WO2001029200A1 - DNA ENCODING ENDO-β-GALACTOSIDASE - Google Patents
DNA ENCODING ENDO-β-GALACTOSIDASE Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001029200A1 WO2001029200A1 PCT/JP2000/007347 JP0007347W WO0129200A1 WO 2001029200 A1 WO2001029200 A1 WO 2001029200A1 JP 0007347 W JP0007347 W JP 0007347W WO 0129200 A1 WO0129200 A1 WO 0129200A1
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- dna
- galactosidase
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/001—Preparations to induce tolerance to non-self, e.g. prior to transplantation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12N9/2468—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1) acting on beta-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. carrageenases (3.2.1.83; 3.2.1.157); beta-agarase (3.2.1.81)
- C12N9/2471—Beta-galactosidase (3.2.1.23), i.e. exo-(1-->4)-beta-D-galactanase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
- C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12Y302/01023—Beta-galactosidase (3.2.1.23), i.e. exo-(1-->4)-beta-D-galactanase
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DNA encoding an end / 1 / 3-galactosidase, a recombinant vector incorporating the DNA, and a DNA encoding the DNA.
- the present invention also relates to a transformant transformed with a recombinant vector, and a method for producing an end-/?-Galactosidase using the transformant.
- the present invention also relates to an organ treating agent containing end / 5-galactosidase, and an organ obtained by treating an organ with the treating agent.
- End-galactosidase (hereinafter referred to as “end-galactosidase C”) from Clostridium perfringens (Clostridium perfringens) is composed of Gal ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3Gal? This enzyme acts on the 1 ⁇ 4GlcNAc sequence to cut the Gal /? 1 ⁇ 4GlcNAc bond, but does not act on the Gal 1 ⁇ 3 (Fuc 1 ⁇ 2) Gal 31 ⁇ 4GlcNAc sequence. No. 8383). This enzyme is useful as a reagent for analysis.
- an object of the present invention is to isolate endogenous DNA encoding galactosidase C, and to purify end-5-galactosidase C in a pure form at low cost and in a large amount by genetic engineering techniques. It is to provide to.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an end- / 3-galactosidase that is very useful for xenotransplantation. — To provide an organ treating agent containing ZeC, and to provide an organ useful especially in xenotransplantation.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, isolated a DNA encoding Nindo /?-Galactosidase C, clarified the nucleotide sequence thereof, and furthermore, The present invention was completed by confirming the expression of end-3-galactosidase C, which has enzymatic activity.
- the present invention provides DNA encoding the following protein (A) or (B) (hereinafter, also referred to as “DNA of the present invention”).
- amino acid sequence (A) one or several amino acids have a substituted, deleted, inserted or transposed amino acid sequence, and an endogenous 5-galactosidase.
- a protein having activity In the amino acid sequence (A), one or several amino acids have a substituted, deleted, inserted or transposed amino acid sequence, and an endogenous 5-galactosidase.
- a protein having activity In the amino acid sequence (A), one or several amino acids have a substituted, deleted, inserted or transposed amino acid sequence, and an endogenous 5-galactosidase.
- the present invention relates to the DNA, wherein the DNA comprises an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids have been substituted, deleted, inserted or rearranged in the amino acid sequence (A);
- the present invention provides DNA, wherein the protein having 5-galactosidase activity is a protein having an amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 35 to 845 in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- DNA examples include the following DNA (a) or (b).
- a DNA comprising a base sequence consisting of base numbers 246 to 278 of the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 DNA having all or a part of the nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence consisting of nucleotide numbers 246 to 278, and stringent conditions DNA that hybridizes underneath and encodes a protein with end-/?-Galactosidase activity.
- DNA examples include the following DNA (a) or (b).
- the fat invention provides a recombinant vector incorporating the DNA of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as “the recombinant vector of the present invention”). Furthermore, the present invention provides a transformant obtained by introducing the DNA of the present invention or the recombinant vector of the present invention into cells (hereinafter, also referred to as “transformant of the present invention”).
- the present invention is characterized in that the transformant of the present invention is grown to express DNA encoding endogenous galactosidase, and the produced endogenous / galactosidase is collected.
- the production method of the present invention a method for producing galactosidase (hereinafter, also referred to as the “production method of the present invention”).
- the present invention provides an organ treating agent (hereinafter, also referred to as “the treating agent of the present invention”) containing end-5-galactosidase.
- the treating agent of the present invention is preferably an agent for treating an organ for transplantation, and the organ to be treated is preferably an organ expressing a single galactose antigen.
- Such organs for transplantation are preferably organs of bush, and more preferably organs for transplantation into humans.
- a kidney is a preferred example.
- the present invention also provides an organ obtained by treating an organ expressing a single galactose antigen with the treating agent of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as “the present organ”).
- the present invention is characterized in that rejection reaction due to a mono-galactose antigen is suppressed, characterized in that an organ expressing a mono-galactose antigen is treated with endo-/-galactosidase.
