WO2000013906A2

WO2000013906A2 - Ink jet printing system

Info

Publication number: WO2000013906A2
Application number: PCT/GB1999/002763
Authority: WO
Inventors: Graham Dagnall Martin
Original assignee: General Electric Company PLC; Marconi Data Systems Inc
Current assignee: General Electric Company PLC; Videojet Technologies Inc
Priority date: 1998-09-03
Filing date: 1999-08-19
Publication date: 2000-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2001-03-03
Also published as: DE69935738D1; AU5437099A; DE69935738T2; EP1316429A1; DE69906776T2; EP1126977A2; DE69906776D1; ATE236792T1; US6527379B1; EP1126977B1; GB9819081D0; EP1316429B1; WO2000013906A3

Abstract

In a first aspect, in a continuous stream ink jet printing system generating a plurality of streams of ink droplets, a chosen number of droplets of each stream is less than all of the droplets of the stream. A control means of the printing system is arranged to consider for printing from amongst a number of the droplets of each stream greater than the chosen number with the provision that the resultant selection made observes this constraint. In second and third aspects, a control means of the printing system is arranged to create a set of droplet print positions ideal for representing an image to be printed, which set is permitted to include print positions offset from print positions of a nominal matrix, at speeds of operation less than the predetermined speed the control means comparing the positions at which droplets can be deposited at the lower speed with the set of ideal positions, the control means deciding which droplets to print in dependence on the comparison.

Description

Ink Jet Printing System

The present invention relates to an ink jet printing system.

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a continuous stream ink jet printing system

comprising: a droplet generator for generating a plurality of streams of ink droplets, the system being

constrained to the use for printing of a chosen number of droplets of each stream which is less than

all of the droplets of the stream; a charge electrode in respect of each stream for selectively charging

the droplets of that stream to determine which droplets are printed; control means for controlling the

selective charging of the droplets by the charge electrodes; a deflection electrode in respect of each

droplet stream for deflecting charged droplets of that stream; and a gutter for collecting ink droplets

not used in printing.

In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a continuous stream ink jet printing system

comprising: a print head comprising a droplet generator for generating a plurality of streams of ink droplets, a charge electrode in respect of each stream for selectively charging the droplets of that

stream to determine which droplets are printed, a deflection electrode in respect of each stream for

deflecting charged droplets of that stream, and a gutter for collecting ink droplets not used in

printing; and control means for controlling the selective charging of the droplets by the charge

electrodes, in the system a nominal matrix of droplet print positions being defined corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on a substrate moving at a predetermined speed

relative to the print head of the system.

In a third aspect, the present invention relates to an impulse ink jet printing system

comprising: a print head comprising a plurality of droplet generators each for generating in response

to the receipt of impulse signals respective ink droplets; and control means for generating said

impulse signals, in said system a nominal matrix of droplet print positions being defined

corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on a substrate moving at a predetermined speed relative to said print head.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the quality of printing provided by prior

art ink jet printing systems as described in the preceding three paragraphs.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a continuous stream ink

jet printing system comprising: a droplet generator for generating a plurality of streams of ink

droplets, said system being constrained to the use for printing of a chosen number of droplets of each

said stream which is less than all of the droplets of the stream; a charge electrode in respect of each

said stream for selectively charging the droplets of that stream to determine which droplets are printed; a deflection electrode in respect of each said stream for deflecting charged droplets of that

stream; a gutter for collecting ink droplets not used in printing; and control means for controlling

said selective charging of the droplets by the charge electrodes, characterised in that said control

means is arranged to consider for printing from amongst a number of the droplets of each said stream

greater than said chosen number with the proviso that the resultant selection made observes the said constraint.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a continuous stream ink jet printing system comprising: a print head comprising a droplet generator for generating a

plurality of streams of ink droplets, a charge electrode in respect of each said stream for selectively

charging the droplets of that stream to determine which droplets are printed, a deflection electrode

