WO2004107982A1 - 超音波内視鏡装置 - Google Patents
超音波内視鏡装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004107982A1 WO2004107982A1 PCT/JP2004/008151 JP2004008151W WO2004107982A1 WO 2004107982 A1 WO2004107982 A1 WO 2004107982A1 JP 2004008151 W JP2004008151 W JP 2004008151W WO 2004107982 A1 WO2004107982 A1 WO 2004107982A1
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- ultrasonic
- image
- surface shape
- circuit
- optical image
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5238—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; Determining position of diagnostic devices within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/062—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using magnetic field
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/42—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient
- A61B8/4245—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving determining the position of the probe, e.g. with respect to an external reference frame or to the patient
- A61B8/4254—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving determining the position of the probe, e.g. with respect to an external reference frame or to the patient using sensors mounted on the probe
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
- A61B8/4461—Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
- A61B8/445—Details of catheter construction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic endoscope apparatus for acquiring an optical image and an ultrasonic image of a subject.
- an ultrasonic transducer that scans with ultrasound and receives the echo is usually observed, and an optical image of the luminal surface of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, colon, etc. is observed. There is an optical observation window for this.
- the ultrasound scan plane is not visible in the optical image.
- the ultrasound scan plane does not always fall within the field of view of the optical image.
- the lumen is filled with degassed water, which is an ultrasonic medium, or a balloon is used to make the ultrasonic waves reach the affected area. Obstruction of the field of view was disturbed, and after all, observation using ultrasonic images was different from observation using optical images with a certain time interval.
- diagnosis of the spread of a lesion in the horizontal direction and diagnosis of the depth of the lesion in the vertical direction are performed. Can be performed at the same time, and the diagnostic performance of ultrasonic endoscopy can be improved.
- the first method is a three-dimensional measurement method based on triangulation, which is based on triangulation and is based on the light-section 'method' using slit light projection. This is the following method.
- the second method is to use a mechanism that corrects the distortion caused by the wide-angle lens attached to the endoscope.
- a three-dimensional measurement method based on a light sectioning method using a slit light projection involves guiding a laser beam. It is necessary to provide a special optical system for the endoscope. In the method of correcting distortion, it is necessary to attach a wide-angle lens to the endoscope. A special endoscope is required for the endoscope measurement system, and it must be separated from the endoscope for the three-dimensional ultrasonic image reconstruction system.
- the three-dimensional measurement method is based on the premise that the object surface is a plain surface, and when projecting onto a surface with uneven gradation such as a lumen surface, the three-dimensional position of the object surface can be accurately grasped. It is hard to say that it can be done.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to display an optical image and an ultrasonic image in an accurate correspondence with each other's position and direction without having to replace an endoscope from a patient. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic endoscope apparatus capable of performing the above. Disclosure of the invention
- An ultrasonic endoscope apparatus is an optical endoscope that acquires an optical image of a subject.
- a matching circuit that matches the optical image obtained by the optical image obtaining device with the ultrasonic image obtained by the ultrasonic image obtaining device based on the position information obtained by the position information obtaining device. Characterized by having
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the ultrasonic endoscope apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the insertion-side tip of the insertion portion of the endoscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the image processing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a shape matching circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the manual scanning according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the three-dimensional image data according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing reshuffling of three-dimensional image data according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing surface shape data according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing imaging of a region of interest by the endoscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the synthesis of the optical image and the ultrasonic image according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an image displayed on the monitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an electronic radial scanning ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment of the present invention and scanning thereof.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a COMPEX-scanning ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment of the present invention and scanning thereof.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a two-dimensional array type ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment of the present invention and its scanning.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a shape matching circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 shows a shape matching circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing a road.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating an image processing device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating an image processing device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an image displayed on the monitor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 11 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an ultrasonic endoscope apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the insertion-side tip of the insertion section of the endoscope.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the image processing apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a shape matching circuit.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of manual scanning.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing three-dimensional image data.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing reshuffling of a three-dimensional image.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the surface shape.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing imaging of a region of interest by an endoscope.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the synthesis of an optical image and an ultrasonic image.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing an image displayed on the monitor. You.
- an ultrasonic endoscope apparatus 1 includes an ultrasonic endoscope 2, an ultrasonic observation apparatus 3, an optical observation apparatus 4, a position detection apparatus 5, an image processing apparatus, It has a device 6, a monitor 7 as display means or a display device, a keyboard 8, and a mouse 9.
- the ultrasonic endoscope 2 has an insertion section 21 and an operation section 25 connected to each other.
