WO2004008752A1 - 画像データ処理装置及び方法 - Google Patents
画像データ処理装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004008752A1 WO2004008752A1 PCT/JP2003/008433 JP0308433W WO2004008752A1 WO 2004008752 A1 WO2004008752 A1 WO 2004008752A1 JP 0308433 W JP0308433 W JP 0308433W WO 2004008752 A1 WO2004008752 A1 WO 2004008752A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
- G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
- G11B27/036—Insert-editing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
- G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
- G11B27/032—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on tapes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
- H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
- H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/90—Tape-like record carriers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image data processing apparatus and method for recording image data encoded by a Motion Picture Expert Group (MPEG) method on a recording medium.
- MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group
- a bidirectional predictive coding method is adopted as a coding method.
- three types of coding are performed: intra-frame coding, inter-frame forward predictive coding, and bidirectional predictive coding.
- P pictures and B pictures are also used as a coding method.
- a GOP Group of Pictures
- the amount of generated code for each picture is generally the largest for I-pictures, followed by P-pictures and B-pictures.
- FIG. 1 shows the change in the data occupancy of the input buffer in the decoder with respect to the supplied MPEG stream.
- the horizontal axis indicates time (t), and the decoding timing (tl01, tl02, t103,...) Of each picture included in the supplied MPEG stream is described.
- the vertical axis indicates the data occupancy stored in the input buffer.
- the input buffer stores the MPEG stream image-compressed according to the MPEG2 system in sequence according to its bit rate. Then, at t101 after a lapse of VBV delay (vbv-delay) from t100 when the supply of the MPEG stream was started, the first picture is extracted from the decoder for decoding processing.
- the data amount of the picture extracted by this decoder is the data size of the picture (picture-size), the data size of the picture start code (picture_star and code), the data size of the sequence header (seduencejieader), the GOP This is the data amount (hereinafter referred to as the image size) to which the data size of the header (GOP-header) is added.
- the MPEG stream is continuously supplied to the input buffer according to a predetermined bit rate.
- t102, t103,... that elapses every ⁇ DTS which is the interval of the decode management time (Decode Time Stamp) from t101 the data amount corresponding to the image size of each picture is extracted by the decoder.
- ⁇ DTS the interval of the decode management time
- VBV Video Buffering Verifier
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a change in the amount of data occupied in the MPEG stream before and after the editing point of the recording medium in the conventional example.
- VBV_delay_0 is the VB V delay immediately before the recording end position of the image data already recorded on the recording medium
- VBV_delay-2 is the I picture located at the beginning of the image data that has been subjected to the first continuous recording. This is a VBV delay.
- VBV-delay_2 is smaller than VBV-delay-0, only stuffing is inserted without a copy picture.
- VBV_delay-12 is larger than VBV-delay_0, copy pictures and stuffing are inserted.
- VBV_delay_2 is smaller than delay_0 and only stuffing bytes are inserted, the inserted stuffing bytes are decoded together with the video elementary stream (ES) immediately before the edit point. . For this reason, the boundary between the stuffing and the video ES on the recording medium is lost, and there is a problem that the stuffing cannot be separated later.
- ES video elementary stream
- VBV_delay_2 is larger than VBV_delay_0
- VBV_delay_3 is compared with VBV-delay_0 and inserted in the second splicing recording. If it is sufficient to determine the amount of stuffing bytes, etc., if VBV—de 1 ay—3 is smaller than VBV—de 1 ay_ 0, VBV_delay 1-2 and VBV_delay_ 0 In this case, unnecessary copy pictures and stuffing bytes are left, and additional stuffing is introduced. Therefore, a useless screen hold is generated.
- VBV_de 1 ay_ 0 which has read the auxiliary data of the image data already recorded from the recording medium is converted into the data occupation amount in the VBV buffer, and this is converted into the initial value of the encoder.
- a method has also been proposed in which the value can be set so that decoding can be performed without breaking the input buffer even when continuous playback is performed before and after the edit point for continuous recording.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel image data processing apparatus and method which can solve the problems of the conventional image data processing apparatus and method described above.
- Another object of the present invention is to eliminate unnecessary stuffing and copy pictures at the time of the second continuous recording, and to prevent image quality deterioration. It is to provide an apparatus and a method.
- An image data processing apparatus is a data processing apparatus which is coded according to the MPEG method, is provided with an auxiliary recording area (AUX_V), and starts with an I picture or a P picture and includes a B picture.
- AUX_V auxiliary recording area
- an image data processing apparatus for processing an image data consisting of an evening group (Pack-V) an image data processing apparatus that processes the evening data is edited on an edit point on a recording medium on which the Pack-V is already recorded.
