WO2004052028A1 - Spread spectrum communication system - Google Patents

Spread spectrum communication system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004052028A1
WO2004052028A1 PCT/CN2003/000460 CN0300460W WO2004052028A1 WO 2004052028 A1 WO2004052028 A1 WO 2004052028A1 CN 0300460 W CN0300460 W CN 0300460W WO 2004052028 A1 WO2004052028 A1 WO 2004052028A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
baseband
radio frequency
subsystem
spectrum communication
base station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000460
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jiying Xiang
Yongzhi Zhang
Xianming Zhao
Daxiong Xie
Jinyun Zhu
Longming Zhu
Ri Yang
Wanchun Zhang
Weidong Li
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZTE Corp
Original Assignee
ZTE Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZTE Corp filed Critical ZTE Corp
Priority to AU2003242212A priority Critical patent/AU2003242212A1/en
Priority to EP03732198A priority patent/EP1570685A4/en
Priority to CNB038251493A priority patent/CN100525515C/zh
Publication of WO2004052028A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004052028A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to NO20053183A priority patent/NO334856B1/no
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/08—Intermediate station arrangements, e.g. for branching, for tapping-off
    • H04J3/085—Intermediate station arrangements, e.g. for branching, for tapping-off for ring networks, e.g. SDH/SONET rings, self-healing rings, meashed SDH/SONET networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly, to a spread-spectrum communication system that realizes separation of a baseband part and a radio frequency part of a base station, and is convenient for forming a ring network.
  • the spread spectrum communication system can be divided into multiple types according to different wireless modulation and demodulation technologies, such as IS95 CDMA, cdma2000, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and so on.
  • the fixed-side equipment for spread spectrum communication is composed of two parts, a base station controller (BSC) or a central node (RNC) and several base stations (BTS) or nodes (Node B).
  • BSC base station controller
  • RNC central node
  • BTS base stations
  • Node B nodes
  • the interface between the base station and the base station controller is called the Abis interface or the IuB interface. There is one such interface between each base station and the base station controller. Multiple base stations have multiple interfaces. Communicate with each other.
  • a base station In the existing spread spectrum communication system, a base station is responsible for one or a few radio frequency antenna feed systems to complete wireless service access in a region. Because the coverage area of a base station is limited, in order to complete a large area coverage, multiple base stations are required, and accordingly the base station controller must provide multiple interfaces. As a result, the number of base stations connected to the base station controller is large, which reduces the maintainability of the spread spectrum communication system to a certain extent and increases the input cost.
  • Baseband and radio frequency as a whole have complex structures and difficult outdoorization. Due to geographical separation, each base station needs to rent a machine room, so n base stations need to rent n machine rooms, which increases the cost of operators.
  • Star networking requires more optical fibers, especially in the baseband part, and requires multiple radial optical fibers.
  • Chain networks require fewer optical fibers, but have lower reliability. Power failure or damage to the previous stage will cause the subsequent stage to fail. Thanks The environmental conditions in which the station is located are generally harsh, which may cause greater impact.
  • Ring networking can save a lot of optical fiber, P can reduce the difficulty of network deployment, improve reliability, and star and chain can be regarded as a special form of ring network.
  • ring networking is the most difficult.
  • Optical synchronous transmission network SDH can realize a variety of networking forms including ring networking, but it is difficult to meet the requirements of baseband to radio frequency transmission. The main problems are as follows:
  • the transmission delay between the baseband and the radio frequency needs to be accurately measured in real time (the delay will change with the state of the link switching, and this problem does not exist in chain or star networks) , And then adjust the forward transmission time advance according to the delay, so as to reversely modify the center of the search window.
  • SDH does not support real-time measurement of transmission delays related to switching.
  • signals from baseband to radio frequency require fast rates, high real-time requirements, and small switching delays.
  • the transmission from baseband to radio frequency is not synchronized with the standard rate set of SDH. The above characteristics make SDH difficult to meet the needs of mobile communication baseband to radio frequency transmission.
  • a characteristic of the ring network from baseband to radio frequency is that the baseband part is the sole source in the forward direction and the sole destination in the reverse direction. There is no direct communication between radio frequency and radio frequency. This feature can be used to make some specific optimizations from baseband to RF ring network.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the poor maintainability and high cost of the existing spread spectrum communication system. Disadvantages, a spread-spectrum communication system is proposed, and it is convenient to construct a network structure with high real-time performance and high transmission efficiency that can meet the requirements of baseband to radio frequency transmission.
  • One of the technical solutions of the present invention is: Proposing a spread spectrum communication system including a base station controller, which is characterized in that it further includes a centralized baseband system and a radio frequency system;
  • the centralized baseband system and the base station controller are connected through an Ab is or an Iub interface;
  • the centralized baseband system includes at least one baseband subsystem and a clock subsystem, and the clock subsystem provides the baseband subsystem Clock signal, the baseband subsystem and the radio frequency system are connected through an internal interface.
  • the second technical solution of the present invention is: a spread spectrum communication system including a base station controller, which is characterized in that it further includes a centralized baseband system and a radio frequency system;
  • the centralized baseband system and the base station controller are connected through an Abis or Iub interface;
  • the centralized baseband system includes a baseband subsystem and a clock subsystem that provides a clock signal for the baseband subsystem;
  • the baseband The subsystem further includes a master control baseband subsystem and a plurality of slave baseband subsystems; the master control baseband subsystem is connected to each slave baseband subsystem to implement centralized control of each baseband processing subsystem;
  • the slave baseband subsystem and the radio frequency system are connected through an internal interface.
  • the baseband system sends forward signals to two ring links at the same time.
  • the radio frequency system simultaneously receives forward signals from two links, but only one of them is selected at any one time.
  • the selection is done by a selector controlled by the link state.
  • the selector switches to the appropriate link (for example, if any one path is damaged, the other path is switched, and if both paths are normal, either path is selected).
  • the radio frequency system sends reverse signals to both directions of the ring link at the same time.
  • the baseband system receives the reverse signals from two links at the same time, but only one of them is selected at any one time. The selection is done by a selector controlled by the link state. When the link is abnormal, the selector switches to the appropriate link.
  • the present invention centralizes the baseband system parts of multiple base stations together, the number of base stations is reduced, and the number of interfaces between the base station and the base station controller is reduced, while still achieving the same coverage effect.
  • the centralized baseband system and the radio frequency system are completely independent, which brings great convenience to site layout.
  • the RF system can be closer to the antenna feed, thereby reducing antenna feed loss, P low base station transmit power and input power requirements.
  • each site only has a radio frequency system, the structure is simplified, and it is easy to realize outdoor and miniaturization. It is allowed to use only one computer room in a large coverage area. If the centralized baseband system is also outdoor, there is no need to rent a computer room.
  • the base station can be installed at the same location as the base station controller, without being restricted by the geographic location of the radio frequency system, which saves operators a lot of costs and improves maintainability.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a spread spectrum communication system in the prior art
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spread spectrum communication system according to a first solution of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spread spectrum communication system according to a second solution of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a base station controller and a centralized baseband system installed at the same address in a spread spectrum communication system
  • FIG. 5 is a network structure of the spread spectrum communication system proposed by the present invention
  • Figure 7 Schematic diagram of chain network and star network as ring network
  • FIG. 8 is a networking embodiment of the spread spectrum communication system according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the fixed-side equipment for spread spectrum communication is divided into two components, a base station controller BSC (or central node RNC) and several base stations BTS (or node Node B).
  • the interface between the base station and the base station controller is called an Abis interface or an IuB interface.