- the insertion portion 21 is made of a flexible material, and can be inserted into the body cavity of the subject.
- the operation unit 25 includes a motor 23 that drives the ultrasonic vibrator 22 at the tip of the input unit 21.
- a transmission coil 24 for exciting a magnetic field in space is provided at the tip of the insertion section 21.
- the position detection device 5 as a position information acquisition unit or a position information acquisition device includes a coil drive circuit 11, a plurality of reception coils 12, and a position calculation circuit 13.
- the coil drive circuit 11 outputs a coil excitation signal to the transmission coil 24.
- the plurality of receiving coils 12 are fixed to specific positions by a predetermined arrangement method, sequentially detect a magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil 24, and output an electrical reception signal.
- the position calculation circuit 13 is based on the reception signal output from the reception coil 12 Calculate the data indicating the position and direction of the tip of the input section 21 (hereinafter referred to as position and direction).
- the plurality of receiving coils 12 are integrally fixed to a rectangular parallelepiped casing.
- this housing and the receiving coil 12 are collectively referred to as a receiving coil 10.
- the receiving coil 12 is shown fixedly arranged in a straight line in the receiving coil unit 10 for the sake of space, but actually, it is placed on a two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional space. It shall be fixed side by side.
- the insertion-side tip of the insertion section 21 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- an acoustically translucent tip cap 27 made of a material such as polymethylpentene is provided at the tip 26 of the insertion portion 21.
- An ultrasonic transducer 22 as an ultrasonic image acquisition means or an ultrasonic image acquisition device is provided inside the tip cap 27, and an ultrasonic transmission medium 28 is filled in the tip cap 27.
- the ultrasonic vibrator 22 is connected to a flexible shaft 29 made of a flexible material.
- the flexible shaft 29 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 23 in the operation section 25 of the endoscope 2 shown in FIG. 1, and is provided so as to rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG. .
- the ultrasonic transducer 22 is connected to the ultrasonic observation device 3 via the endoscope operation unit 25 via a signal line (not shown) in the flexible shaft 29. Outputs an echo signal to
- the two transmission coils 24 are connected to a coil drive circuit 11 in the position detection device 5 via a signal line 30.
- One of the transmission coils 24 has an axis with the direction marked "1 o'clock direction” in Fig. 2 and the other has a coiled conductor with the direction marked "normal direction” as the axis.
- the “normal direction” that is wound is the direction of the insertion axis of the insertion portion 21, and the “12 o'clock direction” is the direction orthogonal to this.
- the “normal direction” corresponds to the normal direction of the ultrasonic image obtained by the ultrasonic transducer 22 performing radial scanning.
- the transmitting coil 24 wound in the 12 o'clock direction is provided so that the direction in which the conductor is wound coincides with the 12 o'clock direction of the ultrasonic image among the directions orthogonal to the normal direction. It is assumed that The operation when the ultrasonic transducer 22 performs radial scanning will be described later.
- the tip portion 26 of the insertion portion 21 has a charge-coupled device solid-state imaging device camera (hereinafter referred to as a CCD camera) 31 for capturing an optical image in color, and a CCD camera 3.
- a CCD camera charge-coupled device solid-state imaging device camera
- An imaging light irradiation window 32 for irradiating the body cavity with light necessary for imaging in 1 is provided.
- Reference numeral 31 is connected to the optical observation device 4, and outputs an imaging signal to the optical observation device 4 via the endoscope operation unit 25 via a signal line (not shown) in the input unit 21.
- the optical observation device 4 creates an optical image in the body cavity based on the image signal.
- the imaging light irradiation window 32 is configured so that imaging light from a light source device (not shown) reaches through a light guide path (not shown) such as an optical fiber provided in the inlet 21. Thus, the imaging light required for imaging by the CCD camera 31 can be emitted into the body cavity.
- a rigid frame 33 for integrally holding the above-described portions of the distal end of the insertion portion 21 is provided as shown in FIG.
- the image processing apparatus 6 includes an ultrasonic image memory 41, a three-dimensional data construction circuit 42, and a large-capacity first three-dimensional image memory (hereinafter simply referred to as a three-dimensional image memory 4). 3), cross-section extraction circuit 44, cross-section image memory 45, surface extraction circuit 46 as surface shape calculation means or surface shape calculation circuit, optical image memory 47, surface shape calculation means or surface A surface shape estimation circuit 48 as a shape calculation circuit, a large-capacity second 3D image memory (hereinafter simply referred to as a 3D image memory 49), and a shape matching circuit as a matching means. Circuit 50, a coordinate conversion circuit 51, a surface image memory 52, a synthesizing circuit 53, a display circuit 54, a switch 55, and a controller 56 for controlling these. are doing.
