WO2004083774A1 - 光検出装置 - Google Patents
光検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004083774A1 WO2004083774A1 PCT/JP2004/001415 JP2004001415W WO2004083774A1 WO 2004083774 A1 WO2004083774 A1 WO 2004083774A1 JP 2004001415 W JP2004001415 W JP 2004001415W WO 2004083774 A1 WO2004083774 A1 WO 2004083774A1
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- Prior art keywords
- photosensitive
- circuit
- output
- light
- current output
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
- H04N25/58—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures
- H04N25/581—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures acquired simultaneously
- H04N25/585—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures acquired simultaneously with pixels having different sensitivities within the sensor, e.g. fast or slow pixels or pixels having different sizes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/767—Horizontal readout lines, multiplexers or registers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/802—Geometry or disposition of elements in pixels, e.g. address-lines or gate electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photodetector that detects a two-dimensional position where light is incident.
- a conventional photodetector uses a solid-state image sensor such as a MOS image sensor to load image data obtained by imaging into an image memory, perform image processing, and perform two-dimensional position detection. Is generally detected (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H01-1676769 Disclosure of the Invention
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a photodetector capable of speeding up two-dimensional position detection processing and simplifying the configuration. It is in.
- a light detection device is a light detection device having a light-sensitive region in which pixels are two-dimensionally arranged.
- a plurality of light-sensitive parts By arranging a plurality of light-sensitive parts adjacent to each other in the same plane to output a current corresponding to the intensity of the incident light, one pixel is formed and arranged in the first direction in a two-dimensional arrangement.
- One of the plurality of light-sensitive portions constituting each pixel is electrically connected to each other over the plurality of pixels, and the second light-sensitive portion in the two-dimensional array is connected.
- the other light-sensitive portions of the plurality of light-sensitive portions constituting each pixel are electrically connected to each other, and the plurality of light-sensitive portions are arranged in the first direction.
- Current output from one photosensitive sub-group electrically connected between pixels, and current from the other photosensitive sub-group electrically connected between a plurality of pixels arranged in the second direction A signal processing circuit for reading an output and detecting a luminance profile in a first direction and a second direction in a two-dimensional array based on the current output.
- the photodetector In the photodetector according to the present invention, light incident on one pixel is detected in each of a plurality of light-sensitive portions constituting the pixel, and a current corresponding to light intensity is output for each light-sensitive portion. Is output to Since one of the photosensitive portions is electrically connected to a plurality of pixels arranged in the first direction in the two-dimensional array, the current output from the one photosensitive portion is in the first direction. Sent to Also, since the other photosensitive portions are electrically connected to a plurality of pixels arranged in the second direction in the two-dimensional array, the current output from the other photosensitive portion is the second direction.
- the current output from one light-sensitive part is sent in the first direction, and the current output from the other light-sensitive part is sent in the second direction.
- the profile and the luminance profile in the second direction can be obtained independently.
- the two-dimensional position of the incident light can be detected at high speed with a very simple configuration in which a plurality of light-sensitive portions are provided in one pixel.
- one signal processing circuit detects a luminance profile in the first direction and a luminance profile in the second direction. Since the circuit for processing the current output from one photosensitive subgroup and the circuit for processing the current output from the other photosensitive subgroup are shared, the circuit area can be reduced, Cost reduction can be achieved.
- the signal processing circuit is configured to output a current from one of the light-sensitive subgroups. And a shift register for sequentially reading out the current output from the other photosensitive sub-group in the first direction in the second direction, and a shift register for sequentially reading out the current output from the other photosensitive sub-group. It is preferable to have an integrating circuit for sequentially inputting the current output and the current output from each of the other photosensitive parts and converting the current output into a voltage output. With this configuration, a luminance profile in the first direction and a luminance profile in the second direction can be obtained with a very simple configuration.
- the signal processing circuit is provided in correspondence with one photosensitive group and the other photosensitive group, and outputs the current from one corresponding photosensitive group and the other photosensitive group.
- An integration circuit that converts the current output from the light-sensitive subgroup to a voltage output and outputs a voltage value, and an integration circuit that is provided in accordance with the integration circuit, according to the amount of change in the voltage value output from the corresponding integration circuit CDS circuit that outputs a voltage of the specified value, a sample-and-hold circuit that is provided corresponding to the CDS circuit and holds and outputs the voltage output from the corresponding CDS circuit, and a sample-and-horned circuit.
- the maximum value detection circuit that detects the maximum value of the voltage output that is output from each of them, and the voltage output that is output from each of the sample and hold circuits are sequentially input, and the voltage output is detected by the maximum value detection circuit.
