WO2001016045A1 - The method for manufacturing vacuum glazing and its application mechanical system - Google Patents

The method for manufacturing vacuum glazing and its application mechanical system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001016045A1
WO2001016045A1 PCT/CN1999/000129 CN9900129W WO0116045A1 WO 2001016045 A1 WO2001016045 A1 WO 2001016045A1 CN 9900129 W CN9900129 W CN 9900129W WO 0116045 A1 WO0116045 A1 WO 0116045A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vacuum
glass
sealing
cavity
vacuum glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN1999/000129
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xinjian Zhao
Taizhou Zhao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
QINGDAO SYNERGY TECHNOLOGY APPLIANCE Co Ltd
Original Assignee
QINGDAO SYNERGY TECHNOLOGY APPLIANCE Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by QINGDAO SYNERGY TECHNOLOGY APPLIANCE Co Ltd filed Critical QINGDAO SYNERGY TECHNOLOGY APPLIANCE Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN1999/000129 priority Critical patent/WO2001016045A1/zh
Priority to AU54063/99A priority patent/AU5406399A/en
Priority to CNB998015539A priority patent/CN1263698C/zh
Priority to EP99939904A priority patent/EP1216971A1/en
Priority to HK00107995.0A priority patent/HK1035522B/zh
Publication of WO2001016045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001016045A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6612Evacuated glazing units
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • E06B3/6775Evacuating or filling the gap during assembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a vacuum glass and a device for manufacturing a vacuum glass. Background technique
  • Vacuum glass is a kind of thermal insulation material, which is often used in the construction field, for example, it is used as doors, windows, and so on.
  • FIG. 1 A typical vacuum glass structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • the number 101 indicates two glasses
  • 102 indicates a support
  • 103 indicates a low-melting glass sealing layer
  • 104 indicates a suction port
  • the space between the two glasses is in a vacuum state.
  • the vacuum glass is vacuum-processed using the traditional process, similar to the production process of vacuum flasks, etc.
  • the suction port of each vacuum glass is connected to the vacuum system through the suction pipe.
  • Figure 2A The long glass suction port 106 on the vacuum glass directly extends to the outside of the oven 105 and is connected to the vacuum system 107. After baking and vacuuming, the glass tube is blown to seal.
  • FIG. 2B Another method is shown in FIG. 2B.
  • a cup-shaped device 109 with a sealing ring 108 is buckled on the suction port of the vacuum glass, and connected to the vacuum system 107 through a metal tube.
  • the heating coil 1 10 installed in the vacuum cup is heated to make the glass suction port melt and seal.
  • the present invention also provides a vacuum glass manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing vacuum glass with high efficiency and energy saving.
  • a method for manufacturing a vacuum glass including the following steps:
  • Vacuum glass original plate placing step placing two glasses opposite to each other with a space therebetween, and placing a plurality of supports between the two glasses to maintain the space, wherein at least one glass has an air exhaust port, and the air exhaust port Communicate with the internal space formed by the two glasses;
  • Edge-sealing step sealing the periphery of the vacuum glass original plate so that the vacuum glass original plate forms a completely closed periphery;
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a vacuum glass, including the following steps:
  • Vacuum glass original plate placing step Place two glasses facing each other at intervals, and place a plurality of supports between the two glasses to maintain the interval, and place sealing glass powder for edge sealing at the edge of the interval 7. At least one of the glass original plates has an air suction port, and a glass tube for sealing and glass powder are placed on the air suction port;
  • Heating and edge-sealing step including heating the placed vacuum glass original plate to the melting temperature of the sealing glass powder for edge-sealing, so that the vacuum glass original plate forms a completely sealed periphery; Empty glass original plate forms a closed perimeter;
  • sealing step sealing the suction port on the vacuum glass original plate which has been evacuated by heating and melting the glass tube;
  • Cooling step The sealed original glass plate is cooled, thereby obtaining a vacuum glass having a desired vacuum degree.
  • a vacuum glass manufacturing device including: an air-tight cavity, which is suitable for accommodating a plurality of vacuum glass original plates, each vacuum glass original plate includes two glass placed opposite to each other, There is a space between the two glasses, and a plurality of supports are placed in the space to maintain the space between the two glasses. At least one of the glasses has an opening. The opening communicates with the space formed between the two glasses. For pumping air
  • a heating part which can be controlled to increase or decrease the temperature of the cavity
  • a mouthpiece which is suitable for heating and sealing the opening of each vacuum glass original plate when the space formed between the two glasses reaches a predetermined vacuum degree
  • a control device that can control the operation of the heating part and the vacuum system, so that the cavity can be at least the following stages:
  • the evacuation stage At this stage, the cavity is at a temperature that can fully exhaust the vacuum glass original plate, and the space formed between the two glasses reaches a predetermined vacuum degree.
  • a vacuum glass manufacturing device for manufacturing vacuum glass from a vacuum glass original plate.
  • the vacuum glass original plate includes two glasses placed opposite to each other with a space between the two glasses.
  • the device includes: A first cavity, where the first cavity can reach a first temperature, at which the edge temperature is suitable for the edge sealing operation of the vacuum glass original plate;
  • a second cavity the second cavity can reach a second temperature and a first vacuum degree, the second temperature is lower than the first temperature, at which the second temperature is suitable for the decomposition of glass adsorption,
  • the first degree of vacuum is suitable for preliminary exhaustion of the original vacuum glass plate;
  • a third cavity, the third cavity can reach a third temperature and a second vacuum degree, and the second vacuum degree is higher than the first vacuum degree; the third temperature and the second vacuum degree are suitable So that the adsorbed material of the vacuum glass original plate can be desorbed and discharged, and the space between the two original plates is maintained at a predetermined vacuum after the other openings are sealed;
  • the third cavity further includes a mouthpiece, which is adapted to heat-seal the opening of the vacuum glass original plate;
  • the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are connected by a vacuum valve, so that the second and third cavities maintain their vacuum.
  • the invention also provides a vacuum glass manufacturing device, which includes:
  • the vacuum glass original plate conveying part is used for conveying the vacuum glass original plate
  • sealing part used for sealing the air suction port on the vacuum glass original plate
  • Cooling part It is used for cooling the sealed glass plate, thereby obtaining a vacuum glass having a desired degree of vacuum.
  • the invention also provides a vacuum glass manufacturing device, which includes:
  • a heating part which can be controlled to increase or decrease the temperature of the cavity
  • a carrying device is suitable for accommodating a plurality of original vacuum glass plates.
  • Each original vacuum glass plate includes two glasses placed opposite to each other with a space between the two glasses.
  • a plurality of supports are placed in the space to maintain two Space between pieces of glass, at least one of which has an opening Mouth, the space formed between the rising mouth and the two glasses of glass is in communication, and is used for pumping air;
  • a mouthpiece which is suitable for heating and sealing the opening of each vacuum glass original plate when the space formed between the two glasses reaches a predetermined vacuum degree
  • a control device that can control the operation of the heating part and the vacuum system; wherein the carrying device includes a barrier surrounding the installed vacuum glass original plate, and the carrying device can be pushed into the cavity and Removed from the cavity, the barrier can be controlled in a first open state and a second closed state.
  • the first open state the original vacuum glass plate communicates with the cavity to facilitate heating and Vacuuming
  • the second closed state the vacuum glass original plate is shielded and insulated.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing vacuum glass, including the following steps: placing at least one vacuum glass original plate on a carrying device, wherein each vacuum glass original plate includes two glasses placed opposite to each other, and There is a gap in the gap. Multiple supports are placed in the gap to maintain the gap between the two glasses. At least one of the glasses has a liter opening. The opening communicates with the space formed between the two glasses and is used for pumping.
  • the carrier device includes a barrier, and the vacuum glass original plate is surrounded by the barrier; a sealing glass is provided on the periphery of each vacuum glass original plate;
  • the carrier is placed in a cavity, so that the barrier is in a first open state; the cavity is heated up to the temperature at which the sealing glass is melted, and then gradually cooled, so that the vacuum glass is sealed by the sealing glass Peripheral seal of the original plate;
  • the barrier is placed in a second closed state, and the carrier is removed from the cavity as a whole.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical vacuum glass crust
  • 3A and 3B show two basic principles of the manufacturing method of the present invention
  • 4 is a schematic diagram showing a process flow of a method for manufacturing a multi-block vacuum glass and a device for manufacturing a vacuum glass original plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device having a plurality of continuous chambers;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a process flow of a monolithic vacuum glass manufacturing method and a device for manufacturing a vacuum glass original plate according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device having a plurality of continuous chambers;
  • 6 ⁇ and 6B respectively show two methods of manufacturing the multi-block vacuum glass manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the present invention, which use an independent chamber;
  • the original vacuum glass plate 10 includes two glass la, lb placed opposite each other. There is a space between the two glass la, lb, and a plurality of supports 2 are placed in the space to maintain the space between the two glasses, at least A piece of glass la has an opening, and the opening communicates with the space formed between the two pieces of glass for air extraction.
  • the riser is located near the perimeter or corner of the glass.
  • the opening may be plural.
  • the glass used to make the vacuum glass may be a commonly used glass, for example, float glass, glass-coated glass, coated glass, stained glass, and the like.
  • the support may be a commonly used support, for example, a support prepared from materials such as metal, ceramic, and alloy.