- the switch 55 switches the output destination of the data from the position detection device 5 to one of the ultrasonic image memory 41 and the optical image memory 47.
- the controller 56 controls these units and circuits according to the input from the keyboard 8 and the mouse 9. '-Next, the configuration of the shape matching circuit 50 shown in FIG. 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the shape matching circuit 50 includes a first surface shape memory 57, a second surface shape memory 58, and a cross-correlation circuit 59.
- the position detecting device 5 of the present embodiment is configured to acquire information on the position and direction of the ultrasonic image acquiring means with respect to the subject at the time of acquiring the ultrasonic image.
- the solid line is the signal or data flow related to the optical image
- the dashed line is the signal or data flow related to the ultrasonic image
- the two-dot chain line is the insertion part 2.
- the thick line is the signal or data related to the 3D image Indicates the flow of data
- the dotted line indicates the flow of matching information
- the curved arrow indicates the flow of other signals or data.
- the ultrasonic transducer 22 receives the excitation signal in the form of a pulse voltage from within the ultrasonic observation device 3 and converts it into an ultrasonic beam that is a compression wave of the medium.
- the ultrasonic beam propagates through the ultrasonic transmission medium 28 and the distal end tip 27 and is radiated to the outside of the ultrasonic endoscope 2, and the reflection echo from the inside of the subject is opposite to the ultrasonic beam. Return to ultrasonic transducer 2 2 along the path o
- the ultrasonic transducer 22 converts the reflected echo into an electric echo signal and transmits it to the ultrasonic observation device 3 through a path opposite to the excitation signal. Furthermore, while this action is repeated repeatedly, the flexible shaft 29 and the ultrasonic vibrator 22 are rotated by the motor 23 in the operation unit 25, respectively, so that the arrow shown by the arrow in FIG. Rotate in the direction. Therefore, the ultrasonic beam is sequentially and radially irradiated on a plane (hereinafter referred to as a radial scanning plane) orthogonal to the axial direction of the insertion section 21 of the ultrasonic endoscope 2, thereby realizing a so-called mechanical radial scanning. .
- a radial scanning plane orthogonal to the axial direction of the insertion section 21 of the ultrasonic endoscope 2
- the ultrasonic observation device 3 performs envelope detection, logarithmic amplification, AZD conversion, scan conversion (radio (A process of converting an image in the polar coordinate system generated by scanning in the horizontal coordinate system into an image in the orthogonal coordinate system), and the like. To build). This ultrasonic image is output to the ultrasonic image memory 41 in the image processing device 6.
- the CCD camera 31 generates an imaging signal based on imaging information of the inner surface of the body cavity. Specifically, the received light is converted into an electric imaging signal. — Then, the imaging signal is output to the optical observation device 4.
- the optical observation device 4 constructs image data of an optical image (hereinafter, simply referred to as an optical image) based on the imaging signal. This optical image is output to an optical image memory 47 in the image processing device 6.
- the coil drive circuit 11 sequentially outputs a coil excitation signal to the transmission coil 24.
- the transmission coil 24 generates a magnetic field in space.
- the receiving coil 12 sequentially detects the magnetic field and outputs an electric reception signal to the position calculation circuit 13.
- the position calculation circuit 13 calculates a position direction error based on the received signal and outputs the calculated position direction data to the image processing device 6.
- This position / direction data is a data including the position and direction of the transmission coil 24 with respect to the reception coil unit 10. More specifically, the position of the transmission coil 24
- the direction of the insertion axis of the ultrasonic endoscope 2 (the direction indicated as “normal direction” in FIG. 2) and a specific direction parallel to the ultrasonic image (“ Direction ”).
- the direction of the insertion axis of the ultrasonic endoscope 2 is the normal direction of the ultrasonic image.
- the ultrasonic observation apparatus 3 of the present embodiment creates an ultrasonic image such that the 12 o'clock direction in FIG. 2 is the 12 o'clock direction of the ultrasonic image. Therefore, in the end, the position direction-de-time includes the direction indicating the normal direction of the ultrasonic image and the direction of ⁇ 2 o'clock.
- the operator causes the controller 56 to switch the switch 55 via the keyboard 8 or the mouse 9.
- the output destination of the position / direction data is set in the ultrasonic image memory 41.
- this scanning method is referred to as manual scanning.
- this scanning method is referred to as manual scanning.
