WO2003102636A1 - Lentille a focale variable et organe de commande de lentille - Google Patents
Lentille a focale variable et organe de commande de lentille Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003102636A1 WO2003102636A1 PCT/JP2003/006509 JP0306509W WO03102636A1 WO 2003102636 A1 WO2003102636 A1 WO 2003102636A1 JP 0306509 W JP0306509 W JP 0306509W WO 03102636 A1 WO03102636 A1 WO 03102636A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lens
- actuator
- lens according
- displacement
- pressure transmitting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a varifocal lens capable of changing focus at high speed and a control device thereof.
- the varifocal lens In order to capture an object with different optical characteristics for each frame of such a high-speed vision system, the varifocal lens must also have a response of 1 kHz or more.
- the conventional varifocal lens is much slower than the high-speed vision frame rate of 1 kHz, which impairs the speed of high-speed vision.
- "A new, compact and quick -response dynamic iocu sing lens (Takashi Kaneko et. Al R TRANSDUCERS '97, Vol. 1, p. 63 -66, 1997)” has the highest response speed, about 1 Variable focus lenses have been proposed that are 50 Hz.
- the response of such varifocal lenses is an order of magnitude smaller than the frame rate of high-speed vision, and there are significant speed limitations in applications that use optical systems.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a variable focus lens which responds at a frame rate of a high-speed vision system, and a control device thereof.
- this variable focus lens is A transparent liquid is sealed inside a rigid container, and an elastic circular thin transparent plate is attached to the surface of the container, which is used as the lens surface. Separately from the lens surface, an elastic partition for applying pressure to the liquid inside is attached.
- this part is called a cylinder part or a pressure transmitting part.
- the focal length is controlled by applying pressure to the liquid inside from the outside through the cylinder to deform the lens surface.
- the liquid inside has two roles, the medium that refracts light and the transmission of force.
- Fig. 1 shows the principle of how the varifocal lens changes the focal length.
- the actuator 14 by driving the actuator 14 in the direction of pressing the liquid (the direction of arrow A), the elastically deformable thin and transparent plates (lens surface) 12 and 12 are convex. , Thereby forming a convex lens.
- the actuator 14 by driving the actuator 14 in the direction of drawing in the liquid (the direction of arrow B), the thin and transparent plates 12 and 12 become concave, thereby forming a concave lens.
- one of the varifocal lenses according to the present invention which can be used as an actuator that satisfies the high speed characteristic, has a resonance frequency of about several tens of kHz and positioning on the order of n (nano) m There is a stacked piezo akuchie that is possible.
- This type of actuary which has a resonance frequency of several + kHz, has a movable range of only about 10 / m. Therefore, in the present invention, the area of the part where the actuator applies pressure to the liquid is designed to be sufficiently larger (for example, about several tens times) than the area of the lens surface. By adopting such a structure, the lens surface can be deformed by amplifying the displacement of the actuator.
- the cylinder and the lens surface need to vibrate at high speed, they were designed to have a sufficiently high natural frequency compared to the desired response speed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a container in which a liquid is filled, wherein the pressure transmitting portion is configured to come into contact with the actuator and transmit the vibration of the actuator, and to receive light.
- a container provided with two light transmitting portions on a surface and an emission surface, and at least one of the incident surface and the emission surface is provided with a light in response to a displacement given from the pressure transmitting portion via a liquid.
- One or more surface portions that can be displaced unevenly in the axial direction, and a ratio (s / S) of an area s thereof to an area S of the pressure transmitting portion is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- Such a surface portion is provided, and the focal length is changed by displacing the surface portion in response to the displacement of the actuator, thereby achieving a variable focal length lens.
- the displacement from the actuator applied to the pressure transmitting section by S / s times appears as the displacement of the surface portion. Therefore, even if it has a high-speed response, such as a piezo-stacked actuator (PZT), its surface area can be sufficiently displaced in the optical axis direction even if a small movable range is used.
- the focal length can be changed on the order of 1 kHz.
- a flexible or elastic surface portion may be formed on both the entrance surface and the exit surface, or may be formed on only one of the surfaces and the other may be a rigid surface.
- the diameter is expanded toward one end, a pressure transmitting portion is arranged at the expanded end, and a portion near the other end has a single diameter. Then, opposing entrance and exit surfaces are formed. With such a configuration, it is possible to form a compact varifocal lens having a sufficient response performance.