in respect of each said stream for deflecting charged droplets of that stream, and a gutter for

collecting ink droplets not used in printing; and control means for controlling said selective charging

of the droplets by the charge electrodes, in said system a nominal matrix of droplet print positions being defined corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on a substrate

moving at a predetermined speed relative to the print head of said system, characterised in that said

control means is arranged to create a set of droplet print positions ideal for representing an image to be printed, which set is permitted to include print positions offset from print positions of said

nominal matrix, at speeds of operation less than said predetermined speed said control means

comparing the positions at which droplets can be deposited at the lower speed with said set of ideal

positions, said control means deciding which droplets to print in dependence on the comparison.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided an impulse ink jet

printing system comprising: a print head comprising a plurality of droplet generators each for

generating in response to the receipt of impulse signals respective ink droplets; and control me'ans

for generating said impulse signals, in said system a nominal matrix of droplet print positions being

defined corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on a substrate moving at

a predetermined speed relative to said print head, characterised in that said control means is arranged to create a set of droplet print positions ideal for representing an image to be printed, which set is

permitted to include print positions offset from print positions of said nominal matrix, at speeds of

operation less than said predetermined speed said control means comparing the positions at which

droplets can be deposited at the lower speed with said set of ideal positions, said control means

deciding which droplets to print in dependence on the comparison.

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows by contrast to the prior art one example of an implementation of the first

aspect of the present invention;

Figure 2a illustrates, at a scale more representative of real ink dots than that used in Figure

1, the results of printing using the prior art printing scheme depicted in Figure 1;

Figure 2b illustrates, at the same scale as Figure 2a, the results of printing using the printing

scheme in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention depicted in Figure 1 ;

Figure 3a shows by contrast to the prior art another example of an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention;

Figure 3b illustrates, at a scale more representative of real ink dots than that used in Figure

3a, the results of printing using the prior art printing scheme depicted in Figure 3a;

Figure 3c illustrates, at the same scale as Figure 3b, the results of printing using the printing

scheme in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention depicted in Figure 3a;

Figures 4a and 4b together illustrates an example of an implementation of the second aspect

of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of relevant parts of a continuous stream ink jet

printing system suitable for carrying out the first and second aspects of the present invention;

Figure 6 illustrates in more detail a print head of the printing system of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of an impulse ink jet printing system suitable for

carrying out the third aspect of the present invention; and

Figure 8 illustrates an example of an implementation of the third aspect of the present

invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the print head of a continuous stream ink jet printing system (details

of which print head and system will be given later with reference to Figures 5 and 6) is to be

considered disposed above the sheet of paper containing Figure 1 , and projects onto the paper eight

streams of ink droplets thereby to define a vertical column A of eight possible ink dot print positions.

The sheet of paper containing Figure 1 is now to be considered as moving at a fixed speed,

horizontally to the left as depicted by arrow B. Thus, eight horizontal rows of possible ink dot print

positions are formed, the precise number of ink dots per unit length in each row being determined

by the rate at which droplets are printed and the speed at which the paper (substrate) is moving.

The ink jet printing system is constrained to a frequency of droplet use for printing of no greater than every third droplet of each stream. Such a constraint is typically a consequence of droplet interactions in flight. In Figure 1, every third ink dot, beginning with the ink dots of column

1, is shaded. In the prior art, printing is restricted to the use of only the shaded dots in Figure 1, the open dots not being considered for printing. Hence, a selection is made from amongst the shaded

dots only to best print the circle shown in Figure 1. The black dots are those selected following the prior art.

The invention of the present application appreciates that a selection from amongst the dots

of Figure 1 can be made to better print the circle, whilst at the same time still meeting the constraint.

In Figure 1, the arrows indicate where different choices would be made according to the invention.

Certain ink dots would not be printed as indicated by the crosses adjacent black dots. It can be seen

that nowhere are there two dots printed which are spaced apart by fewer than two unprinted dots.

