WO2002073093A1 - Four, notamment four tunnel - Google Patents
Four, notamment four tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002073093A1 WO2002073093A1 PCT/FR2002/000797 FR0200797W WO02073093A1 WO 2002073093 A1 WO2002073093 A1 WO 2002073093A1 FR 0200797 W FR0200797 W FR 0200797W WO 02073093 A1 WO02073093 A1 WO 02073093A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oven
- air
- enclosure
- products
- cooked
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21B—BAKERS' OVENS; MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR BAKING
- A21B1/00—Bakers' ovens
- A21B1/02—Bakers' ovens characterised by the heating arrangements
- A21B1/24—Ovens heated by media flowing therethrough
- A21B1/245—Ovens heated by media flowing therethrough with a plurality of air nozzles to obtain an impingement effect on the food
Definitions
- the present invention presents an oven, in particular a tunnel oven.
- Tunnel ovens are used in industrial processes to cook products to be cooked. Such ovens are found, for example, in the food industry.
- Traditional tunnel ovens include a horizontal conveying system on which products to be cooked are positioned, as well as a heating system acting on the top of the product and / or on the bottom of it.
- the present invention relates to tunnel ovens in which the transfer of energy from the heating system to the products to be cooked is carried out in a natural way, that is to say that it does not relate to microwave or microwave ovens. induction. It applies both to tunnel ovens in which the products to be cooked move during cooking as well as ovens where the products to be cooked remain stationary during cooking.
- Energy is then supplied by radiation and / or conduction and / or convection. Radiant heating is performed when the product to be cooked is exposed to a hot source. The latter then emits electromagnetic waves, generally located in the infrared, which propagate towards the products to be cooked, the latter absorbing the energy transported by these waves.
- the hot source can be a radiator, the direct flame of a burner rail, an electrical resistance, etc.
- Conduction heating is carried out when the product to be cooked is brought into direct contact with a hot source.
- a heat exchange is then carried out between the hot source and the product to be cooked.
- Various thermal parameters are used to characterize this exchange.
- convection is a heating mode in which energy is supplied to the product to be cooked by heat exchange between air or another fluid moving around the product to be cooked.
- the air is heated by a hot source and comes into contact with the product to be cooked.
- the heat exchange between the air and the product depends in particular on the speed of the air, its temperature, its humidity and the surface of the product, as well as on the thermal parameters. suitable for the product to be cooked.
- the three cooking modes are implemented in an oven. However, one of these three modes is generally dominant.
- the oven chosen will be an oven in which a mode of heat transmission, radiation, conduction or convection will be favored.
- some products do not support convection at all at the start of cooking but accept strong convection during a subsequent cooking phase.
- a first type of tunnel oven heats the products to be cooked essentially by radiation.
- the air inside a furnace of this type is circulated by ventilated air circuits and the turbulence is weak.
- the second type of oven promotes convection. To do this, heated air is blown at high speed into the oven.
- the oven enclosure is then a high turbulence zone favoring a very good heat exchange between the air there and the products to be cooked so that the energy input by radiation becomes negligible.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an oven, in particular a tunnel oven, of simple structure which makes it possible to carry out either radiant heating or high turbulence heating by convection.
- an oven according to the invention will make it possible to carry out any combination of these two types of heating.
- the oven, in particular tunnel oven which it proposes comprises an enclosure intended to receive products to be cooked on a substantially horizontal plane, means for blowing air at high speed into the oven as well. as air heating means, the oven enclosure having on the one hand air inlets allowing the injection of air inside thereof and on the other hand air outlets for recycling it.
- means are provided for directing the hot air either towards a plate facing the products to be cooked in order to heat it, or towards the interior of the enclosure.
- the oven makes it possible to carry out a cooking by radiation while if the hot air is directed towards the interior of the oven, this air, in a preferably turbulent flow, will cause the cooking of the products to be cooked by convection.
- the air can be directed partially towards the plate and partially towards the enclosure, the distribution of the air being able to be carried out continuously between the two destinations. It is thus possible to distribute the power used for cooking at will between a power emitted by radiation and a power emitted by convection.
- the oven advantageously has an intake air intake duct upstream of the enclosure.
