elements 2 with the holes are pulled out of the inner container 52 together with the measuring wire 9, the detachable connector 63, and the connector 63.
- the squid element 2 can be provided with an air release flange on the plane in which the squid element 2 is installed. There is an effect that the inside of the inner container 52 can be replaced.
- the flanges 58b and 57b may be mounted at a pressing pressure that does not allow the cooling medium 3 to leak from the mounting portion.
- the valve 17 when the valve 17 is opened and the vacuum pump 19 is used to evacuate the heat insulation space 38 inside the L-shaped outer container 54 and the inside of the L-shaped inner container 52, the L-shaped Even if there is a reservoir of air in the container 52, the air is exhausted due to vacuum evacuation, and the cooling medium 3 enters into that part. Therefore, the residual air in the cooling medium 3 is almost exhausted, and the squid element 2 can be cooled uniformly.
- the thickness of the heat conductor 60a disposed at the center in the inner container 52 is larger than that of the heat conductor 60b, and the heat conduction amount of the heat conductor 60a is smaller than that of the heat conductor. 6 0 is larger.
- the cooling medium 3 in the inner container 52 is condensed from the inside.
- the solidified layer grows toward the outer circumference, and the relative thermal deformation difference between the inner circumference and the outer circumference due to the temperature drop after solidification can be reduced. This has the effect of solidifying the cooling medium 3 around the squid element 2 from the inside and preventing the squid element 2 from being broken by thermal deformation.
- the distance between the inner container 52 and the horizontal portion is short, the amount of shrinkage from the room temperature setting position to the cryogenic cooling position is small, and the distance between the outer surface of the flange 61 and the squid element 2 is low even when the temperature is low. Doesn't get too big Therefore, the distance between the squid element 2 and the heart of the subject is not so long, and there is an effect that the measurement accuracy is improved as compared with the related art.
- the L-shaped inner container 52 can be formed in a rectangular cross section, and each partition can be constituted by a thin flat plate, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. Can be.
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- magnetic shields 66, 67, 68 made of a material such as YBa2Cu307 are arranged on the outer periphery of the cylinders 64, 65 of the refrigerator 7.
- the inner or outer surface of the copper wire or copper mesh coated with enamel is thermally integrated, and the ends of the magnetic shields 66, 67 are thermally integrated with the cooling plate 40, and the absolute temperature
- the temperature is cooled to about 50 K, and the end of the magnetic shield 68 is thermally integrated with the second cooling stage 16 and the cooling plate 41 to cool to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less.
- the cylinders 64 and 65 have two types of regenerators (not shown) that reciprocate up and down.
- Each regenerator has a built-in regenerator material that absorbs magnetic flux at extremely low temperatures and is magnetized, such as copper mesh, lead spheres, and rare-earth metal alloys such as Er3Ni.
- the regenerative material of the copper net and the lead sphere reciprocates during operation, and an eddy current is generated in the copper net and the lead sphere by moving the non-uniform magnetic flux around, thereby generating a magnetic field therefrom. And generate noise.
- the regenerator material of Er 3Ni moves back and forth during operation, it absorbs the surrounding magnetic flux and moves up and down, causing it to move up and down. Field fluctuations occur and generate noise.
- the magnetic shields 66, 67, 68 made of a material such as YBa2Cu307 to make them superconductors, the surrounding magnetic flux is applied to the cylinders 64, 65. Cannot enter the magnetic shields 66, 67, 68, and the above noise does not occur. Then, the magnetic shields 66, 67, 68 are stationary during the movement of the regenerator, and no noise is generated even when the magnetic shield exists.
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the cooling medium 3 has a predetermined capacity when the liquid crystal element is assembled or before cooling, and the liquid crystal element 2 is thinned by the cooling medium 3 into, for example, a thin L-shaped rectangular cross section made of epoxy resin containing glass fiber.
- a heat conductor (not shown) composed of a small-diameter insulated copper wire or the like is thermally integrated on the outer surface of the inner container 52 to facilitate heat transfer between the upper and lower portions of the inner container 52.
- a thin flange 53 is provided on the left side of the inner container 52 in the figure so that the inside of the inner container 52 can be opened at normal temperature.
- the refrigerator is operated.
- the first cooling stage 24 and the second cooling stage 16 are cooled by the refrigerator.