- Pack_V—h is recorded, and according to the bit occupancy of the VBV (Video Buffering Verifier) buffer used at the time of decoding, each insertion auxiliary recording area ( (E dit AUX_V_h) is provided, and recording means for recording an input data group (E dit Pack_V_h) including a copy picture and / or a stuffing byte for repeatedly displaying a previous picture on a recording medium,
- the recording means If the E d i t P a c k- V- h the editing point on the recording medium is recorded, independently of the E d i t P a c k- V_h, newly entered data group
- E dit P ac k_V_n an insertion data group
- E dit AUX X_V_n an insertion auxiliary recording area
- the image data is encoded by the MPEG method, an auxiliary recording area (AUX-V) is provided for each, an I picture or a P picture is first, and a B picture is included.
- AUX-V auxiliary recording area
- an image data processing method for processing an image data consisting of data groups (Pack-V) a data group (P-V) to be edited is placed on an edit point on a recording medium on which the above-mentioned Pack-V is already recorded.
- E dit Pack_V_h is recorded on a recording medium, and the recording step is performed when the above-mentioned E dit Pack—V—h is recorded at an edit point on the recording medium.
- Edit AUX_V_n Edit AUX_V_n
- EditPack_V_n an insertion data group including a copy picture and / or a stuffing byte is recorded based on the edit point.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the transition of the data occupancy of the MPEG stream supplied to the input buffer of the decoder.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a problem of the related art.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an image data processing device to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a magnetic tape on which recording tracks are formed.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a helical track formed on a magnetic tape.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a night group.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a change in the data occupancy in the data group last supplied to the image data processing apparatus.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of calculating in advance at the time of recording when the value of vbv_delay-n of the next picture is unknown.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the ECCBank memory of the ECC processing unit at the time of continuous recording.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a flow of code amount control in the encoder.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining an example in which copy pictures are continuously inserted when vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n falls below a set value.
- FIG. 12 explains the processing when the inherited value of vbv_de 1 ay 1 n is extremely small in the case of connecting and recording a data stream of image data input from another electronic device.
- FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a drawback of continuous recording when the picture type immediately after the recording END point is a P picture.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a method of recording the calculated copy picture and stuffing.
- Figure 15 shows the data occupied by the VBV buffer with respect to the time when the second splicing recording is performed with the head of the data group N1 in which the first splicing recording was performed as the re-recording position.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a case where a PES header is added only to Es constituting a stuffing byte.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a re-recording position at the time of the second continuous recording.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a case where both a copy picture and a stuffing pipe are recorded on a magnetic tape.
- An image data processing device 1 to which the present invention is applied is a device that digitally encodes a moving image according to the MPEG2 (ISO / IEC13818) method for compressing and encoding a moving image with high efficiency and records it on a magnetic tape.
- MPEG2 ISO / IEC13818
- FIG. 3 an external input unit 11, a picture size measuring unit 12, an encoder 13, an insertion processing unit 14, an auxiliary data generating unit 15, a stream recording processing unit 16, and an ECC (Error Correction Code) processing unit 17, recording circuit 18, reproduction circuit 19, auxiliary data extraction unit 20, stream reproduction processing unit 21, header extraction unit 22, VBV (Video Buffering Verifier) )
- a delay extraction unit 23, an external output unit 24, a decoder 25, and a control unit 26 are provided.
- the external input unit 11 divides image data transmitted as TS (Transport Stream) from another external electronic device into PES (Packetized Elementary Stream), This is transmitted to the stream recording processing unit 16. Incidentally, the size of each picture constituting the image data input to the external input unit 11 is measured by the picture size measuring unit 12.
- the encoder 13 converts the input image data based on a VB V (Video Buffering Verifier) delay transmitted from the VB V delay extraction unit 23, based on encoding parameters such as a picture live and a quantization step. Perform encoding.
- the encoder 13 transmits the encoded image data to the stream recording processor 16.
- VB V Video Buffering Verifier
- the insertion processing unit 14 At the time of encoding image data, the insertion processing unit 14 generates a copy picture or a stuffing byte for repeatedly displaying the previous picture as pseudo data when the generated code amount is small. Incidentally, this stuffing byte is data having no special meaning, and is discarded at the decoder side.
- the insertion processing unit 14 outputs the generated copy pictures and stuffing bytes to the stream recording processing unit 16.
- the auxiliary data generation unit 15 outputs, to the stream recording processing unit 16, auxiliary data (AUX) added to each data group including a B picture, starting with an I picture or a P picture.
- AUX auxiliary data
- the stream recording processing section 16 acquires the image data from the external input section 11 or the encoder 13.