- Maximum value And an AZD conversion circuit that converts the digital value based on the AZD and outputs the digital value.
- the photodetector according to the present invention is a photodetector having a light-sensitive region, wherein the light-sensitive region includes a plurality of first light-sensitive regions electrically connected to each other in a first direction. A plurality of first light-sensitive portions and a plurality of second light-sensitive portions electrically connected to each other over a second direction intersecting the first direction.
- the light-sensitive parts are arranged in the same plane in a two-dimensionally mixed state, and the current output from the first photosensitive part group electrically connected to each other over the first direction; and Current outputs from the second photosensitive sub-groups electrically connected to each other in two directions, and based on the current outputs, a luminance profile in a first direction and a second direction in a two-dimensional array.
- the light incident on the light-sensitive region is detected in any of the first light-sensitive portion and the second light-sensitive portion, and a current corresponding to the light intensity is generated. It is output for each light sensitive part. Then, since the first photosensitive portions are electrically connected to each other in the first direction, the current output from the first photosensitive portion is sent in the first direction. Further, since the second photosensitive portions are electrically connected to each other in the second direction, the current output from the second photosensitive portion is sent in the second direction. Thus, the current output from the first photosensitive portion is sent in the first direction, and the current output from the second photosensitive portion is sent in the second direction.
- the two-dimensional position of the incident light is extremely simple, in which a plurality of first photosensitive parts and a plurality of second photosensitive parts are arranged in the same plane in a two-dimensionally mixed state. Can be detected at high speed.
- one signal processing circuit detects a luminance profile in the first direction and a luminance profile in the second direction. Since the circuit for processing the current output from the first photosensitive group and the circuit for processing the current output from the second photosensitive group are shared, the circuit area can be reduced, Cost reduction can be achieved.
- the signal processing circuit reads the current output from the first photosensitive sub-group sequentially in the second direction, and sequentially reads the current output from the second photosensitive sub-group in the first direction.
- a shift register for the next read, and each read sequentially by the shift register It is preferable to have an integrating circuit for sequentially inputting the current output from the first photosensitive subgroup and the current output from the second photosensitive subgroup, and converting the current output into a voltage output.
- the signal processing circuit is provided corresponding to the first photosensitive section group and the second photosensitive section group, and outputs a current from the corresponding first photosensitive section group and a second photosensitive section.
- An integration circuit that converts the current output from the group into a voltage output and outputs a voltage value; and a voltage that is provided corresponding to the integration circuit and that has a value corresponding to the amount of change in the voltage value output from the corresponding integration circuit.
- a sample-and-hold circuit that is provided corresponding to the CDS circuit and holds and outputs the voltage output from the corresponding CDS circuit, and a sample-and-hold circuit that outputs the voltage output.
- the maximum value detection circuit for detecting the maximum value of the voltage output and the voltage output output from each of the sample-and-hold circuits are sequentially input, and the voltage output is detected based on the maximum value detected by the maximum value detection circuit. It converted into Tanore value, and AZD-varying circuit for outputting the digital value, it is preferable to have a. With this configuration, even if each of the integrating circuits has a different noise variation for each integrating operation, the noise error is eliminated by the CDS circuit. Also, not only when the light intensity incident on the light-sensitive part is high, but also when the light intensity is low, the resolution of the AZD conversion is excellent. As a result, a luminance profile in the first direction and a luminance profile in the second direction can be obtained with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram illustrating a photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing an example of a light-sensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows one example of the photosensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment. It is a principal part enlarged plan view which shows an example.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing an example of a light-sensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing an example of a light-sensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing an example of a light-sensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing an example of a light-sensitive region included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a signal processing circuit included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a modified example of the signal processing circuit included in the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of an integration circuit included in a modified example of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a CDS circuit included in a modified example of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a sample and hold circuit included in a modified example of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a maximum value detection circuit included in a modified example of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of an A / D conversion circuit included in a modified example of the signal processing circuit.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual configuration showing a modification of the photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- each of the parameters M and N is an integer of 2 or more.
- the parameter m is any integer from 1 to M
- the parameter n is any integer from 1 to N.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing a photodetector according to the present embodiment.
- the light detection device 1 includes a light-sensitive region 10 and a signal processing circuit 20.
- pixels 11mn are two-dimensionally arranged in M rows and N columns.
- One pixel consists of a light-sensitive part 12 mn (first light-sensitive part) and a light-sensitive part 13 ran (second light-sensitive part) that output a current according to the intensity of light incident on each pixel. It is constructed by arranging adjacently.
