WO2004066522A1 - 無線通信方法及び無線通信端末 - Google Patents
無線通信方法及び無線通信端末 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004066522A1 WO2004066522A1 PCT/JP2003/017062 JP0317062W WO2004066522A1 WO 2004066522 A1 WO2004066522 A1 WO 2004066522A1 JP 0317062 W JP0317062 W JP 0317062W WO 2004066522 A1 WO2004066522 A1 WO 2004066522A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wireless communication
- transmission
- data
- transmission data
- writer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
- H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
- H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
- H04M1/72412—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories using two-way short-range wireless interfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/1215—Wireless traffic scheduling for collaboration of different radio technologies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal suitable for being applied to a mobile phone terminal, and more particularly to a technique in which a function for performing communication for a non-contact IC card is incorporated.
- non-contact IC cards have been used as railway tickets.
- a reader / writer for a non-contact IC card is installed at the ticket gate, and when passing through the ticket gate, the non-contact IC card is brought close to the reader / writer and stored in the non-contact IC card.
- Authentication processing is performed by reading the data that has been obtained.
- contactless IC cards are being used for electronic money cards, personal identification cards such as employee ID cards, and so on.
- the Nikkei Electronics no. 7985 5 to 60 pages shows this non-contact IC car.
- the contactless IC card does not necessarily have to be a force-type shape, but in the present specification, a contactless IC card that performs short-range communication by contactless is referred to as a contactless IC card or a contactless IC card. Called IC card.
- the non-contact IC card can be integrated with the portable electronic device owned by the user, or if the IC card can be mounted on the portable electronic device, the contactless IC card can be used. This eliminates the need to individually carry an IC card and a, which is convenient for users.
- One of the portable electronic devices in which such integration is assumed is a mobile phone terminal.
- a mobile phone terminal is a device that transmits and receives radio waves.Assuming that the mobile phone terminal and the non-contact Ic card are integrated, the exchange between the IC card and the reader / writer is performed. It is highly probable that the transmitted radio signals will adversely affect the signals used by mobile phone terminals for radio telephone communication with base stations.
- the frequency band of wireless signals used in mobile phone systems for example, several hundred MHz to several GHz
- the wireless signals transmitted between the contactless IC card and the reader Z writer Frequency band for example, several tens of MHz
- the harmonics of the signal wirelessly transmitted between the non-contact IC card and the reader / writer will be the interference of the wireless signal used in the mobile phone system.
- the wireless communication frequency as the IC card, the control unit operating clock frequency, and the mobile phone are used.
- a dedicated circuit for preventing interference may be added to the terminal, or a circuit part that functions as a mobile phone terminal and a contactless IC car Circuit part that functions as It was necessary to take measures such as shielding inside the equipment to prevent interference, and there was a problem that the equipment configuration became complicated.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to easily prevent mutual interference when a non-contact IC card function is incorporated in a mobile phone terminal. Disclosure of the invention
- the first invention executes a function of performing bidirectional first wireless communication with a predetermined station and a function of performing bidirectional second wireless communication with an adjacent reader / writer.
- Wireless communication method
- the temporary stop is a process of stopping input of transmission data to a buffer for temporarily storing transmission data.
- a third aspect of the present invention is the wireless communication method according to the first aspect, wherein the suspending is a process of suspending transmission data input to a buffer for temporarily storing transmission data. Even in such a case, the packet transmission by the first communication is continuously performed.
- a fourth invention is the wireless communication method according to the first invention, wherein the suspending is a process of stopping input of transmission data to a buffer for temporarily storing transmission data. Even in this case, the transmission of the packet by the first communication is continuously performed, and the packet transmitted without the data is transmitted at the lowest transmission rate.
- the temporary stop processing of the transmission data is canceled.
- the second wireless communication is a wireless communication method that operates using power from a power wave from the reader Z writer.
- a seventh invention is a first wireless communication processing unit that performs bidirectional first wireless communication with a predetermined station,
- a second wireless communication processing unit for performing bidirectional second wireless communication with a nearby reader / writer
- An eighth invention is the wireless communication terminal according to the seventh invention, wherein the temporary stop under the control of the control unit stops input of transmission data to a transmission data time storage buffer provided in the first wireless communication processing unit. This is the processing to be performed.