- a projection is formed on a surface of the pressure transmitting portion that is in contact with the actuator.
- the projection has a cross shape.
- the container has a first portion including the first pressure transmitting portion and the incident surface in contact with the first actuator, and a second portion in contact with the second actuator.
- the degree of freedom is "2"
- the driving of each actuary allows only the focal length to be used. It is also possible to correct aberrations.
- connection surface and the emission surface may be formed of materials having different refractive indexes
- connection surface and the liquid may be formed of materials having different refractive indexes. Is also good.
- the first portion and the second portion may be filled with liquids having different refractive indexes. Thereby, for example, chromatic aberration can be corrected.
- connection surface is formed in close contact with a portion facing the emission surface, and a displaceable surface portion is formed in each of the incident surface, the connection surface, and the Z or emission surface.
- the degree of freedom can be further increased in some cases, and the imaging capability of the lens can be further improved.
- the first portion, the (n ⁇ 2) intermediate portions, and the n-th portion may be filled with liquids having different refractive indexes.
- the connection surface and the emission surface may be formed of materials having different refractive indices, respectively, and the connection surface and the liquid may be formed of materials having different refractive indices. It may be formed.
- each part (first part, middle part, etc.) that constitutes the container increases toward the pressure transmitting part where the actuator contacts.
- a structure may be adopted. As a result, it is possible to provide a lens that can be variously controlled without increasing the size of the lens so much.
- a plurality of surface portions are arranged on the entrance surface and / or at least one in a predetermined geometric arrangement.
- Said surface portion is It has a diameter of several tens / several hundreds / m, and a microlens is formed by a surface portion formed on one of the entrance surface and the exit surface, or an opposing pair of surface portions formed on both. May be.
- the surface portion is a rectangular shape elongated in the longitudinal direction having a width of several tens to several hundreds of meters, and is formed on one or both of the entrance surface and the exit surface.
- a microlens may be formed by the surface portions of the pair facing each other. In the example of a rectangular microlens, it is desirable that the surface portions are arranged so that the longitudinal sides are almost touching.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a lens control device characterized by comprising the above-mentioned variable focus lens, a control unit for supplying a signal for driving each actuator, and an amplifier for amplifying each of the signals. Is also achieved by
- the control unit may receive a displacement of the actuator as feedback. Utilizing this feedback, the level of the drive signal for the factories can be controlled. Furthermore, a lens displacement measuring unit that measures displacement in the surface portion may be further provided, and the displacement of the surface portion may be feed-packed to the control unit. The lens displacement may be used to control the level of the drive signal for the above-mentioned factor. In addition, it is possible to feed back the distortion of the lens by these feedback signals, thereby realizing more appropriate control. The lens surface distortion is measured indirectly by estimating the displacement of the actuator. Feedback can be provided, and it can also be realized by directly measuring from the displacement of the surface part.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a variable focus lens according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the variable focus lens according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the pressure transmitting unit according to the present embodiment in more detail.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing characteristics of a material used in the variable focus lens according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows the variable focus lens and its control device according to the present embodiment. This is a block diagram.
- 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the structure of a prototype of the variable focus lens according to the present embodiment.
- Figure 7 is a Bode plot of the frequency response measured on the prototype.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are diagrams each showing an example of a multi-layered variable focal length lens in the present embodiment.
- 9A and 9B are diagrams each showing an example of a multi-layered variable focal length lens in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the pressure transmitting body according to the present invention and a surface portion.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a microscope using the variable focus lens according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a varifocal lens according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a lens surface portion of a variable focus lens according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing an application example of such a micro variable-focus lens array.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a variable focus lens according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example in which a lens having an asymmetry is employed.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a microvariable focus lens array in which lens surface portions each having an elongated rectangular shape are arranged in one direction.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the variable focus lens according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the varifocal lens 10 according to the present embodiment includes a rigid container 11.
- the container 11 has, for example, a diameter that increases toward one end, and has an adhesive surface at its end that is in close contact with the actuator 14.
- the contact surface is The opening is formed to secure a large area, and a film 15 made of a thin material is formed so that vibrations of the actuator can be transmitted to the inside of the container.
- This part is also called a cylinder part.
- the other end of the actuator 14 has at least one (two in the present embodiment) opening for a lens surface portion.