- the photosensitive portion 12 mn and the photosensitive portion 13 ran are arranged in the same plane in a two-dimensionally mixed state.
- the plurality of pixels 11 u to 11 N , 11 21 to 11 N , ⁇ , 11 M1 to 11 MN arranged in the first direction in the two-dimensional array are referred to as follows.
- a plurality of photosensitive portions 1 2 mn of each pixel 1 1 to configure, 1 3 (for example preparative were, one photosensitive portions 1 2 U to 12 1N) one photosensitive portions 1 2 mn each other of mn electric mutually Connected.
- FIG. Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of an essential part showing an example of the photosensitive region included in the photodetector.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. In FIG. 2, illustration of the protective layer 48 is omitted.
- the photosensitive region 10 includes a semiconductor substrate 40 made of a P-type (first conductivity type) semiconductor and an N-type (second conductivity type) formed on the surface layer of the semiconductor substrate 40. And the semiconductor regions 41 and 42 of FIG. As a result, each of the photosensitive portions 12 ran and 13 mn includes the semiconductor substrate 40 and a pair of the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 to form a photo diode. As shown in FIG. 2, the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 have a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the light incident direction. In one pixel, the two regions 41 and 42 have one side each other. They are formed adjacent to each other. The semiconductor substrate 40 is set to the ground potential.
- the photosensitive region 10 may include a semiconductor substrate made of an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor region formed on a surface layer of the semiconductor substrate.
- the region 4 1 (light-sensitive portion 1 2 ran ) and the region 4 2 (light-sensitive portion 13) alternate when viewed from the first direction or the second direction.
- the region 41 (light-sensitive portion 12 mn ) and the region 42 (light-sensitive portion 13 mn ) intersect in the first direction and the second direction ( For example, when viewed from the third direction, the same direction intersects with the first and second directions (for example, crosses at 45 °). Fourth direction This means that they are arranged alternately.
- the first insulating layer 43 is formed on the semiconductor substrate 40 and the regions 41 and 42, and the first wiring is formed through the contact holes formed in the first insulating layer 43.
- 4 4 is electrically connected to the other region 4 1.
- the electrode 45 is electrically connected to the other region 42 via a contact hole formed in the first insulating layer 43.
- a second insulating layer 46 is formed on the first insulating layer 43, and the second wiring 47 is connected to the electrode via a contact hole formed in the second insulating layer 46. It is electrically connected to 4-5. As a result, the other region 42 is connected to the second region via the electrode 45. It will be electrically connected to line 47.
- a protective layer 48 is formed on the second insulating layer 46.
- the first insulating layer 43, second insulating layer 46 and the protective layer 48 is composed of S i 0 2 or SIN like.
- the first wiring 44, the electrode 45, and the second wiring 47 are made of a metal such as A1.
- the first wire 44, one of the regions 41 in each pixel 1 1, tl be those electrically connected across the first direction, extending the pixel 1 l mn question in a first direction the Activity Is provided.
- the first number multiple of which is arranged in the direction of the pixels in the two-dimensional array 1 lu l 1 1N, 1 1 21 ⁇ 1 1 2 ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 1 3L M1 ⁇ 1 1 MN
- one photosensitive portions 1 2 mn each other e.g., one of the photosensitive portions 1 2 U ⁇ 1 2 1N
- a light-sensitive portion extending in the first direction is formed in M rows.
- the second wiring 47 electrically connects the other region 42 in each pixel 1 lmn in the second direction, and is provided extending between the pixels 1 lmn in the second direction. Have been. As described above, by connecting the other area 42 in each pixel 1 lmn with the second wiring 47, a plurality of pixels 1 lu to l 1 M or 1 1 m arranged in the second direction in the two-dimensional array are arranged.
- the M-column photosensitive members extending in the first direction and the N-row photosensitive members extending in the second direction are formed on the same plane. Will be done.
- the shapes of the regions 41 and 42 are not limited to the substantially triangular shape shown in FIG. 2, and may be other shapes as shown in FIGS.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor region (photosensitive portion) shown in FIG. It has a rectangular shape when viewed from the direction. In one pixel, two regions 41 and 42 are formed such that long sides are adjacent to each other. The regions 41 (light-sensitive portions 12 mn ) and the regions 42 (light-sensitive portions 13 mn ) are alternately arranged in the second direction. As shown in FIG. 4, even if the area of the second conductivity type semiconductor region in the first direction and the second direction per pixel is different, it is only necessary that the area is constant in each direction between pixels. That is, it is only necessary that the total area of the photosensitive regions connected to all the wirings extending in the same direction is the same.
- one region 41 having a substantially triangular shape is formed continuously in the first direction.