  • Each base station corresponds to one such interface, and multiple base stations have multiple interfaces.
  • Each base station can communicate with each other through the base station controller.
  • the base station is generally divided into two parts, a baseband processing part and a radio frequency part.
  • the baseband processing part completes the processing of the digital baseband part and the interface with the base station controller.
  • the radio frequency part completes the up and down conversion of the signal, power amplification and transmission.
  • a base station is responsible for one or a few radio frequency systems to complete wireless service access in a region. Because the coverage area of a base station is limited, multiple base stations are required to complete a larger area coverage. Accordingly, the base station controller must provide multiple interfaces, which reduces the reliability to a certain extent.
  • the complex structure of the base station makes outdoorization difficult and costly.
  • Each base station needs to set up a computer room, in order to cover a large area, multiple computer rooms are required. Increased costs related to the computer room.
  • Each base station needs an accurate timing system.
  • multiple independent accurate timing systems are required, which results in a certain degree of cost increase and reliability reduction.
  • the present invention proposes a spread spectrum communication system of a first solution as shown in FIG. 2, which includes a base station controller, at least one centralized baseband system, and multiple radio frequency systems;
  • the baseband system is connected to the base station controller through an interface such as Abis or Iub;
  • the centralized baseband system includes at least one baseband subsystem and a clock subsystem.
  • the clock subsystem can be shared among various baseband subsystems, that is, clock signals are provided to multiple baseband subsystems at the same time.
  • the RF system is connected via an internal interface.
  • each baseband subsystem corresponds to a clock subsystem and provides a clock signal separately.
  • the present invention also proposes a second spread spectrum communication system, as shown in FIG. 3, including a base station controller, at least one centralized baseband system, and multiple radio frequency systems; the centralized baseband system and the base station controller Connected through interfaces such as Abis or Iub; the centralized baseband system further includes a clock subsystem, a master control baseband subsystem and a plurality of slave baseband subsystems; the clock subsystem provides each master control baseband subsystem and slave masters The control baseband subsystem sends a clock signal; the master control baseband subsystem is connected to each slave baseband subsystem, and centralized control is performed on each slave baseband subsystem.
  • multiple baseband subsystems can share the clock, so that it is not necessary to configure an independent accurate clock (such as Global Positioning System GPS) for each baseband subsystem, thereby reducing costs and increasing reliability.
  • an independent accurate clock such as Global Positioning System GPS
  • the centralized control appears to the base station controller as a unique base station, which can greatly reduce the total number of base stations carried by the base station controller, which is beneficial to the integration and reliability of the base station controller.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the installation of a centralized baseband system at the same address as a base station controller. It can be seen that the original remote interface between the base station controller and the base station has become a mega-jump interface, which has reduced restrictions on the transmission means, and allows the use of a simplified interface form with low requirements. For example, compression required to meet long-distance, low-bandwidth transmission requirements The protocol can be omitted, which greatly simplifies the settings of the base station and the base station controller.
  • the topology structure of the centralized baseband system and radio frequency through the ring network proposed by the present invention is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the Chinese fiber bidirectional ring is a basic structure, and other forms such as a 4-fiber ring network can also be derived from it.
  • a ring network can have a centralized baseband system and multiple radio frequency systems.
  • the radio frequency system obtains forward service data and signaling from the base station through the ring network, and the baseband obtains reverse service data and signaling from the radio frequency system through the ring network.
  • the radio frequency system terminates specific real-time forward data and initiates specific real-time reverse data
  • the baseband is the only data source in the forward direction and the only data destination in the reverse direction
  • the ring network is designed as a forward / reverse multiplexed, fully backed up network that supports fast switching transmissions.
  • Figure 5 shows an example of a simple ring network containing two RF systems R1 and R2. The two RF sites divide the entire ring into three parts.
  • Figure 5a shows the forward-reverse multiplexing mode during normal operation;
  • Figure 5a shows the signals transmitted under normal conditions for each segment during normal operation.
  • the data transmitted by the three optical fibers in the clockwise direction are:
  • the inner loop transmission R1 forward + R2 forward
  • the outer loop transmission R1 reverse + R2 reverse.
  • the inner ring transmission R1 reverse + R2 to the front
  • outer loop transmission R1 before R2 + reverse direction.
  • the operation performed by R1 is: receiving the forward data belonging to R1, and inserting the reverse data of R1 in the original forward time slot.
  • the inner ring operation is the same as the outer ring operation.
  • Each radio frequency system is assigned some specific time slots.
  • the baseband sends the same data to the inner ring and the outer ring at the same time.
  • both loops have data transmission, it chooses only one of them as the true forward data transmission.
  • each RF system sends data to the inner and outer rings simultaneously. Since the RF system has terminated its forward time slot, this time slot can be used to transmit the reverse data of the station. In this way, forward data and reverse data belonging to the same radio frequency system share a time slot, which effectively saves bandwidth.
  • the link selector In baseband, reverse data is received from both the inner and outer loops. However, the link selector only selects one of them for processing. Different radio systems can choose different active links at the same time. For example, at time TO, the R1 active link is the inner ring, and the R2 active link may be the outer ring. The link selector selects an appropriate link according to the state of the link. When a link abnormality occurs, the link selector switches accordingly.
  • Figure 5b shows the way of forward and backward multiplexing when abnormal.
  • the inner loop transmission R1 forward + R2 forward
  • the outer loop transmission R1 reverse + R2 reverse.
  • the inner ring transmission R1 reverse + R2 forward.
  • Outer loop transmission R1 forward + R2 reverse.
  • the operation performed by R1 is: receiving the forward data belonging to R1, and inserting the reverse data of R1 in the original forward time slot.
  • the inner ring operation is the same as the outer ring operation.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the implementation of the RF system side in a ring networking system.
  • the forward / reverse mixed data from the upstream RF system is divided into two paths after receiving and framing: one path enters the forward buffer, first selects its own time slot, and then forwards the forward data with the outer loop. Together, it enters a selection circuit to select the active forward output according to a certain rule; the other path enters the add / drop multiplexing unit.
  • the add / drop multiplexing unit simultaneously receives the reverse signal generated locally and replaces the reverse signal with the RF system Time slot occupied by the forward direction. Then send it downstream through the sending module of the inner ring.
  • the process of the outer ring is similar.
  • the reverse signal is broadcast to the inner and outer rings.
  • the selection of the forward signal of the RF system depends on the current link status, and it can also be selected manually.
  • the implementation device of the ring network on the baseband side is similar to the radio frequency system, but it broadcasts forward data at the same time on the inner and outer rings, and selects the activation path in the reverse direction according to certain rules for each radio frequency system.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a chain network and a star network as a ring network.
  • FIG. 7a is a typical ring network without double fiber blocking.
  • the dotted line can be regarded as the first Make a typical ring network, and then imagine that the silent fiber of the dotted line has been blocked, so it can be regarded as a ring network blocked by a Chinese fiber.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a network connection between a radio frequency part of a spread spectrum communication system and a centralized baseband system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 summarizes the ring network networking, star network networking, and chain network networking of the radio frequency system.
  • each radio frequency system is separately connected to a centralized baseband system. In this way, each radio frequency system is connected to each other. A star connection is formed between them; the second is that a plurality of RF systems are connected in series to form a chain, and one end of the RF system is connected to a centralized baseband system; The system is connected to the centralized baseband system side, and these radio frequency systems form a ring.
  • any one of the above three networking modes can be connected to the centralized baseband system; Any two ways are connected to the centralized baseband system.
  • the mechanism of the forward and reverse multiplexing described in the present invention is completely suitable for the network structure of any combination described above.
  • the above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Description