- a method for producing an organ for transplantation is provided.
- DNA of the present invention is a DNA encoding the following protein (A) or (B).
- a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- DNA encoding the protein of (A) is preferable.
- a protein comprising an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids have been substituted, deleted, inserted or transposed, and which has an end-/-galactosidase activity Does not substantially impair the activity of cleaving the Gal / 51 ⁇ 4GlcNAc bond by acting on the Gai-> 3Gai-l ⁇ 4GlcNAc sequence at the end of glycoconjugates (end-galactosidase activity) 1 Indicates that several amino acid residues may have substitution, deletion, insertion or transposition.
- proteins have amino acid substitutions in their amino acid sequences due to polymorphisms and mutations in the DNA encoding them, as well as modification reactions during production of the protein in vivo and during purification. It is known that mutations such as deletion, insertion, and transposition can occur, but nevertheless, some of them exhibit physiological and biological activities substantially equivalent to those of proteins having no mutation. Thus, DNA encoding a protein having a slight difference in structure but no significant difference in its function is also encompassed in the present invention.
- mutants can be produced.
- a protein in which a certain cystine residue is replaced with a serine residue in the amino acid sequence of human interleukin 2 (IL-2) retains IL-12 activity ( Science, 224, 1431 (1984)).
- certain proteins are known to have peptide regions that are not required for activity. For example, signal peptides present in extracellularly secreted proteins and prosequences found in proteases precursors, etc. Removed on conversion.
- Such proteins have a primary structure Although these proteins exist in different forms in terms of structure, they ultimately have the same function, and DNAs encoding such proteins are also included in the present DNA.
- a protein having an amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 35 to 845 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is a protein lacking a portion corresponding to amino acid numbers 1 to 34 (which is considered to correspond to a signal sequence). But retains the end-/?-Galactosidase activity. Therefore, DNAs encoding such proteins are included in the DNA of the present invention.
- severe amino acids refers to, for example, about 2 to 40, preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 40 in the case of a protein consisting of 800 amino acid residues. Indicates a number of 10 or less.
- the end-/-galactosidase activity is determined by the difference between the red blood cells and vascular endothelial cells (Gal 1 ⁇ 3Gal 51 ⁇ 4GlcNAc sequence is present on the surface) and Gal 1 ⁇ It can be measured by a measurement method using a lectin that specifically recognizes the 3Gal structure.
- an enzymatic reaction was carried out using Gal 3Gal 51-4GlcNAc-l-3Gal-l_4Glc as a substrate, and the enzymatic reaction product was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) or mass spectrometry.
- Analyzing by analysis or the like can also measure the endogenous 5-galactosidase activity. Therefore, those skilled in the art can easily substitute, delete, insert, or transpose one or several amino acids that do not substantially impair the end-5-galactosidase activity as an indicator based on the presence or absence of the activity. Can be selected. Substitution, deletion, insertion or rearrangement of one or several amino acid residues that do not substantially impair end-galactosidase activity can occur under natural conditions, or can occur artificially in the amino acid residue. It can be obtained by introducing a nucleotide substitution, deletion, insertion or transposition into the DNA encoding the sequence, which causes such a substitution, deletion, insertion or transposition.
- nucleotide substitution, deletion, insertion, or transposition synthesize a sequence that has both ends of the restriction enzyme at both ends and synthesize both sides of the mutation point, and replace it with the corresponding part of the base sequence of the unmutated DNA. Can be introduced into DNA.
- site-directed mutagenesis Kramer, W. and Frits, HJ, Meth. In Enzymol., 154, 350 (1987); Kunkel, TA et al., Meth. In Enzymol., 154, 367 (198 7 )
- nucleotide substitutions, deletions, insertions, or translocations be able to.
- the DNA of the present invention is, for example, a DNA containing the nucleotide sequence represented by nucleotide numbers 246 to 2780 in SEQ ID NO: 1, and is preferred.
- the DNA of the present invention is complementary to the nucleotide sequence consisting of nucleotide numbers 246 to 2780 of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 as long as the encoded protein has end-5-galactosidase activity.
- stringent conditions refer to conditions under which so-called specific hybrids are formed and non-specific hybrids are not formed (Sambrook, J. et al., Molecular Cloning).
- stringent conditions include the conditions used for normal gene hybridization, for example, screening using Southern blots, Northern blots, and hybridization. The conditions used for etc. are included. Specifically, if it is clear, 50% formamide, 5 x SSPE (20 x SSPC: 3.6 M sodium chloride, 0.2 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.7), 20 mM EDTA sodium Um), the conditions for hybridizing at 42 ° C in the presence of 5 x Denhardt's solution, 0.1% SDS.
- DNAs having different nucleotide sequences due to degeneracy of the genetic code are included in the DNA of the present invention. This is easily understood by those skilled in the art.
- the present invention also includes a DNA or RNA complementary to the DNA of the present invention.