- This opening has a circular shape, for example, and a lens surface portion 12 made of a thin and transparent plate that can be elastically deformed is arranged therein. It is desirable that the area of the contact surface 13 be sufficiently larger than the area of the lens surface portion 12 and that the lens surface portion be deformed by sufficiently amplifying the displacement of the actuator transmitted to the contact surface.
- the contact surface functions as a pressure transmitting section that applies displacement for changing the focal point of the lens, while the lens surface portion functions as a receiving section that receives displacement from the pressure transmitting section.
- the film formed on the contact surface is referred to as a pressure transmitting unit.
- the inside of the container 11 is filled with a liquid for transmitting the displacement of the actuator.
- the refractive index of this liquid is preferably the same as the refractive index of the lens surface portion 12.
- emulsion oil can be used as the liquid to be filled.
- a stacked piezo evening is used as the evening 14.
- the stacked piezo-electric device can be driven accurately with a frequency of 1 kHz or more, but the movable range is as small as several / z m. Therefore, as described above, the area of the pressure transmitting section is made sufficiently larger than the area of the receiving section, and the displacement of the layered Piazochiue is amplified at an amplification factor corresponding to the area ratio and transmitted to the receiving section. are doing.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the pressure transmitting portion formed on the contact surface in more detail.
- the pressure transmitting portion (membrane) 15 according to the present embodiment is made of a metal material (for example, SUS304) and has a radius of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It is the size.
- a cross-shaped projection 16 is formed at the center of the surface of the film 15 facing the actuator, so that the magnification of the lens displacement is increased.
- the protrusion is 20 mm long, 2 mm wide, and 0 height. It is 8 mm in size. By contacting this protrusion with the activist, the liquid in the container 11 is efficiently pushed out, Or you can pull in.
- the adoption of such a structure also has the effect of increasing the resonance frequency.
- variable focus lens According to the present invention, the principle of the variable focus lens according to the present invention will be described.
- the surface of the lens is required to have a high natural frequency that enables high-speed response, flexibility to sufficiently deform under the pressure generated by piezo-electricity, and optical performance as a lens. These are described below. In describing the natural frequency and flexibility, it is assumed that the shape of the lens surface is disk-shaped and the periphery is fixed.
- the natural frequency is about the first-order natural frequency. This is because in order for the disk to function as a lens, it must vibrate in a point-symmetrical shape, and it is necessary that only one vibration mode be excited.
- the natural frequency simply refers to the first-order natural frequency.
- n 0 3 1 3 2, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ numbered in ascending order.
- the focal length f at the center satisfies the following relationship.
- radius (a) is determined by equation (2), the following relationship is satisfied.
- the first-order natural frequency ⁇ is proportional to the thickness
- the flexibility index S is inversely proportional to the cube of the thickness.
- Efficiency that is, the parameter that is less likely to lose flexibility when the natural frequency is increased is the radius. If the radius is halved, the natural frequency is 4 times, and the index of flexibility is 1/4 times.
- the material is a special design element in that the parameters ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ cannot be freely selected.
- the Poisson's ratio has a relatively small variation in value depending on the material, so assuming that it can be regarded as a constant, the sensitivity (index) S decreases with the reciprocal of the Young's modulus ⁇ , and the natural frequency ⁇ is the square root of ⁇ It increases. Therefore, it is important to select substances with large ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the parameter with poor efficiency is the thickness. If the thickness is doubled, the natural frequency will be doubled and the index of flexibility will be 1/8 times smaller.
- Glass has a high natural frequency and relatively large flexibility, and the high molecular compound polyethylene / polystyrene has great flexibility, but its natural frequency is low.
- These materials are likely candidates for lens surface materials. The selection of these materials is desirably determined in consideration of the width (range) of displacement of the lens surface portion 12 and the required response speed.
- the thickness should be as thick as possible within the range discussed here. However, as the thickness increases, the flexibility decreases, so the thickness should be as large as possible within the range of pressure that can be generated in the actuator.
- the laminated piezo actuator used in the proposed varifocal lens can generate a very large force (10 to 1000 [N]), so the degree of freedom is large.
- the cylinder Since the cylinder has the same structure as the lens surface, basically the same considerations apply as for the lens surface. Since this part also needs to oscillate at 1 kHz, it is necessary to design a high natural frequency.
