WO2005027253A2 - Brennstoffzelle und brennstoffzellenmodul hierzu - Google Patents
Brennstoffzelle und brennstoffzellenmodul hierzu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005027253A2 WO2005027253A2 PCT/DE2004/002021 DE2004002021W WO2005027253A2 WO 2005027253 A2 WO2005027253 A2 WO 2005027253A2 DE 2004002021 W DE2004002021 W DE 2004002021W WO 2005027253 A2 WO2005027253 A2 WO 2005027253A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- plates
- anode
- cell module
- cathode plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
- H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention further relates to a fuel cell formed from at least two such fuel cell modules.
- Fuel cells for generating electrical energy through the electrochemical reaction of fuel and gas are well known and are used, for example, to supply buildings or vehicles.
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cells
- a cell of a fuel cell module is formed from a permeable anode plate, an impermeable electrolyte intermediate layer and a permeable cathode plate, which are stacked on top of one another.
- US Pat. No. 5,069,985 describes a crosswise stacked fuel cell module which is connected in series and has a common gas supply, gas discharge, fuel supply or fuel discharge on each end face.
- the fuel cells are electrically connected in series so that the supply and discharge connections are connected to the end faces in an electrically insulated manner.
- the anode and cathode plates preferably have a rectangular base area with a longer longitudinal side in relation to the end faces, the anode plates being aligned parallel to one another and the cathode plates being aligned parallel to one another.
- the anode and cathode plates are arranged in the center and the longitudinal axes of the anode plates are aligned at an angle to the longitudinal axes of the cathode plates. This means that a single supply or discharge line for gas or fuel can be arranged on each side surface of the fuel cell module.
- the common supply line or discharge line can have a connecting piece extending over the height of the fuel cell module and the width of the assigned end face, so that the anode and cathode plates can be reliably connected gas-tight despite possible temperature fluctuations.
- An electrically insulating, ion-conducting intermediate layer can also be arranged between anode plates and cathode plates arranged one above the other. This increases the permeability for ions and creates a “predetermined breaking point” in the thermal gradient.
- the intermediate layer can have, for example, nickel-8YSR or CeO ⁇ / Ni known from fuel cell technology.
- the anode plates can be made in a known manner from cermet material, in particular nickel cermet, and the cathode plates from ceramic material, in particular perovskite (LSM or La x Sr y Ca z Mn ⁇ 3 ) by firing after the molding of plate blanks provided with parallel tubes be formed.
- cermet material in particular nickel cermet
- ceramic material in particular perovskite (LSM or La x Sr y Ca z Mn ⁇ 3 ) by firing after the molding of plate blanks provided with parallel tubes be formed.
- the object is further achieved with a fuel cell battery in that at least two fuel cell modules of the type described above are electrically connected in series.
- the fuel cell modules are preferably stacked one above the other.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the layer structure of a single cell comprising anode plate, cathode plate, electrolyte material and intermediate layers;
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a fuel cell module with a plurality of individual cells stacked alternately crosswise one above the other;
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a fuel cell module with anode and cathode plates stacked crosswise one above the other and with connecting pieces on the end faces of the fuel cell module for the gas and fuel supply;
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a fuel cell with a multiplicity of stacked fuel cell modules connected in series.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the layer structure of an individual cell as the basic unit of a fuel cell module, which is essentially constructed from anode plate 1 and cathode plate 2, which are layered crosswise one above the other, with electrolyte material 3 arranged therebetween.
- the anode and cathode plates 1, 2 have, in a known manner, integrated parallel tubes 5 for the passage of gas G or fuel B.
- the anode plates 1 can be fired, for example, from Ni-8YSZ cermet and the cathode plates 2 from perovskite (LaSrCaMnO3).
- the intermediate layer 4 can be formed, for example, as a mixed cathode from 8YSZ perovskite or ScSZ perovskite. 8 YSR or ScSZ is suitable as the electrolyte material 3.
- the materials mentioned are well known from fuel cell technology.
- U voltage drop
- R electrical resistance
- ⁇ specific electrical conductivity
- A electrically conductive cross-sectional area
- d distance of electrical resistance
- the conductive cross section of a cathode plate 2 made of LSM should thus be approximately ten times larger than the conductive cross section of the electrolyte material 4 in order to be able to conduct the same current I.
- Either the cross-section AK of the cathode plate 2 or its specific conductivity ⁇ « would have to be increased by several orders of magnitude. Since an enlargement of the cross section of the cathode plate 2 alone is not possible, the effective conductivity ⁇ , eff of the cathode plate 2 must be increased and brought into balance with the conductivity of the anode plate 1.