- the temporary stop under the control of the control unit stops input of transmission data to a transmission data time storage buffer provided in the first wireless communication processing unit.
- the control unit performs control for continuing transmission of the packet by the first communication even when the data stored in the buffer is exhausted.
- the temporary stop by the control of the control unit is performed by the transmission data stored in the transmission data time buffer provided in the first wireless communication processing unit.
- the control unit may transmit the bucket by the first communication even when there is no more data stored in the buffer.
- a packet that is controlled to be continued and is transmitted in a state where there is no data in the first wireless communication processing unit is a packet having the lowest transmission rate.
- An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the wireless communication terminal according to the seventh aspect, wherein the control unit detects the end of the wireless communication in the second wireless communication processing unit. This is to cancel the process of temporarily stopping transmission data in the processing unit.
- the second wireless communication processing unit operates with power obtained by receiving a power wave from the reader / writer. It is.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a mobile phone terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a processing configuration example of transmission data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a communication layer configuration example according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing example of starting the IC card communication according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process for terminating IC card communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows a theoretical example.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of transmission packet reception processing at Layer 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of transmission packet transmission processing at Layer 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a non-contact IC card function is incorporated in a mobile phone terminal that performs bidirectional wireless communication with a predetermined station (base station) prepared for the mobile phone. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the mobile phone terminal 100 of the present example includes a mobile phone unit 110 and a non-contact IC card function unit 120. The mobile phone unit 110 and the non-contact IC card function unit 120 are connected by a mobile phone-IC card communication interface 130 so that data can be transferred between them. It is supposed to be done.
- the non-contact IC card function section 120 may be configured to be integrated into the mobile phone terminal 100, but, for example, a card slot is provided in the terminal 100 and the A similar configuration may be adopted by mounting an IC card functioning as the non-contact IC card function section 120 on the card slot.
- the mobile phone unit 110 performs bidirectional wireless communication with a mobile phone base station 140 or the like. That is, an antenna 111 for wireless communication with the base station 140 is provided, and the antenna 111 is connected to the modulator 113 and the demodulator 114 through the antenna duplexer 112. Connected, the signal modulated for transmission by the modulator 113 is transmitted wirelessly from the antenna 111, and the signal received by the antenna 111 is demodulated by the demodulator 114. . Modulation processing and restoration by modulator 1 1 3 In the demodulation processing in the modulators 114, processing determined by the wireless telephone system to which the mobile phone terminal is applied is executed.
- the applicable radio telephone system such as the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) and TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) systems. Modulation and demodulation based on the processing method thus performed are executed.
- a telephone terminal of a W—CDMA (Wideband-CDMA) system which is one of the wireless telephone systems to which the CDMA system is applied, is described.
- the transmission signal to be supplied to the modulator 113 is generated in the controller 115. Also, the received signal demodulated by the demodulator 114 is supplied to the control unit 115.
- the control unit 115 includes a central control unit (CPU) 117 as control means for controlling the operation of the mobile phone terminal, and an input / output unit 111 connected to the control unit 115. 6 and the data transfer between the modulator 113 and the demodulator 114.
- CPU central control unit
- the input / output unit 116 includes, for example, a microphone and a speaker when the mobile phone terminal 100 is a terminal that performs a voice call.
- the mobile phone terminal 100 When the mobile phone terminal 100 is a terminal that handles various data, the mobile phone terminal 100 includes a circuit for inputting and outputting the data.
- the input / output unit 116 provided with a microphone and a speaker, the audio data picked up and output by the microphone is supplied to the control unit 115, and the audio data is controlled based on the control of the CPU 117. Then, control data and the like are added to the packet to make a packet-structured transmission signal, and the transmission signal is supplied to the modulator 113.
- control unit 115 extracts audio data and control data from the received packet-structured signal demodulated by the demodulator 114, and outputs the input / output unit 1 for the audio data.
- the control data is supplied to the speaker provided with the 16 and output, and the control data is supplied to the CPU 117.