Thus, the constraint is met.

For clarity of explanation, the small circles in Figure 1 are not to the scale of printed dots,

but they do represent the location of potentially printed dots. Figure 2 illustrates the results using

dots at a scale more representative of real ink dots. Figure 2a is the result using conventional

positioning. Figure 2b is the result using positioning according to the invention. As can be seen,

Figure 2b more closely follows the ideal circle.

It is to be realised that in the prior art, in the presence of a constraint to a frequency of droplet

use for printing of no greater than every second droplet of each droplet stream, printing is restricted

to a fixed, nominal matrix of dots consisting of every other droplet in each stream, and no

consideration is given to the possibility of printing the other dots interspersed the fixed matrix. Thus,

the image to be printed is fitted as best as possible to the fixed matrix. In the present invention,

consideration is given to printing all the dots, both fixed matrix and interspersed, and the image best

fitted to all the dots, with the proviso that the constraint must also be observed. The greater

flexibility afforded by the present invention results in an improved quality of printing. In the example of Figure 3 a, again the constraint must be observed of a frequency of droplet

use for printing of no greater than every third droplet of each droplet stream. A solid area with a

sloped edge is to be printed. The shaded dots indicate the dots that would be printed according to the

prior art. The arrows and crosses indicate the adjustments made according to the invention. Figure

3b illustrates the prior art printing result. Figure 3c illustrates the printing result of the invention.

With regard to Figures 3a, b and c, it is to be noted in connection with the printing of images

of solid areas, that the consequence of choosing to print a dot more precisely positioned on the edge

of the solid area, is a reduction in the density of dot printing within the solid area immediately

adjacent the dot more precisely on the edge. To explain by way of example, in the first row of dots

in Figure 3a, arrow 10 indicates the decision to print a dot more precisely positioned on the sloped

edge. The consequence is that it is no longer possible to print the dot marked with a cross, since it

has fewer than two dots between it and the dot more precisely on the edge. To compensate for this,

and to approximate on average to the same density of dot printing based on the nominal matrix as

achieved following the prior art, an adjustment in dot printing is made as indicated by arrow 12.

Similar comments apply in respect of the third row of Figure 3a. In the fifth and seventh rows, no

compensating adjustment in dot printing is made within the solid area.

It is to be appreciated that the constraint concerned need not be to a frequency of droplet use

for printing of no greater than every second/third droplet of each droplet stream. Indeed, the concept

of the first aspect of the present invention is applicable wherever it is not possible to print every

droplet of each stream. Consider the constraint: two droplets can be printed, followed by one cannot,

followed by two can, followed by one cannot, followed by two can, etc. The prior art would restrict

printing to a fixed, nominal matrix of groups of two dots separated by a single dot, with the single

dots never being considered for printing. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the

single dots would also be considered for printing with the proviso that the resultant selection made must observe the particular constraint concerned.

The invention is not only applicable to ink jet printing wherein there is a constraint.

Consider ink jet printing wherein it is possible, at full speed, to print every droplet of each

droplet stream, the speed being the speed of the substrate relative to the ink jet print head. In Figures

4a and 4b, a solid area indicated by outline C is to be printed. Referring to Figure 4a, at full speed,

it is possible to print a dot at every other column starting with column 1, i.e. it is possible to print

dots in columns 1, 3, 5 and 7. The decision is taken to print the dots 51 and 53 in columns 5 and 7

respectively. Printed dots are indicated by shading.

Referring to Figure 4b, at half speed, it is, of course, now possible to print dots in each of

columns 1 to 8. The decision is made to print the dots 55, 57 and 59 in columns 4, 6 and 8

respectively. This selection is a selection in accordance with the second aspect of the present

invention, as will now become clear by comparison with the selection that would be made following

the prior art.