- the DNA of the present invention may be a single strand of only a code strand encoding Nin-5 / 5-galactosidase C, or a DNA having a nucleotide sequence complementary to this single strand.
- the strand may also be a double-stranded RNA strand.
- the DNA of the present invention having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is originally derived from Clostridium perfringens, but the origin is not limited and naturally includes DNA produced by genetic engineering techniques, chemical synthesis, or the like.
- a DNA in which the DNA of the present invention is linked to a DNA having a certain function or encoding another protein is included in the DNA of the present invention as long as the DNA of the present invention is retained.
- “t” of the nucleotide number 660 is “c”
- the amino acid residue at position 139 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2 is “Ser” may be "Pro”.
- the DNA of the present invention is included as long as the encoded protein has the activity of endo3-galactosidase.
- the DNA of the present invention was obtained for the first time by the following genetic engineering techniques.
- the source of the DNA of the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it retains endogenase / galactosidase C, but specific examples include Clostridium perfringens ATCC 10873.
- the strain is available from the American 'Evening Eve' Culture 'collection (12301 Parkland Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States of America). The strain has been deposited by the present applicant with the Research Institute of Life Science and Industrial Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the accession number FERM P-8917.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention is obtained by incorporating the DNA of the present invention into the vector.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention can be introduced into an appropriate cell or the like, whereby the various functions of the DNA of the present invention can be exhibited.
- the vector into which the DNA of the present invention is incorporated should be as long as it can incorporate the DNA of the present invention.
- expression vectors are preferred.
- the DNA of the present invention may be directly expressed, or may be expressed as a fusion polypeptide with another polypeptide. When expressed as a fusion polypeptide with another polypeptide, it is preferable to incorporate the DNA of the present invention into an expression vector in which DNA encoding the other polypeptide has previously been integrated.
- DNA of the present invention may be expressed in full length, or may be partially expressed as partial peptides.
- the DNA of the present invention can be appropriately processed according to the desired expression form and incorporated into the expression vector.
- the transformant of the present invention can be obtained by introducing the DNA of the present invention or the recombinant vector of the present invention into cells.
- the cell into which the DNA of the present invention or the recombinant vector of the present invention can be introduced is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the function of the DNA of the present invention or the recombinant vector of the present invention.
- prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli and eukaryotic cells such as mammalian cells are exemplified.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention obtained by incorporating the DNA of the present invention into an expression vector includes mammalian cells, COS-7 cells when fresh, Escherichia coli (E. coli B12 cells, etc.), and insect cells. It can be introduced into a host cell suitable for gene expression, such as a plant cell or the like, and is preferable.
- the production method of the present invention is characterized in that the transformant of the present invention is grown to express DNA encoding endoh-galactosidase, and the produced end-5-galactosidase is collected. This is a method for producing end-galactosidase. Culture is most preferred as a specific method for growth, but it can also be grown in animals and plants or as animals and plants themselves.
- the transformant of the present invention is cultured in a suitable medium, and the DNA of the present invention encodes the transformant.
- the transformant of the present invention is cultured in a suitable medium, and the DNA of the present invention encodes the transformant.
- end-galactosidase By producing and accumulating end / galactosidase in the culture, and collecting the enzyme from the culture, end-galactosidase can be produced.
- endo- / galactosidase will accumulate in the cells.
- endoh 5-galactosidase is collected from the cells. I do.
- the end / galactosidase accumulates in the medium. In that case, the end /?-Galactosidase is collected from the medium.
- the growth conditions of the transformant of the present invention include the conditions under which the host cell into which the DNA of the present invention or the recombinant vector of the present invention has been introduced (culture medium, culture conditions, etc.), the form of the polypeptide to be expressed, and the like. Depending on the situation, it can be appropriately selected. For example, when C0S-7 cells are used as host cells, the cells can be cultured at 37 ° C. in a DMEM medium containing about 2% of fetal calf serum (FCS). When Escherichia coli is used as a host cell, for example, a medium appropriately prepared using LB medium or the like as a main component can be used.
- end-5-galactosidase when it is intended to express end-5-galactosidase as a fusion polypeptide with protein A and purify it using specific affinity with IgG, It is preferable to remove IgG from FCS added to the medium in advance.
- the removal of IgG can be performed by bringing FCS into contact with a specific ligand of IgG, for example, a carrier supporting protein A, and performing solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid phase.
- End- / galactosidase can be collected by appropriately combining known enzyme extraction and purification methods. Enzyme extraction methods include homogenization, glass bead milling, sonication, osmotic shock; extraction by cell disruption such as removal, freeze-thawing, detergent extraction, or a combination of these. Are mentioned.
- Methods for purifying end-galactosidase include salting out with ammonium sulfate (ammonium sulfate) and sodium sulfate, centrifugation, dialysis, ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. , Affinity chromatography, electrophoresis, and the like, and combinations thereof.