- the stream recording processing unit 16 is supplied with copy pictures and stuffing bytes from the insertion processing unit 14, receives auxiliary data from the auxiliary data generation unit 15, and receives various headers from the header extraction unit 22. You.
- the stream recording processing section 16 forms one data stream by inserting auxiliary data, copy pictures, and the like between data groups starting from an I picture or a P picture in image data. At this time, the stream recording processing unit 16 may extract the VBV delay from the generated data stream by the VBV delay extracting unit 23.
- the stream recording processing unit 16 transmits the formed data stream to the ECC processing unit 17.
- the ECC processing unit 17 adds an ECC (Error Correction Code) to the input data stream, and performs an interleave process or the like.
- This ECC processor 17 It has its own ECCB ank memory, not shown, and temporarily stores the data stream actually recorded on the magnetic tape 4.
- the recording circuit 18 records the data stream input from the ECC processing unit 17 on the magnetic tape 4.
- the recording circuit 18 converts, for example, input data into serial data, amplifies the data, and records the data on a magnetic tape 4 that is rotated via a rotating drum (not shown) via a magnetic head (not shown). I do.
- the reproduction circuit 19 reproduces the image data recorded on the magnetic tape 4 and reads auxiliary data recorded in an auxiliary recording area on the magnetic tape 4 to be described later. Send to 7.
- the stream reproduction processing unit 21 receives image data and auxiliary data reproduced from the magnetic tape 4 via a reproduction circuit 19 and an ECC processing unit 17.
- the stream reproduction processing unit 21 outputs the input image data to the external output unit 24 or the decoder 25.
- PTS Presentation Time Stamp
- DTS Decoding Time S
- VBV delay is extracted by the VBV delay. Extracted by the extraction unit 23.
- Other auxiliary data is extracted by the auxiliary data extraction unit 20.
- the external output unit 24 decodes the image data input as PES from the stream reproduction processing unit 21 to make it TS, and transmits the TS to other electronic devices.
- the decoder 25 decodes image data input as PES from the stream reproduction processing unit 21 based on encoding parameters such as picture skipping and quantization steps.
- the circuits and components that constitute the image data processing device 1 according to the present invention operate under the control of the control unit 26.
- the magnetic tape 4 includes a helical track 32 on which information such as a video signal is recorded by a magnetic head.
- the helical track 32 is formed to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape 4. Have been.
- one helical track 32 is composed of 123 sync blocks and 18 C2 parity sync blocks.
- 16 of the helical tracks 32 are used as an interleave unit of C 2 ECC in the ECC processing unit 17.
- the ECC processor 17 interleaves and allocates the 16 sync blocks in the helical track 32 to the ECC plane, generates C2 parity, and records this in the C2 parity sync block.
- One sync block consists of a 95-byte data section, a 1-byte sync block header (SB header), a 3-byte ID section consisting of a track pair number and a sync block No. 10 bytes of the C1 parity described above, and a further 11 bytes with a 2-byte sync pattern at the beginning.
- SB header 1-byte sync block header
- 3-byte ID section consisting of a track pair number and a sync block No. 10 bytes of the C1 parity described above, and a further 11 bytes with a 2-byte sync pattern at the beginning.
- This track pair No. has the same value between the adjacent helical tracks 32 in the order of —azimuth, + azimuth. In the following, this track pair No. is doubled, and + Amas track only 1 is added. In the SB header, the type of data recorded in the sync block is recorded.
- Video data and Audio data configured as MPEG2 format PES packets are recorded separately in sync blocks.
- video data combines PES of three frames of I picture, B picture, and B picture, or PES of three frames of P picture, B picture, and B picture. Add Audio de overnight and record on the sync block alternately in the order of Au dio and Video.
- This unit of Au d i o and V i d e o is hereinafter referred to as P a c k.
- a three-frame Video data composed of an I picture, a B picture and a B picture is called a data group, or a three-frame Video data composed of a P picture, a B picture and a B picture is called a data group.
- AUX-A is recorded as an auxiliary data of the audio data
- a sync block of AUX-V is recorded as an auxiliary data of the video data for each Pac k.
- the image data processing device 1 that employs the MPEG 2 method generates an image by accurately encoding the data stream recorded on the magnetic tape 4 by the decoder 25 during playback because the amount of generated code differs for each picture type.
- the encoder 13 must always know the amount of data occupied in the input buffer in the decoder 25.
- FIG. 7 shows the transition of the data occupancy of the input buffer of the decoder 25 in the data group last supplied to the image data processing device 1.
- the horizontal axis indicates time (t), and the decoding timing (P, Bl, B2) of each picture constituting the supplied data group L is described.
- the vertical axis indicates the data occupancy stored in the input buffer.
- the input buffer sequentially stores the data stream compressed and encoded by the MPEG 2 system according to the bit rate.
