WO2000052201A2 - Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung - Google Patents
Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000052201A2 WO2000052201A2 PCT/EP2000/001595 EP0001595W WO0052201A2 WO 2000052201 A2 WO2000052201 A2 WO 2000052201A2 EP 0001595 W EP0001595 W EP 0001595W WO 0052201 A2 WO0052201 A2 WO 0052201A2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5308—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a test system containing
- Genome interrupted by one or more sequences (introns) not coding for the protein.
- these non-coding areas are transferred to the primary transcript.
- this precursor mRNA in order to generate a correct form of the mRNA, this precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) must be processed.
- the pre-mRNA is processed by removing the introns and fusing the coding regions (exons). Only then can a continuously read nucleotide strand be made available for translation in the cytoplasm.
- the formation of mRNA in eukaryotes therefore requires a so-called splicing process in which the non-coding gene regions (introns) are removed from the primary gene transcript.
- the splicing takes place in the core before the mRNA is transported out of the core. It is generally carried out in a two-step mechanism, in each of which a transesterification step is involved (Moore, JM et al., (1993) Splicing of precursors to messenger RNAs by the Spliceosome. In The RNA world, Edited by Gesteland RF , Gesteland, JF, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 303-358). The first step generates a free 5 ' exon and a so-called lariat structure of the intron, which is still connected to the 3 ' exon.
- the lariat structure contains a branched RNA, which is esterified by esterifying the 5 ' end of the intron with a 2 ' hydroxyl group of a ribose in an adenosine, which is approximately 20-40 nucleotides upstream of the 3 ' end of the Introns is created.
- the second catalytic step leads to ligation of the exons and the release of the
- the second class consists of so far little characterized proteins, which are not firmly bound to the snRNPs and are therefore called non-snRNP splice factors (Lamm, GM & Lamond, AJ (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acoph. 1173, 247; Beggs , JD (1995), Yeast splicing factors and genetic strategies for their analysis, In: Lamond, Al (ed) PremRNA Processing Austin, RG Company, Texas, pp. 79-95. Krämer, A. (1995), The biochemistry of pre-mRNA splicing. In: Lamond, Al (ed), Pre-mRNA Processing. Austin, pp. 35-64).
- composition of the snRNPs is best examined in HeLa cells (Will, C.L. et al., (1995) Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing. In: Eckstein, F. and Lilley, D.M.J.
- the snRNPs lie in a 12S U1 snRNP, a 17S U2 snRNP and a 25S [U4 / U6.U5] tri- snRNP complex.
- the tri-snRNP complex dissociates into a 20S U5 and a 12S U4 / U6 particle.
- the U4 and U6 RNAs are base-paired in the U4 / U6 snRNP via two intermolecular helices (Bringmann, P. et al. (1984) EMBO J., 3, 1357;; Hashimoto, C. & Steitz, JA (1984) Nucleic Acids Res., 12, 3283; Rinke, J. et al., (1985) J. Mol. Biol., 185, 721; Brow,
- the snRNPs consist of two groups of proteins.
- the group of general proteins (B / B ⁇ D1, D2, D3, E, F and G) is contained in all snRNPs.
- each snRNP contains specific proteins that are only contained in this.
- the U1 snRNP contains three additional proteins (70K, A and C) and the U2 snRNP contains eleven additional proteins.
- the 20S U5 snRNP carries nine additional proteins with a molecular weight of 15, 40, 52, 100, 102, 110, 116, 200 and 220 kDa, while the 12S U4 / U6 snRNP carries two additional proteins with a molecular weight of contains approx.
- the 25S tri-snRNP [U4 / U6.U5] contains five additional proteins with a molecular weight of approx. 15.5, 20, 27, 61 and 63 kDa.
- the individual components pre-mRNA, snRNPs and non-snRNP proteins
- spliceosome the individual components (pre-mRNA, snRNPs and non-snRNP proteins) are brought together in a step-by-step process. This is achieved not only through interactions of the pre-mRNA with the protein-containing components, but also through numerous interactions between the protein-containing components themselves
- the sequence of the pre-mRNA carries specific recognition sequences for the different splice components.
- the U1 snRNP binds to the 5 ' splice via these recognition sequences. Region of the intron of the pre-mRNA.
- an as yet undetermined number of various other factors eg SF2 / ASF, U2AF, SC35, SF1 attach to this complex and cooperate with the snRNAs in the further formation of the pre-spliceosome.