- the other area 42 has a substantially triangular shape, and is formed independently between pixels 1 lmn .
- the regions 41 (light-sensitive portions 12 mn ) and the regions 42 (light-sensitive portions 13 ran ) are alternately arranged in the second direction.
- the read speed may decrease with an increase in the series resistance. It is preferable that each region 41 be electrically connected by the first wiring 44.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor region (photosensitive portion) shown in FIG. 6 is composed of four regions 4 la, 41 b, 42 a, and 42 b per pixel, and the regions located diagonally.
- the regions are electrically connected by a first wiring 44 or a second wiring 47 as a pair.
- the regions 41 (light-sensitive portions 12 mn ) and the regions 42 (light-sensitive portions 13 mn ) are alternately arranged in the first direction and the second direction.
- the region 41 (the light-sensitive portion 12 and the region 42 (the light-sensitive portion 13 mn )) are alternately arranged in the third direction and the fourth direction.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor region (light-sensitive portion) shown in FIG. 7 is formed so that two comb-shaped regions 41 and 42 mesh with each other.
- the second-conductivity-type semiconductor region (light-sensitive portion) shown in Fig. 8 has a polygonal shape (for example, an octagonal shape) that is four or more squares when viewed from the light incident direction. Are formed adjacent to each other.
- the region 41 and the region 42 are arranged side by side in a third direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction in one pixel, and are arranged in a honeycomb shape when viewed from the light incident direction. That is, the region 41 (the light-sensitive portion 12 mn ) and the region 42 (the light-sensitive portion 13 mn ) are alternately arranged in the third direction and the fourth direction.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a signal processing circuit.
- the signal processing circuit 20 detects the luminance profile of the light incident on the photosensitive region 10 in the second direction and the luminance profile in the first direction. Voltage V indicating the luminance profile in the direction of. Output ut .
- the signal processing circuit 20 includes a switch element 21, a shift register 22, and an integration circuit 23.
- the other light-sensitive portion 1 2 mn group (a light-sensitive portion composed of one second conductivity type semiconductor region 41 and extending in the M direction and extending in the first direction) and a plurality of pixels arranged in the second direction 1 lu ⁇ l 1 M1, 1 1 12 ⁇ 1 1 M2, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 ⁇ between electrically connected the other photosensitive portions 1 3 mn group in (second conductivity type other N rows of light-sensitive portions which are formed of the semiconductor region 42 and extend in the second direction.
- the shift register 22 includes a plurality of pixels 1! Arranged in the first direction. ⁇ ⁇ 1 1N, 1 1 21 ⁇ 1 1 2N, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 1 1 M1 ⁇ 1 1 between MN electrically connected to one of the photosensitive portions 1 a current output from the 2 ran group second sequentially read out in the direction, a second plurality of pixels 1 arranged in the direction of the l u ⁇ l 1 M1, 1 1 12 ⁇ 1 1 M2, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , electrically connected between 1 1 1N to 1 l
- the current output from the other photosensitive section 13 mn group is sequentially read in the first direction.
- the integration circuit 23 sequentially inputs the current output from each one of the photosensitive sections 12 mn and the current output from each of the other photosensitive sections 13 ran which are sequentially read by the shift register 22, and outputs the current output. Is converted to a voltage output.
- the switch elements 21 are controlled by signals shift (m) and shift (M + n) output from the shift register 22, and are sequentially closed.
- a first plurality of pixels 1 arranged in the direction of " ⁇ 1 1 1N, 1 1 21 ⁇ 1 1 2N, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , electric between 1 1 M1 ⁇ 1 1 MN
- the electric charge accumulated in one of the light-sensitive portions 12 mn connected in series becomes a current, which is output to the integration circuit 23 via the first wiring 44 and the switch element 21.
- the switch element By closing 21, a plurality of pixels 1 l u to l 1 M1 , 1 12 to 11 1 ⁇ 2 , ⁇ ⁇ , and 1 1N to 1 l arranged in the second direction are electrically connected.
- the electric charge accumulated in the other connected photosensitive section 13 mn becomes a current, which is output to the integration circuit 23 via the second wiring 47 and the switch element 21.
- the shift register includes a control circuit ( The operation is controlled by the signals ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 output from the switch (not shown), and the switch elements 21 are sequentially closed.
- the integration circuit 23 includes an amplifier 24, a capacitance element 25, and a switch element 26.
- the capacitor 25 has one terminal connected to the input terminal of the amplifier 24 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal of the amplifier 24.
