WO2004037956A1 - Stabile polymerdispersionen und verfahren zur herstellung - Google Patents
Stabile polymerdispersionen und verfahren zur herstellung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004037956A1 WO2004037956A1 PCT/EP2003/009465 EP0309465W WO2004037956A1 WO 2004037956 A1 WO2004037956 A1 WO 2004037956A1 EP 0309465 W EP0309465 W EP 0309465W WO 2004037956 A1 WO2004037956 A1 WO 2004037956A1
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- polymer dispersion
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to polymer dispersions with high stability, processes for the preparation and the use of these polymer dispersions.
- Viscosity index improvers for motor oils are mostly essentially hydrocarbon-based polymers. Typical additional rates in motor oils are around 0.5 - 6% by weight, depending on the thickening effect of the polymers.
- Particularly inexpensive viscosity index improvers are olefin copolymers (OCP), which are mainly composed of ethylene and propylene, or hydrogenated copolymers (HSD) from diene and styrene.
- the synthesis of such systems basically includes the use of a so-called emulsifier or a dispersing component.
- Common dispersion components include OCP or HSD polymers, onto which mostly alkyl methacrylates or alkyl methacrylate / styrene mixtures have been grafted.
- dispersions are known in which a solvent is used which dissolves the methacrylate component of the dispersion better and the OCP or HSD component more poorly.
- a solvent together with the methacrylate part of the product forms the main component of the continuous phase of the dispersion.
- the OCP or HSD component formally represents the main component of the discontinuous or disperse phase.
- No. 4,149,984 describes a process for producing lubricating oil additives by improving the compatibility between polyalkyl methacrylates, hereinafter referred to as PAMA, and polyolefins.
- PAMA polyalkyl methacrylates
- the proportion by weight of the PAMA is 50-80% by weight, that of the polyolefin 20-50%.
- the total polymer content of the dispersion is 20-55%.
- dispersing monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone for grafting is also mentioned.
- methacrylates can be polymerized onto a polyolefin by grafting (DT-AS 1 235 491).
- EP-A-0 008 327 protects a process for the production of lubricating oil additives based on a hydrogenated block copolymer from conjugated dienes and styrene, styrene and alkyl methacrylates or exclusively alkyl methacrylates being grafted onto the hydrogenated block copolymer in the first stage and an additional grafting stage (e.g. N-vinyl pyrrolidone) is built up.
- the proportion of the hydrogenated block copolymer in the total polymer content is 5-55% by weight, that of the first grafting stage consisting of PAMA / styrene is 49.5-85% and the second grafting stage is 0.5-10%.
- Document DE 32 07 291 describes processes which enable an increased olefin copolymer introduction.
- the olefin copolymer content should be 20-65% in relation to the total weight of the dispersion.
- the object of the invention is that by using suitable solvents which poorly dissolve olefin copolymers and components which contain PAMA well, dispersions of a higher concentration are obtained.
- DE 32 07 291 is to be understood as a process patent, which describes in particular the production of the dispersions.
- DE 32 07 292 corresponds essentially to DE 32 07 291, but is rather to be understood as protection of certain copolymer compositions. These compositions are prepared by a method analogous to that described in DE 32 07 291.
- polymer dispersions described in the prior art already show a good property profile. However, their stability is particularly in need of improvement. It should be borne in mind here that polymer dispersions have to be stored for long periods of time without generally using cooling devices. The storage time includes, in particular, transportation, etc., with temperatures above 40 ° C or even 50 ° C.
- Another object was to provide polymer dispersions which have a high content of polyolefins, in particular of olefin copolymers and / or of hydrogenated block copolymers.
- polymer dispersions should be simple and inexpensive to produce, in particular using commercially available components. Production should be able to be carried out on an industrial scale without the need for new or structurally complex systems.
- the polymer dispersions according to the invention can achieve a number of further advantages. These include:
- the polymer dispersions according to the invention can comprise particularly high proportions of polyolefins which have a viscosity-index-improving effect or a thickening effect in lubricating oils.
- the polymer dispersions of the present invention can be adjusted to a predetermined viscosity in a particularly simple manner.
- Invention show low viscosity. •
- the preparation of the polymer dispersions of the present invention can be carried out particularly easily and simply. Conventional large-scale plants can be used here.