- ammonium sulfate ammonium sulfate
- sodium sulfate sodium sulfate
- centrifugation dialysis
- ultrafiltration ultrafiltration
- ion exchange chromatography ion exchange chromatography
- gel filtration gel filtration.
- electrophoresis electrophoresis
- the extraction and purification steps can be facilitated by expressing the endo / galactosidase as a fusion polypeptide with another polypeptide.
- the DNA of the present invention is expressed as a fusion polypeptide with protein A
- the fusion polypeptide is secreted into the culture supernatant, which eliminates the need for an extraction operation.
- a carrier carrying a ligand for example, IgG
- purification can be performed in one step.
- end-galactosidase C having enzyme activity can be expressed by growing the transformant of the present invention under appropriate conditions. Therefore, the production method of the present invention can be used for large-scale preparation of end- and / or-galactosidase C having enzymatic activity.
- the treating agent of the present invention is an organ treating agent containing end-/-galactosidase.
- the organ of the present invention is an organ obtained by treating an organ expressing a galactose antigen with the treating agent of the present invention.
- the DNA of the present invention and endoh / 5-galactosidase produced therefrom can be used for xenotransplantation.
- a sugar chain having a 3Gal structure Hi-galactose antigen
- the Gal-1-3Gal structure can be removed by treating the tissue of the tubing with the endo- / galactosidase produced by the DNA of the present invention, or it can be added to the cells of the bus (such as ES cells).
- the DNA of the present invention into pigs that do not express the Gal-3Gal structure (such as clones), it can be used for xenotransplantation.
- the major antigen responsible for hyperacute rejection in xenografts is the human surface galactose antigen.
- One galactose antigen has a Gal-l-3Gal structure Antigen.
- the Gal-1-3Gal structure does not exist at the sugar chain end of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Therefore, strong natural antibodies against this structure have been generated.
- most mammals, including humans have a Gal-3Gal structure, for example, when a porcine organ is transplanted into a human, natural antibodies bind to this protein on vascular endothelial cells and become complement-dependent. A hyperacute rejection is caused and blood vessels are destroyed.
- the treatment agent of the present invention removes this galactose antigen by the action of end-galactosidase to such an extent that acute rejection by the antigen is eliminated, thereby preventing hyperacute rejection. It is something to prevent.
- the endogen / galactosidase contained in the treatment agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an enzyme capable of removing a galactose antigen (Gal 1-3Gal structure). Enzymes that can remove single galactose antigen from the 1-3Gal / 5l-4GlcNAc structure are preferred. Among these enzymes, the end-/?-Galactosidase C is preferred because of its action efficiency, its optimum pH around neutrality, and its effective action even at low temperatures. . In particular, the endo / galactosidase C produced by the DNA of the present invention can be suitably used.
- the treating agent of the present invention is preferably used for treating an organ for transplantation, and is preferably used for treating an organ expressing a hypergalactose antigen.
- the organ treated with the treatment agent of the present invention is preferably transplanted to a mammal that does not express a single galactose antigen on the cell surface.
- the organ for transplantation treated with the treatment agent of the present invention is preferably a bush organ which is expected to be applied to xenotransplantation into humans, and is an organ for transplantation into humans. I especially like it.
- the organ include a kidney, a liver, a heart, a lung and the like, and a kidney is preferred.
- the dosage form of the treating agent of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the mode of using the treating agent of the present invention.
- it can be formulated as a liquid preparation, a perfusion preparation, a solid preparation for dissolution before use, and the like.
- the form when the treating agent of the present invention is provided as a liquid, the form may be either a solution or a frozen form. This can be filled into an appropriate container such as a bottle or a drug solution bag and sealed. • It can be distributed or stored as it is for use.
- the form When provided as a solid preparation, the form is not limited, as long as the endo /?-Galactosidase is stable. Examples of the form include freeze-drying and spray-drying.
- the preparation of the treatment agent of the present invention can be performed by a known method.
- other pharmaceuticals may be used as long as they do not adversely affect end-/-galactosidase and do not affect the effects obtained by end-/-galactosidase treatment.
- Active ingredients conventional excipients, stabilizers, binders, lubricants, emulsifiers, osmotic agents, pH adjusters, buffers, isotonic agents, preservatives, coloring agents, disintegrators, etc.
- components commonly used in medicine can be used.
- the treatment agent of the present invention can be used for the purpose of suppressing hyperacute rejection at the time of organ transplantation. That is, the treatment agent of the present invention is extremely preferably used for suppressing a hyperacute rejection reaction in kidney xenotransplantation.
- An organ isolated for organ transplantation is perfused with the treating agent of the present invention, and the removed organ is brought into contact with the treating agent of the present invention to be retained / preserved on the vascular endothelial cells of the organ.
- Hi-galactose antigen is removed by the action of end-5-galactosidase, which can suppress hyperacute rejection during transplantation.
- the treatment agent of the present invention can be used not only for organs already extracted for transplantation but also for organs to be extracted for transplantation.
