WO2003050632A2 - Methode et dispositif de surveillance et de controle automatique de la trajectoire d'un aeronef. - Google Patents
Methode et dispositif de surveillance et de controle automatique de la trajectoire d'un aeronef. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003050632A2 WO2003050632A2 PCT/BE2002/000185 BE0200185W WO03050632A2 WO 2003050632 A2 WO2003050632 A2 WO 2003050632A2 BE 0200185 W BE0200185 W BE 0200185W WO 03050632 A2 WO03050632 A2 WO 03050632A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aircraft
- volume
- trajectory
- coordinates
- safety volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/02—Initiating means
- B64C13/16—Initiating means actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors
- B64C13/18—Initiating means actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors using automatic pilot
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/02—Initiating means
- B64C13/16—Initiating means actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors
- B64C13/20—Initiating means actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors using radiated signals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/0015—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems
- B64D45/0031—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems means for overriding or restricting access to flight controls
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
- G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
- G05D1/106—Change initiated in response to external conditions, e.g. avoidance of elevated terrain or of no-fly zones
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for automatically piloting an aircraft on board which has been memorized a set of coordinates determining at least one safety volume.
- Autopilot methods are well known in the aeronautical field. They consist in automatically piloting, therefore without human intervention, an aircraft so that it follows a determined trajectory. This trajectory generally depends on a well-established flight plan.
- Patent JP 11-044551 further describes a navigation system which makes it possible to take into account dangerous zones, such as a mountain or an area with strong atmospheric disturbances, and to calculate an alternative trajectory which avoids these dangerous zones.
- dangerous zones such as a mountain or an area with strong atmospheric disturbances
- the coordinates of these danger zones also called safety volumes, are generally stored on board the aircraft, for example in a navigation database.
- the alternative trajectory is provided to the automatic pilot, who then takes charge of piloting the aircraft so that it follows this alternative trajectory.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for automatically monitoring and controlling the trajectory of an aircraft guaranteeing greater safety.
- the method of automatic piloting of an aircraft according to the invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
- a safety volume can for example be a safety volume around a mountain, but also a safety volume around an area occupied by people, such as for example a residential area. In the latter case, the method according to the invention makes it possible to prevent terrorist acts such as acts intended to cause the aircraft to crash into the occupied area, since the autopilot is engaged automatically and will fly the aircraft according to the zone clearance path.
- the aircraft does not have to be in flight for the method to apply.
- the method can effectively be applied when the aircraft is on the ground, for example before a take-off phase or after a landing phase.
- the relief trajectory will be a ground clearance trajectory.
- the method according to the invention may also include a step of recording the coordinates of the security volume in storage means on board the aircraft. This also makes it possible to increase security by better controlling the way in which the coordinates are recorded, for example by applying methods of encoding and possibly encryption of the coordinates.
- the method according to the invention comprises a step of automatic deactivation of any other means of piloting the aircraft once the means of automatic piloting of the aircraft according to the alternate trajectory are activated.
- no other piloting means makes it possible to modify the trajectory of the aircraft as long as the aircraft is in the safety volume. In the event of an attempt to deliberately crash the aircraft by a terrorist action, this effectively prevents that a person forces the aircraft to crash, for example by manual piloting.
- Fig.l shows a flowchart of an automatic piloting method according to the state of the art
- Fig.2a shows a flowchart corresponding to an example of the steps of an automatic piloting method according to the invention
- Fig.2b shows a flowchart corresponding to an example of an additional step of an automatic piloting method according to the invention
- Fig.3 shows a vertical sectional view of an example illustrating the principle of the invention
- Fig.4 shows a perspective view of an example of security volume according to the invention
- Fig.5a, 5b show examples of relief trajectory according to the invention
- Fig.6 is a flowchart corresponding to an example of the steps of a preferred method of automatic piloting according to the invention
- Fig.7 shows a simplified diagram of a known aircraft piloting system
- Fig.8 shows a block diagram of an example of a steering device according to the invention
- Fig.9 shows a block diagram of an example of a preferred piloting device according to the invention
- Fig.10 shows a block diagram of another example of a preferred piloting device according to the invention
- FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of an automatic piloting method according to the state of the art. Note that the passage from manual piloting to automatic piloting of the aircraft (1) is done manually, that is to say that automatic piloting is activated following an action by a person, generally a pilot. of the aircraft (1).
- Patent JP 11-044551 further describes the possibility for said trajectory to hold account for hazardous areas, such as mountains or areas with severe atmospheric disturbances, and is therefore calculated or recalculated to avoid such areas. It will easily be understood that this method is only effective if it can be ensured that the automatic piloting is indeed activated and possibly that it remains activated. However, nothing is less certain, in particular in the case of a terrorist action aimed at crashing the aircraft (1) for example.