  • the placed vacuum glass original plate 10 is placed in a sealable chamber such as a vacuum chamber 5 with a volume sufficient to accommodate the entire vacuum glass original plate.
  • the vacuum chamber 5 is connected to the vacuum extraction system 7 through a large-diameter pipe 6. You can make the chamber reach the required vacuum when needed. For this reason, firstly, the periphery of the vacuum glass original plate needs to be sealed to form a completely sealed periphery.
  • sealing glass 3 can be used, such as sealing glass strips and glass frit.
  • the periphery of the vacuum glass original plate 10 is sealed by using a sealing glass in a molten state, or by melting the sealing glass 3 by heating.
  • the vacuum glass is heated by heating
  • the glass original plate 10 melts the sealing glass 3 placed around the vacuum glass original plate 10 in advance, and then cools down to solidify the sealing glass to seal the periphery of the vacuum glass original plate.
  • the heating temperature is the melting temperature of the sealing glass or higher. Because different sealing glasses have different melting temperatures, the heating temperature is usually about 350 ° C-550 ° C.
  • the vacuum glass original plate can be heated by electric heating or hot air heating means.
  • sealing glass conventional sealing glass can be used, and it is available on the market.
  • the preferred sealing glass of the present invention is glass frit for sealing. There are many types of glass frit, preferably glass 3 ⁇ 4 v whose expansion coefficient matches that of the original vacuum glass plate.
  • the vacuum degree of the interior space of the vacuum glass original plate is changed by changing the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber in which the vacuum glass original plate is located.
  • the vacuum glass original plate 10 is placed in the vacuum chamber 5 as a whole, the air in the interior space of the vacuum glass original plate 10 and the air in the vacuum chamber can circulate each other due to the existence of the suction port on the glass. Therefore, when the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is increased, the vacuum degree of the internal space of the vacuum glass original plate 10 is correspondingly increased.
  • the vacuum evacuation step of the present invention may be performed when the vacuum glass original plate 10 is at room temperature or it may be performed at high temperature.
  • the vacuum glass substrate is preferably heated at a high temperature, such as 150 ° C or more and below the melting point temperature of the sealing glass used, and more preferably when the temperature of the original vacuum glass plate is about 300 ° C to the melting point of the sealing glass used. Vacuum is applied at all times. Evacuating at high temperature helps the moisture absorbed on the inner surfaces of the two glasses to be fully discharged from the interior space of the vacuum glass original plate.
  • the temperature at which the vacuum glass original plate can desorb substances such as adsorbed water is also referred to as exhaust temperature.
  • the sealing step is started, i.e., the original glass plate vacuum suction port is sealed to prepare Vacuum glass with the required degree of vacuum in the internal space-sealing can be performed using commonly used sealing methods.
  • the sealing step is achieved by heating and melting the glass tube 4 on the suction port.
  • One end of the glass tube 4 is connected to the air suction port, and the other end is connected to the outside, for example, it can protrude from the outer surface of the glass. The shorter the part of the glass tube protruding from the outer surface of the glass, the better.
  • Heating can be performed using, for example, an electric heating device, or an infrared or laser ray device as shown in ⁇ 3A, which is placed on the exhaust port 4 in advance
  • the heating line shown in Figure 9 is heated by electricity, the glass suction port is melted and sealed, and qualified vacuum glass is made.
  • Figure 3B is basically the same as Figure 3A, except that an infrared or laser ray-transmissive material is opened on the vacuum chamber 5, such as a quartz glass window 9 '.
  • an external infrared spotlight or laser 9 is used for heating
  • the suction pipe 4 located at the suction port also achieves the purpose of sealing.
  • the suction pipe can also be directly heated by an infrared spotlight or a laser (not shown) in the vacuum chamber 5 to achieve the purpose of sealing.
  • the glass tube used may be an ordinary glass tube or an infrared absorbing glass tube, preferably an infrared absorbing glass tube.
  • the above-mentioned one end of the glass tube 4 can be connected to the exhaust port in various ways.
  • the glass tube 4 is placed on the air suction port, and a sealing glass is provided at a position where the glass pipe 4 is connected to the air suction port, for example, a sealing glass ring that is pressed in advance, and then the glass tube and the glass pipe are heated and melted.
  • the suction port is connected. This heating and melting step is preferably performed simultaneously with the step of sealing the periphery of the vacuum glass original plate 10.
  • Cooling can be natural cooling, or it can be achieved by providing water cooling or direct air cooling.
  • the present invention adopts the method of putting the entire vacuum glass original plate into a vacuum chamber for evacuation, multiple vacuum glass original plates can be placed in the same vacuum chamber and evacuated at the same time. According to the method of the present invention, multiple pieces of vacuum glass can be produced at one time, that is, multiple pieces of vacuum glass original plates are edge-sealed, evacuated, and sealed at the same time.
  • FIG. 4 An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4.
  • a plurality of vacuum glass original plates are placed at a distance from each other, and the steps of edge-sealing, vacuuming, and sealing are performed at the same time to produce a plurality of vacuum glass at one time.
  • the production of vacuum glass can be performed in one chamber, or in multiple chambers, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, respectively.
  • the vacuum glass manufacturing method of the present invention has the advantages that: ⁇ ) eliminates the exhaust pipe (including glass thin tube and metal bellows) connected to each vacuum glass, so that the vacuum The vacuum system is directly matched with the vacuum chamber, and the entire vacuum glass original plate is evacuated together with the vacuum chamber in a closed vacuum chamber, which greatly improves the vacuum speed and efficiency, and simplifies the operating procedure, which is convenient for industrial production; (2 ) Eliminate the vacuum
  • the sealing ring necessary for the cup method the heating temperature is not limited, and the baking temperature can be increased to above 300 ° C, so that the vacuum degree of the vacuum glass is higher and more stable; (3) Since there is no need to leave an adsorption area for the sealing ring, The suction port can be made at the corners of the vacuum glass to make the finished vacuum glass product more beautiful; (4)
  • the temperature is reduced and the sealing is performed after the furnace is released. Instead, the residual temperature
  • a vacuum glass manufacturing device system which includes: a vacuum glass original plate conveying section 30, which may be, for example, a carriage 1 1, a continuous or stepwise roller or imperial conveyor 35, It is used to transport the original vacuum glass plate; heating edge sealing part 31: There are heating means (components), such as commonly used electric heating or gas heating devices, for heating the placed vacuum glass original plate to the sealing glass for edge sealing Powder melting temperature; Evacuation part 32: There are vacuum extraction methods. For example, commonly used air pumps and pipes can be used in a closed vacuum chamber to extract the entire sealed glass original plate together with the vacuum chamber.
  • Sealing element 9 For example, it can be a sealing coil or infrared and laser devices commonly used in the field of vacuum glass, used to seal the exhaust port on the vacuum glass original plate;
  • Cooling section 33 For example, A common gas cooling and water cooling device is used to cool the sealed glass plate, thereby obtaining a vacuum glass having a required vacuum degree. Glass.
  • the sealing member 9 is a sealing coil fixed in advance on the glass suction port 4, and is heated by applying electricity (such as AC, DC, or high frequency) to the glass.
  • the suction port is sealed. It can also be an infrared or laser ray-transparent window 9 'located on the vacuum chamber 13 and an infrared or laser heating device 9 "located outside the vacuum chamber.
  • the exhaust port' 4 can be heated by using it to thereby make the glass
  • the suction port is sealed; or the infrared light or laser heating device located in the vacuum chamber 1 3 is used to seal the glass suction port by adding the suction port.
  • the conveying part 30 is a bracket 11 for stacking and conveying at least two original vacuum glass plates in layers, thereby forming multiple pieces at a time. -1 o-Vacuum glass plate.
  • the conveying part 30 may also be a roller or emperor conveying emperor 35 which is continuously moved or stepped as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is used to transport one vacuum glass original plate at a time and form one vacuum glass plate at a time.
  • the heated edge-sealing portion 31 and the vacuum-evacuated portion 32 and / or between the vacuum-evacuated portion 32 and the cooling portion 33 there are further provided between the heated edge-sealing portion 31 and the vacuum-evacuated portion 32 and / or between the vacuum-evacuated portion 32 and the cooling portion 33.
  • the first buffer chamber 15 and the second buffer chamber 16 are used to adjust the vacuum degree and temperature, respectively, to pre-evacuate the glass plate and / or adjust the temperature from the edge-sealing temperature to the vacuum temperature and to make the sealed vacuum glass plate low. Vacuum chamber and / or temperature adjustment to enter the cooling chamber.
  • a preheating section is provided before the heated edge sealing section 31 to preheat the placed vacuum glass original plate.
  • the vacuum glass manufacturing apparatus further includes a temperature measuring means and / or a vacuum measuring means.
  • the sections 31, 32, and 33 refer to a plurality of chambers connected in series, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example.
  • sections 31, 32, and 33 are all located in one chamber, for example, as shown in Figs. 6A and 6B.
  • a vacuum glass original plate includes two glasses and a support 2 placed therebetween, and glass frit for edge sealing is placed on the edge of the vacuum glass original plate.
  • the glass powder for sealing and the glass tube 4 for sealing and their fixtures are placed at the suction port. Fix the sealing coil 9 at the suction port 4 of the glass plate in advance, and connect the power supply.
  • the bracket first enters the heating chamber (first cavity) 12, and the temperature is raised to the melting temperature of the glass frit for edge sealing, about 300-550 ° C, and then the temperature is lowered to solidify the edge frit with glass powder to complete the edge seal.