- the oven according to the invention comprises for example a first chamber connected to the enclosure of the oven by the air inlets and a second chamber having a dividing wall with the enclosure of the oven and means are designed to distribute the blown hot air between these two chambers in variable proportions.
- the chamber having a dividing wall with the enclosure of the furnace is preferably arranged between the enclosure of the furnace and the chamber connected to the enclosure of the furnace by the air inlets.
- the oven comprises a box having three superimposed chambers, a third chamber being disposed between the first and second chambers, that first tubular sleeves connect the first chamber to the enclosure of the oven by crossing the third and second chambers, and that second tubular sleeves connect the third chamber with the oven enclosure, these second sleeves corresponding to the air outlets from the oven enclosure.
- the means for directing the air comprise sleeves fixed to the plate intended to be heated and arranged at the level of openings made in the plate and the plate is sliding between a first position in which the openings of the plate are on the one hand facing the openings made in the oven enclosure to allow the injection of hot air and on the other hand facing the air outlets and a second position in which the openings of the plate are offset from the openings allowing hot air to be injected into the oven and from the air outlets.
- the plate is for example mounted on slides and moves parallel to the conveying plane of the products to be cooked.
- the oven can be heated on the one hand from the top and on the other hand from the bottom.
- the present invention relates more particularly to tunnel ovens comprising conveyor means intended to move the products to be cooked in the oven in a substantially horizontal plane but also applies to ovens in which the products to be cooked are stationary during cooking.
- FIG. 1 diagrammatically represents an oven according to the invention operating as a radiating oven
- FIG. 2 diagrammatically shows the oven of FIG. 1 in high turbulence operating mode
- Figure 3 shows the oven of Figures 1 and 2 in mixed operating mode
- Figures 4 to 6 are schematic views corresponding respectively to Figures 1 to 3 for a second embodiment of an oven according to the invention.
- FIGS 1 to 3 show a first oven according to the invention so schematic in three distinct operating modes.
- the structure of this oven resembles that of a high turbulence oven of the prior art.
- an air circuit is established inside an oven enclosure.
- the oven according to the invention shown diagrammatically in the drawing there is an enclosure 2 crossed by a horizontal conveying device 4 on which are placed products to be cooked 6. These circulate at a lower wall 8 of the enclosure 2.
- the upper wall 10, opposite the lower wall 8, comprises on the one hand air inlets 12 allowing the injection of air inside the enclosure 2 and on the other hand air 14.
- the upper wall 10 constitutes a partition between the enclosure 2 of the oven and a pressure chamber 16.
- the air inlets 12 provide communication between the pressure chamber 16 and the enclosure 2 of the oven.
- Each air outlet 14 is connected to a pipe 18, on the side opposite to the enclosure 2 of the tunnel oven, pipe 18 which guides the air leaving the oven to lead it to a manifold 20.
- the pipes 18 pass through the pressure chamber 16 while the collector 20 is placed outside this chamber 16.
- the air collected in the collector 20 is sucked by a turbine 22 represented schematically by a propeller, which sucks the air in the collector 20 to send it under pressure, via a conduit 24, in the chamber under pressure 16.
- Heating means 26 are provided for heating the air sent by the turbine 22 into the pressure chamber 16. All types of heating means can be used here. It may be one or more electrical resistances, a gas burner, an exchanger, etc.
- the volume of the conduit 24 and of the chamber 16 is large and constitutes an intake manifold for the air sent by the turbine 22 to the oven.
- the tunnel oven according to the invention shown in the drawing also comprises a plate 28 disposed substantially parallel to the upper wall 10 of the enclosure of the oven.
- This plate 28 is slidably mounted inside the enclosure 2 of the oven, the sliding taking place in a substantially horizontal plane.
- the sliding takes place parallel to the conveying direction of the products to be cooked 6.
- the plate 28 is provided with openings 30.
- Each opening 30 corresponds either to an air inlet 12 or to an air outlet 14. These openings 30 have the same dimensions as the corresponding inlets 12 or outlets 14.
- the positioning of the inputs 12 and outputs 14 as well as the sliding direction of the plate 28 are chosen so that during the sliding of the plate 28, the openings 30 are in a first position each facing an input 12 or output 14 corresponding and in a second position facing a solid part of the upper wall 10.
- Means can be provided for sealing between on the one hand the inlets 12 and outlets 14 and on the other hand the openings 30.
