WO2002082562A2 - Hybridmembran-polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzelle - Google Patents
Hybridmembran-polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002082562A2 WO2002082562A2 PCT/DE2002/000648 DE0200648W WO02082562A2 WO 2002082562 A2 WO2002082562 A2 WO 2002082562A2 DE 0200648 W DE0200648 W DE 0200648W WO 02082562 A2 WO02082562 A2 WO 02082562A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell according
- membrane
- rubber
- molecular sieve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel cell, comprising at least the following components:
- a generic fuel cell is described in detail, for example, in the following publications, namely DE-A-36 40 108, DE-A-195 44323, WO-A-94/09519, US-A-5 292 600 and in "Spectrum of Science” ( July 1995), pages 92 to 98.
- Fuel cells are electrochemical energy converters and comparable to battery systems that convert stored chemical energy into electricity. In contrast to today's conventional power generators, electricity is generated in a fuel cell without the detour via heat generation.
- the heart of the fuel cell is the membrane, which may only be permeable to hydrogen ions (protons).
- protons On the one hand, hydrogen flows past catalysts (eg platinum catalysts) and is split into protons and electrons, on the other hand air or pure oxygen.
- the protons pass through the membrane and together with the electrons acting as useful current, combine with the oxygen to form water, which remains as the only waste material.
- the hydrogen releases the electrons at one electrode, the oxygen at the other electrode.
- Plastic membranes are currently used in fuel cells.
- the relevant materials are in particular polysulfones (DE-A-198 09 119), thermoplastic polyether ketones and polytetrafluoroethylene with sulfonic perfluorovinyl ether side chains (Nafion 117-DuPont).
- a hybrid membrane is a combination system made up of a technical and a biological material.
- the technical material is the matrix, while the channel-forming protein (membrane protein) forms the biological material.
- the matrix of the membrane is a polymer material, preferably a thermoplastic, an elastomer or thermoplastic elastomer.
- thermoplastic is preferably based on a halogenated and / or sulfonated polyalkene, in particular in turn a halogenated and / or sulfonated polyethylene.
- an elastomer based on a rubber with a non-polar or polar character can also be used, the following types of rubber being used in particular:
- EPDM Ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer
- FKM fluororubber
- Chloroprene rubber (2-chlorobutadiene-1,3; short form: CR) chlorobutyl rubber (short form: CNR) bromobutyl rubber (short form: BIIR) nitrile rubber (short form: NBR) acrylate rubber (short form: ACM)
- thermoplastic elastomers in particular in connection with the materials mentioned above, can also be used, the proportion of the thermoplastic component being> the proportion of the elastomer component.
- the protein as a biological material which should be temperature-resistant up to 100 ° C, in particular up to 130 ° C, includes in particular the following groups:
- Microorganisms can also be used as proteins, again comprising in particular the following groups:
- Halobacterium halobium especially bacteriorhodopsin
- microorganisms are killed after growth and inclusion in the membrane.
- the matrix additionally contains a carrier material for the protein, in particular a molecular sieve with a high crystal water content, namely with at least 100 moles of crystal water.
- a carrier material for the protein in particular a molecular sieve with a high crystal water content, namely with at least 100 moles of crystal water.
- the sodium-aluminum-silicate of the following formula should be mentioned in particular:
- the molecular sieve is loaded with the protein as part of a partial dehydration, to be precise with the formation of a molecular sieve / protein adduct. Part of the crystal water is therefore removed and replaced by the protein. This measure increases the proton conductivity as well as the structural strength of the membrane.
- the hybrid membrane can be used for a low-temperature fuel cell (operating temperature: ⁇ 100 ° C).
- 3a, 3b the proton translocation across the membrane in the form of passive localization.
- the fuel cell 1 comprises a proton-conducting membrane 2 as an electrolyte, comprising a matrix into which a channel-forming protein is mixed.
- the membrane 2 is covered on both sides by catalyst layers 3.
- Gas-permeable electrodes in the form of an anode 4 and cathode 5 rest on the outwardly facing surface of the catalyst layers 3.
- the electrically conductive plates 6 limit the fuel cell on the bottom or cathode side, these plates with the gas permeable electrodes form a structural unit.
- Air is usually sufficient as an oxygen supplier.
- the water that forms also ensures that the crystal water of the molecular sieve is not used up when a molecular sieve / protein adduct is used.
- the proton localization via the membrane 2 will now be described in connection with FIGS. 3a, 3b.
- the matrix itself is almost impermeable to charged ions, including protons.
- ions including protons.
- a channel-forming protein for example gramicidin
- the protons can passively pass through the membrane along this pore due to the electrochemical gradient, i.e. without a chemical reaction that drives the process - Fig. 3a.
- Fuel cell single cell proton-conducting membrane (hybrid membrane) catalyst layer electrode (anode) electrode (cathode) electrically conductive plate (bipolar plate) external circuit of electrical consumers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02716614A EP1374324A2 (de) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-02-22 | Hybridmembran-polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzelle |
| AU2002247605A AU2002247605A1 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-02-22 | Hybrid membrane polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10116913 | 2001-04-05 | ||
| DE10116913.2 | 2001-04-05 | ||
| DE10153287.3 | 2001-10-29 | ||
| DE10153287 | 2001-10-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002082562A2 true WO2002082562A2 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
| WO2002082562A3 WO2002082562A3 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
Family
ID=26009008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2002/000648 Ceased WO2002082562A2 (de) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-02-22 | Hybridmembran-polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzelle |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1374324A2 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002247605A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10207462A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002082562A2 (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1332466C (zh) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-08-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 燃料电池用菌紫质质子交换膜的制备方法 |
| FR2921517A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-03-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Membranes conductrices de protons pour pile a combustible presentant un gradient de protons et procedes de preparation desdites membranes |
| EP1793437A3 (de) * | 2005-09-09 | 2009-04-22 | Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V. (IUTA) - Institut an der Universität Duisburg - Essen | Elektrolyt, Elektrode und Katalysatorelektrode zur Verwendung in einer Brennstoffzelle |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004032671A1 (de) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-02 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelle mit einer Hybridmembran und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| CN111342077B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种透水双极板质子交换膜燃料电池的保存方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5468574A (en) * | 1994-05-23 | 1995-11-21 | Dais Corporation | Fuel cell incorporating novel ion-conducting membrane |
-
2002
- 2002-02-22 EP EP02716614A patent/EP1374324A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-02-22 AU AU2002247605A patent/AU2002247605A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-22 WO PCT/DE2002/000648 patent/WO2002082562A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-02-22 DE DE10207462A patent/DE10207462A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1793437A3 (de) * | 2005-09-09 | 2009-04-22 | Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V. (IUTA) - Institut an der Universität Duisburg - Essen | Elektrolyt, Elektrode und Katalysatorelektrode zur Verwendung in einer Brennstoffzelle |
| CN1332466C (zh) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-08-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 燃料电池用菌紫质质子交换膜的制备方法 |
| FR2921517A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-03-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Membranes conductrices de protons pour pile a combustible presentant un gradient de protons et procedes de preparation desdites membranes |
| WO2009040362A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-02 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Membranes conductrices de protons pour pile a combustible presentant un gradient de protons et procedes de preparation desdites membranes |
| US8691469B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2014-04-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Proton conducting membranes for fuel cells having a proton gradient and methods for preparing said membranes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1374324A2 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
| DE10207462A1 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
| WO2002082562A3 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
| AU2002247605A1 (en) | 2002-10-21 |
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