  • the bracket 1 1 passes through the optional first buffer chamber (second cavity) 15 and enters the vacuum chamber (third cavity) 1 3.
  • the temperature of the original vacuum glass plate is about 300 ° C, the glass frit for edge sealing is melted.
  • the vacuum is, when the degree of vacuum reached 10- 10- 'Pa, preferably to reach 10- 2 - 10 - 1 Pa inch' closure device power is turned on (AC, DC or high frequency) was sealed thereafter
  • the bracket 11 can enter the cooling furnace (fifth cavity) 1 1 through the optional second buffer chamber (fourth cavity) 16 for cooling, and then come out of the furnace.
  • the functions of the first and second buffer chambers 1 5 and 16 here are to adjust the vacuum and Temperature, respectively, to make the glass plate pre-evacuate and / or adjust the temperature from the edge sealing temperature to the evacuation temperature and seal the vacuum glass plate into the low vacuum chamber and / or adjust the temperature from the evacuation temperature to the temperature of entering the cooling chamber.
  • These two buffer chambers can be omitted.
  • Fig. 5 is a manufacturing scheme of a monolithic vacuum glass. It differs from the previous solution only in that only one vacuum glass plate is formed at a time. Similar to Figure 4, put the vacuum glass original plate 10 into the heating chamber 12 to seal the edge, and then enter the flat vacuum chamber 13 to evacuate. At this time, the infrared spotlight or laser rays 9 "outside or inside the vacuum can be used for sealing. Alternatively, the sealing coil 9 fixed in the vacuum chamber can be used to energize and seal, and then enter the cooling chamber 14 to cool out of the furnace. Since the sealing coil does not need to be fixed on the vacuum glass, this solution obviously can bring many conveniences. In this embodiment It is also possible to use the first and second buffer chambers 15 and 16 as described above.
  • a preheating chamber is preferably provided before the heating chamber 12, so that the loaded vacuum glass original plate 10 is preheated before entering the heating chamber 12.
  • FIG. 6A and 6B schematically show an apparatus for manufacturing a vacuum glass using a separate cavity according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the biggest difference between this embodiment and the previous two solutions is that the above-mentioned main steps such as heating, evacuation, and cooling are all completed in a single chamber, and it does not need to use multiple continuous chambers.
  • a plurality of placed vacuum glass original plates 10 are layered on a carrying device, such as a bracket 11, and then placed in a vacuum chamber 5.
  • the vacuum chamber 5 is equipped with a heater 8, a heat insulation layer 29, a temperature measuring device 27, and a vacuum degree measuring device 28.
  • the heater 8 is used to heat the vacuum chamber 5 to the melting temperature of the glass frit for edge banding, about 300-550 ° C, and then the temperature is lowered to solidify the edge frit with glass powder to complete the edge seal.
  • vacuum evacuation means when the degree of vacuum reached 10- l O- iPa, preferably to reach 10- 2 - 10 - 1 Pa inch,
  • the sealing machine ⁇ is started to perform sealing, and after the sealing is completed, the vacuum chamber 5 is cooled and then comes out of the furnace.
  • the difference from FIG. 6A is that in FIG.
  • the original heater 8 is a cold and heat adjustable fan 8, that is, the hot air heating method is used at this time, and the cold air can be used for cooling at the same time.
  • Heater 8 in ⁇ 6A can also be replaced by a hot and cold adjustable fan.
  • the sealing machine can be an infrared lamp, a laser or a heating coil.
  • the carrier 1 1 may further be provided with a barrier 1 ⁇ with a switchable ventilation window, which plays a role of heat insulation.
  • the finished vacuum glass can be pulled out of the cavity at a high temperature and protected by a closed barrier to reduce cooling.
  • Another semi-finished product carrying device can enter the cavity when the cavity is at a high temperature, which improves the work efficiency and reduces the energy consumption.
  • a pre-heating step can also be set before the heating step, so as to pre-heat the vacuum glass plate, for example, the waste heat of the cooling process can be used for pre-heating.
  • This vacuum glass manufacturing device is used to manufacture vacuum glass from a vacuum glass original plate 10, which includes two glass glass la placed oppositely, lb-there is a space between the two glasses, and a plurality of supports are placed in the space 2. It is used to maintain a gap between two glasses, and at least one of the glasses has an opening, and the opening communicates with a space formed between the two glasses for air extraction.
  • the device includes:
  • a first cavity 12, the first cavity 12 can reach a first temperature, for example, about 50 CTC, and is suitable for edge-sealing operation of the vacuum glass original plate at the first temperature;
  • a second cavity 15, the second cavity 15 can reach a second temperature and a first vacuum degree, the second temperature is lower than the first temperature, for example, about 380 ° C, at which the second temperature is suitable
  • the first degree of vacuum of glass adsorption is decomposed and absorbed, and the vacuum glass original plate is initially exhausted, for example, 10 Pa; the second cavity 15 plays a buffering role with respect to temperature and vacuum degree of the third cavity described below ;
  • a third cavity 13, the third cavity 13 can reach a third temperature and a second vacuum degree, the second vacuum degree is higher than the first vacuum degree; the third temperature and the second vacuum The degree is suitable so that the adsorbed material of the vacuum glass original plate can be desorbed and discharged, and the space between the two original plates is maintained at a predetermined vacuum degree after the opening is sealed; the second vacuum degree is, for example, 10 10 Pa, better is to reach 1 ( ⁇ 2 - 10- 1 Pa .
  • the third cavity 13 further includes a mouthpiece 9 which is suitable for heating and sealing the opening of the vacuum glass original plate;
  • the mouthpiece may be an infrared lamp or a laser, or a heating coil;
  • a vacuum valve is connected between the first cavity 12, the second cavity 15, and the third cavity 1 3. 3, so that the second and third cavities maintain their vacuum.
  • a fourth cavity 16 connected to the third cavity 13 by a vacuum valve is further included.
  • the fourth cavity 16 can reach a third vacuum degree and a fourth temperature.
  • the third vacuum degree Below the second degree of vacuum, the fourth temperature is lower than the third temperature.
  • the second degree of vacuum is, for example, 10-Pa.
  • the fifth cavity M further includes a fifth cavity 14 connected to the fourth cavity 16 by a vacuum valve.
  • the fifth cavity M has a fifth temperature and a normal pressure, and the fifth temperature is lower than the first temperature. Four temperatures, and the temperature of the fifth cavity can be reduced with a predetermined gradient.
  • a pre-heating cavity may be further included before the first cavity 12 for pre-heating the vacuum glass original plate 10.
  • the above-mentioned edge-sealing step, evacuation step, and sealing step are performed in a temperature range of 200 to 550 C, and more preferably in a temperature range of 300 to 510 ° C.
  • One of the advantages of this method is that there is no need to reduce the temperature to a very low level after the edge-sealing step. This has the effect of saving energy and saving time. On the other hand, the original vacuum glass plate experiences less thermal shock, so the yield high.
  • a preferred procedure for manufacturing vacuum glass in the preferred apparatus described above is as follows. First, at least one vacuum glass original plate is preheated in the preheating cavity to avoid excessive thermal shock when it enters the first cavity 12.
  • the outer periphery of this vacuum glass original plate has been provided with sealing glass, and the suction port is provided with sealing glass and a sealing glass tube.
  • the crusts then enter the first cavity 12 and are heated to the melting temperature of the sealing glass, so that the outer periphery of the vacuum glass original plate is sealed, and the glass tube used for sealing is also hermetically connected to the suction port.
  • the obtained scab is then transported to the second cavity 15, where the temperature is appropriately reduced and the vacuum is initially evacuated: the obtained scab is then conveyed to the third cavity 13, and further exhausted in this cavity.
  • the radon is transferred to the fifth cavity 1.1 for stepwise cooling.
  • the cavity 1.1 is a normal-pressure environment, which facilitates controlled temperature reduction.
  • a heating part 8 which can be controlled to increase or decrease the temperature of the cavity
  • a carrying device 11 is suitable for accommodating a plurality of vacuum glass original plates, and each vacuum glass original plate 10 includes two glasses placed opposite to each other with a space between the two glasses, and a plurality of supports are placed in the space.
  • each vacuum glass original plate 10 includes two glasses placed opposite to each other with a space between the two glasses, and a plurality of supports are placed in the space.
  • at least one of the glasses has an opening, and the space formed between the rising opening and the two glasses is communicated with each other for air extraction;
  • a mouthpiece ⁇ 9 is suitable for heating and sealing the opening of each vacuum glass original plate 10 when the space formed between the two glasses reaches a predetermined vacuum degree;
  • a control device that can control the operation of the heating part and the vacuum system; wherein the carrying device 1 1 includes a barrier 1 1a surrounding a mounted vacuum glass original plate.
  • the carrying device 1 1 can push The barrier 11a can be controlled to be in a first open state and a second closed state in and out of the cavity 5, and in the first opened state, the original vacuum glass plate 10 communicates with the cavity, so as to facilitate The vacuum glass original plate 10 is heated and evacuated. In the second closed state, the vacuum glass original plate is shielded and insulated.
  • the barrier has a ventilation window that can be raised and lowered, such as a louvered or sliding blade crust.
  • This barrier is in the first lifting state, it is easy to heat and evacuate, and the beam can be transmitted through the raised part, so the sealing operation can be realized by infrared or laser device.