- the organ to be excised and its surroundings may be perfused or filled with the treating agent of the present invention to extract the organ in the treating agent of the present invention.
- the amount of the endo / galactosidase in the treatment agent of the present invention depends on the method of use of the treatment agent of the present invention, the type, size, condition, storage time, temperature, etc. of the organ to be preserved. Although it is a matter to be determined in particular, it is not particularly limited, and about 0.05 to 5 units / mi (about 0.005 mg / nil to 0.5 mg / ml) in a liquid state is exemplified. The definition of “unit” will be described later.
- the temperature of the treating agent of the present invention at the time of treating an organ can be individually determined according to the method of use, etc., but the treating agent of the present invention can be maintained in a solution state without freezing, It can maintain its function and maintain the enzyme activity of endoh / galactosidase. Moderate temperatures are preferred.
- Endo 5-galactosidase C is preferable because it works effectively even at a low temperature, and in this case, it is preferable to use a low temperature, for example, about four.
- an organ from which the galactose antigen has been removed (the organ of the present invention) can be obtained.
- the removal of one galactose antigen means that it is not necessary to remove all the one galactose antigen present in the organ, and to the extent that hyperacute rejection is not substantially induced. It means that it should be removed.
- the galactose antigen present on the vascular endothelial cells of the organ is substantially removed. It is preferable that it is something.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of analysis of fluorescent red-activated cellulase (FACS) of red erythrocytes treated with endo-galactosidase C.
- FACS fluorescent red-activated cellulase
- end-one /? - to galactosamine Toshida Ichize C treated with blanking evening cell is a diagram showing a decrease in the binding of the GS- IB 4 and human immune Guropuri down.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the effect of End-5-galactosidase C on complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a decrease in the adsorptivity of immunoglobulin in human plasma to the kidney blood vessels treated with end-/?-Galactosidase C. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
- Clostridium perfringens ATCC10873, FERM P-8917
- the protein was purified by ammonium sulfate salting out, Sephadex G-200 (Pharmacia) column chromatography, followed by DEAE-Sephadex A-25 (Pharmacia) column chromatography.
- the purified protein was subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and the gel after the electrophoresis was stained with Coomassie-Prilian Table.
- a band corresponding to a molecular weight of 90,000 was cut out, digested with trypsin, the digested fragments were separated by high performance liquid chromatography, and the partial amino acid sequence of each fragment was analyzed using Protein Sequencer ABI494A (ABI). . As a result, the following four types of amino acid sequences were obtained.
- DENEYVLTNVLNGLIPTTNSK SEQ ID NO: 6
- the following PCR primers were prepared based on these amino sequences.
- PCR polymerase 'chain' reaction
- genomic DNA extracted from Clostridium perfringens (ATCC10873, FERM P-8917) by a conventional method as type II.
- the PCR was carried out at 94 ° C (1 minute) / 45 ° C (1 minute) / 72 ° C (2 minutes) for 35 cycles following the holding at 94 ° C (3 minutes).
- the obtained amplification product was ligated to a cloning vector pGEM-T Easy Vector Systems (promega) for nucleotide sequence determination, and the nucleotide sequence was sequenced by the dideoxy method using ABI Prism 377 DNA sequencer (ABI). Analyzed. As a result, a partial cDNA (1946 bp) containing sequences encoding the above four amino acid sequences was obtained.
- both sides of the 5 'and 3' were treated with Hindlll-cassette (Yukara Shuzo; code number 3870). G PCR was performed.
- the primers used here are as follows.
- Cassette PCR consists of 30 cycles of a reaction at 94 ° C (30 seconds) / 55 ° C (2 minutes) / 72 ° C (1 minute). went.
- the full-length cDNA was amplified by PCR using the following primers (CP-5 and CP-6) prepared based on the information in 3> above. After maintaining the PCR at 94 ° C (1 minute), 30 cycles of 94 ° C (30 seconds) / 55 ° C (2 minutes) / 72 ° C (1 minute) were performed.
- 5′-RACE was performed using CP-CP-2 and the following primers to confirm the base sequence.
- the cDNA for the coding region is a pcDSA expression vector (FEBS Letters, 360, pl-4 (1995) and J. Biol. Chem., Which incorporates the IgM signal peptide and protein A gene and has an SR promoter. , 269 (2), pp. 1402-1409 (1994)) at the EcoRI / XhoI site.
- the obtained plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells using LIPFECT AMINE PLUS Reagent (manufactured by Gibco BRL). Transfection was performed in DMEM medium without FCS.
- the cells after the transfection were cultured in DMEM medium containing 2% of fetal calf serum (FCS) from which IgG was adsorbed and removed using Protein A Sepharose C-4B (Pharmacia) (48 x 10 cm dishes) ). After collecting the culture solution up to 3 days later, it was cultured in a new medium up to 5 days later, and the culture solution was recovered.