- the switch element 26 When the switch element 26 has one terminal connected to the input terminal of the amplifier 24 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal of the amplifier 24, and the reset signal D reset output from the control circuit is high, the switch element 26 is in the [ ⁇ ] state. next, ing and rOFFj state when the reset signal ⁇ !> reset is Low.
- the integration circuit 23 operates when the switch element 26 is in the "ON” state. Initializes the capacitor 25 by discharging. On the other hand, when the switch element 26 is in the “OFF” state, the integrating circuit 23 outputs a plurality of pixels 11 u to 11 N , 11 21 to 11 N , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , arranged in the first direction.
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the signal processing circuit.
- the reset signal reset is input from the control circuit to the integrator circuit 23, and during the period in which the reset signal reset is in the "0 FF" state, the corresponding one of the light-sensitive sections 12 ⁇ ⁇ group and the other light-sensitive section.
- sensitive portion 1 3 mn charge accumulated in the group is accumulated in the capacitor 25, the voltage V. ut corresponding to the accumulated charge amount is Ru are sequentially outputted from the integrating circuit 23.
- the integration circuit 23 When the reset signal reset is in the “ON” state, the switch element 26 is closed and the capacitance element 25 is initialized.
- a first plurality of pixels arranged in the direction of the 1 1 u ⁇ 1 1 1I 1 1 21 ⁇ 1 1 2N, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 1 1 M1 ⁇ 1 1 The electric charge (current output) accumulated in the 1 mn group of one photosensitive portion electrically connected between MNs , and A plurality of pixels 1 lu ⁇ l 1 M1 arranged in the second direction, 1 1 12 ⁇ 1 1 M2, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , electrically connected to the other of the photosensitive portions between 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 ⁇ Voltage V corresponding to charge (current output) accumulated in the 13 ran group.
- 1 Tsunoe element 1 1 a plurality of photosensitive portions m light incident on "in constituting the pixel 1 1 BTL 1 2 , m, 1 3 nn respectively, current corresponding to the light intensity is output to photosensitive portions 1 every 2 ran, 1 3 ran.
- each other two-dimensional array a plurality of pixels 1 lu l 1 1N, 1 1 21 ⁇ 1 1 2N arranged in the direction of, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 1 1 M1 ⁇ 1 l Niwata since connexion are electrically connected, one light-sensitive
- the current output from the portion 12 mn is sent in the first direction, and a plurality of pixels 1 ln to l 1 in which the other photosensitive portions 13 mn are arranged in the second direction in a two-dimensional array.
- the other photosensitive portions 1 3 mn forces et outputted current of the second Sent in the direction That.
- the current output from the other photosensitive portions 1 3 mn is sent to the second direction Therefore, it is possible to independently obtain the luminance profile in the first direction and the luminance profile in the second direction, and as a result, a plurality of photosensitive portions 12 mn , With the extremely simple configuration of arranging 13 mn , it is possible to detect the two-dimensional position of the incident light at high speed.
- the photosensitive portion 12 plate, 13 mn includes the semiconductor substrate 40 and the second conductive type semiconductor regions 41 , 42 , and the second conductive type semiconductor regions 41 , 42 are arranged in the light incident direction. It has a substantially triangular shape when viewed, and one side is formed adjacent to each other in one pixel.
- the photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 ran (No. The reduction in the area of the two-conductivity-type semiconductor regions 41, 42) can be suppressed.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 have a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the light incident direction. Is formed. Accordingly, when the plurality of photosensitive portions 12 mn and 13 mn are arranged in one pixel, the area of each photosensitive portion 12 mn and 13 mn (the second conductive type semiconductor regions 41 and 42) is reduced. Can be suppressed from decreasing.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 have a polygonal shape of a quadrangle or more when viewed from the light incident direction, and one side of one pixel. Are formed adjacent to each other.
- the area of the plurality of photosensitive portions 12 mn, 1 3 mn when disposed (second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41, 42) to one pixel, each photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 mn The decrease can be suppressed.
- the perimeter of each photosensitive portion 12 mn , 13 mn with respect to the area is reduced, and the dark current converted per unit area is reduced.
- a rhombus shape may be adopted as the polygonal shape of the quadrangle or more.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 are arranged in a third direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction in one pixel. Is established. Thus, in one photosensitive portions 12 mn group and the other photosensitizing ⁇ min 1 3 mn group, photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 corresponding to the central portion of each photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 mn group 3 mn will be concentrated, and the resolution can be improved. [0066]
- the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 are arranged in a honeycomb shape when viewed from the light incident direction.
- the area of the plurality of photosensitive portions 12 mn, 1 3 ran when disposed (second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41, 42) to one pixel, each photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 mn The decrease can be further suppressed.