  • a method for manufacturing a vacuum glass according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • At least one vacuum glass original plate is placed on a carrying device 5, wherein each vacuum glass original plate 10 includes two glasses placed opposite to each other with a space between the two glasses, and a plurality of supports are placed in the space for maintaining An interval between two glasses, at least one of which has an opening, and the opening communicates with the space formed between the two glasses for air extraction;
  • the carrying device includes a barrier, and the vacuum glass is used by the barrier Original plate surround:
  • a heating coil is further provided in this step;
  • the carrier device 1 1 is placed in a cavity 5 so that the barrier 1 1 a is in a first open state; the cavity 5 is heated to the desired temperature.
  • the melting temperature of the sealing glass is gradually lowered, so as to seal the periphery of the original vacuum glass plate with the sealing glass. If the glass tube 4 for sealing and the sealing glass around the glass tube are also provided as described above, the glass tube is at this step. Also connected at the open ⁇ position;
  • the opening is sealed; the opening may be sealed by various methods described above;
  • the barrier 1 1a is placed in the second closed position, and the carrier 1 1 is taken out of the cavity as a whole.
  • the barrier 1 1a has first and second states, which facilitates controlling the cooling rate in the barrier after being removed from the high-temperature cavity.

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Description

真空玻璃的制造方法及其装置 所属技术领域
本发明涉及制造真空玻璃的方法及真空玻璃的制造裝置。 背景技术
真空玻璃是一种保温隔热材料, 常用于建筑领域, 例如, 用作门、 窗, 等等。
典型的真空玻璃结抅如图 1所示, 图 1 中数字 101 表示两块玻璃, 102 表示支撑物, 103 表示低熔点玻璃密封层, 104 表示抽气口,两块玻 璃间是真空状态。
两块玻璃形成的内部空间的真空度要达到并保持数量級约为 10— 2 Pa . 这样才能使残余空气的热传导小到可忽略不计的程度, 从而得到优 良而且稳定的保溫、 隔热性能。 因此制作真空玻璃吋, 必须根据所要求 的真空度指标, 设计出合乎要求的抽真空系统, 这样才能制作出合格的 产品。
目前对真空玻璃进行抽真空处理的工艺都是沿用传统的工艺, 类似 于保溫瓶等生产工艺, 每一块真空玻璃的抽气口分别通过抽气管道接到 真空系统。 该方法如图 2A 所示, 真空玻璃上的长玻璃抽气口 106 直接 延伸到烘箱 105外部和真空系统 107连接, 烘烤并抽真空后烧断玻璃管 来封口。 另一种方法如图 2B所示, 用一个帝有密封圈 108 的杯形装置 109倒扣在真空玻璃的抽气口上, 通过金属管连到抽真空系统 107 上, 烘烤并抽真空后给予先裝在真空杯中的加热线圈 1 10通电加热使玻璃抽 气口熔化封口。
但是图 2Λ 的玻璃管连接法的困难之一是不能用很粗的玻璃管作抽 气口, 而细玻璃管机械强度很弱, 不易操作; 困难之二是真空玻璃不允 许有较长的残留抽气口存在, 封口操作比较困难。 图 2B 的杯形法解决 了上述困难, 但是目前密封圈的最高耐溫约 200 , 不能烘烤到 300 以上高溫, 因为玻璃排气不充分而影响产品质量和稳定性。 另外, 应该指出, 上述所有方法都要在每块真空玻璃上加接较长的 抽气管道, 管道越长、 直径越细则抽气阻抗越大, 抽速越低, 抽真空效 率就越低, 而且管道越多, 操作难度也越大。 发明目的
因此本发明的目的在于提供一种真空玻璃的制造方法, 以便可以以 较简单的装置、 较高的抽真空效率以及较简单的操作来制造高质量、 高 稳定性和高可靠性的产品。 本发明还提供一种真空玻璃的制造装置, 以 便高效率和节能地制造真空玻璃。 技术解決方案
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括下列 步骤:
( 1 ) 真空玻璃原板放置步骤: 将两块玻璃有间隔地相对放置, 并 在该两块玻璃之间放置多个支撑物用于维持该间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃 上有一抽气口, 该抽气口与该两块玻璃形成的内部空间相通;
(2) 封边步骤: 将该真空玻璃原板的周边密封, 使得该真空玻璃 原板形成完全密闭的周边;
(3 ) 抽真空步骤: 在真空室中, 将已封边的真空玻璃原板与该真 空室一起抽真空, 使得该真空玻璃原板的内部空间产生所需的真空度;
(4) 封口步骤: 将已抽真空的真空玻璃原板上的抽气口封口, 得 到具有所需真空度的真空玻璃。
本发明另一方面提供一种真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括下列步骤:
( 1 ) 真空玻璃原板放置步骤: 将两块玻璃有间隔地相对放置, 并 在该两块玻璃间放置多个支撑物用于维持该间隔, 在该间隔的边缘处放 置封边用密封玻璃粉、 其中至少一块玻璃原板上有一抽气口, 并且在抽 气口上放置封口用玻璃管和玻璃粉;
(2) 加热封边步骤: 包括将放置好的真空玻璃原板加热到封边用 密封玻璃粉熔化溫度, 使得真空玻璃原板形成完全密闭的周边; 使得真 空玻璃原板形成密闭的周边;
( 3) 抽真空步骤: 在封闭的真空室中, 将封好边的真空玻璃原板 整体与所说的真空室一起抽真空, 使该真空玻璃原板内的空间产生所需 的真空度;
(4 ) 封口步骤: 通过加热熔化玻璃管将已抽真空的真空玻璃原板 上的抽气口封口;
(5) 冷却步骤: 将封好口的玻璃原板冷却, 由此获得具有所需真 空度的真空玻璃。
本发明的再一方面提供一种真空玻璃的制造装置, 它包括: 一可气密的腔体, 其适合于容放多块真空玻璃原板, 每坱真空玻璃 原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置 有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有 一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气;
一加热部分, 其可受操控使得腔体的溫度升高或降低;
一真空系统, 用于对所述腔体抽真空;
一封口机抅, 其适合于当两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空 度时对每块真空玻璃原板的开口进行加热密封;
一控制裝置, 其可以控制所述加热部分和所述真空系统的操作, 使 得所述腔体可以处于至少以下阶段:
a.真空玻璃原板的封边阶段, 此阶段腔体溫度达到一密封玻璃的熔 化溫度, 并且处于常压;
b.抽真空阶段, 此阶段腔体处于可使真空玻璃原板充分排气的溫 度, 并使两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空度。
本发明的又一方面提供一种真空玻璃的制造裝置, 用于由真空玻璃 原板制造真空玻璃, 该真空玻璃原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻 璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间 的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的 空间相通, 用于抽气;
所述裝置包括: 一第一腔体,所述第一腔体可达到一第一溫度, 在所述第一溫度适 合于对真空玻璃原板进行封边操作;
一第二腔体, 所述第二腔体可达到一第二溫度和第一真空度, 该第 二溫度低于所述第一溫度, 在该第二溫度适合于玻璃吸附的成分解吸, 该第一真空度适合于将真空玻璃原板初步排气;
一第三腔体, 所述第三腔体可达到一第三溫度和一第二真空度, 所 述第二真空度高于所述第一真空度; 该第三溫度和第二真空度适合于使 得真空玻璃原板的吸附物可以被解吸和排出, 并且使得所述两块原板之 间的空间在所还开口被密封之后保持一预定的真空度;