- the U2 snRNP particle interacts with the so-called branch site in the intron area (Krämer, A. & Utans, U. (1991) EMBO J., 10,
- the [U4 / U6.U5] tri-snRNP and a number of previously unspecified proteins interact with the pre-spliceosome to form the mature spliceosome (Moore, JM et al., (1993) supra).
- Pre-mRNA, snRNAs and sn-RNP solved and new ones formed. It is known, for example, that before or during the first catalytic step of the splice reaction in the interacting structures of U4 and U6, two helices are separated from one another and base pairings are formed between U2 and U6 RNAs through new interactions (Datta, B. & Weiner, AM (1991) Nature, 352, 821;; Wu, JA & Manley, JL (1991)
- different mature mRNAs can be formed from one and the same primary transcript, which code for different proteins.
- This alternative splicing is regulated in many cases.
- This mechanism can e.g. can be used to switch from a non-functional to a functional protein (e.g. transposase in Drosophila).
- a functional protein e.g. transposase in Drosophila
- alternative splicing is carried out in a tissue-specific manner.
- the tyrosine kinase encoded by the src proto-oncogene in nerve cells by alternative
- the NS1 protein which is encoded by the genome of the influenza virus, can also interfere with the splicing by binding to the U6 snRNA.
- the protein binds to nucleotides 27-46 and 83-101 of human U6 snRNA and thus prevents U6 from interacting with partners U2 and U4 during the splicing process (Fortes, P. et al. (1994) EMBO J. , 13, 704; Qiu, Y. & Krug, RM (1995) J. Virol., 68, 2425.
- the NS1 protein also appears to be exported from the nucleus via binding to the poly-A tail of the mRNA formed (Fortes, P. et al.
- splicing can also be inhibited by generating anti-sense RNA which bind to the intron sequences of the mRNA to be spliced (Volloch, V. et al. (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm ., 179, 1600). Hodges and Crooke were able to show that in the case of weakly recognized splice sites, the binding of oligonucleotides is sufficient to successfully prevent splicing. If, on the other hand, recognized splicing sites are preferably incorporated into the constructs, oligonucleotides are required which can additionally activate RNase H (Hodges, D. & Crooke ST (1995) Mol.
- an mRNA is generally first produced by in vitro transcription. Genetic constructs from viruses, e.g. B. adenoviruses, or cellular structural genes. Such mRNAs contain all the important structural elements that are necessary for the recognition of the mRNA by the spliceosome and the splicing process.
- the mRNA is radiolabelled so that, after separation on a denaturing urea-polyacrylamide gel, the characteristic band patterns can be used to assess whether a splicing reaction has occurred or in which reaction step a disturbance has occurred.
- test systems of this type are very time-consuming and labor-intensive and are therefore not suitable for the systematic detection of substances which can modulate the splicing.
- test system with a gel-free detection system is suitable for detecting a splicing reaction, to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional test system described above and is therefore suitable for high-through put screening, for example in a robot system.
- the present invention therefore relates to a test system comprising (a) one or more, identical or different immobilized nucleic acid (s) with at least one splicable nucleic acid,
- the nucleic acid to be examined must be immobilized on a solid phase.
- the nucleic acid can be immobilized, for example, covalently, by introducing certain structural elements, for example aptamers, into the nucleic acid to be spliced and using binding partners for these structural elements, or by hybridization.
- This probe can be, for example, an oligonucleotide used for hybridization to the nucleic acid to be examined or a binding partner that binds to structural elements introduced into the nucleic acid to be examined.
- the gel-free detection system therefore preferably contains at least one probe.
- the probe is a nucleic acid which is complementary to the splicable nucleic acid, a low molecular compound which binds the splicable nucleic acid and / or a peptide or protein which binds the splicable nucleic acid.
- the splicable nucleic acid contains at least two exons which are separated by at least one intron.
- the complementary nucleic acid is complementary to at least one intron, to at least one exon and / or to at least one transition point from one exon and one intron and / or to the exon / exon boundary that resulted after the fusion of the two exons.
- the complementary nucleic acid serves as a probe for the detection of a splice reaction.
- the intron released during the splicing reaction can be detected by means of the gel-free detection system, from which it can be concluded that both sub-steps of the splicing reaction have been completed.