- this scanning method is referred to as manual scanning.
- a plurality of continuous ultrasonic images 62 are obtained.
- the region of interest 61 is included in most ultrasonic images.
- the ultrasonic observation device 3 sequentially outputs the ultrasonic images generated in this way to the ultrasonic image memory 41. Controllers 5 and 6
- the controller 56 stores the position and direction data as a header of the image data of the ultrasonic image or as a whole data. Due to recent advances in digital technology, the ultrasonic observation device 3 can construct an ultrasonic image with almost no delay with respect to radial scanning, and the recent position detection device 5 has a position direction with little delay with respect to transmission of a magnetic field. Since data can be calculated, the ultrasonic image memory 41 stores, in effect, each ultrasonic image and the position / direction data at the moment when the echo signal is acquired.
- the three-dimensional data construction circuit 42 reads a plurality of continuous ultrasonic images from the ultrasonic image memory 41 and averages overlapping portions of each, or performs interpolation processing between the ultrasonic images to obtain an address.
- a three-dimensional image data expressed in three-dimensional rectangular coordinates is created and output to the three-dimensional image memory 43.
- the three-dimensional image data 63 consists of cells 64 whose addresses are represented by three-dimensional rectangular coordinates, and each cell 64 represents the luminance obtained based on the echo signal. Have value overnight.
- the cross-section extraction circuit 44 extracts a large number of cells 64 corresponding to an appropriate plurality of cross-sections from the three-dimensional image data 63, and generates cross-section image data (hereinafter referred to as cross-section image data). I do.
- the cross-sectional image data is output to the cross-sectional image memory 45 and stored. It should be noted that the position and direction of the cross section are set in advance by the operator via the keyboard 8 and the mouse 9, and in the present embodiment, a plurality of cross sections perpendicular to each other are set for convenience of explanation. I do.
- the surface extraction circuit 46 cuts the three-dimensional image data 63 into a parallel cross-sectional image (hereinafter, referred to as a parallel slice image data 65). Then, cells corresponding to the luminal surface are extracted from each of the parallel slice images 65.
- a known processing method as described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-192 by the present applicant is used.
- the surface extraction circuit 46 creates binarized surface shape data separately from the three-dimensional image data 63 by setting cells corresponding to the surface to 1 and cells corresponding to other than the surface to 0. Then, it outputs to the surface shape memory 57 in the shape matching circuit 50.
- the operator causes the controller 56 to switch the switch 55 via the keyboard 8 or the mouse 9.
- the output destination of the position / direction data is set in the optical image memory 47.
- the operator moves the insertion section 21 of the ultrasonic endoscope 2 while capturing an optical image so that the region of interest 61 is captured at various angles as shown in FIG.
- the observation device 4 outputs the optical images thus generated to the optical image memory 47 one after another.
- the controller 56 stores each optical image in the optical image memory 47 in association with the position and orientation at the moment when the optical image is input. For example, the controller 56 stores the position and orientation data as a header of the image data of the optical image or data of the image data.
- the optical observation device 4 can construct an optical image with almost no delay from the image captured by the CCD camera 31 and the position detection device 5 transmits the magnetic field. Since the position and orientation data can be calculated with almost no delay for the optical image, the optical image memory 47 effectively stores each optical image and the position and orientation data at the moment when it was captured. become.
- the surface shape estimating circuit 48 reads a plurality of continuous optical images from the optical image memory 47 and estimates the surface shape.
- 'A method for estimating the surface shape uses a known processing method as described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-295618 by the present applicant.
- the position and direction of the tip of the input unit 21 are detected using the position detection device 5 in the same manner as in the present application, and further, the subject is detected using the optical image from the CCD camera 31. It is a method to estimate the surface shape with high accuracy o
- the surface shape estimating circuit 48 creates a binarized surface shape data by setting the cells corresponding to the surface to 1 and the cells corresponding to other than the surface to 0, and generates the surface shape data in the shape matching circuit 50. Output to shape memory 58.
- the conceptual diagram of this surface profile is the same as that of Fig. 8 described above.
- the surface shape estimating circuit 48 creates three-dimensional image data of the lumen surface separately from the surface shape data by mapping the original brightness value of the optical image to the surface shape, 3D image Output to memory 49.
- the conceptual diagram of the three-dimensional image data is the same as FIG. 6 described above.
- the three-dimensional image data is composed of cells whose addresses are represented by three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates. Each cell represents the luminance value of the lumen surface obtained from the imaging signal as R (red), G (green), B O with (blue) as data
- the shape matching circuit 50 compares the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image in the surface shape memory 57 with the surface shape data obtained from the optical image in the surface shape memory 58 to obtain the optical data. Calculate how the surface shape data obtained from the image is rotated, translated, and enlarged / reduced to best match the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image. This is shown in Figure 10.