所述第三腔体还包括一封口抅件, 其适于将所述真空玻璃原板的开 口进行加热密封;
所还第一腔体、 第二腔体和第三腔体之间以真空阀门相连, 从而使 得第二和第三腔体保持其真空度。
本发明还提供一种真空玻璃制造裝置, 它包括:
( i ) 真空玻璃原板运送部分, 用于运送真空玻璃原板;
( i i ) 加热封边部分; 帝有加热手段, 用于将放置好的玻璃原板加 热到封边用密封玻璃粉熔化溫度;
( i i i ) 抽真空部分: 帝有抽真空手段和封闭的真空室, 用于将封 好边的玻璃板整体与所说的真空室一起抽真空并达到所需的真空度;
( i v ) 封口部分: 用于将真空玻璃原板上的抽气口封口;
( V ) 冷却部分: 用于将封好口的玻璃板冷却, 由此获得具有所需 真空度的真空玻璃。
本发明还提供一种真空玻璃的制造装置, 它包括:
一可气密的腔体,
一加热部分 , 其可受操控使得腔体的溫度升高或降低;
一真空系统, 用于对所述腔体抽真空;
一运载裝置, 其适合于容放多块真空玻璃原板, 每块真空玻璃原板 包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置有多 个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有一开 口 , 该升口与两坱玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气;
一封口机抅, 其适合于当两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空 度时对每块真空玻璃原板的开口进行加热密封;
一控制裝置, 其可以控制所述加热部分和所述真空系统的操作; 其中所述运载裝置包括一将裝好的真空玻璃原板包围的屏障, 并且 所述运载裝置能够推入所述腔体和从所述腔体移出, 该屏障能够受控制 地处于一第一打开状态和一第二封闭状态, 在所述第一打开状态, 所述 真空玻璃原板与所述腔体相通, 以便于加热和抽真空, 在所述第二封闭 状态, 所述真空玻璃原板被屏蔽保溫。
本发明的再一方面提供一种真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括以下步骤: 将至少一块真空玻璃原板放置于一运载裝置上, 其中每块真空玻璃 原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置 有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有 一升口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气; 所述运载 裝置包括一屏障, 用该屏障将所述真空玻璃原板包围; 在每块真空玻璃 原板的周边设有密封玻璃;
将所述运载裝置放入一腔体中, 使所述屏障处于一第一打开状态; 使腔体升溫, 达到所述密封玻璃熔化的溫度, 再逐步降溫, 从而以 密封玻璃将所述真空玻璃原板的周边密封;
对所述腔体抽真空, 并保持腔体处于玻璃的排气溫度;
当所述两块玻璃原板之间的空间的真空度达到一预定值时 ' 将所述 开口密封;
将所述屏障处于第二封闭状态, 并将所述运载裝置整体地从所述腔 体中取出。 对附图的简要说明
图 1 是典型的真空玻璃结抅示意图;
图 2A和 2B表示现有技术中的两种真空玻璃制造技术;
图 3A和 3B表示本发明制造方法的两种基本原理; 图 4表示根据本发明的一个优选实施例的多块式真空玻璃制造方法 的工艺流程和制造真空玻璃原板的裝置的示意图, 该装置具有多个连续 的腔室;
图 5表示根据本发明的另一个优选实施例的单块式真空玻璃制造方 法的工艺流程和制造真空玻璃原板的装置的示意图, 该装置具有多个连 续的腔室;
图 6Λ和 6B分別表示本发明的多块式真空玻璃制造方法和制造装置 的两种方式, 其采用一个独立的腔室;
图 7A和 7B分别表示本发明的多块式真空玻璃制造方法和制造裝置 的另外两种方式, 其采用一个独立的腔室。 实现本发明的优选实施例
下面结合附图来详细描述本发明, 这些附图及其说明仅仅是用来说 明本发明的, 它们并非是要对本发明进行任何限定, 本发明的保护范围 由后面所附的杈利要求进行限定。
本发明所说的真空玻璃的制造方法的基本原理如图 3A和 3B所示。 真空玻璃原板 10 包括两块相向放置的玻璃 la, lb . 两块玻璃 la, lb 之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置有多个支撑物 2, 用于维持两块玻璃之间 的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃 la 上有一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形 成的空间相通, 用于抽气。 较理想的是该升口位于该玻璃的周边或角的 附近。该开口可以是多个。用于制造真空玻璃的玻璃可以是常用的玻璃, 例如, 浮法玻璃、 加丝玻璃、 镀膜玻璃、 彩色玻璃等等。 支撑物可以是 常用的支撑物, 例如, 由金属、 陶瓷、 合金等材料钊备的支撑物。
如图 3A所示, 将放置好的真空玻璃原板 10置于一容积足以容纳整 块真空玻璃原板的可密闭腔室如真空室 5 中, 真空室 5通过大口径管道 6与抽真空系统 7相连, 可以在需要时使该室达到所需的真空度。 为此, 首先需要对真空玻璃原板的周边进行密封, 形成完全密闭的周边。 真空 玻璃原板周边的密封可以使用密封玻璃 3, 例如密封玻璃条、 玻璃粉。 采用熔融状态的密封玻璃, 或通过加热密封玻璃 3使其熔化, 来密封真 空玻璃原板 10 的周边。 根据本发明的一个实施方案, 通过加热真空玻 璃原板 10, 使事先放置在真空玻璃原板 10周边的密封玻璃 3熔化而后 降溫使密封玻璃凝固, 来密封真空玻璃原板的周边。 加热溫度为密封玻 璃的熔化溫度或以上。 由于不同的密封玻璃具有不同的熔化溫度, 加热 溫度通常在约 350 °C - 550 °C 。 可以通过电加热或热风加热手段加热真 空玻璃原板。
密封玻璃可以采用常规的密封玻璃, 可以从市场上得到。 本发明优 选的密封玻璃是密封用玻璃粉。 玻璃粉有多种类型, 优选其膨胀系数与 真空玻璃原板匹配的玻璃 ¾v
真空玻璃原板的周边密封后, 需要进行抽真空, 使真空玻璃原板的 内部空间具有所需的真空度。 根据本发明, 真空玻璃原板内部空间的真 空度的改变, 是通过改变真空玻璃原板所在的真空室的真空度来实现。 当真空玻璃原板 10 整体放置于真空'室 5 中吋, 由于玻璃上抽气口的存 在, 真空玻璃原板 10 内部空间中的空气与真空室中的空气可相互流通。 因而, 当真空室的真空度升高吋, 真空玻璃原板 10 内部空间的真空度 也相应提高。
本发明的抽真空步骤可以在真空玻璃原板 10 为室溫吋进行, 也可 在其为高溫吋进行。本发明优选当真空玻璃原板的溫度为高溫吋,如 150 °C以上至所用密封玻璃熔点溫度以下时进行抽真空, 更优选当真空玻璃 原板的溫度为约 300 °C至所用密封玻璃熔点以下溫度时进行抽真空。 在 高溫下抽真空, 有助于两块玻璃内表面吸附的水分充分排出真空玻璃原 板的内部空间。 在本说明书中, 将真空玻璃原板能够对吸附的水等物质 解吸的溫度也称为排气溫度。
当真空玻璃原板 10 内部空间的真空度达到所需的真空度时, 通常 在达到 10— 1 - 10— 'Pa 时, 开始进行封口步骤, 即把真空玻璃原板上的 抽气口进行密封, 制得其内部空间具有所需真空度的真空玻璃 - 封口可 以采用常用的封口方法进行。 根据本发明的一个实施方案, 封口步骤通 过加热熔化抽气口上的玻璃管 4来实现。 该玻璃管 4的一端与抽气口相 接, 另一端与外界相通, 例如其可以伸出玻璃的外表面。 伸出玻璃外表 面的那部分玻璃管越短越好。 加热可以采用, 例如, 电加热裝置, 或红 外线或激光射线裝置来进行 如 Θ 3A 所示, 利用事先置于抽气口 4 上 的加热线图 9通电加热, 使玻璃抽气口熔化封接, 制成合格的真空玻璃。 图 3B与图 3A基本相同, 只是在真空室 5上开一个红外线或激光射线可 穿透的材料, 如石英玻璃窗口 9 ' , 在达到封口条件时, 利用外置的红 外聚光灯或激光器 9 " 加热位于抽气口处的抽气管 4 , 也达到封口的目 的。 也可以直接通过真空室 5 内的红外聚光灯或激光器 (未示出) 加热 抽气管, 也达到封口的目的。
所用的玻璃管可以是普通玻璃管, 也可以是红外吸收玻璃管, 优选 红外吸收玻璃管。
上面所述玻璃管 4的一端与抽气口相连是可以采用多种方式的。 在 本发明的优选方式中, 将玻璃管 4放置在抽气口上, 其与抽气口相接部 位设置密封玻璃, 例如事先压制好的密封玻璃套环, 然后通过加热熔化 密封玻璃来将玻璃管和抽气口相连。.此加热熔化步骤优选地与密封真空 玻璃原板 10的周边的步骤同时进行。
当抽真空是在真空玻璃原板处于高溫状态下进行吋, 抽气密封后得 到的真空玻璃需要逐渐冷却。 冷却可以是自然冷却, 也可以是通过提供 水冷或直接风冷实现均勾冷却。
由于本发明采用了将真空玻璃原板整体放入真空室中进行抽真空的 方法, 因而可以将多块真空玻璃原板放入同一真空室中, 同时抽真空。 根据本发明的方法, 可以一次生产多块真空玻璃, 即将多块真空玻璃原 板同吋进行封边、 抽真空和封口。
本发明的一个实施方案如图 4所示, 多块真空玻璃原板相互有间隔 地放置, 同吋进行封边、 抽真空、 封口步骤, 一次生产多块真空玻璃。
根据本发明的方法, 真空玻璃的生产可以在一个腔室中进行, 也可 以在多个腔室中进行, 分别如图 4 、 5 、 6所示。