- the transmission data supplied from the input / output unit 1 16 5 is temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 1 19 provided.
- the control unit 115 generates a transmission packet using the data stored in the transmission buffer 119 and supplies the packet to the modulator 113.
- the control unit 115 includes an external interface 118 for performing data transfer with the non-contact IC card function unit 120.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which control data is added to the output data of the transmission buffer 19.
- Data supplied from the preceding circuit (input / output section 116) to the input terminal 119a of the transmission buffer 119 is stored in the memory in the transmission buffer 119.
- the data stored in the transmission buffer 119 is supplied to the quadrature modulator 162 via the multiplier 161, and is superimposed on the control data by the quadrature modulator 162.
- the control data supplied to the input terminal 163 is supplied to the quadrature modulator 162 via the multipliers 1664 and 1655.
- the transmission data output from the transmission buffer 119 is output as a user data transmission channel (Dedicated Physical Data Channel: DPD CH) signal, and the multiplier 161 generates a gain coefficient i3d corresponding to the transmission power. Multiplied.
- the output of the multiplier 16 1 is supplied to the quadrature modulator 16 2 as an I-channel signal.
- the control data supplied to the input terminal 16 3 is a control data transmission channel (Dedicated Physical Control Channel: DPCCH) signal. Then, the signals are converted into quadrature Q channels by the multiplier 165 and supplied to the quadrature modulator 162.
- DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
- the I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal are quadrature-modulated to become a transmission signal (I + j-Q), and the transmission signal is supplied to the modulator 113.
- the gain factor 3 d to be multiplied by the multiplier 16 1 is variably set in accordance with the amount of transmission data (user data) output from the transmission buffer 119, and Can be set variably. For example, if there is no user data to be transmitted, set the gain coefficient; 3 d to 0, and use the control data transmission channel (DPCCH) signal as the transmission signal output by the quadrature modulator 162. It is to be only. If there is user data to be transmitted, set the gain factor 3 d according to the transmission power at that time.
- DPCCH control data transmission channel
- the state in which the gain of the user data is set to 0 is the state in which the transmission power of the mobile phone terminal 100 is minimized.
- a congestion management function that controls the amount of data temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 119 within a certain range based on the control of the CPU 117 when actually performing transmission processing. (Also referred to as flow control). The details of this flow control will be described later.
- a software hierarchical model used when communication is performed by the mobile phone unit 110 of the mobile phone terminal 100 of the present example has a configuration shown in FIG. 3, for example. That is, a plurality of software layers are prepared on the hardware portion 201. Specifically, a physical layer (Layer) 202 is prepared as a layer above the hardware portion 201. The physical layer 202 performs read / write processing and interrupt processing (also referred to as interrupt handler processing) to the hardware part 201, and the data link layer (Layer 2) 203 Function. The data link layer 203 manages the order and priority of data packets to be transmitted, manages retransmissions, and manages congestion, and provides functions to the network layer (layer 3) 204. The network layer 204 performs communication call control, terminal mobility management, and radio resource management, and provides functions to the application layer 205. The application layer 205 realizes a user interface of a mobile phone, a telephone function, and various applications.
- the data link layer (Layer 2) 203 is the transmit data bucket
- the transmission buffer is managed as a congestion management function. Specifically, for example, when a certain amount or more of untransmitted packets accumulates in the transmission buffer due to an increase in transmission requests, the data link layer 203 sends a transmission suspension request (X off) to the upper layer. Issue. If the transmission processing catches up and the untransmitted packets fall within a certain amount of the transmission buffer, the data link layer 203 requests the upper layer to cancel transmission suspension (X on). Issue The flow control described above is executed by the processing in the data link layer 203 as described above.
- a near-field communication loop antenna 122 is connected to the communication section 122.
- the close-proximity communication loop antenna 125 is close to the external card reader / writer 150 by a distance of several cm to several tens cm
- the power supplied from the reader Z writer 150 The antenna 12 1 receives the wave, and the received signal of the power wave is supplied to a capacitor (not shown) in the communication unit 122 to be charged, and the charged signal is transmitted to the communication unit 122. It is configured to be used as a drive power supply.