- the polymer dispersion comprises polyolefins which preferably have a viscosity-index-improving or thickening effect.
- polyolefins have long been known and are described in the documents mentioned in the prior art.
- polystyrene-diene copolymers examples include in particular polyolefin copolymers (OCP) and hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers (HSD).
- OCP polyolefin copolymers
- HSD hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers
- the polyolefin copolymers (OCP) to be used according to the invention are known per se. These are primarily polymers composed of ethylene, propylene, isoprene, butylene and / or other ⁇ -olefins having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, as have already been recommended as VI improvers. Systems which are grafted with small amounts of oxygen- or nitrogen-containing monomers (e.g. 0.05 to 5% by weight of maleic anhydride) can also be used.
- the copolymers containing diene components are generally hydrogenated to reduce the sensitivity to oxidation and the tendency to crosslink the viscosity index improvers.
- the molecular weight Mw is generally from 10,000 to 300,000, preferably between 50,000 and 150,000.
- Such olefin copolymers are described, for example, in German Offenlegungsschriften DE-A 16 44 941, DE-A 17 69 834, DE-A 19 39 037, DE-A 19 63 039 and DE-A 20 59 981.
- Ethylene-propylene copolymers are particularly useful; terpolymers with the known ter components, such as ethylidene norbomene (cf. Macromolecular Reviews, Vol. 10 (1975)) are also possible, but their tendency to crosslink during the aging process must be taken into account.
- the distribution can be largely statistical, but sequence polymers with ethylene blocks can also be used with advantage.
- the ratio of the monomers ethylene-propylene is variable within certain limits, which can be set as the upper limit at about 75% for ethylene and about 80% for propylene.
- polypropylene is already less suitable than ethylene-propylene copolymers.
- polymers with predominantly atactic propylene incorporation those with more pronounced iso- or syndiotactic propylene incorporation can also be used.
- Such products are commercially available for example under the trade names Dutral CO 034 ®, ® Dutral CO 038, Dutral CO 043 ®, ® Dutral CO 058, Buna ® EPG 2050 or Buna ® EPG 5050th
- the hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers are also known, these polymers being described for example in DE 21 56 122. They are generally hydrogenated isoprene or butadiene-styrene copolymers.
- the ratio of diene to styrene is preferably in the range from 2: 1 to 1: 2, particularly preferably around 55:45.
- the molecular weight Mw is generally from 10,000 to 300,000, preferably between 50,000 and 150,000.
- the proportion of the double bonds after the hydrogenation is at most 15%, particularly preferably at most 5%, based on the number of double bonds before hydrogenation.
- Hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers can be obtained commercially under the trade name ®SHELLVIS 50, 150, 200, 250 or 260.
- the proportion of components A) is at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight and particularly preferably at least 40% by weight, without any intention that this should impose a restriction.
- Component B) is formed by at least one dispersing component, which component can often be regarded as block copolymers. At least one of these blocks preferably has a high compatibility with the previously described polyolefins of components A), at least one further of the blocks contained in the dispersing components having only a low compatibility with the previously described polyolefins.
- dispersing component can often be regarded as block copolymers.
- At least one of these blocks preferably has a high compatibility with the previously described polyolefins of components A), at least one further of the blocks contained in the dispersing components having only a low compatibility with the previously described polyolefins.
- the residue compatible with component A) generally shows a non-polar character, whereas the incompatible residue is polar in nature.
- preferred dispersing components can be regarded as block copolymers which comprise one or more blocks A and one or more blocks X, the block A being olefin copolymer sequences, hydrogenated polyisoprene sequences, hydrogenated copolymers of butadiene / isoprene or hydrogenated Copolymers of butadiene / isoprene and styrene and the block X polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene or N-vinyl heterocyclic sequences or sequences from mixtures of polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene or Represents N-vinyl heterocycles.
- Preferred dispersion components can be prepared by graft polymerization, with polar monomers being grafted onto the polyolefins described above, in particular onto the OCP and HSD.
- the polyolefins can be pretreated by mechanical or / and thermal degradation.
- the polar monomers include in particular (meth) acrylates and styrene compounds.
- (meth) acrylates encompasses methacrylates and acrylates and mixtures of the two.
