WO2000034342A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000034342A2 WO2000034342A2 PCT/EP1999/009553 EP9909553W WO0034342A2 WO 2000034342 A2 WO2000034342 A2 WO 2000034342A2 EP 9909553 W EP9909553 W EP 9909553W WO 0034342 A2 WO0034342 A2 WO 0034342A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- expandable
- styrene
- phosphate
- graphite
- phosphorus compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F12/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F12/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F12/08—Styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0038—Use of organic additives containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
Definitions
- the invention relates to particulate expandable styrene polymers which are equipped with halogen-free flame retardants.
- the flame retardants commonly used to flame-retard polystyrene foams contain halogens. For environmental reasons, the use of halogens in foams should be reduced.
- the invention was therefore based on the object of providing expandable polystyrene particles which can be processed into foams of fire classes B 1 and B 2 and were produced without using halogen-containing flame retardants.
- This object was achieved by a process for the preparation of particulate expandable styrene polymers by polymerizing styrene, optionally together with comonomers, in aqueous suspension with addition of blowing agents before, during or after the polymerization, the polymerization in the presence of 5 to 50% by weight. -%, based on the monomers, expanded graphite is carried out.
- the invention further provides particulate, expandable styrene polymers which contain 5 to 50% by weight, based on the styrene polymer, of expandable graphite with an average particle size of 20 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m, in a homogeneous distribution.
- Expandable graphite in combination with red phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus is described in the literature as a flame retardant for compact polystyrene.
- halogen-free flame retardants which can be used with compact polystyrene cannot be used in the production of foam, since either the foaming process is severely disrupted or the heat resistance of the foam is lowered too much.
- US Pat. No. 3,574,644 describes the addition of expandable graphite as a flame retardant for combustible materials, inter alia for foams, in which the expandable graphite is to be present in amounts of 20 to 40% by weight.
- Expandable graphite can either be incorporated into the expandable material before expansion, or this can be coated with expandable graphite after expansion.
- the production of expandable polystyrene particles by polymerizing styrene in the presence of expanded graphite is not described.
- JP-A 03-167 236 describes a polystyrene foam which contains expandable graphite as a flame retardant, the surface of which has been completely coated with a film-forming resin. This coating is said to be necessary in order to avoid corrosion of processing machines by acids which are always contained in expanded graphite; however, it requires an additional, complex work step.
- the polystyrene foam can also contain conventional flame retardants, e.g. halogenated organic phosphates.
- the polystyrene foam is preferably produced by mixing polystyrene foam particles with an adhesion promoter and the coated expanded graphite.
- the particle size of the expandable graphite should preferably be between 30 and 120 mesh, which corresponds to a diameter of about 120 to 540 ⁇ m. With particle sizes of less than 150 mesh (104 ⁇ m), the flame retardancy of expanded graphite is said to be greatly reduced.
- graphite Due to its layered lattice structure, graphite is able to form special forms of intercalation compounds. In these so-called interstitial compounds, foreign atoms or molecules, some of which are stoichiometric, have been taken up into the spaces between the carbon atoms.
- These graphite compounds for example with sulfuric acid as a foreign molecule, which are also produced on an industrial scale, are referred to as expanded graphite.
- the density of this expanded graphite is in the range from 1.5 to 2.1 g / cm 3 , the average particle size is generally from 20 to 2000 ⁇ m, in the present case preferably from 20 to 100 ⁇ m and in particular from 30 to 80 ⁇ m.
- Inorganic or organic can be used as phosphorus compounds
- Phosphates, phosphites or phosphonates and red phosphorus can be used.
- Preferred phosphorus compounds are, for example, diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, diphenyl cresyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, resorcinol diphenyl phosphate, melamine phosphate, phenylphosphonic acid dimethyl ester or methyl methylphosphonate.
- styrene alone is preferably used as the monomer.
- ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as alkylstyrenes, divinylbenzene, acrylonitrile, 1, 1-diphenyl ether or ⁇ -methylstyrene.
- the usual auxiliaries such as e.g. Peroxide initiators, suspension stabilizers, blowing agents, chain transfer agents, expansion aids, nucleating agents and plasticizers are added.
- Expandable graphite is added during the polymerization in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 8 to 30% by weight, the phosphorus compound in amounts of 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight. %.