In the prior art, the selection of which droplets to print at half speed in Figure 4b would be

determined by which droplets are closest in position to those printed at full speed in Figure 4a. Thus,

the droplets printed in Figure 4a were the dots in columns 5 and 7. Since in Figure 4b there are also

dots in columns 5 and 7 these would be printed. No further droplets would be printed following the

prior art. Thus, the dot in Figure 4b, column 4 would not be printed, and the resultant print of solid

area C, and particularly border D thereof, would not be of the quality of that provided by the present invention.

With regard to Figures 4a and 4b, it is to be appreciated that in the prior art a nominal, fixed matrix of droplet print positions (columns 1, 3, 5, 7) is defined corresponding to the positions at

which droplets can be deposited on the substrate at full speed. For operation at less than full speed,

the selection of which droplets to print is determined by which droplets are closest in position to the droplet print positions of the fixed matrix at which droplets would be printed to print the same image

at full speed. In accordance with the second aspect of the present invention, the selection of which

droplets to print at less than full speed is determined by which droplets most closely fit the image

to be printed. Which droplets most closely fit the image is determined as explained in the following

paragraph.

In respect of each droplet that would be printed to print the image at full speed, an offset is

created defining the ideal position for the printing of that droplet to print the image. Referring to

Figure 4a, the ideal position for printing droplet 51 would be in column 4. Thus, an offset of one

column to the left is created in respect of droplet 51. The ideal position for printing droplet 53 would be in column 6. Thus, an offset of one column to the left is also created in respect of droplet 53. The

ideal position for printing droplet 53 is column 6 because this would maintain the same density of

dot printing within area C. At the lower speed, a comparison is made of all the available print

positions at the lower speed and the ideal print positions defined in terms of the offsets. Referring

also to Figure 4b, there is an available print position at the position of the offset from droplet 51, i.e.

column 4. Thus, droplet 55 is printed. There is also an available print position at the position of the

offset from droplet 53, i.e. column 6. Thus, droplet 57 is printed. The printing of droplet 59 results

from the offset created in respect of a full speed printed dot not shown in Figure 4a, but in fact the next dot to the right in Figure 4a.

The greater flexibility afforded by the use in the present invention of the offsets from the fixed grid results in an improved quality of printing.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the continuous stream ink jet printing system comprises a print head 101, an image pcb 103, and a control pcb 105.

Print head 101 comprises a droplet generator 107 for generating a plurality of streams of ink droplets 109, a charge electrode 1 11 in respect of each stream 109 for selectively charging the droplets of that stream to determine which are printed, a deflection electrode 113 in respect of each

stream 109 for deflecting charged droplets of that stream, and a gutter 115 for collecting droplets not

used in printing.

Droplet generator 107 contains a line of nozzle orifices 117 thereby to generate a linear array

of droplet streams 109. Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view along the length of the array. Thus, the line

of nozzle orifices 117 extends into and out of the paper.

Each stream of ink droplets 109 is provided with a respective charge electrode 111 to charge

or not as appropriate the droplets of that stream. A driver pcb 1 19 of print head 101 drives charge

electrodes 111. A single deflection electrode 113 is provided in respect of all droplet streams 109 to deflect

charged droplets into gutter 115, leaving uncharged droplets to print on substrate 121.

Each droplet stream 109 is also provided with a respective sensor electrode 123 (not shown

in Figure 6) to provide signals to control pcb 105 to make timing corrections necessary due to

different drop break off times (phase) amongst the individual ink jet streams.

In order to implement the first aspect of the present invention, image pcb 103 creates and

stores a bitmap of the image to be printed. The bitmap is created from externally supplied

information, internally stored fonts, and internally created images, e.g. date codes. The bitmap

would be created so that it contains the yes print/no print instructions to print drops according to the

first aspect of the present invention. Figures 1 and 3 a illustrate which drops would be printed in two

examples of implementation of the first aspect of the present invention. Thus, in each of these two

cases, pcb 103 would create a bitmap containing the yes print/no print instructions so that the drops printed would be those illustrated as printed in Figures 1 and 3 a.