- a method which comprises a certain number of steps, as illustrated by an example of a flow diagram in FIG. 2a.
- the position of the aircraft (1) is then acquired, for example by means of techniques such as GPS, inertial units, radiobeaconing and / or any combination of these techniques and / or other techniques.
- comparing said position of the aircraft (1) with respect to the safety volume (2) as stored on board the aircraft (1) This comparison is made for each safety volume (2) stored. If the aircraft (1) is not in any of the safety volumes, normal manual or automatic piloting is continued.
- the method according to the invention can also include an additional step of recording the at least one security volume (2) in storage means (52) on board the aircraft (1), as illustrated in FIG. .2b.
- a security volume (2) can for example be a mesh volume defined by a set of nodes whose coordinates are stored. It is thus possible, for example, to apply methods of encoding and possibly encryption of said coordinates in order to guarantee better security of these coordinates.
- Fig.3 shows a vertical sectional view of an example of a safety volume (2) into which an aircraft (1) enters and of the path (3) of clearance of the safety volume (2) imposed on the aircraft ( 1) in application of the automatic piloting method according to the invention.
- the safety volume (2) is a parallelepiped that the aircraft (1) penetrates by one of its flanks while it is flying substantially in a straight line.
- the release trajectory (3) corresponds to a simple gain in altitude of the aircraft (1).
- Fig.4 shows a perspective view of another example of safety volume (2) according to the invention.
- the safety volume (2) consists of a set of parallelepipeds adjoining each other in order to form a continuous volume.
- Such a volume can be useful to protect urban areas by example, while providing one or more corridors allowing normal passage of the aircraft (1), for example for a landing at a nearby airport.
- the release path (3) of the safety volume (2) in application of the automatic piloting method according to the invention is a trajectory which would be obtained if the aircraft (1) was piloted to make it take time to altitude to the maximum of these possibilities, such as for example by actuating a rudder (32) of the aircraft (1) at the maximum of its travel.
- Figs.5a and 5b show examples of such relief trajectories.
- a preferred safety volume (2) such as a volume of substantially pyramidal or conical shape, said volume enveloping an area to be protected (5).
- trajectories (3c, 3d) corresponding respectively to the points and angles of attack of the volume of safety (2) indicated by the trajectories (4c, 4d) of the aircraft (1).
- Fig.6 is a flowchart corresponding to an example of the steps of preferred methods of automatic piloting according to the invention.
- a first additional step occurs when the automatic piloting according to the release trajectory (3) of the aircraft (1) has been automatically activated.
- This first additional step consists in automatically deactivating any other means of piloting the aircraft (1), such as a manual piloting means for example.
- a manual piloting means for example.
- terrorist acts such as acts intended to crash an aircraft into an occupied area. It is indeed not necessary that the terrorist can supervise the aircraft and force a trajectory different from the escape trajectory (3) by manual piloting for example.
- a second additional step also occurs when the automatic piloting according to the release trajectory (3) of the aircraft (1) has been automatically activated.
- This second additional step consists in not authorizing a deactivation of the autopilot according to the release path (3). For the same reasons, this indeed makes it possible to prevent a terrorist from being able to supervise the aircraft (1) and to force a trajectory different from the alternate trajectory (3) by deactivating the automatic piloting.
- the aircraft (1) acts completely autonomously and no person on board the aircraft (1) can fly the aircraft (1) for essentially the entire duration of the disengagement trajectory (3).
- the safety volume (2) can also represent a compulsory volume.
- the invention therefore also relates to an automatic piloting method the aim of which is to keep the aircraft (1) within the safety volume (2).
- This method is similar to the method described above, except that in this case the automatic pilot is activated automatically as soon as the aircraft (1) leaves the safety volume (2) in order to pilot the aircraft ( 1) following a reintegration path into the safety volume (2).
- Such a method can be used for example when it is simpler to define a mandatory safety volume (2) than to define a prohibited safety volume (2), such as during takeoff and / or landing phases of the aircraft (1).
- an automatic piloting device for an aircraft (1).
- the device will be described for a conventional airliner, although it is also applicable to any other aircraft (1).
- an airplane is piloted by means of actuators (30) which respond to orders from control members.
- Fig.7 shows a simplified diagram of a known aircraft piloting system.
- a mini-stick which is an example of a control member manipulated by a pilot.
- the mini-stick sends an order to a flight control computer (21) which provides instructions to servos (22) acting on actuators (30) such as rudder (33), elevator (32) and ailerons ( 31).
- actuators (30) such as rudder (33), elevator (32) and ailerons ( 31).