- the plate 28 is spaced from the upper wall 10. Between this plate 28 and the upper wall 10 there is a space 32 sufficient to allow an air passage. Means are provided to ensure a relative seal at the ends of the plate 28 between the space 32 and the enclosure 2 of the oven. These means are shown schematically in the drawing by bellows but any other means can be considered here.
- sleeves 34 are provided at each opening 30.
- Each sleeve provides air guidance between an inlet 12 and a corresponding opening 30 or between an opening 30 and a corresponding outlet 14 .
- These sleeves 34 extend towards the inside of the enclosure 2 so as to guide the air injected therein towards the products to be cooked 6, thus promoting their cooking.
- the tunnel oven operates in radiating mode.
- the air turbulence inside the enclosure 2 is limited and the cooking of the products to be cooked 6 is carried out essentially by radiation. This radiation is caused by the heating of the plate 28.
- hot air is sent under pressure to the pressure chamber 16. Taking into account the pressure prevailing in this chamber 16, the air is injected outside this room by the air inlets 12.
- the openings 30 are offset from the inlets 12 and outlets 14. The hot air injected through the inlets 12 therefore cannot penetrate into the part of the enclosure 2 of the oven containing the products to be cooked 6 but remains confined to the space 32 located between the plate 28 and the upper wall 10. This hot air then comes to heat the plate 28 which radiates towards the products to be cooked 6.
- the tunnel oven according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in turbulent operation.
- the products to be cooked 6 are then essentially cooked by convection.
- the plate 28 is positioned such that each opening 30 faces either an inlet 12 or an outlet 14.
- the pressurized air being in the chamber 16 is injected through the inlets 12 and, taking into account the position of the plate 28, passes directly through the openings 30 via the sleeves 34.
- This hot air is then found in the enclosure 2 of the oven in contact with the products to be cooked 6.
- the hot air circulates in the enclosure 2 and exits through the openings 30 which face the outlets 14.
- the air is sucked in by the turbine 22 towards the manifold 20 being in vacuum via the pipes 18.
- the tunnel oven cooks the products to be cooked 6 both by convection (turbulence) and by radiation.
- the plate 28 is here in an intermediate position between the positions shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- part of the air injected through the inlets 12 flows into the space 32 located between the upper wall 10 and the plate 28 and part of this air is injected in turbulent mode into the enclosure 2 of the oven in the vicinity of the products to be cooked 6.
- the air injected in space 32 comes to heat the plate 28 which then radiates towards the products to be cooked 6 while the air injected directly towards the products to be cooked 6 cooks the latter by convection.
- this tunnel oven has a simple structure and makes it possible to carry out both convection heating and radiation heating.
- the displacement of the plate 28 can be achieved by any means. It can be a manual setting or an automatic setting. In the latter case, it is possible to carry out, within the same oven for the same set of products to be cooked, cooking both by radiation and by convection.
- the sliding of the plate 28 makes it possible to vary over a very wide range the proportion of cooking energy sent to the products to be cooked by convection and the proportion of energy sent to the products to be cooked by radiation.
- the description given above shows heating of the products to be cooked from above. A completely identical system can be implemented for bottom heating of the products to be cooked.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 schematically represent a second embodiment of an oven according to the invention. Elements similar to those of the first embodiment use the same references as those given in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the enclosure 2 comprises a lower wall 8 and an upper wall 10 having air inlets 12 and air outlets 14.
- the oven comprises a box close to the upper wall 10. This box is divided into three chambers.
- a first chamber 50 in the upper position in the drawing, is connected by first sleeves 52 to the oven enclosure.
- a second chamber 54 is adjoining enclosure 2 of the oven. The limit between this second chamber 54 and the enclosure of the furnace is produced by the upper wall 10.
- a third chamber 56 is arranged between the first and second chambers. The second 54 and third 56 chambers are connected to the manifold 20 while the first 50 and second 54 chambers are supplied with air by the conduit 24.
- a flap 58 distributes air between the first 50 and second 54 chambers.
- the three chambers 50, 54 and 56 are sealed relative to each other.
- the first sleeves 52 are fixed on a plate making the separation between the third and the first chamber and pass through the second and third chambers to connect the enclosure 2 of the furnace to the first chamber 50.