- FCS fetal calf serum
- the collected culture solution (approximately 800 ral) was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was filtered with a 0.8- ⁇ m filter. Approximately 100 ml of the supernatant was added in IgG Sephaose 6 Fast Flow (Pharmacia; 6.5 bandages). x 10 mm) to collect the adsorbed fraction. The collected adsorption fraction was concentrated using Centricon 10 (manufactured by Amicon) and stored at -80 ° C. (2) enzyme activity
- the cells were washed twice with PBS (-) (pH 7.4) containing 0.02% EDTA, and the blood cells were sufficiently suspended to prepare a 1% blood cell suspension with PBS (-) containing 0.2% BSA.
- the blood cells (1% blood cell suspension 50 ⁇ 1) prepared in (i) were placed in a tube and centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 1 minute. The supernatant was removed, 100 ⁇ l of PBS (-) containing 0.2% BSA was added to the precipitate (blood cells) to suspend the blood cells, and the enzyme solution expressed in the above (1) (1 ⁇ 1 Or 8 ⁇ 1) or PBS (-) as a control. After that, it was incubated at 37 days for 1-2 hours.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention prepared using the DNA of the present invention, the transformant of the present invention prepared using the recombinant vector of the present invention, and the method of the present invention using the transformant of the present invention are truly practical. It was shown to be relevant and useful. Furthermore, it was shown that treatment with end-5-galactosidase can remove the single-galactose antigen.
- the enzyme reaction was carried out in a 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) 10-1 containing 20 ⁇ g of Gal_3Gai 51-4GlcNAc5i-3Galn_4Glc (Calbiocheni). Was. After incubation at 37 ° C for 30 minutes, the reaction was stopped by adding 20 ⁇ i of ethanol.
- the cDNA containing the coding region was ligated to an expression vector pFLAG-Shifti (Sigma), which produces a gene product secreted into periplasm. ) Is expressed as a periplasmic enzyme under the control of the ⁇ gene.E.coii B12 cells are transformed with this recombinant gene, and ampicillin, 0.4%
- the cells were cultured in 2 L of LB medium containing glucose, and the expression of ⁇ was induced by adding O.lmM IPTG (isopropyi 5-D-thiogalactopyranoside) to the medium.
- O.lmM IPTG isopropyi 5-D-thiogalactopyranoside
- the plate was further washed with a solution containing Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) and ImM EDTA.
- the cells collected by centrifugation were suspended in 25 (kL of ice-cold pure water to release the enzyme from periplasm. The cells were released by centrifugation at 3,500 xg for 10 minutes at 4 ° C. The supernatant containing S-element was collected and analyzed by Biol. Chem., 262, 10086-10092 (1987).
- the enzyme fraction was purified by column chromatography using Sephadex G-200 (2.7 ⁇ 100 cm) and DEAE-Sephadex A-25 (1.0 ⁇ 10 cm) (both manufactured by Pharmacia) according to the method described in (1). The purified enzyme fraction contained approximately 700 / g protein. The above steps were repeated to produce a large amount of enzyme.
- the purified enzyme fraction was analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE; 8% gel), and as a result, a major band with an apparent molecular weight of 95 kDa and a minor band in close proximity to it ( 97 kDa) was found.
- SDS-PAGE SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- Analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the major band (95 kDa) revealed DENE YV L (—letter code: corresponding to amino acid numbers 35 to 41 in SEQ ID NO: 2).
- DENE YV L (—letter code: corresponding to amino acid numbers 35 to 41 in SEQ ID NO: 2).
- amino acid numbers 1 to 34 in SEQ ID NO: 2 there are hydrophobic amino acid clusters typically found in the signal sequence.
- the portion of amino acids 1 to 34 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is a signal sequence
- a major band 95 kDa
- a protein lacking this signal sequence amino acid number 35 in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the minor band (97 kDa) is considered to be a protein with a signal sequence.
- the enzyme I ⁇ was completed as described above, using 4 milunit end-5 / 5-galactosidase C.
- the recombinant enzyme obtained in (1) above hydrolyzes the pentasaccharide (Gai-Hitto 3Gal-4GlcNAc-l-3Gal31-4Glc), and the two oligosaccharides separated by TLC was released.
- Gal-3 1-3Gal 4GlcNAc 51-3Gal / 51-4Glc (20 ⁇ g) was hydrolyzed with 10 ⁇ L of 30 mM NaCl with 4 microliters of enzyme at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes. After terminating the enzyme reaction with 20 ⁇ L of ethanol, the reaction solution was mixed with 1.5 times the volume of 83% acetonitrile containing 17 mM ammonium acetate.
- Mass spectrometry was performed using a Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer API 300 (Perkin Elmer Sciex Instruments) equipped with an electrospray ion source. Samples were injected directly into the Electroport spray 'ion' source at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / hr. The spray was obtained with a potential difference of 4.8 KV.