- a monomer composition comprising one or more (meth) acrylates of the formula (I) is used in the grafting reaction
- R is hydrogen or methyl and R 1 is hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the preferred monomers according to formula (I) include, among others, (meth) acrylates derived from saturated alcohols, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth ) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) acrylate, 2-tert.- Butylheptyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, 3-iso-propylheptyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, undecyl (meth) acrylate,
- Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates such as cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate, 3-vinylcyciohexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate.
- the monomer composition can have one or more (meth) acrylates of the formula (II)
- R is hydrogen or methyl and R 2 is an alkyl group with 2 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by an OH group or an alkoxylated group of the formula (III)
- R 3 and R 4 are independently hydrogen or methyl
- R 5 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 40 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 1 to 90.
- (Meth) acrylates of the formula (III) are known to the person skilled in the art. These include hydroxylalkyl (meth) acrylates such as
- Polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene derivatives of (meth) acrylic acid such as
- Tetrapropylengylcol (meth) acrylate Tetrapropylengylcol (meth) acrylate.
- the (meth) acrylates with a long-chain alcohol residue can be obtained, for example, by reacting the corresponding acids and / or short-chain (meth) acrylates, in particular methyl (meth) acrylate or ethyl (meth) acrylate, with long-chain fatty alcohols, a mixture of Esters, such as (meth) acrylates with different long-chain alcohol residues.
- fatty alcohols include, among others, Oxo Alcohol® 7911 and Oxo Alcohol® 7900, Oxo Alcohol® 1100 from Monsanto; Aiphanoi® 79 from ICI; Nafol® 1620, Alfol® 610 and Alfol® 810 from Condea; Epal® 610 and Epal® 810 from Ethyl Corporation; Linevol® 79, Linevol® 911 and Dobanol® 25L from Shell AG; Lial 125 from Augusta® Milan; Dehydad® and Lorol® from Henkel KGaA as well as Linopol® 7 - 11 and Acropol® 91 Ugine Kuhlmann.
- the monomer composition can have one or more (meth) acrylates of the formula (IV)
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- X is oxygen or an amino group of the formula -NH- or -NR 7 -
- R 7 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 6 is one with at least one -NR 8 R 9 - group substituted linear or branched alkyl radical having 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 8 and R 9 independently of one another are hydrogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms or in which R 8 and R 9 , including the nitrogen atom and optionally a further nitrogen or oxygen atom, form a 5- or 6-membered ring which can optionally be substituted by C 1 -C 6 -alkyl.
- the (meth) acrylates or (meth) acrylamides according to formula (IV) include, among others
- Aminoalkyl methacrylates such as tris (2-methacryloxyethyl) amine
- heterocyclic (meth) acrylates such as 2- (1-imidazolyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate
- the monomer composition can have styrene compounds. These include styrene, substituted styrenes with an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as. B. ⁇ -methyl styrene and ⁇ -ethyl styrene, substituted styrenes with an alkyl substituent on the ring, such as vinyl toluene and p-methyl styrene, halogenated styrenes such as monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes and tetrabromostyrenes.
- styrene compounds include styrene, substituted styrenes with an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as. B. ⁇ -methyl styrene and ⁇ -ethyl styrene, substituted styrenes with an alkyl substituent on the ring, such as vinyl toluene and
- the monomer compositions can be heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, 3-ethyl-4-vinylpyridine, 2,3-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperidine, 9-vinylcarbazole , 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpyrrolidine, 3-vinylpyrrolidine, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylbutyrolactam, vinyloxolane, vinylhenane, vinylfuran , Vinyl thiolane, vinyl thiazoles and hydrogenated vinyl thiazoles, vinyl oxazoles and hydrogenated vinyl oxazoles.
- styrene compounds and (meth) sty
- the aforementioned ethylenically unsaturated monomers can be used individually or as mixtures. It is also possible to vary the monomer composition during the polymerization.
- the weight ratio of the parts of the dispersing component, particularly blocks A, which are compatible with the polyolefins to the parts of the dispersing component, in particular blocks X, which are incompatible with the polyolefins can be within wide ranges. In general, this ratio is in the range from 50: 1 to 1:50, in particular 20: 1 to 1:20 and particularly preferably 10: 1 to 1:10.
- the manufacture of the dispersing components shown above is known in the art. For example, it can be produced by polymerization in solution. Such processes are described, inter alia, in DE-A 12 35 491, BE-A 592 880, US-A 4 281 081, US-A 4 338 418 and US-A-4,290,025.