- a suitable detection system for example a nucleic acid complementary to a transition point between an exon and an intron, can be used to determine whether the exon has been detached from the intron during the splicing process, which can provide information about whether the first splicing reaction on 5 ' -End of the intron and / or the second splice reaction took place at the 3'-end of the intron.
- a suitable detection system for example a nucleic acid complementary to a transition point between an exon and an intron, can be used to determine whether the exon has been detached from the intron during the splicing process, which can provide information about whether the first splicing reaction on 5 ' -End of the intron and / or the second splice reaction took place at the 3'-end of the intron.
- the probe is a low molecular weight compound, for example theophylline, xanthine or an aminoglycoside such as tobramycin.
- the splicable nucleic acid or a nucleic acid of the gel-free detection system that is complementary to the splicable nucleic acid contains a so-called aptamer structure, ie. H. a binding sequence for such binding partners (see e.g. Jenison, RD et al. (1994) Science 263, 1425-1429, Hamasaki, K. et al. (1998) Biochem. 37, 656-663 or Kiga, D. et al. (1998) Nucleic Acids Res., 26 (7), 1755 - 1760), the splicing process can be detected particularly easily via the binding partner.
- the binding partner can be a nucleic acid binding protein, in particular an "Iran Responsive Element Binding Protein” (IBP), which recognizes a recognition sequence for a nucleic acid binding protein, in particular an "Iran Responsive Element” (IRE) .
- IBP Iran Responsive Element Binding Protein
- IRE Iran Responsive Element
- binding partner and structural element in the nucleic acid are also suitable for immobilizing the splicable nucleic acid to be investigated on a solid phase.
- the binding partner must be anchored to the solid phase in a suitable manner.
- the binding partner can be covalently bound to the solid phase.
- the coupling of biotin to the nucleic acid and the use of (strept) avidin bound to the solid phase are suitable for anchoring the nucleic acid. This anchoring can also be achieved, for example, by using antibody / antigen interactions.
- the probe contains a label, for example a radioactive label, a label with fluorescent dyes, with biotin, with digoxigenin and / or with antibodies.
- the label is preferably attached to the ligand, for example to the complementary nucleic acid, to the low molecular weight compound or to the nucleic acid binding protein.
- fluorescent dyes it can be determined in a simple and rapid manner in automated systems whether, for example, by removing the binding partner of the probe in the nucleic acid during the splicing process, a splicing reaction, for example in the presence of at least one substance to be investigated, can proceed undisturbed.
- the splicable nucleic acid and the probe-binding nucleic acid are linked to one another.
- the probe-binding nucleic acid is preferably a nucleic acid that can bind a low-molecular compound, for example a so-called aptamer, and / or a nucleic acid binding protein.
- probe-binding nucleic acid is abbreviated with "SE” for structural element in the following preferred constructs, where "3 ' region” means a nucleic acid section at the 3 ' end of the nucleic acid :
- SE structural element introduced in the 5'-exon: - T7 promoter— SE— Exoni— Intron - Exon2— 3'Region—
- the constructs for 1. are used in particular to demonstrate whether the exoni could be separated from the intron sequence during the splicing process.
- the construct for 2. is used for the direct detection of a separated intron sequence.
- Constructs under 3. are used to demonstrate whether Exon2 was successfully separated from the intron sequence.
- a combination of the constructs according to FIG. 4. serves to prove the individual intermediate and end products during the splicing process.
- Exoni generally represents a 5 'from the intron and exon 2 generally represents a 3' from the intron.
- the constructs under 5 contain various additional recognition sequences which, on the one hand, can affect different detection systems and, on the other hand, can enable the nucleic acid to be bound to a solid phase via their binding partners.
- a probe-binding nucleic acid can be introduced for immobilization in the 3 ′ region, and at the same time another probe-binding nucleic acid can be introduced in the exoni to demonstrate the splicing process
- nucleic acids for example, three different nucleic acids can be introduced, which serve on the one hand to immobilize the entire nucleic acid and on the other hand to detect the removed intron and to demonstrate the linkage of exoni to the rest of the nucleic acid (see 5th, second construct).
- the location of the individual probe-binding nucleic acids listed under 5 by way of example can vary according to the constructs described above under 1-4. In addition, the exact location of the individual probe-binding nucleic acids is variable.
- the nucleic acid preferably the splicable nucleic acid, in particular a nucleic acid according to one of the above-described embodiments, is therefore directly covalently or indirectly bound to a solid phase via a structural element and binding partner to the structural element or by means of hybridization.