扩频通信系统
技术械
本发明涉及无线通讯领域， 更具体地说，涉及一种实现基站的基带部分与 射频部分相分离， 便于组成环形网络的扩频通信系统。 背景技术
扩频通信系统根据无线调制解调技术的不同可分为多种，例如 IS95 CDMA, cdma2000, WCDMA, TD- SCDMA等等。 扩频通信固定侧设备由两个部分组成， 一 个基站控制器（ BSC )或中心节点（ RNC )以及若干基站 ( BTS )或节点（ Node B )。 基站与基站控制器之间的接口， 称为 Abi s接口或 IuB接口， 每个基站与基站 控制器之间有一个这样的接口， 多个基站就有多个接口，基站之间通过基站控 制器互相通讯。
现有的扩频通信系统中，一个基站负责一个或少数几个射频天馈系统， 完 成一个地区的无线业务接入。 由于一个基站的覆盖区域有限， 为完成一个较大 的区域覆盖， 需要多个基站， 相应地基站控制器必须提供多个接口。 导致与基 站控制器连接的基站数量众多， 在一定程度上降低了扩频通信系统的可维护 性， 增加了投入成本。 基带与射频作为一个整体， 结构复杂， 室外化困难， 则 由于地理位置的分离，每个基站需要租用一个机房， 这样 η个基站就需要租用 η个机房， 增加了运营商的成本。
另外在基带与射频之间， 目前一般采用星形组网， 也有采用链形组网的。 星形组网要求的光纤较多， 尤其是在基带部分， 要求放射状的多对光纤。链形 网要求的光纤数少，但可靠性低。 前级断电或损坏将导致后级的失效。 由于基 站所处在环境条件一般都比较恶劣， 有可能造成较大影响。
环形组网能大量节省光纤， P争低布网难度， 提高可靠性， 而且可将星形、 链形看作是环网的一种特殊形式。 但环形组网难度最大。 光同步传输网络 SDH 能实现包括环形组网在内的多种组网形式， 但难以满足基带至射频传输的需 求， 主要有存在如下问题：
在移^通讯系统中.， 某些制式（例如 CDMA )要求基站天馈发送与系统时 间精确同步。因此需要由基带部分通过精确定时系统（例如全球定位系统 GPS ) 得到系统时钟边界， 并向全网广播周期性的边界信号。 传输这种边界信号， 最 优的方式在前反向数据中， 同步地插入时钟边界信息，这给基带射频接口处理 带来一些开销。 另外， 如果基带与射频非同址安装， 则需要实时地精确测量基 带到射频之间的传输延迟（该延迟会随链路倒换的状态而改变，链形或星形组 网不存在这个问题）， 再根据延迟调整前向的发射时间提前量， 以反向修正搜 索窗口的中心。 而 SDH不支持与倒换相关的传输延迟实时测量。 此外， 基带到 射频的信号， 速率快、 实时性要求高， 要求倒换延迟小。 基带到射频的传输， 与 SDH的标准速率集不同步。上述特殊性使得 SDH难以满足移动通讯基带至射 频传输的需求。
基带到射频的环形网络， 一个特点在于， 基带部分是前向的唯一源， 也是 反向的唯一目的地， 不存在射频与射频之间的直接通讯。可利用这一特点对基 带到射频环网作一些特定的优化。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有的扩频通信系统可维护性差、成本高 的缺点 ,提出一种扩频通信系统，并且便于构造能满足基带至射频传输需求的， 高实时性、 高传输效率的组网结构。
本发明的技术方案之一是： 提出一种扩频通信系统， 包括基站控制器， 其 特征在于， 还包括一个集中基带系统和射频系统；
所述的集中基带系统与所述基站控制器通过 Ab i s或 Iub接口相连接； 所述的集中基带系统包括至少一个基带子系统和时钟子系统，所述时钟子 系统向所述基带子系统提供时钟信号，所述基带子系统与射频系统通过内部接 口相连接。
本发明的技术方案之二是： 一种扩频通信系统， 包括基站控制器， 其特征 在于， 还包括一个集中基带系统和射频系统；
所述的集中基带系统与所述基站控制器通过 Abi s或 Iub接口相连接； 所述的集中基带系统包括一个基带子系统和为所述基带子系统提供时钟 信号的时钟子系统；所述基带子系统进一步包括一个主控基带子系统和若干从 属基带子系统； 所述主控基带子系统与各从属基带子系统相连接，对各基带处 理子系统实行集中控制；
所述从属基带子系统与射频系统通过内部接口相连接。
所述基带系统， 同时向两条环形链路发送前向信号。
所述射频系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的前向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路。 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择。 在链路异常时， 选择器 倒换到合适的链路上去（例如， 如任何一路损坏则倒换至另外一路， 如两路均 正常则任选一路）。
所述射频系统， 同时向环形链路的两个方向发送反向信号。 所述基带系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的反向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路。 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择。 在链路异常时， 选择器 倒换到合适的链路上去。
由于本发明将多个基站的基带系统部分集中在一起，从而减少了基站的数 量，也减少了基站与基站控制器之间接口的数量， 而仍然能达到同样的覆盖效 果。 集中基带系统和射频系统是完全独立， 对站点布置带来艮大方便。射频系 统可以更靠近天馈，从而減少天馈损耗， P条低基站的发射功率及输入功率需求。 由于每个站点只有射频系统， 结构得到简化， 易于实现室外型以及小型化， 允 许在相当大的覆盖区域内只使用一个机房，如集中基带系统也为室外型， 则无 须租用机房。基站能与基站控制器在同一地点安装， 而不必受限于射频系统的 地理位置， 为运营商节省大量成本， 提高可维护性。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中扩频通信系统的结构图；