- the cloned enzyme was endogen / -galactosidase C, which hydrolyzed the Gal51-4GlcNAc bond to release the Gal3Gal disaccharide.
- the specific activity of this enzyme was 10.5 units / mg protein, indicating that this enzyme has strong activity.
- the protein amount of the purified enzyme was determined using a Micr0 BCA protein assay reagent kit (Pierce) using bovine serum albumin as a standard.
- this purified enzyme fraction was substantially free of protease, hyalgalactosidase, 5-galactosidase, and / 5-N-acetylglucosaminidase.
- This recombinant enzyme has an optimal p ⁇ 70-8.0, which is the same as the optimal pH of the enzyme obtained from the culture of perfringens (J. Biol. Chem., 262, pl0086-10092 (1987)). there were. Further, the enzyme activity at 4 ° C was about 40% of the activity at 37 ° C.
- PBS / BSA means PBS ( ⁇ ) containing 0.2% BSA.
- Red erythrocytes were prepared in the same manner as in 5> above.
- Busun's vascular endothelial cells were isolated from Busun by the method described in Transplantation 62, pl05-113 (1996). The cells were collected with Triscine-EDTA (Gibco BRL), washed twice with PBS / BSA, and suspended again in PBS / BSA. ? (1) in a recombinant E down dough / yield - added galactopyranoside Bok fern Ichize C (7 0 Mi Riyuni' DOO in PBS at 7 ⁇ L) in vascular endothelial cells (2Xl0 5 cells / 50 ⁇ L) Then, the enzyme reaction was performed at 37 ° C for 1 hour.
- erythrocytes or endothelial cells were washed twice with PBS / BSA and reacted with FITC-labeled G or human serum.
- cells were suspended in 50 ⁇ L of PBS / BSA containing 1 ⁇ g of FITC-GS-IB sigma) and kept under ice cooling for 30 minutes.
- the washed cells were incubated with 100 l of pooled normal human serum (diluted 1: U in PBS / BSA) from 50 healthy volunteers.
- the cells were washed twice with PBS / BSA, and 100 ⁇ L of FITC-conjugated heron anti-human IgG, IgM or IgA (Dako; each with PBS / BSA). (Diluted 1:20) for 30 minutes under ice-cooling.
- FITC-conjugated mouse monoclonal anti-human IgG ⁇ Zymed), IgG 2, IgG 3, or IgG4 was also used.
- the stained red blood cells or endothelial cells were washed twice with PBS / BSA, suspended in 0.5 mL of PBS / BSA and analyzed by FACS (FACS Calibur; Becton Dickinson).
- Porcine vascular endothelial cells were seeded one day prior to Atsushi in a 96-well culture plate: 2 IX 10 'cells / well. After washing with PBS (-), the cells were incubated in 70 l of 50 l Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing the recombinant endogenated 5-galactosidase C obtained in (1) above. And incubated for 2 hours. Control cells were incubated under enzyme-free conditions. Cells were washed twice and incubated for 1 hour at 37 ° C with 25% or 50% normal human dishes (50 ⁇ L) diluted in PBS (-). Human serum collected from 10 healthy volunteers was used as a pool.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing a decrease in the binding of GS- ⁇ ⁇ to human immunoglobulin to pig cells treated with recombinant end / 3-galactosidase C.
- a and C show experiments using erythrocytes, and B and D show experiments using vascular endothelial cells.
- the thick line in the figure shows the result after the enzyme treatment, and the thin line shows the result before the enzyme treatment.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of endo /?-Galactosidase C on complement-dependent cytotoxicity. In FIG. 3, the shaded bars show the results without enzyme treatment, and the black bars show the results with enzyme treatment. The average of three assays is shown with the standard error.
- Kidneys were perfused from Mesuvah (cross-breeding stock; body weight 10-12 kg) crossbred in Landrace / Yorkshire with saline and the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution (Transplantatio n 45, p673-676 (1988)). Later, it was removed using normal surgical techniques.
- the right kidney was perfused ex vivo twice with a flow of gravity (1 ⁇ g) using lOOraL cold UW; 3 ⁇ 4 containing 45.1 units of end-15-galactosidase C.
- the left kidney was perfused without enzyme. Both kidneys were stored in the perfusate for 4 to 4 hours. The reaction was carried out in step 4 because the low temperature is preferable for preserving the tissue, and the endogenous 5-galactosidase C works effectively even at low temperature.
- Biopsies were performed just before 1 h and 4 h after perfusion. Then, the kidney, 3 Perfused twice with 100 mL of fresh human frozen plasma from a healthy volunteer. For histological examination, biopsy samples were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodate Schiff staining. Samples were also immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, stained with FITC-GS-IB4, and observed under a fluorescence microscope.
- the human plasma used for perfusion was collected, and the level of the remaining immunoglobulin was analyzed by FACS using the porcine erythrocytes described above.
- Perfused human plasma was collected and reacted with red erythrocytes, and then reacted with a FITC-conjugated antibody against human immunoglobulin.