- the radius of the cylinder is determined by the movable range of the actuator and the amplification factor required to sufficiently deform the lens surface.
- the thickness and material can be basically considered in the same way as the lens surface.
- the pressure transmitting section (cylinder section) must have a large radius, so the material and thickness must be increased accordingly. Come out. In this case, it is more important to design a rigid and light structure.
- the mechanism that transmits the pressure generated by the actuator to the lens surface needs to have a high-speed response to transmit the pressure that changes in the order of kHz and accurately measure the distortion of the lens surface. If the distortion of the lens surface cannot be known, the optical characteristics such as the focal length cannot be known, so that the lens cannot be used as a varifocal lens.
- the proposed lens uses a mechanism that distorts the lens surface by applying pressure to the high refractive index oil that fills the inside of the lens.
- This structure has a high-speed response and can accurately measure the distortion of the lens surface will be described below.
- liquid has a low compressibility, and is suitable as a medium for efficiently transmitting pressure as represented by a hydraulic mechanism.
- oil is stable to temperature and easy to handle, and has a low compression ratio, so it is suitable for pressure transmission.
- the pressure required to distort the varifocal lens is estimated to be around 30 [NZm 2 ], at which oil compression is negligible. Therefore, it can be assumed that the volume extruded due to the deformation of the cylinder due to the displacement of the actuator is equal to the volume expanded by distorting the lens.
- Actuate Since the displacement in the evening can be measured accurately, the degree of lens distortion can also be estimated from the displacement in the actuate, and the optical characteristics of the lens can be known. > Configuration and operation]
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing the varifocal lens and its control device according to the present embodiment.
- a control computer 20 an amplifier 22 that receives a drive voltage output from the control computer, amplifies the drive voltage, and supplies the amplified voltage to a piezoelectric actuator 14, and a varifocal lens 10.
- the prototype has a sensor head 24 and a sensor control unit 26 for detecting the displacement of the lens surface portion 12.
- the displacement signal of the lens surface is returned from the sensor controller 26 to the control console 20.
- the displacement of the piezoelectric actuator 14 is returned from the amplifier 22 to the control computer 20.
- the signal line indicated by the broken line and the components surrounded by the broken line are used to obtain a complete set of test results. Therefore, these components can be omitted when actually used as a lens.
- data for causing a predetermined displacement at a predetermined frequency is D / A-converted and provided to the amplifier as an analog signal.
- the amplifier 22 amplifies the applied analog signal to a level sufficient to drive the piezo-electric device.
- the piezoelectric element 14 is displaced, and this is applied to the pressure transmitting part 15 of the lens 10.
- This displacement is transmitted to the lens surface portion 12 via the liquid filled in the lens container 11, thereby displacing the lens surface portion 12 in a convex or concave shape, and changing the focal point of the lens. .
- the prototype 100 of the variable focus lens used in the system shown in Fig. 5.
- a double glass tube having a height of 50 mm, an inner diameter of 27 mm, and an outer diameter of 35 mm was used.
- oil was filled between the glass tube forming the inner diameter and the glass tube forming the outer diameter, and this was designated as a container 111.
- the glass tube 120 constituting the outer diameter of the housing 1 1 1 two opposite holes (7.5 mm diameter) are formed almost at the center side surface, and there is a thickness of 20 / m Place the glass thin film and this The lens surface portion 1 1 2 was used to transform.
- a glass plate 122 having a thickness of l mm and a hole having a diameter of 5 mm was disposed thereon, thereby fixing the lens surface portion 112 (see FIG. 6B).
- the overnight displacement see reference numeral 501 in FIG. 5
- the displacement of the lens surface portion see reference numeral 502
- distortion on the lens surface is detected, and more appropriate control based on this is detected. It is also possible.
- the lens surface distortion can be indirectly measured and fed back by estimating it using the displacement of the actuator 14 and the direct measurement of the lens surface is also possible. Can be realized. If the pressure of the liquid inside is negligible and the natural frequencies of the lens surface and cylinder are sufficiently high, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the input of the actuary and the distortion of the lens surface. A relationship can be assumed. Therefore, the lens distortion can be estimated only by measuring the displacement of the actuator 14. In other words, in the system shown in Fig. 5, it is also possible to estimate the distortion of the lens surface from the displacement of the actuator 14 and feed it back.