Control pcb 105 receives the image data from image pcb 103 line by line, and buffers it so

that the lines can be sent to print head 101 as dictated by a product detect signal and a substrate speed signal supplied to control pcb 105. The product detect signal signals arrival of a product on

which printing of the image is required.

Driver pcb 119 converts the serial data from control pcb 105 to parallel data that switches

appropriate voltages on charge electrodes 111. In order to implement the second aspect of the present invention, image pcb 103 creates a

bitmap that contains the yes print/no print instructions to print the image at full speed. Thus, with

reference to Figure 4a, the bitmap would contain print instructions to print dots 51 and 53 shaded

in Figure 4a. Additionally, image pcb 103 creates in respect of each yes print instruction, offset

information to be converted later by control pcb 105. This offset information defines the ideal

position for the printing of dots to print the image in question. Thus, in Figure 4a, together with the

print instruction to print dot 51, offset information would be created which would define as one

column to the left of dot 51, i.e. column 4, the ideal position for printing a dot to print border D.

Similarly, in respect of printed dot 53, offset information would be created defining the ideal

position for printing the first dot within solid area C moving in from the dot printed to print border

D. In order to maintain the same density of printed dots within area C as at full speed based on the

nominal matrix, this ideal position would also be one column to the left, i.e. column 6.

As mentioned previously, control pcb 105 receives a signal giving substrate speed. Thus,

control pcb 105 is able to determine the positions at which it is possible to print dots at the speed of

operation. In Figure 4b, at half speed, it is possible to print dots in each of columns 1 to 8. Control

pcb 105 compares the possible print positions with the ideal print positions as defined by the

aforementioned offset information, and determines which of the possible print positions are closest

to the ideal print positions. Control pcb 105 then creates a bitmap of yes print/no print instructions

to print at the possible print positions determined to be closest. In Figure 4a, as stated previously,

the ideal print positions defined in respect of printed dots 51 and 53 are in columns 4 and 6 respectively. It can be seen from Figure 4b that at half speed dots are available for printing in these

two columns. Hence, dots 55 and 57 are selected for printing. Dot 59 is also printed. The printing

of dot 59 results from offset information created in respect of a full speed printed dot not shown in

Figure 4a, but in fact the next dot to the right in Figure 4a. In the above description with reference to Figures 5 and 6, in the implementation of the

second aspect of the present invention, the ideal dot print positions are defined in terms of offsets

relative to those droplet print positions of the nominal matrix used to print the image at full speed.

However, the ideal dot print positions could be defined in absolute terms without reference to those

droplet print positions of the nominal matrix used to print the image at full speed.

Although in the above description the first and second aspects of the present invention have

been treated separately, they can be applied in combination. In Figure 1, following the first aspect

of the present invention, a set of droplet print positions is selected to print the circle. Following the second aspect of the present invention, an offset could be created in respect of each selected print

position, the offsets defining a set of droplet print positions ideal for representing the circle. At a

lower speed than that of Figure 1 , the offsets would be used to determine which of the available print

positions at the lower speed could be used to better print the circle. Of course, the Figure 1

constraint must still be observed by the final selection.

The invention is also applicable to impulse ink jet printing.

Referring to Figure 7, the impulse ink jet printing system comprises: a print head 201

comprising a plurality of droplet generators 203 (only one of which is shown in Figure 7) each for

generating in response to the receipt of impulse signals respective ink droplets; and a control unit

205 for generating the impulse signals. Droplet generators 203 are arranged in a row extending into

and out of the paper thereby to generate a linear array of droplet streams 207 also so extending. Each

droplet generator 203 includes an actuator 209 which, in response to receipt of each impulse signal from control unit 205, generates a respective ink droplet. The linear array of droplet streams 207

generated by print head 201 prints an image on substrate 211 moving in a direction perpendicular

to the plane of the linear array, i.e. in the vertical direction in Figure 7.