- the communication is automatically started. Then, the data superimposed on the power wave is received in the communication unit 122 to perform reception processing, and the transmission signal generated in the communication unit 122 is sent to the proximity communication loop antenna 122, and the reader antenna is read. It can also be transmitted to the writer 150 side by wireless communication. This transmission process is also performed using a power source based on the power wave transmitted from the reader / writer 150.
- the communication unit 122 is connected to the control unit 123, which performs processing for determining data wirelessly transmitted from the reader Z writer 150 side, and wirelessly transmits data to the reader / writer 150 side. Data generation processing And so on.
- the control unit 123 transmits data to and from the external interface 118 in the control unit 115 of the mobile phone unit 110 via the mobile phone IC card communication interface 130.
- An external interface 124 is provided to perform the operation. With this configuration, data transfer can be performed between the non-contact IC card function unit 120 and the mobile phone unit 110.
- the mobile phone terminal 100 of the present example is equipped with a card reader / A process for communicating with the card reader / writer 150 near the writer 150 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIG.
- step S11 When a signal from the reader / writer is received by the communication unit 122 of the contactless IC card function unit 120 (step S11), the control in the contactless IC card function unit 120 is performed.
- the unit 123 sends an interrupt start request to the control unit 115 of the mobile phone unit 110 via the external interface 124 (step S12).
- an interrupt notification reaches the CPU 117 (step S13).
- the interrupt handler is activated, the interrupt factor (in this case, IC card communication start) is recognized (step S14), and the parameters for controlling the data link layer are set.
- the forced congestion mode start (step S15)
- the processing at the start of communication of the touch IC card function ends.
- the forced congestion mode is a mode that is not set in normal times.
- step S21 When communication with the reader / writer is completed by the communication unit 122 of the non-contact IC card function unit 120 (step S21), the control unit in the non-contact IC card function unit 120 From 123, an interrupt end request is sent to the control unit 115 of the mobile phone 110 via the external interface 124 (step S22).
- an interrupt notification reaches the CPU 117 (step S23).
- the interrupt handler is activated, the cause of the interrupt (here, IC card communication end) is recognized (step S24), and the parameters for controlling the data link layer are determined. Then, the end of the forced congestion mode is set (step S25), and the process at the end of communication of the non-contact IC card function is ended.
- the reception process of the transmission bucket to the transmission buffer 119 in the data link layer (Layer2) 203 of the mobile phone unit 110 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. I do.
- the data link layer detects that a transmission packet (packeted transmission data: voice packet, data packet, etc.) has been received from the upper layer (step S31)
- the current operation mode is set. It is determined whether the forced congestion mode is set in the mode (step S32). If it is determined that the forced congestion mode has been set, the upper layer is requested to suspend transmission (step S33).
- the case where it is determined in step S32 that the forced congestion mode is set is, for example, the case where the non-contact IC card communication set in step S15 of the flowchart of FIG. 4 is started.
- step S34 it is determined whether the amount of data stored in the transmission buffer exceeds the transmission stop start threshold (step S34), and the transmission stop is started. If the threshold is exceeded, the process moves to step S33 to request the upper layer to suspend transmission. Further, if it is determined in step S34 that the value does not exceed the transmission stop start threshold value, the received transmission packet is accumulated in the transmission buffer 119 (step S35).
- the timing for setting the transmission of a packet is set at a fixed period.
- the current operation mode is set. It is determined whether the mode is in the forced congestion mode (step S42).
- the transmission process ends here and waits until the next packet transmission timing. If it is determined in step S42 that the mode is not the forced congestion mode, it is determined whether there is any remaining data in the transmission buffer (step S43). Here, even if there is no remaining data in the transmission buffer, the transmission processing here ends, and the system waits until the next packet transmission timing.
- step S43 If it is determined in step S43 that there is data remaining in the transmission buffer, the data stored in the transmission buffer is output from the buffer, and the output data is transmitted (step S44). ). Thereafter, it is determined whether the transmission buffer has dropped below the transmission stop release threshold (step S45), and the transmission processing in step S44 is performed until the transmission stop threshold is exceeded.