- the time at which the P picture is supplied is from tl 1 to t 12, the time at which the B 1 picture is supplied is 1; from 12 to 1 13 and the time at which the B 2 picture is supplied is , T13 to t14.
- the decoder 25 extracts the P picture at t21 for decoding. Similarly, the decoder 25 extracts 81 pictures from the cell 22 for decoding, and further extracts a B2 picture at t23.
- the data amount of each picture extracted from this decoder 25 is the picture size of the picture (picture—size), the data size of the picture start code (picture—start—code), and the data size of the sequence It is the amount of data (hereinafter referred to as image size) that is obtained by adding the sequence-header) and the data size of the GOP header (GOPJieader).
- the time (tll to t21) extracted by the decoder 25 after the last bit of the picture start code of the P picture located at the head of the data group L is supplied is defined as a VBV delay (vbv—delay—1).
- vbv—delay—1 a picture to be inserted next to the data group L
- the VBV delay (vbv_delay_n) of the next picture is a time from t14 to t15.
- the image data processor 1 can acquire vbv-delay_n of the next picture by encoding a large amount when the data group L is finally supplied.
- the image data processing device 1 records the VBV delays (vbv_delay_l, vbv_delay_n) that can be obtained as described above as auxiliary data in the AUX-V provided for each data group.
- the lower part of FIG. 7 shows the recording positions on the magnetic tape 4 of AUX-V provided for the data group L and the next picture.
- the recording position of AUX-V in the data group L is provided before the P picture located at the head of the data group L.
- the AU X-V sync block of the next picture is provided before the recording position of the next picture and behind the recording position of the data drop L.
- the image data processing apparatus 1 records vb v_delay 11 acquired for the P picture of the data group L in AUX-V provided for the data group L. Similarly, vbv-delay_n acquired for the next picture is recorded in AUX_V provided for the next picture.
- vbv_delay_l and vbv-delay_n recorded on each AUX-V can be read out.
- image data in which vbv_delay 11 and the like are simultaneously recorded with respect to the image data to be continuously recorded is referred to as background image data.
- the image data processing apparatus 1 assumes that the next picture to be connected and recorded is the image data, and obtains vbv_dela y-n to be held by the next picture to be connected and recorded on the magnetic tape 4 in advance. Can be recorded.
- the amount of data occupied in the VBV buffer and set it as the initial value of the encoder simply by reading vbv_delay-n from the magnetic tape 4, so that the size of one frame varies.
- the amount of generated code of each picture can be controlled, and seamless recording can be easily performed without breaking the input buffer.
- the image data processing apparatus 1 sets an END point flag for the data group L to AU to indicate that the data group is the last supplied data group. It is also possible to record to X-V. This makes it possible to easily identify the area where the image data is recorded based on the END point flag during continuous recording, thereby avoiding the inconvenience of overwriting the existing image data. It is also possible.
- the image data processing device 1 identifies the VBV delay of the first picture not only for the last supplied data group L ⁇ next picture, but also for all other data groups, and provides this for each data group.
- AUX-V may be recorded.
- vbv_delay—ii is recorded in the AUX—V of the next picture.
- the image data processing device 1 may record the auxiliary data in the AUX-V using DTS or the like in addition to the VBV delay, or may use the DTS or PTS as a substitute for the VBV delay. The good thing is, of course.
- the recorded DTS or PTS may jump during playback.
- Add offset value and record to AUX-V The DTS obtained from the AUX-V of the group L is referred to as DTS0.
- the DTS acquired from the next picture to be linked and recorded is DTS2.
- the offset value is calculated based on DTS O-DTS 2 + (the number of copy pictures) X (the display time of the copy picture), and this is added to the DTS or PTS before recording.
- the value of vbv_delay-n of the next picture can be recognized as described above, but it is supplied from another electronic device.
- the value of vbv-delay_n of the next picture cannot be recognized, and it cannot be recorded as an auxiliary data on AUX-V during recording.
- the value of vbv-delay-1n of the next picture is calculated in advance at the time of recording, and this is calculated as AUX-V of the next picture. To record. This As a result, at the time of reproduction, vbv_delay_n of the next picture can be easily read, and continuous recording can be easily performed without breaking the input buffer.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example in which, when the value of vbv_delay n of the next picture is unknown, calculation is performed in advance at the time of recording.
- the image data processing device 1 is supplied with a data group that is supplied last and is composed of a P picture, a B1 picture, and a B2 picture in this order.
- the image data processing device 1 calculates the vbv—delay_n of the next picture to be supplied next to the data group L supplied last, vbv_delay_I of the P picture located at the head of the data group L, and the data From the transfer time (FT) and display time (ET) of group L, it is calculated by the following equation (1).