- the stained red blood cells were analyzed by FACS.
- Figure 4 shows the results. The results are shown as relative values when the average fluorescence intensity when using plasma before perfusion was set to 100%.
- the white bar in Fig. 4 shows the results using plasma before perfusion, the shaded bars show the results when perfused only with the enzyme-free solution, and the black bars perfused with the enzyme-containing solution. The results when doing so are shown below. The average of three independent experiments is shown, along with the standard error. The results were analyzed by Student's T-test. * In FIG. 4 indicates significant at P ⁇ 0.05. As a result, the enzyme-treated kidney had significantly less IgM binding than the kidney treated with the enzyme-free solution. On average, 31% of IgM binding activity remained in human plasma in non-enzymatically treated human kidney (FIG. 4). On the other hand, 64% of the enzyme-treated kidney remained on average (Fig. 4). This difference was statistically significant. This result indicates that large amounts of IgM-bound antigen epitope were removed by end-/?-Galactosidase C digestion.
- end-5-galactosidase C can be prepared inexpensively and in large amounts by genetic engineering.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention prepared using the DNA of the present invention includes: Useful for large-scale preparation of dogalactosidase C.
- the treatment agent of the present invention removes, in advance, a human galactose antigen that is expressed in an organ such as bushu, and transplants this organ into a human monkey or the like (which does not express a human galactose antigen). It is extremely useful because it can suppress hyperacute rejection during xenotransplantation. In particular, it is extremely useful for treating such kidneys for transplantation.
- the organ of the present invention obtained by treating with the treating agent of the present invention is extremely useful as such an organ for xenotransplantation.
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/111,349 US7060483B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-10 | DNA encoding endo-β-galactosidase |
| DE60036722T DE60036722D1 (de) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-20 | ELIMINIERUNG VON GAL ALPHA 1-3 GAL von SCHWEIN GEWEBE MITTELS ENDO-BETA-GALAKTOSIDASE C |
| EP00969963A EP1225220B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-20 | Elimination of gal alpha 1-3 gal from swine tissue with endo-beta-galactosidase c |
| JP2001532185A JP4588279B2 (ja) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-20 | エンド−β−ガラクトシダーゼをコードするDNA |
| US11/407,596 US7393672B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2006-04-20 | DNA coding for endo-β-galactosidase |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11/300795 | 1999-10-22 | ||
| JP30079599 | 1999-10-22 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10111349 A-371-Of-International | 2000-10-20 | ||
| US11/407,596 Division US7393672B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2006-04-20 | DNA coding for endo-β-galactosidase |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001029200A1 true WO2001029200A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
Family
ID=17889201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2000/007347 Ceased WO2001029200A1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-20 | DNA ENCODING ENDO-β-GALACTOSIDASE |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7060483B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1225220B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4588279B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60036722D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2001029200A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9420770B2 (en) | 2009-12-01 | 2016-08-23 | Indiana University Research & Technology Corporation | Methods of modulating thrombocytopenia and modified transgenic pigs |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6352877A (ja) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-03-07 | Seikagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | 新規エンド−β−ガラクトシダ−ゼ及びその製造法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6342877A (ja) | 1986-08-11 | 1988-02-24 | Canon Inc | サ−マル式記録装置 |
| JPH05502157A (ja) | 1989-09-18 | 1993-04-22 | ブリガム アンド ウィメンズ ホスピタル | グループb連鎖球菌3型莢膜オリゴ糖の酵素学的産生及び回収 |
| US5925541A (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1999-07-20 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Endo-β-galactosidase |
| JP3856405B2 (ja) | 1997-01-27 | 2006-12-13 | 明治乳業株式会社 | α−ガラクトシダーゼおよびガラクトオリゴ糖の製造法 |
-
2000
- 2000-10-10 US US10/111,349 patent/US7060483B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-20 WO PCT/JP2000/007347 patent/WO2001029200A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2000-10-20 DE DE60036722T patent/DE60036722D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-20 EP EP00969963A patent/EP1225220B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-20 JP JP2001532185A patent/JP4588279B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-04-20 US US11/407,596 patent/US7393672B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6352877A (ja) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-03-07 | Seikagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | 新規エンド−β−ガラクトシダ−ゼ及びその製造法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| H. OGAWA ET AL.: "Molecular cloning of endo-beta-galactosidase C and its application in removing alpha-galactosyl xenoantigen from blood vessels in the pig kidney", J. BIOL. CHEM., vol. 275, no. 25, June 2000 (2000-06-01), pages 19368 - 19374, XP002936767 * |
| See also references of EP1225220A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1225220A4 (en) | 2003-06-11 |
| EP1225220B1 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| JP4588279B2 (ja) | 2010-11-24 |
| DE60036722D1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
| US7393672B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
| EP1225220A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
| US7060483B1 (en) | 2006-06-13 |
| US20060177427A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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