- Blowing agents are added in amounts of 3 to 10% by weight, based on the monomer. They can be added before, during or after the polymerization of the suspension. Suitable blowing agents are aliphatic hydrocarbons with 4 to 6 carbon atoms. It is advantageous to use inorganic Pickering dispersants, e.g.
- magnesium pyrophosphate or calcium phosphate it has been shown that when expandable graphite of small particle size, i.e. With an average diameter of 20 to 100 microns, preferably from 30 to 80 microns, the stability of the suspension is improved compared to coarser expanded graphite particles, and that particles with a lower internal water content arise.
- the suspension polymerization produces pearl-shaped, essentially round particles with an average diameter in the range from 0.2 to 2 mm.
- the expandable polystyrene particles according to claim 7 can also be mixed by mixing styrene polymer melt and blowing agent
- Expandable graphite with an average particle size of 20 to 100 ⁇ m, and optionally the phosphorus compound, extrusion, cooling and granulation. Subsequent impregnation of styrene polymer granules containing expanded graphite is also possible.
- the expandable polystyrene particles can be processed into polystyrene foams with densities of 5 to 100 g / 1, preferably 10 to 50 g / 1.
- the expandable particles are pre-foamed. This is usually done by heating the particles with water vapor in so-called pre-expanders.
- the pre-expanded particles are then welded into shaped bodies.
- the pre-expanded particles are broken into non-gas-tight molds and water vapor is applied. After cooling, the molded parts can be removed.
- foam blocks or molded parts obtained in this way meet the requirements of fire classes B 1 and B 2.
- the aqueous phase contains 35.0 g sodium pyrophosphate and 70.0 g magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt).
- the suspension is heated quickly to 90 ° C. and then within 4 hours to 130 ° C. 60 minutes after reaching 90 ° C., 1.8 g of emulsifier K 30 (Bayer AG) are metered in. After a further 90 minutes, 1.6 kg of pentane are added. Finally, the polymerisation is carried out at the final temperature of 130 ° C.
- the polystyrene beads containing blowing agent obtained are decanted off, washed and dried from internal water. They become foam particles by the usual method foamed and then sintered into foam blocks or molded parts.
- foam blocks or molded parts obtained in this way meet the requirements of fire classes B 1 and B 2.
- a mixture of polystyrene and 15% by weight of expanded graphite (average particle size 45 ⁇ m) and 5% by weight of red phosphorus were fed continuously to an extruder with an internal screw diameter of 53 mm and melted. Through an inlet opening in the extruder, 6% by weight of pentane as the blowing agent was continuously pressed into the extruder and mixed into the melt. The melt was granulated into pearled particles using a pressurized underwater pelletizer attached to the die plate of the extruder.
- Foaming beads with a bulk density of 15 g / l were obtained by foaming twice with steam. These foam particles and a molded foam part made from them passed the requirements of fire classes B 1 and B 2 according to DIN 4102.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59907232T DE59907232D1 (de) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen |
| PL349415A PL196871B1 (pl) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Sposób wytwarzania spienialnych cząstek polimerów styrenowych, spienialne cząstki polimerów styrenowych oraz ich zastosowanie |
| US09/856,487 US6444714B1 (en) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Method for producing expandable polystyrene particles |
| EP99968341A EP1137700B1 (de) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen |
| AT99968341T ATE251196T1 (de) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen |
| JP2000586783A JP2002531647A (ja) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | 発泡性ポリスチレン粒子の製造 |
| AU25377/00A AU2537700A (en) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Method for producing expandable polystyrene particles |
| NO20012839A NO326183B1 (no) | 1998-12-09 | 2001-06-08 | Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av ekspanderbare polystyrenpartikler |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19856758 | 1998-12-09 | ||
| DE19856758.8 | 1998-12-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000034342A2 true WO2000034342A2 (de) | 2000-06-15 |
| WO2000034342A3 WO2000034342A3 (de) | 2000-10-19 |
Family
ID=7890487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1999/009553 Ceased WO2000034342A2 (de) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandierbaren polystyrolteilchen |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6444714B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1137700B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002531647A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100601233B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1135251C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE251196T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2537700A (de) |