图 1为本发明提出的第一种方案的扩频通信系统的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明提出的第二种方案的扩频通信系统的结构示意图；
图 4为扩频通信系统中的基站控制器与集中基带系统同址安装的示意图； 图 5为本发明提出的扩频通信系统的组网结构；
图 6 环形组网中射频系统的信号处理装置；
图 7 链形网及星形网视同环网的示意图；
图 8是本 明所述扩频通信系统的组网实施例。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
扩频通信固定侧设备分为两个组成部分， 一个基站控制器 BSC (或中心节 点 RNC )和若干基站 BTS (或节点 Node B )。 基站与基站控制器之间的接口称 为 Abi s接口或 IuB接口， 每个基站对应一条这样的接口， 多个基站就有多条 接口， 各基站之间通过基站控制器才能互相通讯。基站一般分为两个部分， 基 带处理部分和射频部分。其中基带处理部分完成数字基带部分的处理以及与基 站控制器之间的接口。 射频部分则完成信号的上、 下变频， 功率放大及发射。
在如图 1所示的现有系统中，一个基站负责一个或少数几个射频系统， 完 成一个地区的无线业务接入。 由于一个基站的覆盖区域有限， 为完成一个较大 的区域覆盖， 需要多个基站， 相应地基站控制器必须提供多个接口， 在一定程 度上降低了可靠性。
基站结构复杂，导致室外化难度大，代价高。每个基站需要设置一个机房， 为覆盖一个较大的区域则需要多个机房。 与机房相关的成本上升。
每个基站都需要精确定时系统，对多个基站， 需要多套独立的精确定时系 统， 在一定程度上导致成本上升， 可靠性下降。
另外， 为了满足覆盖要求， 基站的地理位置必须分散， 这必然导致维护困 难。 本发明为解决上述现有技术的各种问题，提出如图 2所示的第一种方案的 扩频通信系统， 包括基站控制器， 至少一个集中基带系统和多个射频系统； 所 述的集中基带系统与所述基站控制器通过 Abis或 Iub等接口相连接； 所述的 集中基带系统包括至少一个基带子系统和一个时钟子系统，所述时钟子系统可 以在各个基带子系统间共享， 即同时向多个基带子系统提供时钟信号，所述基 带子系统分别与多个射频系统通过内部接口相连接。当然也可以设计为每个基 带子系统分别对应一个时钟子系统， 分别提供时钟信号。 此外， 本发明还提出第二种方案的扩频通信系统， 如图 3所示， 包括基站 控制器， 至少一个集中基带系统和多个射频系统； 所述的集中基带系统与所述 基站控制器通过 Abis或 Iub等接口相连接； 所述的集中基带系统还包括一个 时钟子系统、一个主控基带子系统和若干从属基带子系统； 所述时钟子系统向 各主控基带子系统和从属主控基带子系统发送时钟信号；所述主控基带子系统 与各从属基带子系统相连接， 对各从属基带子系统实行集中控制。
首先可以使多个基带子系统共享时钟，这样不需要为每个基带子系统配置 独立的精确时钟（例如全球定位系统 GPS ), 从而降低成本， 增加了可靠性。 其次，还可共享控制电路，共享与基站控制器的接口电路，同样可以降低成本， 简化设计， 以及增加可靠性。 另外， 集中式控制对基站控制器来说， 表现为一 个唯一的基站，这样可使基站控制器所带的基站总数大幅度减少，有利于基站 控制器集成度和可靠性的提高。
由于基带系统集中化， 以及射频系统远端化，从而为基站与基站控制器同 址安装提供了可能性， 并提高了这种配置方式的实际应用意义。 图 4为集中基 带系统与基站控制器同址安装的一个实例。可以看出，原先基站控制器与基站 之间的远程接口， 变成了 ^巨离接口， 所受传输手段限制减少， 允许使用要求 低的， 简化的接口形式。 例如， 为满足远距离、 低带宽传输要求而规定的压缩 协议可以省略， 这使得基站及基站控制器的设置大大简化。 本发明提出的集中基带系统与射频通过环形组网的拓朴结构如图 5所示， 汉纤双向环是基本的结构，也可由此衍生出 4纤环网等其它形式。一个环形网 上可以有一个集中基带系统和多个射频系统。射频系统通过环网从基站站中获 取前向业务数据和信令，基带则通过环形网从射频系统中获得反向业务数据和 信令。
利用无线通讯所特有的特点， 即射频系统终结特定的实时前向数据， 同时 发起特定的实时反向数据， 并且基带是前向唯一的数据源， 同时是反向唯一的 数据目的地； 可以将环网设计成前 /反向复用的、 完全备份的、 支持快速倒换 的传输的网络。
图 5所示的为包含两个射频系统 R1和 R2的一个简单环网示例，两个射频 站点将整个环分为 3个部分。
图 5a表示正常工作时前反向复用的方式；图 5a中标出了正常工作时每一 段在正常情况下传输的信号。 在正常工作状态下， 从基带 B0起， 沿顺时针方 向， 三段光纤传输的数据分别为：
在基带 B0至 R1光纤段上， 内环传输： R1前向 +R2前向， 外环传输： R1 反向 +R2反向。
在 R1至 R2光纤段上， 内环传输： R1反向 +R2前向， 外环传输： R1前向 +R2反向。 R1所作的操作是： 将属于 R1的前向数据接收下来， 并在原前向时 隙插入 R1的反向数据。 内环操作和外环操作相同。
在 R2至基带 B0光纤段上， 内环传输： R1反向 +R2反向， 外环传输： R1 前向 +R2前向。 R2所作的操作与 R1类似。
为每个射频系统分配一些特定的时隙，在前向，基带同时向内环和外环发 送同样的数据。 对射频系统来说， 虽然两个环路都有数据传送， 但它只选择其 中一路作为真正的前向数据发射。在反向，每个射频系统将数据同时发送到内 环和外环。 由于射频系统已将属于它的前向时隙终结， 因此该时隙可以用于传 输该站的反向数据。这样属于同一个射频系统的前向数据和反向数据共用一个 时隙， 有效地节省了带宽。
在基带， 同时接收来自内环和外环的反向数据。但链路选择器只选择其中 一路进行处理。 不同射频系统在同一时刻可以选取不同的激活链路，例如在时 刻 TO时， R1激活链路为内环， 而 R2激活链路可以是外环。 链路选择器根据 链路的状态选择合适的链路。 当发生链路异常时， 链路选择器发生相应倒换。