- a mixture of the OCP and one or more of the monomers set out above can be placed in a suitable reaction vessel, suitably equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and metering line.
- a portion of a conventional radical initiator for example from the group of peresters, is set, initially for example about 0.7 wt .-% based on the monomers. Accordingly, a mixture of the remaining monomers with the addition of further initiator, for example about 1.3% by weight, based on the monomers, is metered in over a few hours, for example 3.5 hours. It is advisable to add some initiator some time after the end of the feed, for example after two hours. The total polymerization time can be taken as a guideline, for example, about 8 hours.
- the mixture is expediently diluted with a suitable solvent, such as, for. B. a phthalate such as dibutyl phthalate. As a rule, an almost clear, viscous solution is obtained.
- the polymer dispersions can be produced in a kneader, an extruder or in a static mixer.
- the treatment in the device reduces the molecular weight of the polyolefin, in particular the OCP or HSD, under the influence of the shear forces, the temperature and the initiator concentration.
- Suitable initiators in the graft copolymerization are cumene hydroperoxide, dicumylperoxide, benzoylperoxide, azodiisobutyric acid dinitrile, 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, diethylperoxydicarbonate and tert-butylperoxide.
- the processing temperature is between 80 ° C and 350 ° C.
- the residence time in the kneader or extruder is between 1 minute and 10 hours.
- the temperature and the concentration of free-radical initiators can be adjusted according to the desired molecular weight.
- the solvent-free polymer-in-polymer dispersion can be converted into an easy-to-handle, liquid polymer / polymer emulsion by incorporation into suitable carrier media.
- the proportion of components B) is generally up to 30% by weight, in particular this proportion is in the range from 5 to 15% by weight, without any intention that this should impose a restriction.
- the use of larger amounts of component B) is often uneconomical. Smaller amounts often lead to a lower stability of the polymer dispersion.
- Component C) is essential for the success of the present invention.
- the esters to be used in the polymer dispersions are known in the art.
- esters of dicarboxylic acids include in particular phosphoric acid esters, esters of dicarboxylic acids, esters of monocarboxylic acids with diols or polyalkylene glycols, esters of neopentyl polyols with monocarboxylic acids.
- phosphoric acid esters include in particular phosphoric acid esters, esters of dicarboxylic acids, esters of monocarboxylic acids with diols or polyalkylene glycols, esters of neopentyl polyols with monocarboxylic acids.
- Suitable esters of dicarboxylic acids are the esters of phthalic acid, in particular the phthalic esters with C4 to C ⁇ alcohols, dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate being particularly mentioned, and then the esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, in particular the esters of straight-chain dicarboxylic acids with branched-chain primary alcohols. Particular emphasis is given to the esters of sebacic, adipic and azelaic acid, in particular the 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl-3,5,5-trimethyl esters, and the esters with the C 6, C 9 and Cio oxo alcohols should be.
- esters of straight-chain primary alcohols with branched dicarboxylic acids are of particular importance.
- examples include the alkyl-substituted adipic acid, for example 2,2,4-trimethyladipic acid.
- Preferred esters have oxyalkyl groups in the alcohol residue (oligo). These include in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol groups.
- esters of monocarboxylic acids with diols or polyalkylene glycols the di-esters with diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol to decamethylene glycol, and also with dipropylene glycol as alcohol components should be emphasized.
- the monocarboxylic acids which are specifically mentioned are propionic acid, (iso) butyric acid and pelargonic acid - for example dipropylene glycol dipelargonate, diethylene glycol dipropionate - and diisobutyrate as well as the corresponding esters of triethylene glycol and the tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoic acid ester.
- esters can be used individually or as a mixture.
- the polymer dispersion preferably contains 2 to 40% by weight, in particular 5 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight of at least one ester.
- Component D) is mandatory for the present polymer dispersion, this component containing one or more ethers comprising at least one (oligo) oxyalkyl group.
- the compounds according to component D) preferably comprise 1 to 40, in particular 1 to 20 and particularly preferably 2 to 8, oxyalkyl groups.
- the oxyalkyl groups generally have the formula (V)
- R 6 and R 7 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 10
- the oxyalkyl groups include in particular the ethoxy, the propoxy and the butoxy groups, with the ethoxy groups being preferred.