- the cooling plate 40 thermally integrated with the first cooling stage 24 is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K
- the cooling plate 41 thermally integrated with the second cooling stage 16 is absolutely Cools to a temperature of about 7 K or less.
- the cooling plate 40 and the cooling plate 41 are made of a material such as aluminum-copper, non-conductive sapphire, or ceramic which is a non-magnetic material and has good thermal conductivity.
- a heat shield plate 57 a is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 40, and this mounting portion is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 50 K by the first cooling stage 24, and the heat shield plate is cooled.
- 5 7a Cools the whole and thin flange 5 7b.
- 57 b is provided so that the inside of the heat shield plate 57 a can be opened at normal temperature.
- a heat shield plate 58 a is thermally integrated with the outer periphery of the cooling plate 41, and this mounting portion is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 7 K or less by the first cooling stage 16, and the heat shield The entire cooling plate 58a and the thin flange 58b are cooled, and the thin flange 58b is provided on the left side of the figure, and the inside of the heat shield plate 58a can be opened from this at room temperature. .
- a heat conductor 59 made of a material such as aluminum-copper, non-conductive, non-conductive sapphire, ceramic, etc., which is a non-magnetic material and has a good thermal conductivity, is attached to the cooling plate 41. It is thermally integrated, and an inner container 52 is supported below the heat conductor 59. Below the heat conductor 59, an L-shaped heat conductor 60 a made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, copper, non-conductive sapphire, ceramic or the like having good heat conductivity is used.
- Displacement absorber 33 is arranged on the inner wall side below inner container 52.
- a flange 61 is provided on the left side of the outer container 54 in the drawing, and the inside of the outer container 54 can be opened from the room at normal temperature.
- the refrigerator is installed in the vertical direction at which the highest performance of the refrigerator is obtained, that is, in a direction in which the cold and hot parts are at the bottom and the treble part is at the top, and the squid element 2 can maintain its measurement direction in the horizontal direction.
- the magnetic flux generated from the heart can be measured. For this reason, the time from the start to the end of the measurement of the subject 36 is shorter than when the measurement is performed while lying down, and the time required for the measurement can be greatly reduced.
- the whole is returned to a normal temperature state, the cryogenic container 1 for storing the squid element is tilted horizontally so that the squid element 2 is upward, the valve 17 is opened, and the inside is enlarged. Atmospheric pressure, flange 6 1, 5 8 Leave b, 5 7 b. At this time, the second group of squid elements are fixedly supported on the flange 57b with screws or the like. Then, the group of squeezed elements 2 together with the support mechanisms 10a and 10b for holding the squid elements 2 by the holes are pulled out of the inner container 52 together with the measuring wire 9, the detachable connector 63, and the connector 63 are removed.
- the air opening flange can be provided on the surface of the squid element 2 in the installation direction, there is no need to replace the squid element 2 from the flange 43. This has the effect that the inside of the inner container 52 can be replaced.
- the flanges 58b and 57b may be mounted at a pressing pressure that does not allow the cooling medium 3 to leak from the mounting portion.
- the valve 17 when the valve 17 is opened and the vacuum pump 19 is used to evacuate the heat insulation space 38 inside the L-shaped outer container 54 and the inside of the L-shaped inner container 52, the L-shaped Even if there is an air pool in the internal container 52, the air is exhausted because the air is evacuated, and the cooling medium 3 enters the portion. Therefore, the residual air in the cooling medium 3 is almost exhausted, and the squid element 2 can be cooled uniformly.
- the thickness of the heat conductor 60a disposed at the center in the inner container 52 is larger than that of the heat conductor 60b, and the heat conduction amount of the heat conductor 60a is smaller than that of the heat conductor. 6 0 is larger.
- the cooling medium 3 in the inner container 52 starts to solidify from the inside, and a solidified layer grows toward the outer periphery. Thermal deformation difference can be reduced. This has the effect of solidifying the cooling medium 3 around the squid element 2 from the inside and preventing the squid element 2 from being broken by thermal deformation.
- the horizontal distance of the inner container 52 is short, the amount of shrinkage from the normal temperature setting position to the cryogenic cooling position is small, and the squeeze element The spacing of 2 does not increase much at low temperatures. Therefore, the distance between the squid element 2 and the heart of the subject is not so long, and the measurement accuracy is improved as compared with the conventional case.