| CZ (1) | CZ296402B6 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59907232D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2211224T3 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO326183B1 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL196871B1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2253658C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000034342A2 (de) |
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| KR100483112B1 (ko) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-04-14 | 애경화학 주식회사 | 열팽창성 흑연을 사용한 난연성 불포화폴리에스테르의 제조 |
| WO2009043758A1 (de) | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-09 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung flammgeschützter thermoplastischer formmassen |
| WO2009121821A1 (de) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-08 | Basf Se | Flammgeschützte thermoplastische formmassen |
| RU2371455C2 (ru) * | 2003-12-12 | 2009-10-27 | Басф Акциенгезельшафт | Формованные изделия из частиц пенопласта, выполненные из способных вспениваться, содержащих наполнитель полимерных гранулятов |
| WO2011029901A1 (de) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Basf Se | Halogenfreie, flammgeschützte polymerschaumstoffe, enthaltend mindestens eine oligophosphorverbindung |
| WO2011035357A1 (de) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-31 | Sunpor Kunststoff Ges.M.B.H. | Flammgeschützte expandierbare polymerisate |
| WO2011039292A1 (de) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung funktionalisierter expandierbarer graphiteinlagerungsverbindungen |
| WO2011039301A1 (de) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | Basf Se | Funktionalisierte expandierbare graphiteinlagerungsverbindungen |
| US8097669B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2012-01-17 | Styrolution GmbH | Flame-retardant elastic block copolymer |
| WO2012049264A2 (de) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung flammgeschützter thermoplastischer formmassen |
| AT501586B1 (de) * | 2004-12-29 | 2012-06-15 | Gerhard Melcher | Formmasse bestehend aus mit überzugsmasse überzogenen partikeln und deren verwendung zur herstellung von formkörpern |
| WO2012080388A1 (de) | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | Basf Se | Kautschukmodifizierte flammgeschützte formmassen und deren herstellung |
| EP3400272B1 (de) * | 2016-01-09 | 2020-07-15 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flamm- oder brandschutzmittel und dessen herstellung und verwendung insbesondere für holz-, cellulose- und polyolefin-basierte produkte |
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| DE10011543A1 (de) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Bayer Ag | Perlpolymerisate enthaltend halogenfreie Phosphorverbindungen |
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| NL1023639C2 (nl) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-14 | Synbra Tech Bv | Deeltjesvormig, expandeerbaar polystyreen (EPS), werkwijze ter vervaardiging van deeltjesvormig expandeerbaar polystyreen, alsmede een bijzondere toepassing van polystyreenschuimmateriaal. |
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| JP6612634B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-30 | 2019-11-27 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | スチレン系樹脂発泡性粒子、発泡粒子及び発泡成形体 |
| US10544277B2 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2020-01-28 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Process for making gray expanded polystyrene |
| JP2020105340A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 難燃性発泡複合樹脂粒子、その製造方法及び発泡成形体 |
| CN111978587A (zh) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-11-24 | 安徽祥欣新材料科技有限公司 | 一种阻燃聚苯乙烯材料及其制备方法 |
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| US3574644A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1971-04-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of rendering normally flamable materials flame resistant |
| SU1240761A1 (ru) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-06-30 | Ордена Ленина Институт Химической Физики Ан Ссср | Электропровод щий материал и способ его получени |
| JP2924020B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-28 | 1999-07-26 | 日本化成株式会社 | 難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡体およびその製造法 |
| US5760115A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1998-06-02 | Tosoh Corporation | Fire-retardant polymer composition |
| GB9506836D0 (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1995-05-24 | Metzeler Kay Ltd | Flame retardant flexible foam |
| GB2300860B (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1999-06-09 | Dongbu Chemical Co Ltd | Flame retardant vinylic resin comprising non-halogenated flame retardants and method for preparing the same |
| US6130265A (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 2000-10-10 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing expandable styrene polymers containing graphite particles |
| DE19843327A1 (de) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-03-23 | Basf Ag | Teilchenförmige, expandierbare Styrolpolymerisate |
-
1999
- 1999-12-07 AT AT99968341T patent/ATE251196T1/de active