- the cross-correlation circuit 59 applies rotation, translation, and enlargement / Z reduction to the surface shape data 72 obtained from the optical image, Calculate the cross-correlation value F with the obtained surface shape data 7 1 and repeat this while changing the degree of rotation, translation, and scaling conversion minutely, thereby obtaining the rotation when the cross-correlation value is maximized.
- Output to circuit 5 1 The following describes the analytical model. If f (X, y, z) is the surface shape data 71 obtained from the ultrasonic image, and g (X, y, ⁇ ) is the surface shape data obtained from the optical image 7 2, the respective functions are as follows. Take the value of
- T x ( ⁇ ), ⁇ y ( ⁇ ), and ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) are rotation matrices around the ⁇ , y, and z axes, respectively.
- x ', y ,, z 5 are each (x, y, z), ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), ( ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ y, ⁇ ⁇ ), Ru written as Hino function Will be.
- the cross-correlation value F is given by the following equation as a function of (, ⁇ , ⁇ ), ( ⁇ X, ⁇ y, ⁇ ), and ⁇ .
- the value to be obtained satisfies the following and maximizes the cross-correlation value F ⁇ 0, ⁇ , ⁇ , (6 ⁇ ) ⁇ , ( ⁇ y) ⁇ , (dz) o, ⁇ ⁇
- the circuit 59 repeats the calculations of the equations (3) and (4) while slightly changing the values of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), ( ⁇ , ⁇ y, ⁇ ), and Hi in order to obtain these.
- the cross-correlation circuit 59 outputs 0, 0o, 00, ( ⁇ x) o, dy) ⁇ , ( ⁇ ) ⁇ , ⁇ as the matching information to the coordinate conversion circuit 51.
- These values are coordinate transformation parameters that give the coincidence between the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image and the surface shape data obtained from the optical image. Next, the synthesis and display of a three-dimensional image will be described.
- the coordinate transformation circuit 51 performs coordinate transformation on the three-dimensional image data 63 obtained from the optical image in the three-dimensional image memory 49.
- the coordinate transformation circuit 51 converts the surface shape data 72 obtained from the optical image to the surface shape data 71 obtained from the ultrasonic image. Rotating, translating, enlarging / reducing the surface shape data obtained from the optical image in the same way as rotating and translating the 3D image data obtained from the optical image. Scale up / down.
- the coordinate conversion circuit 51 converts the values of 0, ⁇ 0, ⁇ 0, ( ⁇ ⁇ ) ⁇ , ( ⁇ y) ⁇ , ( ⁇ )) ⁇ , and h ⁇ from the cross-correlation circuit 59.
- the coordinate transformation process expressed by the equation (3) is applied to the three-dimensional image data 63 obtained from the optical image in the three-dimensional image memory 49.
- the coordinate-transformed three-dimensional image data (hereinafter referred to as surface image data) is output to the surface image memory 52 and stored. By performing such processing, the coordinate system and the surface image data of the cross-sectional image data in the cross-sectional image memory 45 are obtained.
- the coordinate system of the surface image in the memory 52 coincides.
- the synthesizing circuit 53 synthesizes the cross-sectional image data and the surface image data, performs processing such as hidden surface elimination, and converts the surface 73 obtained from the optical image shown in FIG. 11 and the cross-section 7 obtained from the ultrasonic image. By compositing, a three-dimensional image in which the region of interest 61 is displayed is constructed.
- This three-dimensional image is converted into a signal such as a video signal and output to the monitor 7 so that it can be output to the screen 7 a of the monitor 7 by the display circuit 54.
- Monitor 7 Displays a three-dimensional image.
- the position and direction of the optical image and the ultrasonic image can be accurately correlated and displayed without the need to replace the endoscope from the patient.
- the examination time can be shortened, and the labor for maintenance of the endoscope before and after the examination such as cleaning and disinfection can be reduced, and the burden on the patient can be reduced.
- the surface extraction circuit 46 cuts the three-dimensional image data into a parallel slice image 65 and extracts the surface, and then creates the surface shape data 66.
- it may be configured to extract the surface from each ultrasonic image as it is and to interpolate the surface to create the surface shape data 66.
- the surface extraction method described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Can be Further, the surface extraction method may be any other known method.
- the surface shape estimating circuit 48 is configured to estimate the surface shape by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-29556 / 18.