- Direct covalent binding can take place, for example, via the 3 ' terminal cis-diol group of the ribose backbone of the nucleic acid.
- an RNA can be bound to hydrazine groups of the solid phase after periodate oxidation of the vicinal 2 ' , 3 ' hydroxyl groups of the 3 ' -terminal ribose.
- Suitable linkers such as, for example, biotin or dicarboxylic acid linkers, are also suitable for indirect binding.
- the nucleic acid can also be bound via a binding partner, for example via theophylline or xanthine or an aminoglycoside such as tobramycin and / or via a nucleic acid binding protein such as IBP.
- a binding partner for example via theophylline or xanthine or an aminoglycoside such as tobramycin and / or via a nucleic acid binding protein such as IBP.
- the sequences of the two aptamers are preferably:
- the solid phase here is, for example, ceramic, metal, in particular noble metal, glass, plastic or polysaccharides, e.g. an agarose polymer.
- Probe-binding nucleic acids are also suitable for binding labeled probes.
- the aptamer-containing nucleic acid can be detected and also quantified.
- tobramycin can be reacted with commercially available, NH 2 -reactive fluorescent dyes (Wang, Y. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 12338 - 12346).
- NH 2 -reactive fluorescent dyes Wang, Y. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 12338 - 12346.
- a 1-aminoalkyl or 1-thioalkyl derivative of 3-methylxanthine is preferably produced, which can bind to the aptamer (Jenison, RD et al. (1994), supra).
- the splicable nucleic acid is any amino acid sequence having the same or different amino acids.
- Nucleic acid that can be spliced preferably an RNA, for example in the form of a so-called pre-mRNA or in the form of a DNA that contains RNA sections.
- the RNA is to contain additional probe-binding sequences, as already described in more detail above, it is advantageous if these have at least approximately 25 nucleotides from the respective splice site on both exon sides the intron side is at least about 17 nucleotides from the branch point and / or at least about 7 nucleotides from the 5 'splice site. This generally ensures that the additional probe binding sequences cannot interfere with the splicing reactions.
- a further probe-binding nucleic acid suitable for detection or immobilization, as already described above, can preferably be introduced into the MINX-encoding DNA, the restriction enzyme interface preferably being retained.
- a further identical or different probe-binding nucleic acid can be incorporated for detection or for immobilization, in order to be able to amplify the fluorescence signals or to strengthen the binding to the solid phase.
- the aptamers Th or To are inserted at the 3 'end of the exon2 of the pre-mRNA and the corresponding binding partner is covalently bound to the solid phase.
- the corresponding coding nucleic acid sequences are shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the corresponding aptamer sequence is inserted as DNA oligonucleotide into the BamHI site of the encoding Minx DNA, ie. H. between positions 219 and 220 of the corresponding Minx pre-mRNA.
- probe-binding nucleic acids can also be inserted into the intron structure of the pre-mRNA, this being released by the splicing and thus missing in the immobilized mRNA, for example.
- Such constructs are therefore suitable for the detection of an inhibition of splicing in the first step, ie. H. Opening the mRNA and lariatization, or in the second step, d. H.
- nucleic acid constructs are in the form of their coding
- the corresponding aptamer sequence is, for example,
- Oligonucleotide into the PstI site of the Minx coding DNA i.e. H. between positions 88 and 89 of the corresponding pre-mRNA.
- connection between Exoni and Intron is in the first splicing step through the spliceosome at the 5 'splice point of the
- Introns open. Only in the second splicing step is there a covalent link between Exoni and Exon2. The exoni is therefore no longer connected to the mRNA during the first step of the splicing reaction and can therefore be removed from the splicing reaction.
- a statement can therefore be made as to whether, for example, inhibition has taken place in the first splicing step. If, for example, two different aptamers, which recognize different probes, are installed at the 5 'end of the exoni and in the intron of the pre-mRNA, both the first splicing step and the second splicing step can be followed in a test system. Examples of suitable nucleic acid constructs are in the form of their coding
- the corresponding aptamer sequence is inserted as a DNA oligonucleotide into the EcoRI site of the coding Minx DNA, ie. H. between positions 9 and 10 of the corresponding Minx pre-mRNA.