- the L-shaped inner container 52 can be formed in a rectangular cross section, and the partition can be constituted by a thin flat plate, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 6 shows another embodiment according to the present invention. This embodiment is different from FIG. 5 in that a vent 69 is provided with a valve 69 that can be operated from the room temperature part, and furthermore, the flange at the tip end side of the liquid crystal element 2 is eliminated, and the device is turned upside down. Sometimes, the cooling refrigerant 3 is prevented from leaking from the inner container 52, and flanges 70, 71, 72, 73 are provided on the bottom portion of the inner container 52.
- the bottom portion of the outer container 54 can be opened from the bottom of the device at room temperature by opening the flange 73 at room temperature.
- the valve 69 is closed, the cryogenic container 1 for storing the squid element is turned upside down, and the valve 1 is Open 7 to atmospheric pressure and open flanges 73, 72, 71, 70. Then, pull out each of the squid elements from the support mechanism 10a, 10b that holds the squid element 2 with the hole, and also pull out the measuring wire 9, the detachable connector 63 from the inner container 52. After that, the connector 63 is removed, the group 2 of the squid elements is detached, replaced with a new squid element 2, returned to the original state, and restarted.
- the structure facing the front end of the squid element 2 is simplified and is not disassembled, so that the inner container 52 and the outer surface of the outer container are Since the interval between the tips can be narrowed, the squid element 2 can be closer to the subject, and the measurement accuracy is further improved.
- FIG. 7 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the cooling means uses liquid helium cold instead of the refrigerator.
- Liquid helium 75 is filled in the liquid helium inner tank 74 having a pressure resistance of about 1 atm.
- the liquid tank inner tank 74 is suspended from a flange 76 and held at a helium supply port 77.
- the heat shield plates 78 and 79 are cooled by the refrigerator 7 to about 50 K and 1 OK in absolute temperature.
- the inner container 37 is hung by a flange 80 and held at the bottom 81 of the liquid helium inner tank 74.
- the cooling medium 3 is cooled to an absolute temperature of about 4.2 K by a liquid hemisphere in a heat transfer tube 82 made of epoxy resin containing glass fiber or stainless steel. Since the heat transfer cylinder 82 has a small diameter, the wall thickness can be thin, and the thermal resistance can be reduced.
- a heat shield plate 83 which is thermally integrated, is provided near the bottom of the inner tank 74 of the liquid helm.
- a vent pipe 84 having a tip open to the vacuum layer 38 is provided, through which vacuum evacuation is performed.
- FIG. 8 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the present embodiment differs from FIG. 4 in that the cryogenic container 1 for storing a squid element 1 is installed horizontally along the body length direction of the subject 36 who is lying down.
- the height of the room surrounded by the magnetic shield wall 34 can be made lower than the vertical arrangement of the cryogenic container 1 for storing the squid element, and the room surrounded by the magnetic shield wall 34 can be reduced. There is an effect that the size can be reduced.
- the magnetic shield wall 34 uses an expensive material, for example, permalloy steel, the cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- This embodiment is different from FIG. 6 in that the inner container 88 is a non-magnetic heat conductive body 85, a heat conductive support 86, and a heat conductive porous body in which a plurality of vertical holes are provided in a solid body. 8, and each squid element 2 is inserted into the hole of the heat conductive porous body 87, the heat conductive porous body 87 is set in the internal vessel 88, and the cooling refrigerant 3 is injected into the internal vessel 88. It is in the point which did.
- the gap between the hole of the heat conductive porous body 87 and the squid element 2 can be set to a sufficiently small value of 1 mm or less, so that cracks and the like due to thermal deformation of the cooling refrigerant 3 during this period are almost eliminated. There is an effect that the liquid crystal element 2 can be cooled well.
- FIG. 1 is an example in which the pulse tube refrigerator 89 is applied to the refrigerator in the embodiment of FIG.
- the normal temperature sections of 7a, 97b, and their respective pulse tubes were connected to the holding tanks 97a, 97b, and the pressure loss of the gas flow resistance was adjusted by its size and length. It consists of piping 98a and 98b.
- the first regenerator 90 and the second regenerator 91 are connected in series, and the first pulse tube 92 and the second pulse tube 93 are connected in parallel.
- the end of the first pulse tube 92 communicates with the first regenerator 90 in the first cooling stage 94, and the end of the second pulse tube 93 is the second in the second cooling stage 95. It communicates with the cool storage device 9 1.
- the central part of the second pulse tube 93 is thermally integrated with the first cooling stage 94.