- the hydrophobic radical of the ethoxylated alcohols preferably comprises 1 to 40, preferably 4 to 22 carbon atoms, it being possible to use both linear and branched alcohol radicals. Oxo alcohol ethoxylates can also be used.
- the preferred hydrophobic residues of these ethers include the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, pentenyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, 2-methylheptenyl, 3-methylheptyl, Octyl, nonyl, 3-ethylnonyl, decyl, undecyl, 4-propenylundecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, cetyleicos -, Docosyl and / or Eicosyltetratriacontyl group.
- ethers are the Lutensol ® A brands, especially Lutensol ® A 3 N, Lutensol ® A 4 N, Lutensol ® A 7 N and Lutensol ® A 8 N, ethers of the Lutensol ® TO brands
- ethers can be used individually or as a mixture.
- the polymer dispersion preferably contains 2 to 40% by weight, in particular 5 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight of ethers which comprise (oligo) oxyalkyl groups.
- the weight ratio of ester to ether with (oligo) oxyalkyl groups is in the range from 30: 1 to 1:30, preferably in the range from 15: 1 to 1:15, in particular in the range 5: 1 to 1: 5.
- the proportion of components C) and D) in the concentrated polymer dispersion can be in a wide range, this proportion being particularly dependent on the polyolefins and dispersing components used. In general, the proportion of components C) and D) together is 79 to 25% by weight, preferably less than 70, especially 60 to 40% by weight, based on the total polymer dispersion.
- the polymer dispersion according to the invention can contain further additives.
- carrier media can be used in the polymer dispersion.
- These include, in particular, mineral oils, it having surprisingly been found that the stability of the polymer dispersions can be increased by adding mineral oils.
- Mineral oils are known per se and are commercially available. They are generally obtained from petroleum or crude oil by distillation and / or refining and, if appropriate, further purification and upgrading processes, the term mineral oil in particular referring to the higher-boiling proportions of the crude or petroleum. In general, the boiling point of mineral oil is higher than 200 ° C, preferably higher than 300 ° C, at 5000 Pa. It is also possible to produce by smoldering shale oil, coking hard coal, distilling with the exclusion of air from brown coal and hydrogenating hard coal or brown coal. To a small extent, mineral oils are also made from raw materials of vegetable (e.g. jojoba, rapeseed) or animal (e.g. claw oil) origin.
- vegetable e.g. jojoba, rapeseed
- animal e.g. claw oil
- mineral oils have different proportions of aromatic, cyclic, branched and linear hydrocarbons depending on their origin.
- paraffin-based, naphthenic and aromatic components in crude oils or mineral oils, the terms paraffin-based component standing for longer-chain or strongly branched isoalkanes and naphthenic component for cycloalkanes.
- mineral oils have different proportions of n-alkanes, isoalkanes with a low degree of branching, so-called monomethyl-branched paraffins, and compounds with heteroatoms, in particular O, N and / or S, which are believed to have limited polar properties .
- the assignment is difficult, however, since individual alkane molecules can have long-chain branched groups as well as cycloalkane residues and aromatic components.
- the assignment can be made, for example, in accordance with DIN 51 378.
- Polar fractions can also be determined in accordance with ASTM D 2007.
- n-alkanes in preferred mineral oils is less than 3% by weight, the proportion of O, N and / or S-containing compounds is less than 6% by weight.
- the proportion of the aromatics and the monomethyl-branched paraffins is generally in each case in the range from 0 to 40% by weight.
- mineral oil mainly comprises naphthenic and paraffin-based alkanes, which generally have more than 13, preferably more than 18 and very particularly preferably more than 20 carbon atoms.
- the proportion of these compounds is generally> 60% by weight, preferably> 80% by weight, without any intention that this should impose a restriction.
- a preferred mineral oil contains 0.5 to 30% by weight of aromatic components, 15 to 40% by weight of naphthenic components, 35 to 80% by weight of paraffin-based components, up to 3% by weight of n-alkanes and 0.05 up to 5% by weight of polar compounds, in each case based on the total weight of the mineral oil.
- Aromatics with 14 to 32 carbon atoms :
- the polymer dispersion can comprise up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 30% by weight, of mineral oil.
- Preferred additives are other nonionic surfactants. These include, inter alia, fatty acid polyglycol esters, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkyl polyglycosides, fatty amine N-oxides and long-chain alkyl sulfoxides.