- vbv_delay_n vbv_delay_l + E T-F T (1)
- vbv_delay_n vbv_delay_l + 3003 X3-90000 Xd / Bitrate ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2)
- the image data processing device 1 records the vbv-delay_n obtained in this way in the AUX-V of the next picture.
- the DTS of the next picture can be obtained in advance by the same method in the case of recording the DTS as well as the case of recording the VBV delay for the AUX-V.
- the image data processing device 1 can obtain the value of vbv_delay-n of the next picture based on the above-described calculation formula (1) or (2) even if the value of vbv_delay-n is unknown. Therefore, it is not necessary to read out all the image data already recorded immediately before the recording end position and to calculate the picture size in order to obtain the initial value of the encoder during reproduction. Thereby, the image data processing device 1 according to the present invention The calculation time can be reduced, and the transition time of the REC operation can be shortened.
- the area next to the sync block in the AUX-V of the next picture is used.
- the data after the sync block is filled with Nu 11 data.
- the ECC processing unit 17 records all the supplied data streams and fills in the ECCB ank necessary for generating the base image data with a sync block or Null 1 data.
- a recording current used for recording on the tape 4 and a mechanism for recording the data stream on the magnetic tape 4 such as a rotating drum (not shown) are stopped. This is because, when recording on magnetic tape 4, if the recording current is stopped immediately after recording data on the last track to be recorded, an error may occur in the helical track to be recorded last. This is because an extra recording current is supplied because of the potential for recording.
- data is recorded on the magnetic tape 4 for each data group composed of three frames.
- an I-picture or a P-picture exists at a re-recording position of a designated next picture while viewing a reproduced image Is the re-recording position of the next picture immediately before the I-picture or P-picture.
- the B-picture exists at the re-recording position of the specified next picture, the B-picture is The immediately preceding I-picture or P-picture at the head of the constituent detag loop is the re-recording position of the next picture.
- the ECC processing unit 17 determines the re-recording position of the next picture in this way according to the picture type existing at the specified recording position, and rewinds and reproduces the magnetic tape 4 according to the determined recording position. Then, these are sequentially written to the ECCB ank memory. At that time, the I-picture or P-picture of the determined re-recording position or the data group located immediately after the re-recording position is searched via the DTS, etc., and the EC CB including the AUX-A at the head of the pack is searched. Only the ank and the subsequent ECCB ank are stored in the ECCB ank memory, and the subsequent writing of the ECC bank to the ECC bank memory is stopped to prepare for recording of the next picture. At this time, similarly, VB V delay, DTS, etc. may be extracted from AUX-V where the END point flag exists.
- the newly input data stream is written back from ECCBank as follows. That is, the data stream in the sync block immediately before the re-recording position is left as it is in the ECCB ank memory. Then, the newly input data stream is overwritten on the sync block after the re-recording position, and synthesized on the ECCBank memory. At this time, the new data stream is overwritten and the C2 parity is regenerated for each data stream in the ECCCBnk memory synthesized.
- playback is performed while visually recognizing the track number of the data stream to be played back, and continuous recording is performed from the track that matches the track number assigned to ECCB ank. That is, by continuing the data stream before and after the rewriting on the magnetic tape 4, smooth reproduction can be realized without performing any special processing at the re-recording position where the continuous recording starts.
- the image data processing device 1 obtains vbv_de 1 ay_n of the next picture recorded in AUX-V, converts this to the data occupancy (vbv_occupancy) of the VBV buffer in the encoder 13, Set the value as the initial value of the encoder.
- This VBV buffer is assumed to be a virtual buffer corresponding to the input buffer in the decoder 25, and should control the amount of code generated for each picture. Is provided.
- the vbv_occupancy of this VB V buffer can be calculated by the following equation (3) based on the inherited vbv—delay_n.
- vbv_occupancy vbv_delay_nX Bit rate / 9 0 0 0 0 Flow may occur, and the image quality may be continuously degraded. Therefore, regardless of the value of vbv_occupancy obtained by the equation (3), it is necessary to optimally control the value according to the capacity of the VBV buffer to prevent the image quality from deteriorating.
- the image data processing device 1 gradually corrects this vbv_occupancy from the initial value of vbv_occupancy calculated by the equation (3) (hereinafter, this initial value is referred to as vbv-occupancy_f), so that the optimal target value of vbv_occupancy is obtained. (Hereinafter, this target value will be referred to as vbv-one o ccupancy_t). More specifically, the difference between vbv-occupancy_f and vbv-occupancy_t is determined to determine the code generation correction amount required to converge to vbv_occupancy_t.