As described above in the context of continuous stream ink jet printing in connection with

the second aspect of the present invention, in impulse ink jet printing there is also defined a nominal

matrix of droplet print positions corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited

on substrate 211 moving at full speed relative to print head 201. A factor in determining this full

speed is that there is a maximum frequency at which each droplet generator 203 can generate ink

droplets. Consider the use of impulse ink jet printing to print the solid area C of Figures 4a and 4b.

Referring to Figure 4a, analogous to continuous stream ink jet printing, at full speed, with print head

201 operating at its aforementioned maximum frequency of generation of ink droplets, it is possible

to print a dot at every other column starting with column 1, i.e. it is possible to print dots in columns

1, 3, 5 and 7. The decision is taken to print the dots 51 and 53 in columns 5 and 7 respectively.

respectively. This selection is a selection in accordance with the third aspect of the present invention,

as will now become clear by comparison with the selection that would be made following the prior art.

prior art. Thus, the dot in Figure 4b, column 4 would not be printed, and the resultant print of solid area C, and particularly border D thereof, would not be of the quality of that provided by the present

invention.

With regard to Figures 4a and 4b, it is to be appreciated that in the prior art a nominal, fixed

matrix of droplet print positions (columns 1, 3, 5, 7) is defined corresponding to the positions at

the selection of which droplets to print is determined by which droplets are closest in position to the

droplet print positions of the fixed matrix at which droplets would be printed to print the same image

at full speed. In accordance with the third aspect of the present invention, the selection of which

paragraph.

column to the left is created in respect of droplet 51. The ideal position for printing droplet 53 would

be in column 6. Thus, an offset of one column to the left is also created in respect of droplet 53. The

from the offset created in respect of a full speed printed dot not shown in Figure 4a, but in fact the next dot to the right in Figure 4a. Thus, it will be seen that the application of the present invention to impulse ink jet printing

to print solid area C of Figures 4a and 4b, precisely corresponds to the application of the present

invention to continuous stream ink jet printing to print the same solid area. However, there is an important difference between the application of the present invention to impulse and continuous

stream ink jet printing as will now be explained.

Consider that the border D of solid area C in Figure 4b is not halfway across column 4, but

a quarter of the way across starting from the left side of the column 4. This is shown in Figure 8. The

ideal position for printing a dot to print border D would be the position of dot 221 in Figure 8. Thus,

in accordance with the second and third aspects of the present invention, an offset of one and a

quarter columns to the left is created in respect of droplet 51 in Figure 4a. In continuous stream ink

jet printing, at half speed, as shown in Figure 4b, the closest possible droplet print position to dot

221 is position 55. Thus, a droplet at position 55 is still printed as before when border D was half

way across column 4. However, in impulse ink jet printing, at half speed, as shown in Figure 8, print

positions are universally available from column 4 onwards to the left in Figure 8. Thus, a droplet can

be printed precisely at the position of dot 221 to better represent the true position of border D.

The reason for the foregoing is that in impulse ink jet printing it is possible to adjust the

timing of the generation of ink droplets (by adjusting the timing of the impulse signals) to whatever

is most desirable provided that the maximum frequency of generation is not exceeded. In Figure 8,

since there is no printing to the left of border D, then to print a droplet at the position of dot 221

would not result in adjacent printed dots less that one column apart (corresponding to maximum

frequency of droplet generation). In continuous stream ink jet printing, there is no such

corresponding wide control over the timing of the generation of ink droplets, the droplets are continuously generated at a fixed rate and the decision is taken whether to print a generated droplet or not. It is to be noted that in Figure 8, although dots 223 and 225 are shown as printed in columns

6 and 8 respectively, thereby to correspond to the printing of dots 57 and 59 in the same columns in

Figure 4b, in actual printing dots 223 and 225 would be slightly shifted to the left (dot 223 more so

than dot 225) to maintain on average approximately the same density of dot printing based on the

nominal matrix as at full speed.