- the polymer dispersion of the present invention can comprise compounds with a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 9, in particular greater than or equal to 20 and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 30. It was surprisingly found that the Addition of these compounds can lower the viscosity of the polymer dispersion. This in particular allows the viscosity to be set to a predetermined value.
- the dielectric constant can be determined according to the methods given in the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, David R. Lide, 79th Edition, CRS Press, the dielectric constant being measured at 20 ° C.
- the particularly suitable compounds include water, glycols, in particular ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol; Alcohols, especially methanol, ethanol, butanol, glycerin; ethoxylated alcohols, for example 2-fold ethoxylated butanol, 10-fold ethoxylated methanol; Amines, especially ethanolamine, 1, 2-ethanediamine and propanolamine; halogenated hydrocarbons, especially 2-chloroethanol, 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1, 1-dichloroacetone; Ketones, especially acetone.
- glycols in particular ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol
- Alcohols especially methanol, ethanol, butanol, glycerin
- ethoxylated alcohols for example 2-fold ethoxylated butanol, 10-fold ethoxylated methanol
- the proportion of the compounds described above in the polymer dispersion can be in a wide range.
- the polymer dispersion generally comprises up to 15% by weight, in particular 0.3 to 5% by weight, of compounds with a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 9.
- the polymer dispersions can be prepared by known processes, these processes being set out in the aforementioned documents of the prior art.
- the present polymer dispersions can be prepared by dispersing component A) in a solution of component B) using shear forces at a temperature in the range from 80 to 180 ° C.
- Components B) generally comprise components C) and D). These components can be pre-dispersed, be added during or after the dispersion of components A).
- KV100 means the kinematic viscosity of a liquid measured at 100 ° C in a 150N oil.
- the viscosity is determined in accordance with DIN 51 562 (Ubbelohde viscometer).
- the concentration of the OCP in oil is 2.8% by weight.
- initiators such as the perinitiators di (tert-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and / or tert-butyl peroctoate were used as initiators for the preparation of the dispersions.
- the test is ended. Time and temperature up to this point in time are detected.
- the temperature is set again to 100 ° C., then 1.14 g of tert-butyl peroctoate is added and at the same time an inlet consisting of a mixture of 527.2 g of the C12-C16 alkyl methacrylate and 6.33 g of tert-butyl peroctoate is started.
- the run-in time is 3.5 hours.
- the feed rate is constant. Another 2 hours after the end of the feed, 1.15 g of tert-butyl peroctoate are added.
- the temperature is set again to 100 ° C., after which 1.14 g of tert-butyl peroctoate are added and at the same time a feed consisting of a mixture of 527.2 g of the C12-C16 alkyl methacrylate and 6.33 g of tert-butyl peroctoate is started.
- the run-in time is 3.5 hours.
- the feed rate is even. 2 hours after the end of the feed, a further 1.55 g of tert-butyl peroctoate are added.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN038242303A CN1688680B (zh) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | 稳定的聚合物分散体和制备方法 |
| BR0315563-3A BR0315563A (pt) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Dispersões poliméricas estáveis e processos para sua preparação |
| AU2003270109A AU2003270109A1 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Stable polymer dispersions and method for the production thereof |
| EP03750446A EP1554366A1 (de) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Stabile polymerdispersionen und verfahren zur herstellung |
| JP2004545760A JP2006503939A (ja) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | 安定なポリマー分散液及び製造法 |
| MXPA05004107A MXPA05004107A (es) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Dispersiones estables de polimero y procesos para la elaboracion. |
| CA2498869A CA2498869C (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Stable polymer dispersions comprising ester and ether compounds |
| US10/525,942 US7250458B2 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Stable polymer dispersions and method for the production thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10249294.8 | 2002-10-22 | ||
| DE10249294A DE10249294A1 (de) | 2002-10-22 | 2002-10-22 | Stabile Polymerdispersionen und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2004037956A1 true WO2004037956A1 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
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| PCT/EP2003/009465 Ceased WO2004037956A1 (de) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-08-27 | Stabile polymerdispersionen und verfahren zur herstellung |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7250458B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1554366A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2006503939A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101081755B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1688680B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003270109A1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0315563A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2498869C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10249294A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05004107A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004037956A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007025604A1 (de) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verbesserte Polymerdispersionen |