- the position and direction of the distal end of the insertion section 21 are detected, and optical images of the same subject from the CCD camera 31 at different times are used to detect a time difference.
- Other methods for estimating the surface shape of the subject by teleo-vision may be used.
- Fig. 12 is an electronic radial scanning type ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment and a diagram for explaining the scanning thereof.
- FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a convex scanning ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment and its scanning.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a two-dimensional array type ultrasonic endoscope applicable to the first embodiment and scanning thereof.
- a mechanical radial scanning type ultrasonic endoscope 2 that mechanically rotates an ultrasonic transducer 22 and performs radial scanning is used as an ultrasonic endoscope.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- an electronic radial scanning ultrasonic endoscope 81 in which a strip-shaped ultrasonic transducer 82 shown in FIG. 12 is provided in an annular array with respect to the insertion axis, Place the ultrasonic vibrator 92 along the insertion axis shown in Fig. 13.
- a Compex-scanning ultrasonic endoscope 91 provided in a rectangular shape may be used.
- scanning in which the insertion portion 93 is twisted about the insertion axis as shown in FIG. 13 is performed instead of manual scanning.
- the mirror 101 may be applied to the present invention.
- two transmission coils 24 are provided independently, but this is wound around two axes as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, and 14.
- the coil 84 may be integrated, and the form of the transmission coil may be variously applied. Furthermore, even if the transmission coil 24 and the reception coil 12 shown in FIG. Since the position and direction data of the tip can be calculated, there is no problem.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a shape matching circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration and operation of the shape matching circuit 110.
- the shape matching circuit 110 includes a surface shape memory 57, a surface shape memory 58, a center of gravity calculation circuit 111 as a center of gravity calculation means, a center of gravity comparison circuit 112, and a translation circuit 113.
- An inertia spindle calculation circuit 114 as inertia spindle calculation means, an inertia spindle comparison circuit 115, a rotation circuit 116, and a cross-correlation circuit 117 are provided.
- the solid line in Fig. 15 shows the flow of signals or data related to the optical image
- the broken line shows the flow of signals or data related to the ultrasonic image
- the dotted line shows the flow of matching information.
- a cross-correlation circuit performs rotation, translation, and scale conversion on a surface shape data obtained from an optical image, and performs a surface shape data obtained from a supersonic image. Calculates the cross-correlation value F, and repeats it while changing the degree of rotation, translation, and scaling in small increments, so that the Euler angles of rotation when the cross-correlation value is maximized, ⁇ , ⁇ ), The displacement ( ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ y 5 ⁇ ⁇ ) and the enlargement / reduction ratio were calculated.
- the rotation is based on the positional relationship of the principal axes of inertia of both surface shape data, and only the dog expansion / reduction uses the cross-correlation circuit 117, and ( ⁇ X, ⁇ y, d), calculate.
- the center-of-gravity calculating circuit 111 reads out the surface shape data stored in both surface shape memories and calculates the position vector of the center of gravity of each.
- i is a number assigned to a cell constituting the surface shape memory
- r i is a position vector of each cell
- I i is data of each cell (the surface is 1; otherwise, 0.).
- the center-of-gravity comparison circuit 1 1 2 calculates the difference vector between the center-of-gravity position vector G calculated in the both-surface shape data and the position shift between the two-surface shape data, that is, the translational displacement ( ⁇ , ⁇ y, ⁇ ) are calculated. After that, the center of gravity comparison circuit 1 1 2
- the translation circuit 1 13 applies translation (translation) processing to the surface shape data 7 obtained from the optical image in the surface shape memory 58 to obtain the surface shape data 7 obtained from the ultrasonic image. Align the center of gravity with 1 and output it to the rotation circuit 1 16 and the inertia spindle calculation circuit 1 14.
- the main shaft inertia calculating circuit 114 reads out the surface shape data from the ultrasonic image stored in the surface shape memory 57 and calculates the unit vector of the main shaft.
- the inertia spindle calculation circuit 1 14 calculates the inertia of the surface shape data from the optical image centered by the translation circuit 113.
- the unit vector of the sex axis is also calculated.
- the principal axis of inertia is a set of three orthogonal axes that are inherent in any rigid body and are usually treated in classical mechanics.
- the main axis of inertia calculation circuit 114 regards the surface shape data as a set of cells represented by the luminance value Ii and the position vector ri, and further reads the surface shape data by reading the luminance value as mass. Assuming that it is a rigid body, the principal axis of inertia is calculated from the surface shape data just like a rigid body.