本发明的这种真空玻璃制造方法与前述的传统方法相比, 其优点在 于: Π ) 省去了与每一块真空玻璃相连接的抽气管道 (包括玻璃细管 和金属波紋管) , 使抽真空系统与真空室直接匹配, 将整块真空玻璃原 板在封闭的真空室中与真空室一起抽真空, 这样就大大提高了抽真空速 度和效率, 而且简化了操作程序, 便于工业化生产 ; (2 ) 省去了真空 杯方法必须的密封圈, 加热溫度不受到限制, 可以提高烘烤溫度到 300 °C以上, 使真空玻璃的真空度更高、 更稳定; (3 ) 由于不需要为密封 圈留出吸附区域, 抽气口可以制作在真空玻璃的边角位置, 使制成的真 空玻璃制品更为美观; (4 ) 在本发明的优选方式中, 对真空玻璃原板 的真空封边之后, 不需要象在现有技术中那样将溫度下降和出炉之后再 进行封口"^作, 而是利用真空封边的余溫和保持余溫的基础上抽真空和 进行封口操作, 从而具有节能和节约操作时间的效果。
在图 3所示新原理的基础上, 可以采用多种实施方案来完成本发明 所说的制造方法, 从而生产出合格的真空玻璃产品。
图 4和 5示出了一种真空玻璃制造裝置系统, 它包括: 真空玻璃原 板运送部分 30, 例如可以是托架 1 1 , 连续移动或步进式移动的辊式或 帝式输送机 35, 用于运送真空玻璃原板; 加热封边部分 3 1 : 帝有加热 手段 (构件) , 例如可以是常用的电加热或气体加热装置, 用于将放置 好的真空玻璃原板加热到封边用密封玻璃粉熔化溫度; 抽真空部分 32 : 帝有抽真空手段, 例如可以采用常用的抽气泵和管道, 用于在封闭的真 空室中, 将封好边的玻璃原板整体与所说的真空室一起抽真空并达到所 需的真空度; 封口抅件 9 : 例如可以是真空玻璃领域内常用的封口线圈 或红外及激光裝置, 用于将真空玻璃原板上的抽气口封口 ; 冷却部分 33: 例如可以采用常用的气体冷却、 水冷却装置, 用于将封好口的玻璃 板冷却, 由此获得具有所需真空度的真空玻璃。
在图 4所示的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 所说的封口抅件 9是事先固定 在玻璃抽气口 4上的封口线圈, 通过将其通电 (例如交流、 直流或高频) 加热, 从而将玻璃抽气口封口。 也可以是位于所说的真空室 13 上的可 透过红外线或激光射线的窗口 9 ' 以及位于真空室外的红外光或激光加 热裝置 9 " , 通过用其加热该抽气口 '4, 从而将玻璃抽气口封口; 或者 是位于所说的真空室 1 3 内的红外光或激光加热裝罝, 通过用其加¾该 抽气口, 从而将玻璃抽气口封口。
在图 4所示的真空玻璃制造装置中, 所说的运送部分 30是托架 1 1, 用于将至少两块真空玻璃原板、 分层码放并输送, 从而可一次形成多块 - 1 o - 真空玻璃板。 另外所说的运送部分 30 也可以是图 5 所示的连续移动或 步进式移动的辊式或帝式输送帝 35。 图 5 中表示的裝置每次用于输送 一块真空玻璃原板, 并一次形成一块真空玻璃板。
在图 4和 5所示的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 在所说的加热封边部分 31 与抽真空部分 32之间和 /或在所说的抽真空部分 32与冷却部分 33之间 还设有第一緩沖室 15 及第二緩沖室 16 , 用来调节真空度及溫度, 分别 使玻璃板预抽真空和 /或调节溫度由封边溫度达到抽真空溫度以及使封 口后的真空玻璃板进入低真空室和 /或调节溫度以进入冷却室。
在所说的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 在所说的加热封边部分 31 之前还 设有一个预热部分, 以预热放置好的真空玻璃原板。
在所说的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 它还包括溫度测定手段和 /或真空 度测定手段。
在所说的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 所说的部分 31 、 32和 33是指多个 串联的腔室, 例如如图 4和 5 中所示。
另外一种方案是所说的部分 31 、 32和 33均位于一个腔室中, 例如 如图 6A和 B中所示。
下面参照图 4描述一种多块式真空玻璃制造工艺方案。 将放置好的 多块真空玻璃原板 10分层置于运输用托架 1 1 上, 一块真空玻璃原板包 括两块玻璃及其间放置的支撑物 2, 在真空玻璃原板边缘放置了封边用 玻璃粉、 在抽气口处放置了封口用玻璃粉及封口用玻璃管 4及其夹具。 将封口线圈 9事先固定在玻璃板上抽气口 4位置, 并接好电源, 托架先 进入加热室(第一腔体) 12 , 升溫到封边用玻璃粉的熔化溫度, 约 300 - 550 °C左右, 而后降溫使封边用玻璃粉凝固, 完成封边。 托架 1 1 通过任 选的第一緩沖室(第二腔体) 15 进入真空室(第三腔体) 1 3 , 当真空玻璃 原板的溫度在约 300 °C至封边用玻璃粉的熔化溫度以下时, 开始抽真 空, 当真空度达到 10— 10— 'Pa, 更好是达到 10— 2 - 10 - 1 Pa吋' 接通 封口裝置电源 (交流、 直流或高频) 进行封口 . 此后托架 1 1 通过任选 的第二緩沖室(第四腔体) 16 可进入冷却炉(第五腔体) 1 1 进行冷却, 而 后出炉。 这里所说的第一和第二緩沖室 1 5 、 16 的作用是调节真空度及 溫度 , 分別使玻璃板预抽真空和 /或调节溫度由封边溫度达到抽真空溫 度以及使封口后的真空玻璃板进入低真空室和 /或调节溫度由抽真空溫 度达到进入冷却室的溫度。 这两个緩沖室有吋可以省去。
图 5是单块式真空玻璃制造工艺方案。 它与上一种方案的区别仅在 于一次仅成型一块真空玻璃板。 与图 4 中相似, 将放置好的真空玻璃原 板 10 先进入加热室 12封边, 然后进入扁平式真空室 13 抽真空, 此时 可利用真空室外或室内的红外聚光灯或激光射线 9 " 进行封口, 也可以 利用固定在真空室内的封口线圈 9 通电进行封口, 然后进入冷却室 14 冷却出炉。 由于封口线圈不必固定在真空玻璃上, 该方案显然可帝来许 多方便之处。 在该实施方案中也可以采用如上所说的第一和第二緩沖室 15和 16 。
在图 4 和图 5所示的真空玻璃制造裝置中, 在加热室 12之前优选 地设置一个预热室, 从而对裝载的真空玻璃原板 10在进入加热室 12之 前进行预热。
图 6Α和 6Β示意地表示了根据本发明的一个优选实施例采用一个独 立腔体的制造真空玻璃的裝置。 该实施方案与前面两种方案的最大区别 在于上面所说的加热、 抽真空、 冷却等主要步骤均是在一个独立的腔室 中完成的, 它无需采用多个连续的腔室。 在图 6Α 中, 将多块放置好的 真空玻璃原板 10、 分层置于运载裝置, 例如托架 1 1 上, 而后将其放入 真空室 5 中。 真空室 5 配有加热器 8、 隔热层 29、 溫度測定装置 27和 真空度测定裝置 28, 利用加热器 8 将该真空室 5 加热到封边用玻璃粉 的熔化溫度, 约 300 - 550 °C左右, 而后降溫使封边用玻璃粉凝固, 完 成封边。 在降溫到封边用玻璃粉凝固以后, 开始通过抽真空管道 6和抽 真空装置 7抽真空, 当真空度达到 10— l O— iPa , 更好是达到 10— 2 - 10 — 1 Pa 吋, 启动封口机抅, 进行封口, 完成封口后, 将该真空室 5 进行 冷却, 而后出炉。 与图 6A不同的是, 在图 6B中, 原来的加热器 8为冷 热可调风机 8, , 也就是说, 此吋采用热风加热的方式, 同时可以借助 于炉体外的冷风进行冷却。 其余结抅可以保持不变。 这样有助于提高温 度的均匀性及加热效率。 Θ 6A 中加热器 8 也可用冷热可调风机代替。 封口机抅可以为红外灯、 激光器或加热线圈。
请同吋参照图 7A 和 7B , 运载裝置 1 1 上还可以 ¾置具有可开关通 气窗口的屏障 1 Γ , 起到隔热的作用 。 在完成封口后, 真空玻璃成品可 在高溫吋在密闭的屏障保护下栘出腔体均勾降低冷却。 另一个半成品运 载裝置可在腔体处于高溫吋进入腔体, 提高了工效, 降低了能耗。
为了节省能源, 还可以在加热步骤之前, 设置一个预热步骤, 从而 对真空玻璃板进行预加热, 例如可以利用冷却过程的余热进行预热。
本发明的一种优选的真空玻璃剝造装置的结抅和操作结合图 4描 ϋ 如下。 此真空玻璃的制造裝置用于由真空玻璃原板 10 制造真空玻璃, 该真空玻璃原板 10 包括两块相对放置的玻璃 l a, l b - 两块玻璃之间有 一间隔, 该间隔中放置有多个支撑物 2 , 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相 通, 用于抽气。 该装置包括:
一第一腔体 12, 第一腔体 12可达到一第一溫度,例如为 50CTC左右, 在第一溫度适合于对真空玻璃原板进行封边操作;
一第二腔体 15, 第二腔体 15 可达到一第二溫度和第一真空度, 该 第二溫度低于所述第一溫度, 例如为 380 °C左右, 在该第二溫度适合于 玻璃吸附的成分解吸, 该第一真空度 ¾合于将真空玻璃原板初步排气, 例如 10 Pa ; 第二腔体 15 起到与下面描述的第三腔体在溫度和真空度 方面的緩沖作用;
一第三腔体 13, 所述第三腔体 13 可达到一第三溫度和一第二真空 度, 所述第二真空度高于所述第一真空度; 该第三溫度和第二真空度适 合于使得真空玻璃原板的吸附物可以被解吸和排出, 并且使得两块原板 之间的空间在所述开口被密封之后保持一预定的真空度; 该第二真空度 例如为 10 10 Pa , 更好是达到 1 (Γ 2 - 10— 1 Pa。
所述第三腔体 13 还包括一封口抅件 9 , 其适于将所述真空玻璃原 板的开口进行加热密封; 该封口抅件可以为红外灯或激光器, 也可以为 加热线圈;
所述第一腔体 12、 第二腔体 15 和第三腔体 1 3 之间以真空阀门相 3一 连, 从而使得第二和第三腔体保持其真空度。
在优选的方式中, 还包括一与第三腔体 13 以真空阀门相连的第四 腔体 16 , 该第四腔体 16 可达到一第三真空度和一第四溫度, 该第三真 空度低于第二真空度, 该第四溫度低于第三溫度。 该第二真空度例如为 10— ' Pa。
在更优选的方式中, 还包括一与第四腔体 16 以真空阀门相连的第 五腔体 14, 该第五腔体 M 具有一第五溫度和一常压, 该第五溫度低于 第四溫度, 并且该第五腔体的溫度可以以预定的梯度降溫。
在优选的方式中, 在第一腔体 12 之前还可包括一个预热腔体, 用 于对真空玻璃原板 10预热。