- a pressure transmitting element 115 made of SUS304 is placed, and the piezo-actuator closely attached to its lower part (shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B). ) Is transmitted.
- the pressure transmitting section 1 15 has a central portion so that the resonance frequency becomes high and the liquid in the container 1 1 1 can be pushed out efficiently with respect to the displacement of the actuator.
- the design is reinforced.
- a container cover having a thickness of 5 mm is arranged on the upper part of the container 111 to seal the liquid stored between the two glass tubes.
- the prototype was designed with the primary resonance frequency of about 8.0 kHz.
- the primary resonance frequency of the designed structure is estimated by the finite element method, the lens surface is 8. 2 kHz, the cylinder section was 7.7 kHz.
- the displacement (see reference numeral 501) of the piezoelectric actuator shown in Fig. 5 was input.
- the frequency response was measured using the displacement at the center of the lens surface portion 12 (see reference numeral 502) as the output.
- a laser rangefinder LC-240 Keyence, response frequency 20 kHz
- P-84.1.10 manufactured by PI-Polytec, primary resonance frequency 18 kHz, movable range 15 ⁇ m, built-in strain sensor.
- the control cycle is 0. The measurement was performed at 1 ms.
- Figure 7 is a Bode plot of the measured frequency response. From Fig. 7, it was found that the response characteristics hardly changed up to 1 kHz, confirming that the structure of the prototype varifocal lens can respond in the order of kHz.
- the container is filled with a single liquid, but by dividing the container into a plurality of parts, a plurality of liquids having different refractive indices can be divided into parts of the container. It is also possible to fill each one.
- the focal length of the lens is changed, the optical parameters will change accordingly, and the conditions for aberration correction will change.
- the movement of multiple parameters was absorbed by moving multiple lenses.However, by moving the lens at a speed reaching the order of 1 kHz, It is difficult to absorb change. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to solve this problem, a structure in which the variable focus mechanism is multi-layered was invented. Multilayering increases the degree of freedom of optical parameters by the number of layers.
- FIG. 8A to 8D are cross-sectional views each showing an example of a multi-layer variable focus lens.
- the container 211 is divided into a first part 222 and a second part 222, and the first part 222 and the second part 222 are divided into two parts. At the end of each of them, piezoakchiyue 2 14 and 2 15 are arranged.
- the first part 222 and the second part 222 are rigid, for example, 223
- flexible or elastic surface portions 2 1 2 and 2 13 are formed on the outer surfaces of the first portion 2 2 1 and the second portion 2 2 2, flexible or elastic surface portions 2 1 2 and 2 13 are formed.
- the surface portion 2 12 is displaced by driving the piezoelectric element 2 14, while the surface portion 2 13 is displaced by driving the piezoelectric element 2 15 be able to.
- the degree of freedom becomes “2”, and two optical parameters, for example, the focal length and the spherical aberration can be adjusted.
- a connecting portion (connecting surface) 3 13 having flexibility or elasticity is also formed between the first portion 3 21 and the second portion 3 22.
- the surface portion 316 disposed on the outer surface of the second portion 322 has rigidity.
- two optical parameters can be adjusted. Note that the optical parameters include coma as well as focal length and spherical aberration.
- the container 4 11 is divided into a first portion 4 2 1, a second portion 4 2.2 and a third portion 4 2 3, and the first portion 4 2 Surface portion 4 1 2 provided on the outer surface of 1, connection portion 4 2 4 between first portion 4 2 1 and third portion 4 2 3, and provided on the outer surface of second portion 4 2 2
- the given surface portion 4 13 has flexibility or elasticity, and can be displaced by driving the corresponding actuator.
- the connecting portion 4 25 between the second portion and the third portion has rigidity.
- the degree of freedom can be set to “3”. In this case, it becomes possible to adjust three optical parameters, for example, the focal length, spherical aberration, and coma.
- FIG. 8D shows still another example of the varifocal lens having a degree of freedom of “3”.
- the outer surface of the second part 5 2 2 is rigid (see reference numeral 5 16), while the connection between the second part 5 2 2 and the third part 5 3 3 (reference number 5 13) has flexibility or elasticity.
- the outer surface portion 5 1 2 s of the first portion 5 2 1 and the connecting portion 5 2 4 between the first portion 5 2 1 and the third portion 5 2 3 have flexibility or elasticity. This is similar to the example in FIG. 8C.