- Second sleeves 60 connect the enclosure 2 of the oven in the third chamber 56.
- This third chamber 56 also called convection return chamber thus receives air from the enclosure of the furnace 2 and has an outlet to the manifold 20.
- the second chamber 54 is also called the radiation chamber. It is the one with one face, the upper wall 10, facing the products to be cooked 6. This chamber 54 is connected on one side to the intake pipe 24 and on the other side to the manifold 20 of return.
- the first chamber 50 forms an intake manifold supplying the first sleeves 52, or ejection nozzles, for sending the air blown by the turbine 22 into the enclosure 2 of the furnace.
- the tunnel oven according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in radiative transfer mode.
- Air turbulence inside enclosure 2 is limited to those due to natural convection and the cooking of the products to be cooked 6 is carried out essentially by the field of radiation emitted by the upper wall 10.
- This radiation is caused by heating -by hot air led into the radiation chamber by the flap 58 completely raised from the wall 10 which constitutes the lower part of the radiation chamber.
- the hot air is sent under pressure directly to the radiation chamber 54. It therefore cannot penetrate into the part of the enclosure 2 of the oven containing the products to be cooked 6 but remains confined to the second chamber 54.
- This hot air then comes to heat the wall 10 which radiates towards the products to be cooked 6.
- the air is returned by the manifold 20. This recycled air is sucked in by the turbine 22 in order to be heated by the heating means 26 and to be reinjected in driving 24.
- the arrows in solid line symbolize the circulation of air while the arrows in dotted lines symbolize the radiation emitted by the wall 10 in the direction of the products to be cooked 6.
- the tunnel oven according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in turbulent convective transfer mode.
- the products to be cooked 6 are then essentially cooked by convection.
- the hot pressurized air led into the first chamber 50 by the flap 58 completely lowered, is ejected by the nozzles 52. It then passes directly into the enclosure 2 of the oven in contact with the products to cook 6.
- the hot air circulates in the enclosure 2 and leaves via the outlets 14 in the convection return chamber 56. The air is sucked in by the turbine 22 towards the collector 20 being in vacuum.
- the tunnel oven according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in mixed transfer mode.
- the tunnel oven cooks the products to be cooked 6 both by convection (turbulence) and by radiation.
- the flap 58 is here in an intermediate position between the positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- part of the air injected through line 24 circulates in the first chamber 50 and is injected in turbulent mode into the enclosure. 2 from the oven to the products to be cooked 6.
- the other part of air is injected into the radiation chamber 54 and comes to heat the wall 10 which then radiates towards the products to be cooked 6 while the air ejected directly towards the products to be cooked 6 cooks the latter by convection.
- this tunnel oven has a simple structure and makes it possible to carry out both convection heating and radiation heating.
- the movement of the flap 58 can be achieved by any means. It can be a manual setting or an automatic setting. In the latter case, it is possible to carry out, in the same oven, for the same set of products to be cooked, cooking both by radiation and by convection with a mixture of the two modes variable at will during the same cooking cycle. .
- the movement of the flap 58 makes it possible to vary over a very wide range the proportion of cooking energy sent to the products to be cooked by convection and the proportion of energy sent to the products to be cooked by radiation.
- the description given above shows heating of the products to be cooked from above. A completely identical system can be implemented for bottom heating of the products to be cooked.
- a conveying device is provided.