图 5b表示异常时前反向复用的方式。
当出现如图 5b所示的光纤断链异常肘， 从基带 B0起， 沿顺时针方向， 三 段光纤传输的数据分别为：
在基带 B0至 R1光纤段上， 内环传输： R1前向 +R2前向， 外环传输： R1 反向 +R2反向。
在 R1至 R2光纤段上， 内环传输： R1反向 +R2前向。 外环传输： R1前向 +R2反向。 R1所作的操作是： 将属于 R1的前向数据接收下来， 并在原前向时 隙插入 R1的反向数据。 内环操作和外环操作相同。
在 R2至基带 B0光纤段上， 内环传输： R1反向 +R2反向， 外环传输: R1前 向 +R2前向。 R2所作的操作与 R1类似。
此时， R1的前向仍可来自于内环， 但 R2的前向数据是来自外环的， 因为 内环已阻断。 同样 R1的反向数据也改由外环返回， 而 R2的反向仍可由外环返 回。
从上述分析看， 无论是正常状态还是异常状态， 虽然链路发生倒换， 但射 频系统对数据的截取和插入操作都相同。 并且内环与外环的操作也完全相同。 使得控制的复杂程度降低， 并且由于完全热备份， 倒换速度快。 图 6为环形组网体系中射频系统侧的实现框图。
对于内环， 从上游射频系统来的前 /反向混合数据经接收、 组帧， 分为两 路： 一路进入前向緩存， 首先选择出属于自己的时隙， 之后与外环的前向数据 一起，进入一个选择电路依据一定规则选出激活的前向输出； 另一路进入分插 复用单元，分插复用单元同时接收从本地产生的反向信号，将反向信号替换掉 本射频系统前向所占用的时隙。 然后通过内环的发送模块向下游发送。
外环的处理过程类似。反向信号对内环和外环是广播的。射频系统前向信 号的选择取决于当前链路的状态， 也可以人工强制选择。
基带侧的环网实现装置与射频系统类似，但它是在内外环同时广播前向数 据， 并针对每一个射频系统依据一定的规则在反向选择激活路径。
鉴于环形网带来巨大的灵活性，可将包括星形、链形在内的各种网络拓补 结构视同特殊的环网， 这样在不同的网络拓补结构下可采用相同的处理机制， 使得设计得到简化， 可靠性得到增强。 图 7为链形网及星形网视同环网的示意图。 其中， 图 7a为典型的没有双 纤阻断的环形网； 对于图 7b所示的链形网， 虚线部分的加入可以首先把它当 作一个典型的环形网， 然后想象其虚线部分的默纤已被阻断， 因此可视同一种 汉纤阻断的环网； 而对于图 7c所示的星形网， 同样如此， 可视为由多个各自 独立的、单节点构成的双纤阻断的环网。既然链形网及星形网都可以看作是异 常情况下的环网，所以， 本发明关于环网结构组网工作方式的上述分析同样也 适用于这两种网。
图 8是本发明所述的扩频通信系统的射频部分与集中基带系统的组网联 接的实例示意图。 图 8综合了射频系统部分的环网组网、 星网组网、链网组网 三种方式， 其一为每个射频系统都分别连接到集中基带系统上， 这样， 每个射 频系统彼此之间构成了星形连接; 其二为多个射频系统串联在一起,构成了链 形后，其中一端的射频系统与集中基带系统连接； 其三为将多个射频系统串联 在一起， 两端的射频系统都接到集中基带系统侧， 这些射频系统组成了环形。 需要特别指出的是： 除了该图 8给出的三种综合组网方式以外，还可以是上述 三种组网的任意一种方式与集中基带系统相连接；也可以是上述三种组网的任 意两种方式与集中基带系统相连接； 总之，本发明所述的前反向复用的机理完 全适合上述的任何一种组合的组网结构。 最后所应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案， 尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理 解：依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换， 而不脱离本发明的精神和范围 的任何修改或局部替换， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种扩频通信系统， 包括基站控制器， 其特征在于， 还包括一个集中 基带系统和射频系统， 其中：
所述的集中基带系统与所述基站控制器通过 Abi s或 Iub接口相连接； 所述的集中基带系统包括： 至少一个基带子系统， 以及时钟子系统， 所述 时钟子系统向所述基带子系统提供时钟信号；
所述基带子系统与射频系统通过内部接口相连接。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述时钟子系统， 可同时为每个基带子系统提供时钟信号。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的扩频通信系统, 其特征在于， 所述时钟子系统 的数量可以与基带子系统的数量相同并一一对应，所述时钟子系统分别为所对 应的基带子系统提供时钟信号。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述射 频系统可以是由多个射频系统构成的射频系统单元，其中的多个射频系统串联 在一起， 位于两端的射频系统分别与所述集中基带系统相连接形成环形网络。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 还包括另一组多 个串联在一起的射频系统，其中位于任意一端的射频系统与所述集中基带系统 相连接形成链形网络。
6、根据权利要求 1或 5所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 还包括另一 组多个射频系统，所述多个射频系统分别与所述集中基带系统相连接形成星形 网络。
7、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3或 5所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所 述集中基带系统与所述基站控制器同址安装。