- the geometrical symmetry is high, and non-uniformity due to misalignment of the mask used to form the second conductivity type semiconductor regions 41 and 42 (the photosensitive portions 12 mn and 13 J) can be suppressed.
- the first wiring 44 The second wiring 47 is provided extending between the pixels 11 mn in the first direction, and the second wiring 47 is provided extending between the pixels 11 mn in the second direction.
- the respective wires 44 and 47 do not prevent light from entering the light-sensitive portions 12 mn and 13 mn (the second conductive semiconductor regions 41 and 42 ), and the detection sensitivity is reduced. Reduction can be suppressed.
- the luminance profile in the first direction and the luminance profile in the second direction are obtained by one signal processing circuit 20. Are respectively detected.
- the circuit for processing the current output from one photosensitive section 12 mn group and the circuit for processing the current output from the other photosensitive section 13 mn group are shared, so the circuit area Can be reduced, and cost can be reduced.
- the photodetector 1 of the present embodiment includes a shift register 22 and an integrating circuit 23. As a result, a luminance profile in the first direction and a luminance profile in the second direction can be obtained with a very simple configuration.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a modification of the signal processing circuit.
- the signal processing circuit 100 includes an integrating circuit 110, a CDS circuit 120, and a sample and hold circuit (hereinafter, referred to as an SZH circuit). 130, a maximum value detection circuit 140, a shift register 150, a switch element 160, and an AZD conversion circuit 170.
- Integrating circuit 1 10 as shown in FIG. 1 2, amplifier A, the capacitor C 1 and Suitsuchi element are connected in parallel between the output terminal and the input terminal.
- the switch element SWi When the switch element SWi is closed, the integrating circuit 110 discharges and initializes the capacitive element ⁇ .
- the switch element when the switch element is open, the integration circuit 110 accumulates the electric charge input to the input terminal in the capacitive element, and outputs a voltage corresponding to the accumulated electric charge from the output terminal.
- the switch element S opens and closes based on a Reset signal output from a control circuit (not shown).
- the CDS circuit 120 is provided corresponding to the integration circuit 110, and outputs a voltage having a value corresponding to the amount of change in the value of the voltage output from the corresponding integration circuit 110.
- CDS circuit 1 20 includes, as shown in FIG. 1 3, switch elements SW 21 in this order between the input terminal and the output terminal, the coupling capacitance element C 21 and Anpu A 2. Further, Suitsuchi element SW 22 ⁇ Pi integrating capacitor C 22 between the input and output of the amplifier A 2 is connected in parallel to each other. Switch elements SW 22 and switch element SW 21 acts as a switch means for accumulating charges in the integrating capacitive element C 22. CDS circuit 1 20, when the Suitsuchi element SW 22 is closed, for initialization discharges the integrating capacitor C 22.
- Suitsuchi element SW 22 When Suitsuchi element SW 22 is Suitsuchi element SW 21 is closed to open accumulates charges inputted via the coupling capacitance element C 21 from the input terminal to the integrating capacitor C 22, the voltage corresponding to the accumulated charge Is output from the output terminal.
- Switch element SW 21 is opened and closed based on CSW21 signal outputted from the control circuit. Further, switch element SW 22 is opened and closed based on Clarapl signal outputted from the control circuit.
- the S / H circuit 130 is provided corresponding to the CDS circuit 120, and holds and outputs the voltage output from the corresponding CDS circuit 120.
- Is 14 has a switch element SW 3 ⁇ Pi amplifier A in order to question the input terminal and the output terminal, and Suitsuchi element SW 3 and the amplifier A 3 Connection point is capacity It is grounded via the element C 3.
- S ZH circuit 1 3 0, even after storing the voltage output from the CDS circuit 1 2 0 in the capacitor C 3, the switch element SW 3 open when the switch element SW 3 are close, volume It holds the voltage of the device C 3, and outputs the voltage through the amplifier 3.
- Switch element SW 3 is opened and closed on the basis of the Hold signal outputted from the control circuit.
- the switch elements 160 are controlled by the shift register 150 to open sequentially, and the voltages output from the S / H circuit 130 are sequentially input to the AZD conversion circuit.
- the maximum value detection circuit 140 detects the maximum value of the voltage output from each of the SZH circuits 130.
- the maximum value detection circuit 140 is composed of NMOS transistors 1 to D and a resistor! ⁇ Provided with a ⁇ ! ⁇ And the differential amplifier A 4.
- the gate terminals of the transistors 1 to 1 are connected to the output terminal of the SZH circuit 130, and receive the voltage output from the SZH circuit 130.