- the data link layer 203 notifies the upper layer of a transmission suspension release request (step S46), and the transmission processing at this timing is performed.
- the transmission packet reception processing (FIG. 6) and the transmission processing (FIG. 7) are described as asynchronous individual processing, but these two processings are executed as an example processing.
- communication between the contactless IC card function unit 120 and the card reader / writer is a communication that is completed in a very short time of about one second.
- the reader Silence occurs only for a short time during communication with the Z writer, and even when sending data packets, there is only a slight delay, which is a major obstacle to wireless telephone communication. It will not be.
- transmission pause processing is performed using the flow control function of the transmission buffer originally provided in the communication processing unit for the mobile phone in the mobile phone terminal. Therefore, a completely new circuit is not necessary in terms of circuits, and the software for controlling communication requires only a slight modification of the function of the original layer in the forced congestion mode. It can be easily realized and contributes to lowering the cost and size of mobile phone terminals.
- the time required for communication in the non-contact Ic card function unit is assumed to be almost a constant time (for example, a time t of about 1 second).
- the transmission may be stopped only for the time from the start of communication in the card function unit to the elapse of the time t. This eliminates the need for control processing when communication in the non-contact IC card function unit is completed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/506,751 US7349666B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-12-26 | Radio communication method and radio communication terminal |
| EP03782960.3A EP1585233B8 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-12-26 | Radio communication method and radio communication terminal |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-010099 | 2003-01-17 | ||
| JP2003010099A JP3993108B2 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-01-17 | 無線通信方法及び無線通信端末 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004066522A1 true WO2004066522A1 (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
Family
ID=32767238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/017062 Ceased WO2004066522A1 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-12-26 | 無線通信方法及び無線通信端末 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7349666B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1585233B8 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3993108B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101027786B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004066522A1 (ja) |
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| US20080143487A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-06-19 | Broadcom Corporation | System and method for enabling interrupts for rfid tags |
| WO2009062089A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Austin William Shoemaker | Close-contact-confirm-then-communicate data exchange methods and apparatus |
| JP5287110B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-03 | 2013-09-11 | 富士通モバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | 無線装置 |
| JP5334184B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-22 | 2013-11-06 | Necカシオモバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | 通信装置、及び、プログラム |
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| WO2013151469A1 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Interference control between different radio communication systems involving user equipments |
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| WO2002056247A1 (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-18 | Hyeon-Soo Kang | Contactless electronic card |
| JP2002351623A (ja) * | 2001-05-23 | 2002-12-06 | Fujitsu Ltd | 携帯電話機 |
| US7565108B2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2009-07-21 | Nokia Corporation | Radio frequency identification (RF-ID) based discovery for short range radio communication with reader device having transponder functionality |
| JP4021718B2 (ja) | 2002-07-10 | 2007-12-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 携帯端末装置 |
| US6776339B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-08-17 | Nokia Corporation | Wireless communication device providing a contactless interface for a smart card reader |
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2003
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010099A patent/JP3993108B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-26 US US10/506,751 patent/US7349666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-26 KR KR1020047014146A patent/KR101027786B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-26 EP EP03782960.3A patent/EP1585233B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-26 WO PCT/JP2003/017062 patent/WO2004066522A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JPH10285086A (ja) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-23 | Omron Corp | 送受信装置及び送受信システム |
| JP2001048251A (ja) * | 1999-08-07 | 2001-02-20 | Shinoo Ikeda | 取出し口用回転玉及び容器と内容物の取出し連係方法 |
| JP2002095051A (ja) | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-29 | Toshiba Corp | 携帯電話機 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1585233A4 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| KR101027786B1 (ko) | 2011-04-07 |
| US20050130706A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| EP1585233B8 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| JP3993108B2 (ja) | 2007-10-17 |
| EP1585233B1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| KR20050088924A (ko) | 2005-09-07 |
| JP2004222198A (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
| EP1585233A1 (en) | 2005-10-12 |
| US7349666B2 (en) | 2008-03-25 |
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