8、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3或 5所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于： 所述集中基带系统， 同时向两条环形链路发送前向信号；
所述射频系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的前向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路， 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择， 在链路异常时， 选择器 通过倒换选择到合适的链路上去。
9、 据权利要求 1、 2、 3或 5所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于： 所述射频系统， 同时向环形链路的两个方向发送反向信号；
所述基带系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的反向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路， 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择， 在链路异常时， 选择器 通过倒换选择到合适的链路上去。
1 0、 一种扩频通信系统， 包括基站控制器， 其特征在于， 还包括一个集 中基带系统和射频系统； 所述的集中基带系统与所述基站控制器通过 Ab is或 Iub接口相连接； 所述的集中基带系统包括一个基带子系统和为所述基带子系统提供时钟 信号的时钟子系统；所述基带子系统进一步包括一个主控基带子系统和若干从 属基带子系统； 所述主控基带子系统与各从属基带子系统相连接，对各基带处 理子系统实行集中控制；
所述从属基带子系统与射频系统通过内部接口相连接。
1 1、 根据权利要求 10所述扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述时钟子系 统， 同时为每个基带子系统提供时钟信号。
1 2、 根据权利要求 10所述扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述时钟子系 统的数量与基带子系统的数量相同并——对应，所述时钟子系统分别为所对应 的基带子系统提供时钟信号。
1 3、根据权利要求 10、 11或 12所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 所 述射频系统可以是由多个射频系统构成的射频系统单元，其中的多个射频系统 串联在一起，位于两端的射频系统分别与所述集中基带系统相连接形成环形网 络。
1 4、 根据权利要求 13所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 还包括另一 组多个串联在一起的射频系统，其中位于任意一端的射频系统与所述集中基带 系统相连接形成链形网络。
1 5、根据权利要求 10或 14所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在于， 还包括 另一組多个射频系统，所述多个射频系统分别与所述集中基带系统相连接形成 星形网给。
1 6、 根据权利要求 10、 11、 1 2或 1 4所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在 于： 所述集中基带系统与所述基站控制器同址安装。
1 7、 根据权利要求 10、 11、 1 2或 1 4所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在 于： 所述集中基带系统， 同时向两条环形链路发送前向信号；
所述射频系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的前向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路， 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择， 在链路异常时， 选择器 通过倒换选择到合适的链路上去。
1 8、 根据权利要求 10、 11、 1 2或 1 4所述的扩频通信系统， 其特征在 于： 所述射频系统， 同时向环形链路的两个方向发送反向信号；
所述基带系统， 同时接收两条链路发送来的反向信号，但任一时刻只选择 其中一路， 由一个受链路状态控制的选择器完成选择， 在链路异常时， 选择器 通过倒换选择到合适的链路上去。
PCT/CN2003/000460 2002-12-03 2003-06-13 Spread spectrum communication system Ceased WO2004052028A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003242212A AU2003242212A1 (en) 2002-12-03 2003-06-13 Spread spectrum communication system
EP03732198A EP1570685A4 (en) 2002-12-03 2003-06-13 SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
CNB038251493A CN100525515C (zh) 2002-12-03 2003-06-13 扩频通信系统
NO20053183A NO334856B1 (no) 2002-12-03 2005-06-29 Spredt-spektrum kommunikasjonssystem