- this code generation correction amount is divided by the number of GOPs required to transition to vbv—occupancy—t (hereinafter, the number of GOPs is referred to as nuinber_GOP) to obtain code generation per GOP. Find the amount correction value. That is, the code generation amount correction value can be calculated by the following equation (4).
- Code generation correction value (vbv-occupancy—t—vbv—occ ⁇ ncy-f) / number—GOP
- the image data processing device 1 spends a plurality of GOPs to make a transition from vbv—occupancy— ⁇ to vbv—occupancy_t.
- the target vbv-occupancy_t can be gradually corrected by multiplying the number of GOPs (numbe and G0P), the amount of correction per GOP can be reduced, and Deterioration can be suppressed.
- FIG. 10 shows a flow of the code amount control in the encoder 13, and the arrow direction in the figure represents a time axis.
- step S11 the difference between Vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n and vbv_occupancy-t from equation (3) is determined.
- Step S 1 2 the difference between Vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n and vbv_occupancy-t from equation (3) is determined.
- Step S 1 2 the difference between Vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n and vbv_occupancy-t from equation (3) is determined.
- Step S 1 2 the difference between Vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n and vbv_occupancy-t from equation (3) is determined.
- Step S 1 2 the difference between Vbv-occupancy-f calculated based on vbv-delay_n and vbv_occupancy-t from equation (3) is determined.
- each image data except G0P head remains_bi for each frame in step S21, and the generated code amount is subtracted from G0P.
- the total addition amount corrected for each GOP in step S13 is added to the code amount of each image data that has passed through step S21, and further, step S2 3.
- the generated code amount in the frame based on the encoding processing of one frame unit is subtracted.
- the encoder 13 can obtain the G0P by performing the remain_bi with the code amount controlled in this way. Since the code amount of G0P of this remain_bi is controlled in GOP units, the image quality does not continuously deteriorate.
- This number—G0P may be set to any value, may be fixed to a fixed value, or may be set arbitrarily each time according to the value of vbv—occupancy—t—vbv_occupancy_f. If the temporary number-G0P is fixed to a fixed number, it can be equally allocated to each GOP regardless of the value of vbv_occupancy_t-vbv_occupancy-f. Also, numbe and G0P can be set arbitrarily each time according to the value of vbv—occupancyj—vbv_occupancy_f, so that the correction amount per GOP is determined first, and the necessary numbe and G0P are set later. Is also possible.
- the image data overnight processing device 1 allocates the above-mentioned “remain-bit_G0P” to each picture.
- the code amount to be allocated may be changed according to the complexity of each picture type.
- the coefficient indicating the complexity of the I picture is Xi
- the coefficient indicating the complexity of the P picture is Xp
- the coefficient indicating the complexity of the B picture is Xb
- the number of uncoded P pictures in the GOP is Np
- GO Assuming that the number of uncoded B pictures in P is Nb, the allocation coefficient Y_i for the I picture, the allocation coefficient Y-p for the P picture, and the allocation coefficient Y_b for the B picture are given by the following equations (5), Equations (6) and (7) can be used.
- Y_i HNp-Xp / Xi-1 / Kp + Nb-Xb / Xi-1 / b (5)
- the code amount to be allocated to each picture type can be obtained.
- the initial values of Xi, Xp, and Xb may be set to 1.39xbitrate, 0.52 Xbitrate, and 0.37Xbitrate, respectively.
- vbv_oc cupancy_f is extremely small in relation to the amount of generated code of the next picture to be seamlessly recorded, the amount of generated code of the next picture is restricted so that underflow of the VBV buffer does not occur during encoding.
- the image quality will be degraded.
- number-G0P is fixed to a fixed value, the first number GOP before transitioning to vbv_occupancy_t is extremely low in vbv_occupancy, so the image quality is significantly degraded and the optimal vbv Since it takes a long time to transition to occupancyj, image quality cannot be improved early.
- the amount of code generation correction per GOP is increased in order to shorten the transition time to vbv-occupancy-t, the image quality is significantly degraded until the transition to vbv-occupancy-t.
- a copy picture is inserted when the value of vbv_occupancy-f calculated by Expression (3) falls below a predetermined set value. This allows the user to select screen hold rather than significant image quality degradation.
- the number of inserted copy pictures (N) is determined by calculation so that vbv-occupancyj2 obtained according to vbv-delay_n2 of the next picture is equal to or larger than a set value.
- N the number of inserted copy pictures
- the time t42 at which the next picture is extracted is delayed by N pictures, so that vbv_delay_n2 becomes longer by N pictures.
- vbv_delay_n2 is shortened accordingly.
- vbv_delay-n2 is represented by the following equation (8).