- the anode plates 1 are arranged with their longitudinal axis rotated at an angle of approximately 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the cathode plates 2, so that the end faces of the anode plates 1 with the feed connections to the tubes 5 are seen clockwise ,
- the end faces of the cathode plates 2 with the feed connections to the tubes 5, the end faces of the anode plates 1 with the discharge connections to the tubes 5, and the end faces of the cathode plates 2 with the discharge connections to the tubes 5 are each offset by 90 ° to one another. It is therefore possible to provide a single connection piece for the gas supply, the gas discharge, the fuel supply or the fuel discharge on each end face of a fuel cell module.
- the anode plates 1 can be electrically connected in parallel and the cathode plates 2 can also be connected in parallel to one another.
- the resulting low DC output voltage of the fuel cell module with high current strength compared to the conventional series circuit can be compensated for by a power electronics circuit with power semiconductors.
- the cruciform architecture of the fuel cell module means that the anode plates 1 and cathode plates 2 can be supplied in a compact, uniform manner by connecting pieces 9, for example in the form of metallic sockets (ferritic steels), and can be electrically connected in parallel.
- the gases and fuels for the anode plates 1 and cathode plates 2 are supplied and discharged separately with supply and exhaust air lines 10. This is necessary for fuel cells due to the system.
- the connecting pieces of the anode plates 1 are not shown for the sake of clarity, but they correspond to the sketched connecting pieces 9 for the cathode plates 2.
- the connecting pieces 9 should be corrosion-resistant, although the product water in the anode plates 1 is continuously discharged at the high temperatures prevailing during operation.
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a fuel cell with a plurality of fuel cell modules 7 stacked one above the other.
- the supply B-IN of fuel for example of H 2 CO, methane or methanol or the like, takes place through the supply line 10 of the connecting piece 9 of the anode plates 1.
- the fuel is removed after the reaction, ie H 2 O + CO 2 + heat takes place on the opposite end face of the anode plates 1.
- the supply of air (O 2 ) takes place through the supply line 10 of the connecting piece 9 of the cathode plates 2 and the removal of de-enriched ones Air O 2 and heat occur on the opposite end of the cathode plates 2.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK04786743T DK1665443T3 (da) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Brændselscelle og tilhörende brændselscellemodul |
| US10/571,612 US20060292430A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Fuel cell and fuel cell module therefor |
| DE502004008167T DE502004008167D1 (de) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Brennstoffzelle und zugehöriges brennstoffzellenmodul |
| CA002538871A CA2538871A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Fuel cell and fuel cell module therefor |
| EP04786743A EP1665443B1 (de) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Brennstoffzelle und zugehöriges brennstoffzellenmodul |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10342493.8 | 2003-09-12 | ||
| DE10342493A DE10342493B4 (de) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Brennstoffzellenmodul und Brennstoffzellenbatterie |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005027253A2 true WO2005027253A2 (de) | 2005-03-24 |
| WO2005027253A3 WO2005027253A3 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
Family
ID=34305749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2004/002021 Ceased WO2005027253A2 (de) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Brennstoffzelle und brennstoffzellenmodul hierzu |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060292430A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1665443B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE409967T1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2538871A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10342493B4 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK1665443T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005027253A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007028299A1 (de) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Daimler Ag | Brennstoffzellenanordnung mit belüftetem Brennstoffzellengehäuse |
| DE102007036477A1 (de) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bipolarplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| WO2015118208A1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-13 | Elcogen Oy | Assembly method and arrangement for a cell system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4345009A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1982-08-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel cell stack compressive loading system |
| JPS6130968U (ja) * | 1984-07-28 | 1986-02-25 | 株式会社 富士電機総合研究所 | 燃料電池セルスタツク |
| US5069985A (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1991-12-03 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Plaque fuel cell stack |
| DE4011506A1 (de) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-10-17 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Brennstoffzellenanordnung und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| DE19639517A1 (de) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-09 | Wolfgang Prof Dr Winkler | Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung |
| US5804326A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-09-08 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Integrated reactant and coolant fluid flow field layer for an electrochemical fuel cell |
| US6649296B1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2003-11-18 | Hybrid Power Generation Systems, Llc | Unitized cell solid oxide fuel cells |
| JP4880836B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2012-02-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックおよび反応ガス供給方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-09-12 DE DE10342493A patent/DE10342493B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-09-09 CA CA002538871A patent/CA2538871A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-09 AT AT04786743T patent/ATE409967T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-09 DE DE502004008167T patent/DE502004008167D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-09 WO PCT/DE2004/002021 patent/WO2005027253A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-09-09 US US10/571,612 patent/US20060292430A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-09 DK DK04786743T patent/DK1665443T3/da active
- 2004-09-09 EP EP04786743A patent/EP1665443B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005027253A3 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
| ATE409967T1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
| DK1665443T3 (da) | 2009-02-09 |
| DE10342493A1 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
| DE502004008167D1 (de) | 2008-11-13 |
| EP1665443B1 (de) | 2008-10-01 |
| US20060292430A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
| CA2538871A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| EP1665443A2 (de) | 2006-06-07 |
| DE10342493B4 (de) | 2008-04-10 |
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