| CN101063062B (zh) * | 2005-12-12 | 2010-12-08 | 雅富顿公司 | 纳米球形添加剂和含有该纳米球形添加剂的润滑剂组合物 |
| JP2023024998A (ja) * | 2016-02-03 | 2023-02-21 | シージー ディスカバリー インコーポレイテッド | 異種エピトープ及び/又は改変された成熟切断部位を有するインフルエンザヘマグルチニンの組成物 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2477081C (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2009-12-01 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Copolymers as dewaxing additives |
| DE10249295A1 (de) | 2002-10-22 | 2004-05-13 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Polymerdispersionen mit hoher Stabilität und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE10249292A1 (de) * | 2002-10-22 | 2004-05-13 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Polymerdispersionen mit geringer Viskosität und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE10314776A1 (de) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-14 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Schmierölzusammensetzung mit guten Reibeigenschaften |
| DE102004018093A1 (de) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-27 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Polymere mit H-Brücken bildenden Funktionalitäten |
| DE102004018094A1 (de) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-11-03 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Polymere mit H-Brücken bildenden Funktionalitäten zur Verbesserung des Verschleißschutzes |
| US7429555B2 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2008-09-30 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Lubricating grease with high water resistance |
| DE102004021717A1 (de) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-24 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierfett |
| DE102004021778A1 (de) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-12-08 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verwendung von Polyalkyl(meth)acrylaten in Schmierölzusammensetzungen |
| DE102004034618A1 (de) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-16 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verwendung von Pfropfcopolymeren |
| DE102004037929A1 (de) * | 2004-08-04 | 2006-03-16 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verfahren zur radikalischen Polymerisation ethylenisch-ungesättigter Verbindungen |
| US7282552B1 (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-10-16 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Styrene copolymers with a bimodal molecular weight distribution |
| DE102006061103B4 (de) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-11-06 | Clariant International Ltd. | Dispersionen polymerer Öladditive |
| DE102010041242A1 (de) | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-29 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymerdispersionen |
| DE102013003282B4 (de) * | 2013-02-27 | 2016-09-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Trikresylphosphat-freies Öl und dessen Verwendung |
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- 2003-08-27 US US10/525,942 patent/US7250458B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 CA CA2498869A patent/CA2498869C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 KR KR1020057006886A patent/KR101081755B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 JP JP2004545760A patent/JP2006503939A/ja active Pending
- 2003-08-27 BR BR0315563-3A patent/BR0315563A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-27 EP EP03750446A patent/EP1554366A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-08-27 MX MXPA05004107A patent/MXPA05004107A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-27 CN CN038242303A patent/CN1688680B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 AU AU2003270109A patent/AU2003270109A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101063062B (zh) * | 2005-12-12 | 2010-12-08 | 雅富顿公司 | 纳米球形添加剂和含有该纳米球形添加剂的润滑剂组合物 |
| DE102007025604A1 (de) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verbesserte Polymerdispersionen |
| WO2008145414A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verbesserte polymerdispersionen |
| EP2476727A1 (de) | 2007-05-31 | 2012-07-18 | Evonik RohMax Additives GmbH | Verbesserte Polymerdispersionen |
| JP2023024998A (ja) * | 2016-02-03 | 2023-02-21 | シージー ディスカバリー インコーポレイテッド | 異種エピトープ及び/又は改変された成熟切断部位を有するインフルエンザヘマグルチニンの組成物 |
| JP7577101B2 (ja) | 2016-02-03 | 2024-11-01 | シージー ディスカバリー インコーポレイテッド | 異種エピトープ及び/又は改変された成熟切断部位を有するインフルエンザヘマグルチニンの組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0315563A (pt) | 2005-08-23 |
| JP2006503939A (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
| KR20050070074A (ko) | 2005-07-05 |
| CA2498869A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| CN1688680B (zh) | 2010-05-05 |
| CA2498869C (en) | 2012-08-07 |
| DE10249294A1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
| AU2003270109A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| US20050239937A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
| KR101081755B1 (ko) | 2011-11-10 |
| EP1554366A1 (de) | 2005-07-20 |
| US7250458B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
| MXPA05004107A (es) | 2005-06-22 |
| CN1688680A (zh) | 2005-10-26 |
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