- the maximum value detection circuit 140 the voltage output from the S / H circuit 130 is input to the gate terminals of the corresponding transistors 1 to ⁇ , and a potential corresponding to the maximum value of each voltage is obtained. Appears at the drain terminal of transistor T ⁇ T. Its to its potential of the drain terminal, a resistor and R 2 is amplified by the differential amplifier A 4 in response Ji amplification factor to the ratio of the resistance values, the amplified voltage value is the maximum voltage value V Output to the A / D converter circuit 170 from the output terminal as max .
- the AZD conversion circuit 170 inputs the voltages output from the respective S / H circuits 130 in order, and based on the maximum value detected by the maximum value detection circuit 140, To a digital value and output the digital value.
- AZ'D conversion circuit 1 7 0 receives the maximum voltage value V max output from the maximum value detecting circuit 1 4 0, this Let the maximum voltage value V max be the A / D conversion range.
- the AZD conversion circuit 170 sequentially inputs the voltage output from the SZH circuit 130 via the switch element 160 and the amplifier 180, converts the voltage output (analog value) into a digital value, and outputs the digital value.
- the AZD conversion circuit 170 includes a variable capacitance integration circuit 171, a comparison circuit 172, a capacity control unit 173, and a read unit 174.
- variable capacitance integration circuit 1 71 includes capacitive elements C 51, amplifier A 5, a variable capacitance portion C 52 and switch element SW 5.
- Amplifier A 5 represents a voltage output sequentially reached via Suitsuchi elements 160 are output from the S / H circuit 1 30, and manpower to the inverting input terminal via the capacitor C 51.
- the non-inverting input terminal of Anpu A 5 are connected to ground.
- the variable capacitance section C 52, the capacity is controllable or variable, provided between the inverted input terminals of the amplifier A 5 and the output terminal, it accumulates charges according to the voltage input.
- Switch element SW 5 is provided between the inverting input terminal of the amplifier A 5 and the output terminal, the open Rutoki to perform the charge accumulation in the variable capacitance section C 52, in the variable capacitance section C 52 when the closed Reset charge accumulation. Then, the variable capacitance integration circuit 171 inputs the voltages sequentially output from the S / H circuit 130, integrates the voltages according to the capacitance of the variable capacitance section C52 , and outputs a voltage as a result of the integration.
- the comparison circuit 172 inputs the voltage output from the variable capacitance integration circuit 171 to the inverting input terminal, and inputs the maximum voltage value Vmax output from the maximum value detecting circuit 140 to the non-inverting input terminal. Then, the two input voltages are compared in magnitude, and a comparison result signal is output as a result of the magnitude comparison.
- capacity control unit 1 73 receives the comparison result signal outputted from the comparator circuit 1 72, and outputs a capacitance instruction signal C for controlling the capacitance of the variable capacitance section C 52 on the basis of the comparison result signal In addition, when it is determined that the voltage value obtained as a result of integration based on the comparison result signal and the maximum voltage value V max match with a predetermined resolution, the voltage value according to the capacitance value of the variable capacitance section C 51 is determined. Outputs the first digital value.
- the readout unit 174 is configured to output the first digital signal output from the capacity control unit 173. Input the digital value and output the second digital value corresponding to the first digital value.
- the second digital value indicates a value obtained by removing the offset value of the variable capacitance integration circuit 171 from the first digital value.
- the readout unit 174 is, for example, a storage element, inputs a first digital value as an address, and outputs data stored in the address of the storage element as a second digital value.
- the second digital value is an output representing a luminance profile in the second direction and a luminance profile in the first direction.
- the maximum voltage value V max output from the maximum value detection circuit 14 0 and input to the comparison circuit 17 2 is determined by the fact that the AZD conversion circuit 17 0 is saturated.
- the maximum value of the voltage that can be AZD-converted, ie, the A / D conversion range, is specified.
- the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment has excellent A / D conversion resolution not only when the light intensity is high, but also when the light intensity is low.
- the CDS circuit 120 eliminates the noise error. [0 0 8 3] Further, since the photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 mn integrating circuit 1 1 0 corresponds to a group is provided, the same from the photosensitive portions 1 2 mn, 1 3 mn group Charges can be accumulated at the timing, and the amount of those charges can be converted to voltage.
- each photosensitive part 12 mn , 13 mn (second conductivity type)
- the semiconductor regions 4 1, 4 2) are connected by a uniform resistance wire so that the charge generated by the incidence of light flows into the resistance wire and is inversely proportional to the distance between the end of each resistance wire and the position where it flows.