- RNA, 2: 1079-93 For investigations in the yeast system, one can, for example, start from the pre-mRNA for U3 of the yeast (Mougin, A. et al., (1996), RNA, 2: 1079-93) and, for example, suitable aptamers such as e.g. B. incorporate the theophylline or tobramycin aptamers described above.
- suitable nucleic acid constructs are shown in the form of their coding sequences in FIGS. 4A to 4C.
- a suitable aptamer as DNA oligonucleotide is inserted into the SacII site of the coding U3 DNA, ie between positions 22 and 23 of the pre-U3 RNA.
- a suitable aptamer as a DNA oligonucleotide is inserted into the BstNI site of the coding U3 DNA, ie. H. between positions 105 and 106 of the pre-U3RNA.
- the nucleic acid sequence according to FIG. 5A represents an example of a nucleic acid sequence with an "Iran Responsive Element” (IRE), which is used for investigations in
- the IRE is inserted at the 3 'end of the Exon2 analogous to the aptamers described above.
- an IRE element can be inserted, for example, at the 3 'end of exon2 of the pre-U3RNA, as shown in FIG. 5B:
- Another object of the present invention is therefore a splicable nucleic acid, as exemplified above, and its use for the production of a test system.
- a composition containing the individual splicing components preferably "small nuclear ribonoprotein particles (snRNP) components and non-snRNP components, is usually used.
- the snRNP components contain U1, U2, U4, U5 and / or U6 proteins.
- the cell extracts from animal cells in particular mammalian cells, especially Heia Cells, in particular from cell nucleus extracts from He-La cells or cell extracts from fungi, in particular yeasts, can be obtained by processes which are well known to the person skilled in the art (see examples) generally contain all the important factors for performing splicing in vitro.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a method for producing a test system, in which at least one splicable and immobilized nucleic acid and at least one gel-free detection system as well as optionally at least one composition containing splicing components and optionally further aids are put together.
- Preferred embodiments of the individual components have already been described in more detail above.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for finding an active substance, wherein a) one or more identical or different immobilized nucleic acid (s) with at least one splicable nucleic acid sequence in the presence of at least one substance to be examined and at least one composition containing splice components and if necessary, further aids are incubated under suitable conditions, and b) the splice product which may be formed is detected by means of a gel-free detection system.
- the active substance can be a pharmaceutically active compound
- Fungicide a herbicide, a pesticide and / or an insecticide, preferably it is an antibiotic.
- the substance to be examined is generally a natural one occurring, a naturally occurring and chemically modified and / or a synthetic substance.
- so-called combinatorial substance libraries can be searched particularly easily and quickly with the methods according to the invention.
- the present invention is therefore also suitable for diagnosing a disease.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore a method for
- Diagnosis of a disease in which a) one or more, identical or different immobilized nucleic acid (s) with at least one splicable nucleic acid sequence are incubated in the presence of at least one composition containing splicing components and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries under suitable conditions, and b) that possibly formed Splice product is detected using a gel-free detection system.
- the diseases to be diagnosed are preferably hereditary diseases,
- composition containing splice components can be, for example, a treated or untreated tissue sample from the patient.
- 1A shows the coding nucleic acid sequence in which a Th aptamer was inserted at the 3 'end of the exon2 of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- 1B shows the coding nucleic acid sequence in which a To aptamer was inserted at the 3 'end of the exon2 of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- FIG. 2A shows the coding nucleic acid sequence in which a Th aptamer was inserted into the intron of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- 2B shows the coding nucleic acid sequence in which a to-aptamer was inserted into the intron of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- FIG. 3A shows the coding nucleic acid sequence in which a Th aptamer was inserted at the 5 ′ end of the exoni of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- 3B shows the sequence of an RNA in which a Th aptamer was inserted at the 5 'end of the exoni of a pre-mRNA coding for Minx.
- 4A shows the coding nucleic acid sequence which codes for a U3 pre-mRNA.
- Exoni is an insert for a Th or To aptamer.
- 4B shows the coding nucleic acid sequence which codes for a U3 pre-mRNA.
- An insertion point for a Th or To aptamer is marked in the intron.
- 4C shows the coding nucleic acid sequence which codes for a U3 pre-mRNA.
- An insert for a Th or To aptamer is identified at the 3 'end of the Exon2.
- Figure 5A shows the coding nucleic acid sequence coding for a Minx pre-mRNA.
- the sequence for IRE is inserted at the 3 'end of exon2.