- the principal axis of inertia calculation circuit 114 calculates the right-handed unit vector of three axes perpendicular to the principal axis of inertia for each of the surface shape data from the ultrasonic image and the surface shape data from the optical image.
- Methods for calculating the principal axes of inertia are known in classical mechanics and linear algebra.
- the inertia spindle comparison circuit 1 15 calculates the relationship between the unit vectors of the inertia spindle calculated from both surface shape data.
- the relationship between the two is represented by a 3-by-3 orthogonal matrix, from which the Euler angles of rotation (, ⁇ , ⁇ ) are calculated. This value is the rotational deviation between the two surface shape data.
- the inertia spindle comparison circuit 115 outputs this value to the coordinate conversion circuit 51 and the rotation circuit 116.
- the rotation circuit 1 16 performs rotation processing on the surface shape data obtained from the optical image output from the translation circuit 1 13 and aligns the direction with the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image.
- Output to the cross-correlation circuit 1 17 The cross-correlation circuit 117 reads the surface shape data 71 obtained from the ultrasonic image from the surface shape memory 57. Then, the cross-correlation circuit 117 enlarges or reduces the surface shape data obtained from the optical image output from the rotation circuit 116, and takes a cross-correlation between the two surface shape data. Further, by repeating the enlargement or reduction while changing the magnification, a peak that maximizes the cross-correlation value is obtained and output to the coordinate conversion circuit 51.
- the rotation boiler angles (, ⁇ , ⁇ ), the translational displacements (dx, ⁇ y, ⁇ ⁇ ), and the enlargement / reduction rates that maximize the cross-correlation value are all independent.
- the translational displacement (dx, ⁇ y, ⁇ ) is calculated from the center of gravity calculation circuit 11 1 and the center of gravity comparison circuit 1 12 from the rotation Euler.
- the angles ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) are calculated from the principal axis of inertia calculation circuit 114 and the principal axis of inertia comparison circuit 115, and the cross-correlation circuit 117 only calculates the enlargement / reduction ratio. Since cross-correlation processing is generally heavy, according to the second embodiment, processing can be performed at a higher speed than in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a shape matching circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the configuration and operation of the shape matching circuit 120. Only different points from the second embodiment will be described.
- the shape matching circuit 120 has a new adjusting circuit 121.
- the other configuration of the third embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.
- the translational displacement (dX, ⁇ y, ⁇ ) output from the center-of-gravity comparison circuit 112 and the rotation Euler angle (,, ⁇ , ⁇ ) are directly output to the coordinate conversion circuit 51.
- these outputs are output to the adjustment circuit 121 as coarse adjustment values.
- the cross-correlation circuit 1 17 separates the Euler angles of rotation (3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and the translational displacements (5 x, ⁇ y, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) separately from the coarse adjustment values as in the first embodiment. Calculate the enlargement / reduction ratio. However, at this time, the cross-correlation.
- the adjustment circuit 1 2 1 calculates an accurate value from the coarse adjustment value and the fine adjustment value for the rotation coiler angles ⁇ , ⁇ ) and the translational displacement (5 x, y, ⁇ ⁇ ), and calculates the coordinate conversion circuit 5. Output to 1. Further, the adjustment circuit 12 21 outputs the enlargement / reduction ratio ⁇ from the cross-correlation circuit 1 17 as it is.
- the rough adjustment value is output to the coordinate conversion circuit 51 as matching information.
- the surface shape data obtained from the optical image and the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image are compared.
- the range imaged in the body cavity may be slightly different, and these coarse adjustment values may not accurately represent the Euler angle of rotation and the translational displacement ⁇
- the shape matching circuit 120 is configured in the second embodiment. In this case, more accurate matching information can be output. Further, by performing the coarse adjustment before the cross-correlation circuit 117 calculates the fine adjustment value, it is possible to perform the cross-correlation processing while changing the independent variable while limiting the change range of the independent variable. Processing can be performed faster than in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an image processing device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a mapping circuit 25 1 is provided in the image processing device 206 in place of the coordinate conversion circuit 51 of the first embodiment.
- the three-dimensional image data 63 Although the surface of the three-dimensional image shown in FIG. 11 was used as it is, in the fourth embodiment, the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image was replaced with the luminance of the three-dimensional image obtained from the optical image. The value is mapped to represent the surface. Specifically, it is as follows.
- the mapping circuit 25 1 receives the surface shape data from the surface extraction circuit 46, the matching information from the shape matching circuit 50, and the 3D image data 6-3 from the 3D image memory 49. I do.