- the light may be divided by a resistor and taken out from the end of the resistance wire, and the light incident position may be obtained based on the current output from the end.
- one pixel is constituted by a plurality of photosensitive parts, but one pixel may be constituted by one photosensitive part.
- a light-sensitive region 10 includes a plurality of first light-sensitive portions 12, n electrically connected to each other over a first direction and an electric contact with each other over a second direction.
- a plurality of second photosensitive portions 13 mn connected to the first photosensitive portion 13 mn, and the plurality of second photosensitive portions 13 mn and the plurality of second photosensitive portions 13 mn are identical in a two-dimensionally mixed state. They may be arranged in a plane.
- the first photosensitive portion 12 mn and the second photosensitive portion 13 mn are arranged in a pine pattern, and the first photosensitive portion 12 mn and the second photosensitive portion 13 mn Are alternately arranged in the first direction and the second direction.
- they may be arranged in a honeycomb shape as shown in FIG.
- the photodetector of the present invention can be used for a system for detecting the incident position of reflected light or direct light.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04709757.1A EP1607715B1 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2004-02-10 | Optical sensor |
| US10/549,761 US7176431B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2004-02-10 | Optical sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003078624A JP4099413B2 (ja) | 2003-03-20 | 2003-03-20 | 光検出装置 |
| JP2003-078624 | 2003-03-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004083774A1 true WO2004083774A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
Family
ID=33027981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/001415 Ceased WO2004083774A1 (ja) | 2003-03-20 | 2004-02-10 | 光検出装置 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7176431B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1607715B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4099413B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004083774A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007135850A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | The Ritsumeikan Trust | 赤外線アレイセンサ |
| WO2009096310A1 (ja) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 熱検出センサアレイ |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3965049B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-21 | 2007-08-22 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 撮像装置 |
| JP2004264332A (ja) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-09-24 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 多重画像形成位置ずれ検出装置、画像濃度検出装置及び多重画像形成装置 |
| JP2005218052A (ja) * | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-11 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 光検出装置 |
| JP4795191B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-04 | 2011-10-19 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 位置計測センサ、3次元位置計測装置、及び3次元位置計測方法 |
| CN104216573B (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2017-05-31 | 北京汇冠新技术股份有限公司 | 一种用于红外触摸屏的扫描控制系统及方法 |
| TWI489354B (zh) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-06-21 | Au Optronics Corp | 觸控模組的感光畫素電路 |
| JP2018006719A (ja) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社ブルックマンテクノロジ | 光検出素子及び固体撮像装置 |
| US10175087B2 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2019-01-08 | The Boeing Company | Fuel level sensor having dual fluorescent plastic optical fibers |
| CN111133283A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-08 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 位置检测传感器和位置测量装置 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01167769A (ja) | 1987-12-23 | 1989-07-03 | Canon Inc | 多重画像形成装置 |
| JPH0529594A (ja) * | 1991-07-19 | 1993-02-05 | Fujitsu Ltd | 赤外線検知装置 |
| JPH065832A (ja) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-01-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | 位置検出装置および位置検出方法 |
| EP0942583A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1999-09-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | A display type image sensor |
| WO2003055201A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Imaging device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1453098B1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2013-09-18 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Light detection device, imaging device and distant image acquisition device |
| US7480000B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2009-01-20 | Fujifilm Corporation | Image-taking apparatus including a vertical transfer control device |
-
2003
- 2003-03-20 JP JP2003078624A patent/JP4099413B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-02-10 WO PCT/JP2004/001415 patent/WO2004083774A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-10 EP EP04709757.1A patent/EP1607715B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-10 US US10/549,761 patent/US7176431B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01167769A (ja) | 1987-12-23 | 1989-07-03 | Canon Inc | 多重画像形成装置 |
| JPH0529594A (ja) * | 1991-07-19 | 1993-02-05 | Fujitsu Ltd | 赤外線検知装置 |
| JPH065832A (ja) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-01-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | 位置検出装置および位置検出方法 |
| EP0942583A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1999-09-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | A display type image sensor |
| WO2003055201A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Imaging device |
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| Title |
|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007135850A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | The Ritsumeikan Trust | 赤外線アレイセンサ |
| US7728297B2 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2010-06-01 | The Ritsumeikan Trust | Infrared array sensor |
| JP5396617B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-24 | 2014-01-22 | 学校法人立命館 | 赤外線アレイセンサ |
| WO2009096310A1 (ja) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 熱検出センサアレイ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4099413B2 (ja) | 2008-06-11 |
| EP1607715B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
| EP1607715A4 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
| JP2004286576A (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
| US7176431B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 |
| EP1607715A1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| US20060273238A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
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