- the high-pressure helium gas supplied from the compressor 20 through the flow path switch 23 a is supplied from the pipe 96 to the upper part of the pulse tube refrigerator 89.
- the first regenerator 90 After flowing into the head of the first regenerator 90 and cooled to a temperature of about 50 K, it flows into the head of the second regenerator 91 and the bottom of the first pulse tube 92. The remaining gas is cooled to a temperature of about 50 K by the second regenerator 91 and then flows into the bottom of the second pulse tube 93.
- the high-pressure helium gas entering the bottom of the first pulse tube 92 is switched into the low-pressure circuit of the compressor 20 by the flow path switch 23a, the adiabatic expansion causes the temperature to drop sharply, After cooling the one cooling stage 94, the first regenerator 90 is cooled and returned to the compressor 20.
- the second regenerator 91 is cooled and returned to the compressor 20.
- the central part of the second pulse tube 93 is cooled by the first cooling stage 94.
- the pressure change in the head of each pulse tube is adjusted by the holding tanks 97a and 97b so as to have a phase difference with the pressure change in the flow path switch 23a, and the efficiency is improved. It is configured to generate a cooling action in a targeted manner. In the pulse tube refrigerator, the vibration noise of the element is small because the vibration of the refrigerator is small.
- the positioning of the measuring device with respect to the measuring part of the person to be measured before the start of the magnetic flux measurement can be performed while the refrigerator is operating, so that the positioning can be performed easily and in a short time. Furthermore, the vibration noise of this refrigerator In order to eliminate noise or electric noise completely, the operation of the refrigerator is stopped during measurement.
- the squid element 2 and the refrigerator 7 are mechanically integrated, but they may be separated from each other (not shown). In such a structure, after the squid element and the cooling medium are cooled and solidified, they can be separated from the refrigerator main body and freely moved, so that the transfer control of the squid element is further facilitated.
- the cooling refrigerant directly permeates the Josephson junction of the squeeze element.
- the Josephson junction is made of resin or the like so that the cooling refrigerant does not directly permeate. Even if only the sealing is performed, a similar effect is obtained for cooling and the like.
- cryogenic container of the present invention is useful for squid devices, superconducting magnets, semiconductor electronic devices such as CMOS which have improved performance at low temperatures, and biological cells.
- the present invention is also applicable to a cooling system for a cooled object including a superconductor that becomes superconducting at or below the solidification temperature of a cooling medium.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/529,766 US6332324B1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-07 | Cryostat and magnetism measurement apparatus using the cryostat |
| EP99923956A EP1087187A4 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-07 | DEEP TEMPERATURE CONTAINER AND EQUIPPED DEVICE FOR MEASURING MAGNETISM |
| JP53359999A JP3867158B2 (ja) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-07 | 極低温容器およびそれを用いた磁性測定装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16530798 | 1998-06-12 | ||
| JP10/165307 | 1998-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999064796A1 true WO1999064796A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
Family
ID=15809858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1999/003052 Ceased WO1999064796A1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-06-07 | Cryogenic container and magnetism measuring apparatus using it |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6332324B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1087187A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3867158B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1999064796A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009289670A (ja) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-10 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corp | イオンビーム装置 |
| JP2010046350A (ja) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-04 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 脳磁計 |
| JP2019207191A (ja) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | 磁気測定装置、冷却装置、及び磁気探査システム |
| TWI809894B (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-07-21 | 日商有澤製作所股份有限公司 | 絕熱容器及使用其的脊磁計 |
| WO2023203636A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-26 | Tdk株式会社 | 計測装置 |
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| JP2009289670A (ja) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-10 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corp | イオンビーム装置 |
| JP2010046350A (ja) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-04 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 脳磁計 |
| JP2019207191A (ja) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | 磁気測定装置、冷却装置、及び磁気探査システム |
| JP7116418B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 | 2022-08-10 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | 磁気測定装置及び磁気探査システム |
| TWI809894B (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-07-21 | 日商有澤製作所股份有限公司 | 絕熱容器及使用其的脊磁計 |
| WO2023203636A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-26 | Tdk株式会社 | 計測装置 |
| US12285272B2 (en) | 2022-04-19 | 2025-04-29 | Tdk Corporation | Measuring device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1087187A4 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
| JP3867158B2 (ja) | 2007-01-10 |
| EP1087187A1 (en) | 2001-03-28 |
| US6332324B1 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
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