- the surface shape data of these is obtained from an ultrasonic image, and the R (red), G (green) and B (blue) of the lumen surface obtained from the optical image Have in the data.
- the mapping circuit 251 associates each cell of the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image with the cell of the three-dimensional image data obtained from the optical image based on the matching information. Then, the luminance value of the three-dimensional image data obtained from the optical image is mapped to the surface shape data obtained from the ultrasonic image and output to the surface image memory 52.
- FIGS. 18 and 19 relate to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an image processing device
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an image displayed on a monitor.
- an associating circuit 353 is provided in place of the synthesizing circuit 53 of the first embodiment.
- mapping circuit 3 5 3 the coordinates of the mouse cursor on the screen 7 a of the monitor 7 are changed from the controller 5 6 sequentially as the mouse force-sol coordinate value data by the operator's operation of the mouse 9. input.
- the image processing apparatus 303 includes the cross-sectional image memory 45, the three-dimensional image memory 49, the surface image memory 52, and the coordinate conversion circuit 51 of the first embodiment. Instead, a parallel slice image memory 360 is provided.
- the parallel slice image memory 360 stores all of the parallel slice image data created by the surface extraction circuit 46 o
- the three-dimensional image shown in FIG. 11 is synthesized and displayed.
- the original image of the optical image and the ultrasonic image is simultaneously displayed as it is, and both the images are displayed. Display corresponding points. This is shown in Figure 19.
- the mapping circuit 35 3 shown in FIG. 18 displays an appropriate optical image 3 71 on the left side of the screen 7 a of the monitor 7 as shown in FIG.
- the operator selects a desired one using the keyboard 8 or the mouse 9, and the operator selects the desired one using the mouse 9 and the mouse cursor 3 7 2 on the screen 7a of the monitor 7.
- the controller 56 outputs the mouse cursor coordinate value data to the association circuit 353.
- the operator designates one point on the optical image 371, by operating the mouse click or the like.
- the mapping circuit 353 adds this point to this point.
- the associating circuit 353 converts the parallel slice image data including the corresponding point to the marker 373 on the optical image 371 into parallel slices. Select and read from the image memory 360. Thereafter, the associating circuit 353 attaches a marker 375 to the corresponding point on the parallel slice image data, and displays the parallel slice image 374 on the right side of the monitor 7 screen. Other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the surface created from the optical image 37 1 shown in FIG. 11 is combined with a three-dimensional image and displayed.
- the resolution is the same as that of the optical image 37 1. It may be lower than the original image.
- the optical image 371 can be observed as it is with the original image having a good resolution by the image processing device 36, and it can be compared with the section having the ultrasonic brightness value. can do.
- the parallel slice image data is used as the ultrasonic data to be displayed.
- the associating circuit 353 is connected to the marker 373 on the optical image 371.
- the ultrasonic image of the original image closest to the corresponding point may be selected from the ultrasonic image memory 41.
- the position and direction of the optical image and the ultrasonic image can be accurately correlated and displayed without replacing the endoscope from the patient. This shortens the time required for maintenance of the endoscope before and after examinations such as cleaning and disinfection, and reduces the burden on the patient.
- an ultrasonic endoscope apparatus capable of displaying an optical image and an ultrasonic image in an accurate correspondence with each other in position and direction.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04736120A EP1632184B1 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-06-04 | Ultrasonic endoscope |
| US11/294,985 US20060183992A1 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2005-12-06 | Ultrasonic endoscope device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003162845A JP4414682B2 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | 超音波内視鏡装置 |
| JP2003-162845 | 2003-06-06 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/294,985 Continuation US20060183992A1 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2005-12-06 | Ultrasonic endoscope device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004107982A1 true WO2004107982A1 (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
Family
ID=33508679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/008151 Ceased WO2004107982A1 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-06-04 | 超音波内視鏡装置 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060183992A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1632184B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4414682B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004107982A1 (ja) |
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- 2005-12-06 US US11/294,985 patent/US20060183992A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05324835A (ja) * | 1992-05-18 | 1993-12-10 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 二次元図形のパターンマッチング方法及びその装置 |
| JP2000116655A (ja) | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-25 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 診断装置 |
| JP2002017729A (ja) * | 2000-07-11 | 2002-01-22 | Toshiba Corp | 超音波内視鏡診断装置 |
| JP2003038492A (ja) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-12 | Pentax Corp | 超音波内視鏡装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| See also references of EP1632184A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1632184B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| US20060183992A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
| JP4414682B2 (ja) | 2010-02-10 |
| JP2004358096A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
| EP1632184A4 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
| EP1632184A1 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
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