- vbv— delay— n2 vbv— del ay one n + NX (ET— FT) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (8)
- the display time ET of the copy picture is 3003 when the frame frequency is 29.997 Hz, and 3600 when the frame frequency is 25 Hz.
- the number of copy pictures (N) is calculated and obtained such that vbv_delay-n2 is equal to or greater than the set value of vbv_delay (vbv_delay_s) calculated from the set value of vbv-occupancy using equation (3). That is, the following equation (9) can be derived based on the above-mentioned equation (8).
- the number of copies (N) to be inserted is obtained by the following equation (10) obtained by modifying equation (9).
- Control vbv_occupa ncy When connecting and recording data streams input from other electronic devices, Control vbv_occupa ncy by inserting a stuffing byte in addition to the peak picture.
- the number of copy pictures and the amount of stuffing bytes can be determined by the following method.
- vbv-de 1 ay_n is obtained from AUX-V of the next picture located immediately after the recording END point.
- the VB V delay is obtained from the header of the I picture located at the head of the supplied image data, and this is referred to as vbv_delay-n3. I do.
- the Bitrate expressed in units of 400 bps is obtained from the header of the next picture.
- T_copy obtained by converting the transfer time into 90 kHz units can be expressed by the following equation (11).
- T_copy B_copy / BitrateX conversion factor ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1 1)
- This conversion coefficient is 180,000 in units of 90 KHz according to the following equation (12).
- the obtained difference value VBVD_TN of the VB V delay can be defined by the following equation (13).
- N_copy VBVD_TN / (ET-T one copy)
- T Stuf (ET— T copy) XN-VBVD TN
- B_Stuf T_Stuf xBitrate / 1800
- the image data processing apparatus 1 when a data stream is input from another electronic device, the image data processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention inserts a copy picture according to the obtained vbv_delay-1 n and vbv-delay_n3, respectively.
- stuffing bytes can be inserted.
- vbv_delay_n3 a copy picture can be inserted and a stuffing byte can be inserted regardless of the value of vbv_delay_n, so that the image quality can be reduced to the desired vbv_occupancy with little deterioration in image quality. Can be controlled.
- step into integers If a fraction occurs during the stepping by this integer, the fraction is rounded up to reduce the rate of the sequence header Z GOP header.
- the calculated correction value is used when inheriting vbv-delay-n of the next picture, and when calculating the copy picture and stuffing amount.
- AUX-V is provided on each magnetic tape, and a data group including an I picture or a P picture at the head and including a B picture has already been recorded.
- a data group L last supplied to the image data processing device 1 is shown as an example of the background image data.
- the recording group N 1 including the next picture to be recorded for the first joint recording is recorded.
- AUX-V is also provided for recording the supplementary data in the evening group N1.
- E dit AUX_V_h an import data group including copy pictures and / or stuffing bytes is recorded.
- This EditPack-V-h is provided according to the bit occupancy of the VBV buffer.
- the EditPack—V—h which combines the copy pictures and stuffing bytes, is recorded as a data group independent of the data group L ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ data overnight group N1. This makes it possible to separate only this EditPack__V—h according to the situation.
- E dit AUX—V—h record the value corresponding to the VBV delay of staffing.
- the vbv_delay_n recorded in the AUX-V of the overnight group N1 may be inherited and recorded in this Edit AUX-V_h.
- Figure 15 shows the data occupied by the VBV buffer with respect to the time when the second splicing recording is performed with the head of the data group N1 in which the first splicing recording was performed as the re-recording position. ing.
- the VBV delay (vbv_delay_h2) of the data group N2 is larger than the VBV delay (vbv—delay_hl) of the data group N1, and vbv_delay—less than n
- unnecessary stuffing bytes and the like have already been recorded via EditPack_V_h.
- the Edit Pack—V—h including the stuffing bytes and the like in the first continuous recording is removed before the data group N 2 is supplied. . Therefore, the amount of stuffing bytes to be inserted can be determined between vbv_delay_h2 and vbv-delay-n, ignoring vbv_delayjil. In addition, unnecessary stuffing bytes and the like are not recorded, and the occurrence of useless screen hold can be suppressed.
- EditPack_V_h1 is composed of only stuffing bytes, a PES header is added to only the Es constituting the stuffing byte, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 shows vbv_delay_hl starting from t62 by inserting a copy picture and stuffing into vbv-delay_n starting from t61.
- vbv_delay_h2 to which the second splicing recording is performed and to which additional stuffing is added starts at t63 which is delayed from t62 by the additional stuffing.
- Vbv— ( ⁇ 1 & -112 and 13 ⁇ _ (161 & -11)
- the wasteful screen hold is reduced by the amount of the edging peat in Edit Pack—V—h that is removed during the second continuous recording. Will occur.