- the actuators (30) respond to his request accordingly, which makes it possible to steer the aircraft.
- the gas control of the engine (s) (34) When the pilot engages the automatic pilot, it is the latter who gives the orders to the flight control computer (21) according to a well-established flight plan.
- the device comprises means (42) for receiving the coordinates determining the at least one security volume (2) described above, means (41) for receiving coordinates of position of the airplane (1), and means of comparison (43) between the position of the airplane (1) and the safety volume (2), as indicated in fig.8.
- the evaluation of the position coordinates of the aircraft (1) relative to the coordinates determining the safety volume (2) makes it possible in fact to determine whether or not the aircraft is in the safety volume (2).
- the device also comprises means (44) for providing a path for release of the safety volume (2), and means (45) for sending orders to the flight command computer (21) which - in operation - automatically follow to the airplane the release trajectory (3) as soon as the comparison means (43) have determined that the airplane (1) is in the safety volume (2).
- the automatic pilot device according to the invention automatically takes control of the airplane when the airplane enters the safety volume (2), and it controls the airplane so that it leaves the safety volume (2) .
- the coordinates determining the at least one safety volume (2) can be stored in existing storage means on the aircraft, such as a navigation database for example.
- the automatic pilot device comprises its own means (52) for memorizing the coordinates determining the at least one safety volume (2), as can be seen in FIG. 9.
- the coordinates of the position of the aircraft can come from an existing system, such as a GPS system, an inertial system, a beacon system, or any combination of such systems and / or other systems.
- the automatic pilot device according to the invention comprises its own means (51) for determining the position coordinates of the aircraft, as can also be seen in FIG. 9. This also makes it possible to ensure greater inviolability of said position coordinates by making it more difficult to supply the device with deliberately erroneous coordinates.
- the piloting device according to the invention comprises means (60) for automatically deactivating any other means for piloting the airplane when the comparison means (43) have determined - in operation - that the airplane (1) is found in the security volume (2).
- the piloting device is the only master on board as long as the aircraft is in the safety volume (2).
- These deactivation means (60) are deactivated when the airplane has left the safety volume (2), which makes it possible from this moment to regain control of the airplane by conventional means, such as by manual piloting. for example.
- Fig. 10 shows an example of such a device in the case of a system where the piloting commands are supplied to the flight control computer (21) by means of electrical signals coming from the different control means: minimanche ( 20a) and throttles (20b) for manual piloting and automatic piloting system (20c) for normal automatic piloting.
- the deactivation means (60) automatically disconnect the mini-stick (20a), the throttles (20b) and the system (20c) of automatic piloting, for example by means of switches (60) interrupting the connection between the control means (20a, 20b, 20c) and the flight control computer (21), so that the airplane is only piloted by the piloting device according to the invention and is therefore forced to follow the disengagement trajectory (3) without there being any means of thwarting it.
- the device automatically reconnects said control means (20a, 20b, 20c), in this case by closing the switches (60), so that the pilot can regain control of the aircraft, for example manually.
- the device according to the invention does not include means intended to deactivate it, such as an on / off switch for example.
- the safety volume (2) can also represent a compulsory volume.
- the invention therefore also relates to an automatic piloting device the purpose of which is to keep the aircraft (1) in the safety volume (2).
- the comparison means (43) of the device according to the invention comprise means (44) for providing a reinsertion trajectory in the safety volume (2), and means (45) for - in operation - automatically send orders to the flight control computer (21) which automatically make the airplane follow the reinsertion trajectory as soon as the comparison means (43) have determined that the airplane (1) leaves the safety volume (2) .