- 5B shows the coding nucleic acid sequence which codes for one of the U3 pre-mRNA.
- the sequence for IRE is inserted at the 3 'end of exon2.
- FIG. 6 shows the temporal course of the splicing of MINX and MINX-IRE pre mRNA by HeLa core extract.
- the mRNA to be spliced consists of at least two exons that are separated by an intron.
- sequences are included which are suitable for enabling specific recognition by means of RNA binding proteins or low molecular weight compounds.
- the mRNA is selectively bound to the matrix by coupling these binding proteins or compounds to a matrix.
- the mRNA is also coupled covalently to the matrix via 3 ' OH groups of the ribose.
- the sediment is dissolved in 3 ml buffer B (20 mM HEPES, 25% (v / v) glycerin, 0.42 M NaCl, 1, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mM EDTA, 0.5 mM phenylmethysisulfonyl fluoride (PMSF),
- yeast cells are made in a very similar manner. Yeast cells of a protease-deficient strain (BJ926, EJ101 or similar strains) are sedimented in the logarithmic growth phase by centrifugation (1500 x g, 5 min., 4 ° C.). The cells are ice-cold in two to four times the volume
- zymolyase buffer 50 mM Tris HCL, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 M sorbitol, 30 mM DTT, pH 7.5
- the cells are centrifuged off (1,500 xg, 5 min., 4 ° C.), taken up in three times the volume of zymolyase buffer with 2 mg (200 U) of Zymolyase 100 T and in for 40 minutes at 30 ° C. on a shaker (50 RPM) - cubed.
- the spheroblasts formed are centrifuged off (1,500 xg, 5 min.,
- EDTA 10% (v / v) glycerin, 100 mM KCI, 1 mM DTT, Proteae Inhibitors, 1 mM PMSF, pH 7.5) dialyzed.
- the dialysate is centrifuged at 10,000 xg (4 ° C.) and the supernatant is stored in liquid nitrogen (Dünn, B. & Wobbe, CR (1994) Preparation of protein extracts from yeast, In: Ausubel, FM, et al. ( eds.) Current proto- cols in Molecular Biology, 2nd Volume, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., USA pp 13.13.1. -
- RNA sequence arises at the border of the two now connected exons, which is not present in the unspliced pre-mRNA (new sequence).
- This sequence is used to generate complementary nucleotide sequences that selectively only bind to this new sequence.
- the splicing carried out is indirectly detected by covalent binding of fluorescent dyes, biotin, digoxigenin or similar molecules or by radioactive labeling.
- the assay is evaluated in a suitable evaluation device (ELISA reader, fluorescence measuring device, etc.). All experiments described were carried out according to standard methods as described in (Eperon,
- the construct described in FIG. 5A was transcribed from the plasmid coding for it into the corresponding mRNA by means of in vitro transcription.
- the corresponding construct without the IRE sequence was also used in the experiments for control and later comparison.
- the constructs had previously been cloned into the vector pGEM-3Zf (Pharmacia) and propagated in E. coli.
- the plasmids were purified using standard technologies and adjusted to the desired concentration. Before use in vitro
- the transcription, the plasmids were linearized using restriction enzymes.
- 5 ⁇ l 5 x transcription buffer 200 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.9, 30 mM MgCl 2 , 10 mM spermidine, 50 mM NaCI) 1 ⁇ l BSA (1 mg / ml)
- RNAsin 2.5 ⁇ l DTT 100 mM
- NTP 's ATP, GTP, CTP with 2.5 mM and UTP with 1.25 mM
- the transcription batch was incubated for 2 h at 37 ° C. and then cleaned using a preparative gel using standard methods. To find the marked An X-ray film was placed on the RNA for 1 minute and the band by means of an
- the reactions were then ended by adding 400 ⁇ l Proteinase K buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 12.5, mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl, 1% SDS, 0.1 mg proteinase K) .
- the samples were extracted with 400 ⁇ l phenol / chloroform and the aqueous phase was precipitated with 2.5 volumes of ethanol and 1/10 volume of 3M sodium acetate (pH 5.2) at -20 ° C.
- the RNA was centrifuged off and washed with 70-80% ethanol. After centrifugation again, the RNA was dried.
- RNA was dissolved in 5 ⁇ l sample buffer (0.5 x TBE, 80% (v / v) formamide,
- RNA was detected by means of autoradiography (see FIG. 6).