- the heating system of the oven is independent of the conveying of the products to be cooked and the technique described above can also relate to ovens in which the products to be cooked are stationary.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02718243A EP1368595B1 (fr) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-03-06 | Four, notamment four tunnel |
| DE60214983T DE60214983T2 (de) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-03-06 | Ofen, insbesondere tunnelofen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR01/03372 | 2001-03-13 | ||
| FR0103372A FR2822227B1 (fr) | 2001-03-13 | 2001-03-13 | Four, notamment four tunnel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002073093A1 true WO2002073093A1 (fr) | 2002-09-19 |
Family
ID=8861039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2002/000797 Ceased WO2002073093A1 (fr) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-03-06 | Four, notamment four tunnel |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1368595B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE340972T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60214983T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2272692T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2822227B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002073093A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014053745A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-04-10 | Mecatherm | Dispositif de cuisson pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie ou similaire |
| FR3055771A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-16 | Mecatherm | Module de cuisson de four tunnel lineaire pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie et similaires et four tunnel lineaire comportant au moins un tel module |
| JP2019534696A (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-12-05 | メカサーム | ベーカリー製品、デニッシュペストリー、及び類似の製品のオーブン調理用モジュール、並びに、当該モジュールを少なくとも1つ備える直線型トンネルオーブン |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0211996D0 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2002-07-03 | Apv Systems Ltd | Ovens |
| DE102015217446A1 (de) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Werner & Pfleiderer Industrielle Backtechnik Gmbh | Backofen sowie Backanlage mit einem Backofen |
| CA3076938C (fr) | 2017-10-06 | 2022-03-08 | Omachron Intellectual Property Inc. | Appareil de cuisson d'aliments et element de stockage de chaleur |
| FR3088172B1 (fr) | 2018-11-08 | 2020-12-18 | Le Fournil Du Val De Loire | Procede et installation de fabrication d'un produit sans croute de la famille du pain |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0419213A2 (fr) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-03-27 | Patentsmith Ii, Inc. | Four à convection à retour d'air réglé |
| US6049066A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-04-11 | Wilson; W. Robert | Concentric air delivery and return oven |
-
2001
- 2001-03-13 FR FR0103372A patent/FR2822227B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-03-06 AT AT02718243T patent/ATE340972T1/de active
- 2002-03-06 ES ES02718243T patent/ES2272692T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-06 EP EP02718243A patent/EP1368595B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-06 DE DE60214983T patent/DE60214983T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-06 WO PCT/FR2002/000797 patent/WO2002073093A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0419213A2 (fr) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-03-27 | Patentsmith Ii, Inc. | Four à convection à retour d'air réglé |
| US6049066A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-04-11 | Wilson; W. Robert | Concentric air delivery and return oven |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014053745A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-04-10 | Mecatherm | Dispositif de cuisson pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie ou similaire |
| FR2996414A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-04-11 | Mecatherm | Dispositif de cuisson pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie ou similaire |
| FR3055771A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-16 | Mecatherm | Module de cuisson de four tunnel lineaire pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie et similaires et four tunnel lineaire comportant au moins un tel module |
| WO2018051027A1 (fr) | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-22 | Mecatherm | Module de cuisson de four tunnel linéaire pour produits de boulangerie, viennoiserie et similaires et four tunnel linéaire comportant au moins un tel module |
| JP2019528723A (ja) * | 2016-09-14 | 2019-10-17 | メカサーム | ベーカリー製品、ペストリー等のための直線型トンネルオーブン用の調理モジュール、及び、そのようなモジュールを少なくとも1つ備える直線型トンネルオーブン |
| US11278030B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2022-03-22 | Mecatherm | Cooking module for a linear tunnel oven for bakery products, pastries and the like, and linear tunnel oven comprising at least one such module |
| JP7141389B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 | 2022-09-22 | メカサーム | ベーカリー製品、ペストリー等のための直線型トンネルオーブン用の調理モジュール、及び、そのようなモジュールを少なくとも1つ備える直線型トンネルオーブン |
| JP2019534696A (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-12-05 | メカサーム | ベーカリー製品、デニッシュペストリー、及び類似の製品のオーブン調理用モジュール、並びに、当該モジュールを少なくとも1つ備える直線型トンネルオーブン |
| US11140905B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2021-10-12 | Mecatherm | Oven cooking module for bakery, Danish pastry and similar products and linear tunnel oven comprising at least one such module |
| JP7203020B2 (ja) | 2016-09-30 | 2023-01-12 | メカサーム | ベーカリー製品、デニッシュペストリー、及び類似の製品のオーブン調理用モジュール、並びに、当該モジュールを少なくとも1つ備える直線型トンネルオーブン |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2822227A1 (fr) | 2002-09-20 |
| FR2822227B1 (fr) | 2003-12-05 |
| DE60214983D1 (de) | 2006-11-09 |
| EP1368595B1 (fr) | 2006-09-27 |
| EP1368595A1 (fr) | 2003-12-10 |
| DE60214983T2 (de) | 2007-02-22 |
| ES2272692T3 (es) | 2007-05-01 |
| ATE340972T1 (de) | 2006-10-15 |
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