- the method of the invention can be described as follows: method consisting in comparing the position of an aircraft (1) with respect to at least one safety volume (2) whose coordinates are stored on board the aircraft (1). As soon as it is detected that the aircraft (1) enters the at least one safety volume (2), automatic piloting means are activated automatically - therefore without human intervention - and pilot the aircraft (1) according to a path (3) for clearing the safety volume (2), until the aircraft (1) has left the safety volume (2).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002350290A AU2002350290A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-10 | Method and device for automatically monitoring and controlling an aircraft path |
| EP02784931A EP1459145A2 (fr) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-10 | Methode et dispositif de surveillance et de controle automatique de la trajectoire d'un aeronef. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE2001/0811 | 2001-12-13 | ||
| BE2001/0811A BE1014538A3 (fr) | 2001-12-13 | 2001-12-13 | Methode et dispositif de surveillance et de controle automatique de la trajectoire d'un aeronef. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003050632A2 true WO2003050632A2 (fr) | 2003-06-19 |
| WO2003050632A3 WO2003050632A3 (fr) | 2004-03-18 |
Family
ID=3897146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BE2002/000185 Ceased WO2003050632A2 (fr) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-10 | Methode et dispositif de surveillance et de controle automatique de la trajectoire d'un aeronef. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050075763A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1459145A2 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2002350290A1 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE1014538A3 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003050632A2 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7098810B2 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2006-08-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Aircraft autorecovery systems and methods |
| EP1783572A2 (fr) | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systèmes et procédés sans fil de redressement assisté |
| WO2019224468A1 (fr) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Marc Labrucherie | Procede de sauvegarde automatique en vol de la trajectoire d'un avion a commandes de vol electriques |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE602004018910D1 (de) * | 2004-07-03 | 2009-02-26 | Saab Ab | System und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Flugzeugs während des Fluges |
| US20080300784A1 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-12-04 | Amir Kleinstern | Route player |
| FR2929246B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-26 | 2010-03-05 | Airbus France | Procede et dispositif pour la detection d'absences de pilotage manuel et automatique d'un aeronef |
| US8849477B2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2014-09-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Avionics display system and method for generating three dimensional display including error-compensated airspace |
| US8362925B2 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2013-01-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Avionics display system and method for generating flight information pertaining to neighboring aircraft |
| US20130092791A1 (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | General Electric Company | Method for a noise abatement procedure for an aircraft |
| US9250629B2 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-02-02 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Terrain adaptive flight control |
| FR3023014B1 (fr) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-06-24 | Thales Sa | Procede de determination du point vertical de basculement d'un mode de pilotage manuel vers un mode guide |
| US9977428B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2018-05-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Augmentative control of drones |
| RU2652721C2 (ru) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-04-28 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королёва" | Способ контроля действий находящегося на борту космического аппарата космонавта |
| FR3090979B1 (fr) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-02-18 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Système de pilotage alternatif destiné à être intégré dans un aéronef préexistant |
| EP3940672A1 (fr) | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-19 | Advanced Laboratory on Embedded Systems S.r.l. | Module d'assurance |
| EP3979034B1 (fr) | 2020-10-05 | 2025-01-01 | Advanced Laboratory on Embedded Systems S.r.l. | Moniteur de sécurité |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU8877991A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-04-28 | Harold R. Pilley | Airport control/management system |
| FR2689668B1 (fr) * | 1992-04-07 | 1994-05-20 | Dassault Electronique | Procede et dispositif d'anti-collisions terrain pour aeronef. |
| FR2721130B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-14 | 1996-07-12 | Sextant Avionique | Dispositif d'évitement de collisions pour aéronef notamment avec le sol à bilan énergétique réduit. |
| EP0750238B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-20 | 2000-03-01 | Honeywell Inc. | Système intégré d'anti-collision avec le sol |
| US6092009A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 2000-07-18 | Alliedsignal | Aircraft terrain information system |
| FR2789771B1 (fr) * | 1999-02-12 | 2001-06-08 | Sextant Avionique | Procede pour la generation d'une trajectoire horizontale d'evitement de zones dangereuses pour un aeronef |
| GB2396706B (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2005-05-25 | Brian E Turung | Airplane emergency navigational system |
| AUPR772001A0 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2001-10-11 | Kenny, Craig Anthony | Aircraft avoidance system for preventing entry into an exclusion zone |
| US20030055540A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-03-20 | Hansen James K. | Anti-terrorism aircraft flight control system |
| US6584383B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-06-24 | Pippenger Phillip Mckinney | Anti-hijacking security system and apparatus for aircraft |
-
2001
- 2001-12-13 BE BE2001/0811A patent/BE1014538A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-12-10 EP EP02784931A patent/EP1459145A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-10 WO PCT/BE2002/000185 patent/WO2003050632A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-10 AU AU2002350290A patent/AU2002350290A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-06-12 US US10/866,632 patent/US20050075763A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7098810B2 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2006-08-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Aircraft autorecovery systems and methods |
| EP1783572A2 (fr) | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systèmes et procédés sans fil de redressement assisté |
| EP1783572A3 (fr) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-05-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systèmes et procédés sans fil de redressement assisté |
| WO2019224468A1 (fr) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Marc Labrucherie | Procede de sauvegarde automatique en vol de la trajectoire d'un avion a commandes de vol electriques |
| FR3081596A1 (fr) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-29 | Marc Labrucherie | Procede de sauvegarde automatique en vol de la trajectoire d'un avion a commandes de vol electriques |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE1014538A3 (fr) | 2003-12-02 |
| WO2003050632A3 (fr) | 2004-03-18 |
| EP1459145A2 (fr) | 2004-09-22 |
| US20050075763A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
| AU2002350290A1 (en) | 2003-06-23 |
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