- each part of the container is filled with a liquid having a different refractive index. Is also good. As a result, the degree of freedom of the optical parameters can be increased, and the color difference can be adjusted.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B show such examples.
- the structure of the variable focus lens shown in FIG. 9A is the same as that of FIG. 8B.
- the first portion 3 2 1 of the variable focus lens 3 1 1 is filled with a liquid having a refractive index ( ⁇ refractive index ⁇ of air), and the second portion 4 3 3 has a refractive index n 2 ( ⁇ ni and ⁇ ⁇ .) Liquid is filled.
- the structure of the variable focus lens shown in FIG. 9D is the same as that of FIG. 8D.
- the first part 5 2 1 contains a liquid with a refractive index ii i ( ⁇ n.)
- the second part a liquid with a refractive index n 2 and ⁇ n 0
- a third part Liquids with a refractive index of n 3 ( ⁇ n 15 ⁇ n 2 and ⁇ n.) Are each filled.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a microscope using a variable focus lens.
- a varifocal lens 111 is disposed between the objective lens 110 and the imaging device 110.
- This varifocal lens may have a configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or a configuration as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D or FIGS. 9A and 9B.
- This microscope includes an image forming unit 1104 and a lens control unit 1106 connected to the image pickup device 1102.
- the image forming unit 111 and the lens control unit 110 constitute an arithmetic unit 111.
- the image forming unit 1104 receives a signal from the image sensor 111 and creates image data captured by a microscope. Further, the lens control unit 1106 extracts a component having a relatively high spatial frequency in the signal, for example, including a Laplacian filter, and determines whether or not the lens is in focus.
- a control voltage for controlling the function (not shown) of the varifocal lens 110 is output from the lens controller 1106. Also, from the varifocal lens 1 1 1 0 A signal indicating the displacement may be returned to the lens control unit 1106.
- the lens control unit 1 10 6 determines that the focus is out of focus, and controls the actuator to move the focal plane back and forth in the optical axis direction.
- the lens control unit 1106 determines the in-focus position based on the image taken by the imaging device 1102 during the forward and backward movement. In this embodiment, since the control of the focal length can be realized at a rate of 1 kHz, the movement of the focal plane can be made sufficiently faster than the movement of the object. It is possible to perform appropriate focusing.
- variable focus lens 12 10 in the varifocal lens 12 10 according to this embodiment, the configuration of the container 11, the actuator 14, the membrane 15, and the like are shown in FIGS. It is almost the same as shown in Fig. 3. Further, the inside of the container 11 is filled with a liquid for transmitting the displacement of the actuator, for example, emulsion oil.
- a liquid for transmitting the displacement of the actuator for example, emulsion oil.
- the varifocal lens 1 210 On the side of the varifocal lens 1 210 where the actuator 14 is not arranged, two substantially parallel surfaces are formed, and on each surface, a plurality of circular openings are formed so as to face each other.
- a lens surface portion 12 made of a thin and transparent plate that is elastically deformable is arranged.
- the plurality of lens surface portions 12 are arranged according to a certain geometric arrangement. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the arrangement may be such that every other row and column are arranged, or the arrangement may be such that adjacent rows and columns are arranged. It is desirable that the refractive index of the lens surface portion 12 and the refractive index of the liquid filled in the container 11 be the same.
- the diameter of the lens surface portion 12 is very small (for example, several tens of m to several hundreds / m), and the varifocal lens 1210 has the opposite lens surface portion 12 functioning as a micro lens. It functions as a micro variable focus lens array.
- each lens surface portion 12 is in contact with the same liquid, and the same pressure is applied by driving the actuator 14. Therefore, the focal length is uniformly controlled It is.
- the lens surface portion 12 may be formed only on one surface of the container.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing an application example of such a micro variable-focus lens array. In the example of Fig.
- the lens surface part 1 2 (single lens surface part or a set of opposing lens surface parts) of the micro variable-focus lens array and the image sensor 1401 correspond one-to-one. are doing.
- a plurality of (9) lens surface portions (or 9 sets of lens surface portions) 1 4 2 0—1 and 1 4 2 0—2 and an imaging device 1 4 1 1—1, 1 4 1 1 1 and 2 correspond.