在本发明的优选方式中, 上述的封边步骤, 抽真空步骤、 和封口步 骤是在 200 - 550 C的溫度范围内进行的, 更优选是在 300 - 510 °C的溫 度范围内进行的。 此方式的优点之一是在封边步骤后不需要将溫度降低 到很低, 这一方面有节能和节省吋间的效果, 另一方面真空玻璃原板经 受更少的热沖击, 从而成品率高。
在上述优选的裝置中制造真空玻璃吋, 一个优选的操作过程如下所 述。 首先至少一块真空玻璃原板在预热腔体中预热, 以避免其在进入第 一腔体 12 中的过分热沖击。 此真空玻璃原板的外周边已设置密封玻璃, 其抽气口设置密封玻璃和密封用玻璃管。 然后上述结抅进入第一腔体 12, 被加热到密封玻璃熔化溫度, 使得真空玻璃原板的外周密封, 同时 用于密封的玻璃管也被密封地连接在抽气口上。 再将所得结抅输送到第 二腔体 15 , 在此腔体中适当降溫和初步抽真空排气: 所得结抅接着被 输送到第三腔体 13, 在此腔体中进一步排气, 抽高真空, 使得真空度 达到约 l O L l O 'Pa , 更好是达到 10 - 10 - 1 Pa。 此时对密封用玻璃管 加热, 使得其熔化并将抽气口密封。 然后可将所得结构输送到第四腔体 16。 第四腔体具有约 10 'Pa 的真空度, 其与第三腔体以真空密封阀相 连从而不会过分破坏第三腔体的高真空, 特别是可以減少操作时间 . · 最 好将所得结抅输送到第五腔体 1 .1 中进行逐步降溫。 该腔体 1.1为常压环 境, 便于受控制地降溫。 下面结合图 7A和图 7B描述本发明的另一优选实施例的真空玻璃的 制造裝置。 该裝置包括:
一可气密的腔体 5,
一加热部分 8, 其可受操控使得腔体的溫度升高或降低;
一真空系统 7, 用于对腔体 5抽真空;
一运载裝置 1 1 , 其适合于容放多块真空玻璃原板, 每块真空玻璃 原板 10 包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中 放置有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃 上有一开口, 该升口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气;
一封口机抅 9, 其适合于当两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真 空度吋对每块真空玻璃原板 10的开口进行加热密封;
一控制裝置, 其可以控制所述加热部分和所述真空系统的操作; 其中所述运载装置 1 1 包括一将裝好的真空玻璃原板包围的屏障 1 1a .并且所述运载裝置 1 1 能够推入腔体 5和从腔体 5移出,该屏障 1 1a 能够受控制地处于一第一打开状态和一第二封闭状态, 在第一打开状 态, 真空玻璃原板 10与腔体相通, 以便于对真空玻璃原板 10加热和抽 真空, 在第二封闭状志, 真空玻璃原板被屏蔽保溫。
最好是屏障具有可升关的通气窗口, 例如百叶窗式或滑片式的结 抅。 这种屏障在第一打升状态吋, 易于进行加热和抽真空, 并且在打升 的部位可以透过光束, 从而可以利用红外或激光裝置等实现封口操作。
参见图 7A和 7B , 根据本发明的一个优选实施例的一种真空玻璃的 制造方法包括以下步骤:
将至少一块真空玻璃原板放置于一运载装置 5上, 其中每块真空玻 璃原板 10 包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔 中放置有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻 璃上有一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气; 所 述运载裝置包括一屏障, 用该屏障将所述真空玻璃原板包围: 在每块真 空玻璃原板的周边设有密封玻璃; 这吋最好还在开口部位设置一用于密 封的玻璃管 4和处于玻璃管周围的密封玻璃; 在使用加热线圈进行封口 操作的一种优选实施方式中, 还在此步骤设置加热线圈; 将运载裝置 1 1放入一腔体 5 中, 使屏障 1 1 a处于一第一打开状态; 使腔体 5升溫, 达到所述密封玻璃熔化的溫度, 再逐步降溫, 从而 以密封玻璃将真空玻璃原板的周边密封; 如果还如上所述设置用于密封 的玻璃管 4和玻璃管周围的密封玻璃, 那么在此步骤玻璃管也连接在开 σ部位;
对腔体 5抽真空, 并保持腔体处于玻璃的排气溫度;
当两块玻璃原板 10 之间的空间的真空度达到一预定值吋, 将开口 密封; 对开口密封可以采用前文已描述的各种方法;
将屏障 1 1a处于第二封闭状志, 并将运载裝置 1 1 整体地从腔体中 取出。
在取出运载裝置 1 1 之后, 可以将另一已经装载真空玻璃原板的运 载裝置放入腔体。
根据这种方式, 在完成一个运载裝置上的真空玻璃原板的封边操 作、 抽真空排气操作以及封口操作之后, 可以在不对整个腔体 5降溫的 情况下直接将具有由屏障 1 1a 并承载已封好的真空玻璃的运载裝置取 出, 这样另一已裝载的运载裝置可以直接进入尚未降溫的腔体 5 中, 从 而具有高效和节能的效果。 另外由屏障 1 1a 包围并处于腔体 5外面的真 空玻璃的降溫容易控制。 特別是屏障具有第一和第二状态, 这有利于在 从高溫腔体中取出后控制屏障内的降溫速度。
以上仅结合一些优选实施例描述了本发明 , 本领域的技术人员在不 背离后附杈利要求的范围内, 可以作出各种更动和修改。 本发明旨在包 括后附杈利要求范围内的各种等效变化。

Claims

6 ― 杈 利 要 求 书
1.真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括下列步骤:
( 1 ) 真空玻璃原板放置步骤: 将两块玻璃有间隔地相对放置, 并 在该两块玻璃之间放置多个支撑物用于维持该间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃 上有一抽气口, 该抽气口与该两块玻璃形成的内部空间相通;
(2 ) 封边步骤: 将该真空玻璃原板的周边密封, 使得该真空玻璃 原板形成完全密闭的周边;
( 3 ) 抽真空步骤: 在真空室中, 将已封边的真空玻璃原板与该真 空室一起抽真空, 使得该真空玻璃原板的内部空间产生所需的真空度;
(4 ) 封口步骤: 将已抽真空的真空玻璃原板上的抽气口封口, 得 到具有所需真空度的真空玻璃。
2.根据权利要求 1 的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中该封边步骤是采用 密封玻璃, 通过加热该真空玻璃原板使该密封玻璃熔化来进行。
3.根据杈利要求 1 或 2的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中该抽真空步骤 是在该真空玻璃原板处于其排气溫度吋进行的。
4.根据杈利要求 3的真空玻璃的制造方法,其中该排气溫度为约 300 。C至该密封玻璃的熔点以下溫度。
5.根据杈利要求 2的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中该密封玻璃为玻璃 粉。
6.根据杈利要求 2的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中抽气口带有密封用 的玻璃管, 该玻璃管的一端与该抽气口相接, 另一端与外界相通。
7.根据杈利要求 6的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中该玻璃管与该抽气 口用密封玻璃相连。
8.根据杈利要求 3 的真空玻璃的制造方法, 还进一步包括冷却步 骤, 将由封口步骤得到的真空玻璃进行均匀冷却。
9.根据杈利要求 2的真空玻璃的制造方法, 还进一步包括在该封边 步骤前对该真空玻璃原板进行预热
10 · 根据杈利要求 7的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中该玻璃管与该抽 气口用密封玻璃相连的步骤与封边步骤是同吋进行的。
1 1 . 根据杈利要求 10的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所述封边步骤、 所述抽真空步骤和所述封口步骤是在同一可抽真空的可加热的腔体内进 行的。
12 . 根据杈利要求〗 所述的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所述封边步 骤、 所述抽真空步骤和所述封口步骤是在 200 °C - 55CTC的溫度范围内 进行的。
13 . 根据杈利要求 12 所述的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所述封边 步骤、 所述抽真空步骤和所述封口步骤是在 300 °C - 510 °C的溫度范围 内进行的。
14 · 真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括下列步骤:
( 1 ) 真空玻璃原板放置步骤: 将两块玻璃有间隔地相对放置, 并 在该两块玻璃间放置多个支撑物用于维持该间隔, 在该间隔的边缘处放 置封边用密封玻璃粉、 其中至少一块玻璃原板上有一抽气口, 并且在抽 气口上放置封口用玻璃管和玻璃粉;
( 2 ) 加热封边步骤: 包括将放置好的真空玻璃原板加热到封边用 密封玻璃粉熔化溫度, 使得真空玻璃原板形成完全密闭的周边;
( 3 ) 抽真空步骤: 在封闭的真空室中, 将封好边的真空玻璃原板 整体与所说的真空室一起抽真空, 使该真空玻璃原板内的空间产生所需 的真空度;
(4 ) 封口步骤: 通过加热熔化玻璃管将已抽真空的真空玻璃原板 上的抽气口封口;
( 5 ) 冷却步骤: 将封好口的玻璃原板冷却, 由此获得具有所需真 空度的真空玻璃。
15 . 根据杈利要求 M 所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说的封 口步骤是通过向事先固定在玻璃抽气口上的封口线图供电, 使之通电加 热, 从而将玻璃抽气口封口。