- the recording start position at the time of the second splicing recording is controlled to be a time t 71 which is delayed by an additional stuffing amount from the time t 61 which is the start time of vbv_delay 1 n. I do.
- Edit Pack—V_h in which the amount of stuffing bytes during the first splicing recording was recorded is removed once, and additional staff is added between vbv—delay_li2 and vbv—delay—n. Calculate the amount of stuffing and insert the calculated amount of stuffing before the next picture. Thereby, useless screen hold can be reduced.
- a flag for identifying a copy picture or a flag for identifying the number of the copy pictures may be recorded in EditAUX-Vh.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- the present invention can be applied not only to recording on a magnetic tape 4 but also to other recording media using other magnetic disks.
- the above method can be applied to broadcasting.
- the image data processing apparatus and method according to the present invention can separate and remove EditPack_V-h recorded during the first continuous recording. As a result, unnecessary stuffing bytes and the like are not recorded, and the occurrence of useless screen hold can be suppressed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
- Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03741158A EP1521460A4 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-02 | IMAGE DATA PROCESSING DEVICE AND METHOD |
| US10/520,446 US20050232596A1 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-02 | Image data processing device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002199073A JP3736504B2 (ja) | 2002-07-08 | 2002-07-08 | 画像データ処理装置及び方法 |
| JP2002-199073 | 2002-07-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004008752A1 true WO2004008752A1 (ja) | 2004-01-22 |
Family
ID=30112449
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/008433 Ceased WO2004008752A1 (ja) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-02 | 画像データ処理装置及び方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050232596A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1521460A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3736504B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20050025328A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100440958C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004008752A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3892707A1 (en) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-10-13 | Dalli-Werke GmbH & Co. KG | Liquid detergent composition, kit and dosing system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4791129B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-03 | 2011-10-12 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 画像符号化装置、画像符号化方法及び画像編集装置 |
| JP5286050B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-09-11 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 符号化−復号化装置および映像伝送システム |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11205734A (ja) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-30 | Sony Corp | 圧縮画像データの編集装置及び圧縮画像データの編集方法 |
| JP2000092448A (ja) * | 1998-09-16 | 2000-03-31 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 情報記録装置及び情報記録方法 |
| JP2001275077A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-05 | Sony Corp | 磁気テープ記録装置および方法、磁気テープ再生装置および方法、磁気テープのフォーマット、並びに記録媒体 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1066008A (ja) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-03-06 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd <Kdd> | 動画像検索編集装置 |
| CN1224304A (zh) * | 1998-01-20 | 1999-07-28 | 日本胜利株式会社 | 数字视频信号记录装置和再生装置 |
| JPH11261958A (ja) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-24 | Sony Corp | 映像編集装置及び映像編集方法 |
| US6611624B1 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2003-08-26 | Cisco Systems, Inc. | System and method for frame accurate splicing of compressed bitstreams |
| EP1095520A2 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2001-05-02 | Limt Technology AB | Method and apparatus for splicing data streams |
| US6993081B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2006-01-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Seamless splicing/spot-insertion for MPEG-2 digital video/audio stream |
| US6792047B1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2004-09-14 | Emc Corporation | Real time processing and streaming of spliced encoded MPEG video and associated audio |
| US7292782B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2007-11-06 | Victor Company Of Japan, Limited | MPEG picture data recording apparatus, MPEG picture data recording method, MPEG picture data recording medium, MPEG picture data generating apparatus, MPEG picture data reproducing apparatus, and MPEG picture data reproducing method |
-
2002
- 2002-07-08 JP JP2002199073A patent/JP3736504B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-07-02 EP EP03741158A patent/EP1521460A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-02 WO PCT/JP2003/008433 patent/WO2004008752A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-02 US US10/520,446 patent/US20050232596A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-02 KR KR1020057000351A patent/KR20050025328A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-02 CN CNB038178281A patent/CN100440958C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11205734A (ja) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-30 | Sony Corp | 圧縮画像データの編集装置及び圧縮画像データの編集方法 |
| JP2000092448A (ja) * | 1998-09-16 | 2000-03-31 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 情報記録装置及び情報記録方法 |
| JP2001275077A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-05 | Sony Corp | 磁気テープ記録装置および方法、磁気テープ再生装置および方法、磁気テープのフォーマット、並びに記録媒体 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP1521460A4 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3892707A1 (en) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-10-13 | Dalli-Werke GmbH & Co. KG | Liquid detergent composition, kit and dosing system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1521460A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
| CN1672410A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
| KR20050025328A (ko) | 2005-03-14 |
| EP1521460A4 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
| JP3736504B2 (ja) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN100440958C (zh) | 2008-12-03 |
| US20050232596A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| JP2004048104A (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
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