In the above description there is repeatedly mentioned a nominal matrix of droplet print

positions corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on a substrate moving

at full speed relative to the print head. How this nominal matrix originates will now be explained.

In both continuous stream and impulse ink jet printing, it is normally arranged that the ink droplets

are placed on a matrix (the nominal matrix) to suit the droplet size being generated and the pitch

between the droplet forming nozzles. Once this matrix is set, this, ipso facto, defines a maximum

print speed, since there is a maximum frequency at which stable drop generation can occur. The

maximum print speed is determined by the matrix pitch and the maximum frequency of droplet

generation. When printing solid areas, the present invention attempts to maintain, on average, within

the area, the droplet density of the nominal matrix.

It is to be appreciated that there is an inventive concept common to the first, second and third

aspects of the present invention. In all three aspects, a nominal, fixed matrix of droplet print

positions is no longer rigidly adhered to when deciding which droplets to print. In the first aspect,

this matrix is that defined by the constraint. In the second and third aspects, the matrix is that

defined by the droplet print positions available at full speed.

Claims

1. A continuous stream ink jet printing system comprising: a droplet generator for generating

a plurality of streams of ink droplets, said system being constrained to the use for printing of a

chosen number of droplets of each said stream which is less than all of the droplets of the stream;

a charge electrode in respect of each said stream for selectively charging the droplets of that stream

to determine which droplets are printed; a deflection electrode in respect of each said stream for

deflecting charged droplets of that stream; a gutter for collecting ink droplets not used in printing;

and control means for controlling said selective charging of the droplets by the charge electrodes,

characterised in that said control means is arranged to consider for printing from amongst a number

of the droplets of each said stream greater than said chosen number with the proviso that the

resultant selection made observes the said constraint.

2. A continuous stream ink jet printing system comprising: a print head comprising a droplet

generator for generating a plurality of streams of ink droplets, a charge electrode in respect of each

said stream for selectively charging the droplets of that stream to determine which droplets are

printed, a deflection electrode in respect of each said stream for deflecting charged droplets of that

stream, and a gutter for collecting ink droplets not used in printing; and control means for controlling

said selective charging of the droplets by the charge electrodes, in said system a nominal matrix of

droplet print positions being defined corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be

deposited on a substrate moving at a predetermined speed relative to the print head of said system,

characterised in that said control means is arranged to create a set of droplet print positions ideal for

representing an image to be printed, which set is permitted to include print positions offset from print

positions of said nominal matrix, at speeds of operation less than said predetermined speed said

control means comparing the positions at which droplets can be deposited at the lower speed with

said set of ideal positions, said control means deciding which droplets to print in dependence on the comparison.

3. An impulse ink j et printing system comprising : a print head comprising a plurality of droplet

generators each for generating in response to the receipt of impulse signals respective ink droplets;

and control means for generating said impulse signals, in said system a nominal matrix of droplet

print positions being defined corresponding to the positions at which droplets can be deposited on

a substrate moving at a predetermined speed relative to said print head, characterised in that said

control means is arranged to create a set of droplet print positions ideal for representing an image

to be printed, which set is permitted to include print positions offset from print positions of said

4. A system according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein said set of ideal print positions is defined

by offsets relative to those print positions of said nominal matrix at which droplets are deposited to

print said image at said predetermined speed.

5. A system according to claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 wherein said predetermined speed is full speed.

6. A system according to claim 2 wherein said system is constrained to the use for printing of

a chosen number of droplets of each said stream which is less than all of the droplets of the stream,

and said control means is arranged to consider for printing from amongst a number of the droplets of each said stream greater than said chosen number with the proviso that the resultant selection

made observes the said constraint.

7. A system according to claim 1 or claim 6 wherein said control means is arranged to consider

for printing from amongst substantially all of the droplets of each said stream.

8. A system according to claim 1 or claim 6 or claim 7 wherein said constraint is to a frequency of droplet use for printing of no greater than every second droplet of each said stream.