- a rigid transparent partition is placed in the container of the micro variable-focus lens array so that another liquid (the refractive index may be the same or different) may be in contact with that of the facing lens surface. You may. This arrangement corresponds to the structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8A when focusing only on the opposing lens surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, in the partition, one surface of the container and a lens surface portion facing the partition may be formed. Further, a three-layer structure as shown in FIG. 8C or FIG. 8D may be adopted.
- Fig. 15 shows an example in which an astigmatic lens is used.
- the lens surface portion 1512 is rectangular. Even when the lens shape is an asymmetry, as in the examples shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the length of each side is very small (for example, several tens of meters to several hundreds of meters).
- a micro variable focus lens array may be formed in which the lens surface portions of the above are arranged according to a certain geometrical arrangement. Further, in such a micro variable focal length lens, a transparent partition may be arranged so that another liquid comes into contact with each of the opposing lens surface portions (see FIGS. 8A to 8D). Also in this example, the lens surface portion 1512 may be formed only on one surface of the container, or the lens surface portion may be formed so as to face both surfaces.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a microvariable focus lens array in which lens surface portions each having an elongated rectangular shape are arranged in one direction.
- the lens surface portion 1612 is adjacently arranged via a rigid boundary portion 1613.
- the center in the longitudinal direction (reference numeral 1610) is The shape of the step surface at each position becomes the same even when the pressure inside the container changes. Therefore, the center 1610 can be used as a lens.
- the lens surface portion 1612 may be formed only on one surface of the container 1611, or the lens surface portion 1612 may be formed on both surfaces so as to face each other. May be.
- the micro-variable-focus lens array shown in Fig. 16 can be used, for example, by placing it on the front side of an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and changing the lens focus to enable the display of so-called three-dimensional images.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- each layer may be filled with the same liquid, or may be filled with liquids having different refractive indexes.
- a pressure transmitting portion is disposed on one of the funnel-shaped expanded sides, and a flexible or elastic surface portion is arranged so as to face the thinly extended side.
- the shape is not limited to the above-mentioned shape or the shape of the prototype.
- the area S of the side on which the actuator 14 is mounted (the pressure transmitting section 15) is the area of the flexible or elastic surface portion functioning as a lens. Sufficiently larger than the area s (S>> s), and the pressure transmission part and the surface part are connected by a liquid such as oil, and the vibration of the pressure transmission part 15 is transmitted to the surface part 12. Any structure is acceptable. By adopting such a structure, the displacement of the surface portion can be SZs times the displacement of the pressure transmitting portion.
- the displacement of the surface portion can be adjusted to a desired range.
- the cross-shaped projection is formed on the side of the pressure transmitting portion that comes into contact with the actuator, but the shape of the projection is not limited to this. Triangular shape arranged at an angular interval of Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the container has a two-layer structure or a three-layer structure has been described, but it goes without saying that a four-layer or more layer structure may be employed. Also in this case, it is sufficient to adopt a configuration in which a pressure transmitting unit is arranged in each layer and the displacement of the actuator can be transmitted to the connecting unit and the lens surface.
- the surface portions and connection surfaces of some layers may be configured to be displaceable without arranging the actuators in all layers.
- a partition almost perpendicular to the surface of the container is arranged, and It may be filled with a different liquid.
- variable focus lens that responds at a frame rate of a high-speed vision system, and a control device therefor.
- the present invention is particularly desirable to cooperate with a lens having a high-speed response of 1 kHz or more, and can be applied to a high-speed vision system using a vision chip.
- This high-speed vision system can follow an image of an object moving at high speed in a focused state, generate an image of the object, or capture other objects moving at high speed. It is also possible to control devices (arms).
- a micro variable focal length lens array in which minute lenses are arranged in a geometrical arrangement is constituted, and a plurality of images are formed by associating a single micro lens or a predetermined number of micro lenses with an image sensor. By generating them and generating new images based on them, it becomes possible to acquire more precise images.