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN02151185.3 2002-12-03
CNA021511853A CN1505299A (zh) 2002-12-03 2002-12-03 一种扩频通信系统

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004052028A1 true WO2004052028A1 (en) 2004-06-17

Family

ID=32400072

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2003/000460 Ceased WO2004052028A1 (en) 2002-12-03 2003-06-13 Spread spectrum communication system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1570685A4 (zh)
CN (2) CN1505299A (zh)
AU (1) AU2003242212A1 (zh)
NO (1) NO334856B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2324303C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004052028A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100379305C (zh) * 2005-10-21 2008-04-02 芯通科技（成都）有限公司 无线通信基站/收发信机的环形连接方法及中频接口结构
CN101188818B (zh) * 2006-11-16 2011-08-10 华为技术有限公司 基站、基站中基带信号处理方法及无线通信系统
RU2360362C2 (ru) * 2007-02-12 2009-06-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Концерн "Созвездие" Способ дистанционного управления передающим радиоцентром
CN102104394B (zh) * 2009-12-18 2013-07-24 中国科学院国家天文台 一种低速率扩频通信发射基带系统
CN103888984A (zh) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种基站射频单元冗余热备份的方法及系统
WO2016092429A1 (en) * 2014-12-09 2016-06-16 Celeno Communications (Israel) Ltd. Su-mimo, mu-mimo and beamforming operations using synchronized wlan devices