- Lanes 1-5 of FIG. 6 show the time course (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 minutes) of the splice reaction of the MINX pre-mRNA without IRE at the 3 ' OH end. The figure shows that after about 20 minutes a large part of the pre-mRNA has been converted into the mature mRNA. Lanes 6-10 show the same experiment with the pre-mRNA modified by IRE at the 3 ' OH end. Here too, a clear splicing reaction can be seen after 20 minutes of incubation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ513908A NZ513908A (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | A gel free detection system comprising at least one probe for detecting a splicing reaction |
| EP00907635A EP1159449A2 (de) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung |
| AU29154/00A AU2915400A (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Test system for detecting a splicing reaction and use thereof |
| US09/857,063 US6579681B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Test system for detecting a splicing reaction and use thereof |
| JP2000602811A JP2002537822A (ja) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | スプライシング反応を検出するための試験系およびその使用 |
| HU0203058A HUP0203058A2 (hu) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Vizsgáló rendszer összefonódási reakció kimutatására, és ennek alkalmazása |
| CA002363431A CA2363431A1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Test system for detecting a splicing reaction and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19909156.0 | 1999-03-02 | ||
| DE19909156A DE19909156A1 (de) | 1999-03-02 | 1999-03-02 | Testsystem zum Nachweis einer Spleißreaktion, sowie dessen Verwendung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000052201A2 true WO2000052201A2 (de) | 2000-09-08 |
| WO2000052201A3 WO2000052201A3 (de) | 2001-05-03 |
Family
ID=7899465
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/001595 Ceased WO2000052201A2 (de) | 1999-03-02 | 2000-02-25 | Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6579681B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1159449A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002537822A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2915400A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2363431A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19909156A1 (de) |
| HU (1) | HUP0203058A2 (de) |
| NZ (1) | NZ513908A (de) |
| PL (1) | PL355179A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000052201A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007031574A1 (de) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Minor-Spleißosom Testsystem zur Modulierung der Zellteilung |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10018465A1 (de) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-18 | Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co | Testsystem zum Nachweis einer Spleißreaktion, sowie dessen Verwendung |
| DE10150783A1 (de) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-24 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Splicing als Target zum Identifizieren neuer Wirkstoffe |
| US8822168B2 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2014-09-02 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Assays for detecting small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle assembly and survival of motor neurons activity |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5849484A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1998-12-15 | University Of Medicine & Dentistry Of Nj | In vitro assay for inhibitors of the intron self-splicing reaction in Pneumocystis carinii |
| JPH09502354A (ja) * | 1993-09-08 | 1997-03-11 | ネクスター ファーマスーティカルズ,インコーポレイテッド | 核酸リガンドと、同リガンドを製造するための改良された方法 |
| WO1995007634A1 (en) | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-23 | Design/Analysis Consultants, Inc. | Umbrella with loop-type rib structure |
| WO1997015679A1 (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-01 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Recombinant viruses containing mobile genetic elements and methods of use in gene therapy |
| CA2263895C (en) | 1996-08-26 | 2012-06-26 | University Of Washington | Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of perlecan domain i splice variants |
-
1999
- 1999-03-02 DE DE19909156A patent/DE19909156A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-25 CA CA002363431A patent/CA2363431A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-25 HU HU0203058A patent/HUP0203058A2/hu unknown
- 2000-02-25 WO PCT/EP2000/001595 patent/WO2000052201A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-02-25 PL PL00355179A patent/PL355179A1/xx unknown
- 2000-02-25 EP EP00907635A patent/EP1159449A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-25 AU AU29154/00A patent/AU2915400A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-25 US US09/857,063 patent/US6579681B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-25 NZ NZ513908A patent/NZ513908A/xx unknown
- 2000-02-25 JP JP2000602811A patent/JP2002537822A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007031574A1 (de) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Minor-Spleißosom Testsystem zur Modulierung der Zellteilung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1159449A2 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
| WO2000052201A3 (de) | 2001-05-03 |
| HUP0203058A2 (hu) | 2002-12-28 |
| DE19909156A1 (de) | 2000-09-07 |
| AU2915400A (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| PL355179A1 (en) | 2004-04-05 |
| JP2002537822A (ja) | 2002-11-12 |
| NZ513908A (en) | 2001-09-28 |
| US6579681B1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| CA2363431A1 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
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