- 1999-12-07 PL PL349415A patent/PL196871B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 ES ES99968341T patent/ES2211224T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 AU AU25377/00A patent/AU2537700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-07 US US09/856,487 patent/US6444714B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-07 DE DE59907232T patent/DE59907232D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 EP EP99968341A patent/EP1137700B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 CZ CZ20012048A patent/CZ296402B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 JP JP2000586783A patent/JP2002531647A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-07 RU RU2001119050/04A patent/RU2253658C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 WO PCT/EP1999/009553 patent/WO2000034342A2/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-07 CN CNB998142522A patent/CN1135251C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-07 KR KR1020017007141A patent/KR100601233B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2001
- 2001-06-08 NO NO20012839A patent/NO326183B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100483112B1 (ko) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-04-14 | 애경화학 주식회사 | 열팽창성 흑연을 사용한 난연성 불포화폴리에스테르의 제조 |
| RU2371455C2 (ru) * | 2003-12-12 | 2009-10-27 | Басф Акциенгезельшафт | Формованные изделия из частиц пенопласта, выполненные из способных вспениваться, содержащих наполнитель полимерных гранулятов |
| AT501586B1 (de) * | 2004-12-29 | 2012-06-15 | Gerhard Melcher | Formmasse bestehend aus mit überzugsmasse überzogenen partikeln und deren verwendung zur herstellung von formkörpern |
| US8097669B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2012-01-17 | Styrolution GmbH | Flame-retardant elastic block copolymer |
| WO2009043758A1 (de) | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-09 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung flammgeschützter thermoplastischer formmassen |
| US8481624B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2013-07-09 | Styrolution GmbH | Methods for producing flameproofed thermoplastic moulding compounds |
| WO2009121821A1 (de) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-08 | Basf Se | Flammgeschützte thermoplastische formmassen |
| WO2011029901A1 (de) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | Basf Se | Halogenfreie, flammgeschützte polymerschaumstoffe, enthaltend mindestens eine oligophosphorverbindung |
| DE202010017374U1 (de) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-10-11 | Sunpor Kunststoff Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Flammgeschützte expandierbare Polymerisate |
| WO2011035357A1 (de) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-31 | Sunpor Kunststoff Ges.M.B.H. | Flammgeschützte expandierbare polymerisate |
| WO2011039301A1 (de) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | Basf Se | Funktionalisierte expandierbare graphiteinlagerungsverbindungen |
| WO2011039292A1 (de) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung funktionalisierter expandierbarer graphiteinlagerungsverbindungen |
| WO2012049264A2 (de) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung flammgeschützter thermoplastischer formmassen |
| US9034949B2 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2015-05-19 | Styrolution Europe Gmbh | Method for producing flame-proofed thermoplastic molding compounds |
| WO2012080388A1 (de) | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | Basf Se | Kautschukmodifizierte flammgeschützte formmassen und deren herstellung |
| EP3400272B1 (de) * | 2016-01-09 | 2020-07-15 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flamm- oder brandschutzmittel und dessen herstellung und verwendung insbesondere für holz-, cellulose- und polyolefin-basierte produkte |
| US10808175B2 (en) | 2016-01-09 | 2020-10-20 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flame or fire protection agent and production and use thereof, in particular for wood-, cellulose- and polyolefin-based products |
| AU2017205710B2 (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2021-04-01 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flame or fire protection agent and production and use thereof in particular for wood-, cellulose-, and polyolefin-based products |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59907232D1 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
| PL349415A1 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
| KR20010080720A (ko) | 2001-08-22 |
| US6444714B1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
| CN1329634A (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
| CN1135251C (zh) | 2004-01-21 |
| NO326183B1 (no) | 2008-10-13 |
| ATE251196T1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
| WO2000034342A3 (de) | 2000-10-19 |
| KR100601233B1 (ko) | 2006-07-19 |
| EP1137700A2 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
| RU2253658C2 (ru) | 2005-06-10 |
| CZ296402B6 (cs) | 2006-03-15 |
| NO20012839D0 (no) | 2001-06-08 |
| EP1137700B1 (de) | 2003-10-01 |
| NO20012839L (no) | 2001-06-08 |
| JP2002531647A (ja) | 2002-09-24 |
| ES2211224T3 (es) | 2004-07-01 |
| AU2537700A (en) | 2000-06-26 |
| CZ20012048A3 (cs) | 2002-01-16 |
| PL196871B1 (pl) | 2008-02-29 |
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