16 . 根据杈利要求 14 所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说的封 口步骤是通过所说的真空室上的可透过红外线或激光射线的窗口, 利用 真空室外的红外光或激光加热装置加热该抽气口, 从而将玻璃抽气口封 σ。
17 - 根据杈利要求 14或 15所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说 的放置步骤是将至少两块真空玻璃原板成对、 分层码放, 从而可一次制 造多块真空玻璃板。
18 - 根据杈利要求 1.1 所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说的加 热封边步骤 (2 ) 与抽真空步骤 (3) 之间和 /或在所说的封口步骤 (4) 与冷却步骤 (5 ) 之间还设有第一緩沖步骤及第二緩沖步骤, 以调节真 空及溫度, 分別使玻璃原板预抽真空和 /或调节溫度使之由封边溫度达 到抽真空溫度以及使封口后的真空玻璃原板进入低真空室和 /或调节溫 度使之进入冷却室。
19 . 根据杈利要求 14 所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说的加 热封边步骤 (2 ) 之前还设有一个预热步骤, 以预热放置好的真空玻璃 原板。
20 - 根据杈利要求 14、 15、 16、 17 之一所说的真空玻璃原板制造 方法, 其中所说的步骤 (2 ) - ( 5 ) 均是在一个腔室中完成的。
21 - 根据杈利要求 15 - 19中任意一个所说的真空玻璃的制造方法, 其中所说的步骤 (2 ) - ( 5 ) 是在多个串联的腔室中分别完成的。
22 . —种真空玻璃的制造装置, 它包括:
一可气密的腔体, 其适合于容放多块真空玻璃原板, 每块真空玻璃 原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置 有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有 一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气;
一加热部分, 其可受操控使得腔体的溫度升高或降低;
一真空系统, 用于对所述腔体抽真空;
一封口机抅, 其适合于当两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空 度吋对每块真空玻璃原板的开口进行加热密封;
一控制裝置, 其可以控制所述加热部分和所述真空系统的操作, 使 得所述腔体可以处于至少以下阶段: a.真空玻璃原板的封边阶段, 此阶段腔体溫度达到一密封玻璃的熔 化溫度, 并且处于常压;
b.抽真空阶段, 此阶段腔体处于可使真空玻璃原板充分排气的溫 度, 并使两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空度。
23 - 根据权利要求 22 所述的装置, 其中所述封口机抅为激光器, 所述裝置还包括冷却机抅, 使得裝置内的溫度可以按照预定的梯度降
24 · 一种真空玻璃的制造装置, 用于由真空玻璃原板制造真空玻璃, 该真空玻璃原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该 间隔中放置有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一 块玻璃上有一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气; 所述裝置包括:
一第一腔体,所述第一腔体可达到一第一溫度, 在所述第一溫度适 合于对真空玻璃原板进行封边操作;
一第二腔体, 所述第二腔体可达到一第二溫度和第一真空度, 该第 二溫度低于所述第一溫度, 在该第二溫度适合于玻璃吸附的成分解吸, 该第一真空度适合于将真空玻璃原板初步排气;
一第三腔体, 所述第三腔体可达到一第三溫度和一第二真空度, 所 述第二真空度高于所述第一真空度; 该第三溫度和第二真空度适合于使 得真空玻璃原板的吸附物可以被解吸和排出, 并且使得所述两块原板之 间的空间在所述升口被密封之后保持一预定的真空度;
所述第三腔体还包括一封口抅件, 其适于将所述真空玻璃原板的开 口进行加热密封;
所述第一腔体、 第二 体和第三腔体之间以真空阀门相连, 从而使 得第二和第三腔体保持其真空度。
25 - 根据杈利要求 2.1 所述的裝置, 还包括一与第三腔体以真空阀 门相连的第四腔体, 该第四腔体可达到一第三真空度和一第四溫度, 该 第三真空度低于第二真空度, 该第四溫度低于第三溫度,
26 . 根据杈利要求 25 所述的裝置, 还包括一与第四腔体以真空阀 门相连的第五腔体, 该第五腔体具有一第五溫度和一常压, 该第五溫度 低于第四溫度, 并且该第五腔体的溫度可以以预定的梯度降溫。
27- 根据杈利要求 26 所述的裝置, 其中所述第一真空度和所述第 三真空度在 10- 'Pa数量級, 所述第二真空度在 10―1 - 10— 'Pa数量級。
28.根据杈利要求 24所说的装置, 其中所说的封口抅件是位于玻璃 抽气口之上的线圈, 通过将其通电加热, 从而将玻璃抽气口封口。
29.根据杈利要求 24所说的装置, 其中所说的封口抅件是红外光或 激光加热装置。
30.根据杈利要求 24所说的裝置, 其中在所说第一腔体之前还设有 一个预热部分, 以预热真空玻璃原板。
31.根据杈利要求 2'1 - 30 中任意一个所说的裝置, 其还包括一个用 于输送真空玻璃原板的可控制的输送机抅。
32. 用于实施前面杈利要求 1 -21之一所说方法的真空玻璃制造装 置, 它包括:
(i) 真空玻璃原板运送部分, 用于运送真空玻璃原板;
(ii) 加热封边部分; 带有加热手段, 用于将放置好的玻璃原板加 热到封边用密封玻璃粉熔化溫度;
(iii) 抽真空部分: 帝有抽真空手段和封闭的真空室, 用于将封 好边的玻璃板整体与所说的真空室一起抽真空并达到所需的真空度; (iv) 封口部分: 用于将真空玻璃原板上的抽气口封口 ;
(v) 冷却部分: 用于将封好口的玻璃板冷却, 由此获得具有所需 真空度的真空玻璃。
33- 一种真空玻璃的制造裝置, 它包括:
一可气密的腔体,
一加热部分, 其可受操控使得腔体的溫度升高或降低;
一真空系统, 用于对所述腔体抽真空:
一运载装置, 其适合于容放多块真空玻璃原板, 每块真空玻璃原板 包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置有多 个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有一开 口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气; 一封口杌抅, 其适合于当两块玻璃之间形成的空间达到预定的真空 度时对每块真空玻璃原板的升口进行加热密封;
一控制裝置, 其可以控制所述加热部分和所述真空系统的操作; 其中所述运载裝置包括一将裝好的真空玻璃原板包围的屏障, 并且 所述运载装置能够推入所述腔体和从所述腔体移出, 该屏障能够受控制 地处于一第一打开状态和一第二封闭状态, 在所述第一打开状态, 所述 真空玻璃原板与所述腔体相通, 以便于加热和抽真空, 在所述第二封闭 状志, 所述真空玻璃原板被屏蔽保溫。
34 - 根据杈利要求 33 所述的裝置, 其中所述屏障具有可开关的通 气窗口, 该通气窗口打开是该屏障处于第一打开状态, 该通气窗口关闭 时, 该屏障处于第二封闭状态。
35 . —种真空玻璃的制造方法, 包括以下步骤:
将至少一块真空玻璃原板放置于一运载裝置上, 其中每块真空玻璃 原板包括两块相向放置的玻璃, 两块玻璃之间有一间隔, 该间隔中放置 有多个支撑物, 用于维持两块玻璃之间的间隔, 其中至少一块玻璃上有 一开口, 该开口与两块玻璃之间形成的空间相通, 用于抽气; 所述运载 裝置包括一屏障, 用该屏障将所述真空玻璃原板包围; 在每块真空玻璃 原板的周边设有密封玻璃;
将所述运载裝置放入一腔体中, 使所述屏障处于一第一打开状态; 使腔体升溫, 达到所述密封玻璃熔化的溫度, 再逐步降溫, 从而以 密封玻璃将所述真空玻璃原板的周边密封;
对所述腔体抽真空, 并保持腔体处于玻璃的排气溫度;
当所述两块玻璃原板之间的空间的真空度达到一预定值吋, 将所述 开口密封;
将所述屏障处于第二封闭状态, 并将所述运载裝置整体地从所述腔 体中取出。
36 . 根据杈利要求 35所述的方法, 其中在取出所述运载裝置之后, 将另一已经裝载真空玻璃原板的运载裝置放入腔体。 37 - 根据杈利要求 35 所述的方法, 其中在将所述运载裝置放入所 述腔体之前, 在所述开口部位还设置密封用玻璃管和密封玻璃, 从而在 后面密封真空玻璃原板的周边的同时也将该密封用玻璃管焊接在开口 上。
PCT/CN1999/000129 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 The method for manufacturing vacuum glazing and its application mechanical system Ceased WO2001016045A1 (en)

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CNB998015539A CN1263698C (zh) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 真空玻璃的制造方法及其装置
EP99939904A EP1216971A1 (en) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 The method for manufacturing vacuum glazing and its application mechanical system
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