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5471649A (en) * 1990-03-31 1995-11-28 Motorola, Inc. Base station transceiver diagnostic equipment
WO1999009769A1 (en) 1997-08-20 1999-02-25 Interwave Communications International Ltd. Methods and apparatus for improved base station transceivers
WO2000014986A1 (en) 1998-09-03 2000-03-16 Interwave Communications, Inc. Cellular network communication system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5327468A (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-07-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Synchronization of time-of-day clocks in a distributed processing network system
FI96565C (fi) * 1992-06-30 1996-07-10 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Piensoluradioverkko
US5495484A (en) * 1993-10-12 1996-02-27 Dsc Communications Corporation Distributed telecommunications switching system
US5544163A (en) * 1994-03-08 1996-08-06 Excel, Inc. Expandable telecommunications system
WO2002015436A2 (en) * 2000-08-15 2002-02-21 Telefonaktiebolaget L.M. Ericsson A method to utilize ring topology in communication channels linking cascaded radio heads

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5471649A (en) * 1990-03-31 1995-11-28 Motorola, Inc. Base station transceiver diagnostic equipment
WO1999009769A1 (en) 1997-08-20 1999-02-25 Interwave Communications International Ltd. Methods and apparatus for improved base station transceivers
CN1276133A (zh) * 1997-08-20 2000-12-06 因特威夫通讯国际有限公司 基站收发信机的改进方法和装置
WO2000014986A1 (en) 1998-09-03 2000-03-16 Interwave Communications, Inc. Cellular network communication system
CN1324552A (zh) * 1998-09-03 2001-11-28 因特威夫通讯有限公司 蜂窝网通信系统

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP1570685A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2005121516A (ru) 2006-01-27
RU2324303C2 (ru) 2008-05-10
EP1570685A1 (en) 2005-09-07
AU2003242212A1 (en) 2004-06-23
NO334856B1 (no) 2014-06-23
NO20053183L (no) 2005-06-29
CN100525515C (zh) 2009-08-05
EP1570685A4 (en) 2011-05-25
CN1695386A (zh) 2005-11-09
CN1505299A (zh) 2004-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4124499B2 (ja) 移動体通信システムにおいてソフトハンドオフを実施する方法及びそのための移動体通信システム並びに無線基地局
US7164917B2 (en) Radio access network apparatus and mobile communication system using the same
US7515568B2 (en) Neighborhood wireless protocol with switchable ad hoc and wide area network coverage
JP5341249B2 (ja) データ伝送の方法及びその装置
US20050152695A1 (en) Radio base station with multiple radio frequency heads
KR20030085137A (ko) 무선 통신 환경에서 코드 분할 다중 접속 통신을 위한시스템 및 방법
KR20030074411A (ko) 패킷송신시스템, 패킷송신방법, 패킷송신장치,홈에이전트, 이동단말기 및 액세스 라우터
RU2233046C2 (ru) Способ реконфигурирования ветвей разнесения сети радиосвязи при упорядочивании интерфейса ос-ркс (основная сеть-радиосетевой контроллер)
WO2018171123A1 (zh) 多数据模块共用射频天线通信系统及通信方法
US9204312B2 (en) Method for adding leaf node to multi-node base station
CN101188818B (zh) 基站、基站中基带信号处理方法及无线通信系统
CN100525515C (zh) 扩频通信系统
US20230209229A1 (en) Communication networks including serving area bridging connections and associated methods
CN100515138C (zh) 无线网络及基站的传输控制方法
CN102264161B (zh) 基站、基站中基带信号处理方法及无线通信系统
CN112235862A (zh) 一种无线网络组网系统及其数据传输方法和同步方法
EP1410575A1 (en) Providing redundancy in sectorized wireless communication system
CN113438656B (zh) 基于电力线和无线的双模多频组网方法及系统
CN100499839C (zh) 无线设备倒换方法、设备及网络
CN100379305C (zh) 无线通信基站/收发信机的环形连接方法及中频接口结构
CN114143726A (zh) 一种实现pdt直通转发组网的方法
WO2001058085A1 (en) Apparatus and method for distributing a signal to several base transceiver stations
KR100867902B1 (ko) 휴대인터넷 시스템의 교란장치 및 그 방법
CN121463057A (zh) 扩展型皮基站系统及共前传部署方法
JP2003204337A (ja) メッシュ型無線アクセスシステム用無線局

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 20038251493

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1162/KOLNP/2005

Country of ref document: IN

REEP Request for entry into the european phase

Ref document number: 2003732198

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2003732198

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2005121516

Country of ref document: RU

Kind code of ref document: A

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2003732198

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: JP