- a three-dimensional image can be generated by combining with LCD or the like.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004509463A JPWO2003102636A1 (ja) | 2002-06-04 | 2003-05-26 | 可変焦点レンズおよびレンズ制御装置 |
| AU2003235425A AU2003235425A1 (en) | 2002-06-04 | 2003-05-26 | Variable-focus lens and lens controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002162783 | 2002-06-04 | ||
| JP2002-162783 | 2002-06-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003102636A1 true WO2003102636A1 (fr) | 2003-12-11 |
Family
ID=29706615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/006509 Ceased WO2003102636A1 (fr) | 2002-06-04 | 2003-05-26 | Lentille a focale variable et organe de commande de lentille |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2003102636A1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2003235425A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2003102636A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006009514A1 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Variable focus microlens |
| JP2009217249A (ja) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-09-24 | Univ Of Tokyo | 可変焦点レンズ |
| WO2009133743A1 (ja) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 変位変換装置 |
| WO2010029799A1 (ja) | 2008-09-13 | 2010-03-18 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 顕微鏡装置及びそれを用いた蛍光観察方法 |
| EP2184625A1 (fr) | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-12 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Dispositif optique à membrane déformable à actionnement perfectionné |
| US8072689B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2011-12-06 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device with means of actuating a compact deformable membrane |
| US8363330B2 (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2013-01-29 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Membrane, especially for an optical device having a deformable membrane |
| US8542445B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2013-09-24 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device with membrane that can be deformed by electrostatic actuation |
| US8830338B2 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2014-09-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Imaging device |
| WO2017091921A1 (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | 超金光学有限公司 | 一种光变焦方法及其模块与应用 |
| EP3798693A1 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-31 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Reflective camera and electronic device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS625201A (ja) * | 1985-07-01 | 1987-01-12 | Gentaro Nakago | 焦点距離、照射野を変化できるレンズ |
| JPS63229401A (ja) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-26 | Nec Corp | 可変焦点レンズ |
| JPH1062609A (ja) * | 1996-08-22 | 1998-03-06 | Nikon Corp | マイクロレンズ及び該レンズを用いた撮像装置 |
| JP2002131513A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 焦点距離可変レンズ |
-
2003
- 2003-05-26 WO PCT/JP2003/006509 patent/WO2003102636A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-26 JP JP2004509463A patent/JPWO2003102636A1/ja active Pending
- 2003-05-26 AU AU2003235425A patent/AU2003235425A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS625201A (ja) * | 1985-07-01 | 1987-01-12 | Gentaro Nakago | 焦点距離、照射野を変化できるレンズ |
| JPS63229401A (ja) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-26 | Nec Corp | 可変焦点レンズ |
| JPH1062609A (ja) * | 1996-08-22 | 1998-03-06 | Nikon Corp | マイクロレンズ及び該レンズを用いた撮像装置 |
| JP2002131513A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 焦点距離可変レンズ |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4897680B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-20 | 2012-03-14 | エージェンシー フォー サイエンス, テクノロジー アンド リサーチ | 可変焦点マイクロレンズ |
| JP2008507724A (ja) * | 2004-07-20 | 2008-03-13 | エージェンシー フォー サイエンス,テクノロジー アンド リサーチ | 可変焦点マイクロレンズ |
| WO2006009514A1 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Variable focus microlens |
| US7898742B2 (en) | 2004-07-20 | 2011-03-01 | Rodriguez Fernandez Isabel | Variable focus microlens |
| US8111466B2 (en) | 2004-07-20 | 2012-02-07 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Variable focus microlens |
| US8542445B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2013-09-24 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device with membrane that can be deformed by electrostatic actuation |
| US8072689B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2011-12-06 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device with means of actuating a compact deformable membrane |
| JP2009217249A (ja) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-09-24 | Univ Of Tokyo | 可変焦点レンズ |
| US8363330B2 (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2013-01-29 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Membrane, especially for an optical device having a deformable membrane |
| US8511173B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2013-08-20 | The University Of Tokyo | Displacement transducer |
| WO2009133743A1 (ja) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 変位変換装置 |
| WO2010029799A1 (ja) | 2008-09-13 | 2010-03-18 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 顕微鏡装置及びそれを用いた蛍光観察方法 |
| US9019360B2 (en) | 2008-09-13 | 2015-04-28 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | Microscope and a fluorescent observation method using the same |
| US8116011B2 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2012-02-14 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Membrane deformable optical device having improved actuation |
| EP2184625A1 (fr) | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-12 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Dispositif optique à membrane déformable à actionnement perfectionné |
| US8830338B2 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2014-09-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Imaging device |
| WO2017091921A1 (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | 超金光学有限公司 | 一种光变焦方法及其模块与应用 |
| EP3798693A1 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-31 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Reflective camera and electronic device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003235425A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 |
| JPWO2003102636A1 (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
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