WO2006001019A2 - Ofmda preambles system and method - Google Patents

Ofmda preambles system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006001019A2
WO2006001019A2 PCT/IL2005/000684 IL2005000684W WO2006001019A2 WO 2006001019 A2 WO2006001019 A2 WO 2006001019A2 IL 2005000684 W IL2005000684 W IL 2005000684W WO 2006001019 A2 WO2006001019 A2 WO 2006001019A2
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preamble
codes
disclosure
detailed
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WO2006001019A3 (en
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Zion Hadad
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Priority to US12/279,646 priority Critical patent/US8165010B2/en
Priority to EP05754646A priority patent/EP2022191A2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H04L27/262—Reduction thereof by selection of pilot symbols

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in codes used in wireless communications, and more specifically to preamble codes.
  • the invention relates to improvements in preamble codes used in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for the physical layer (PHY).
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • the invention may be used, for example, to improve the communication performance in systems within the IEEE 802.16 Standard for Broadband Wireless Access. Such improvements may better adapt the OFDMA to a mobile environment.
  • the improvements may be used in the OFDMA PHY/MAC layers.
  • PAPR Peak to Average Power Ratio
  • the communications may use various Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) values, thus improvements preferably should be capable at operating at these values.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • This invention describes improved preamble codes having a lower PAPR value.
  • the preambles used in the 2K OFDMA mode were devised so as to have a lower PAPR, this having many advantages.
  • a lower PAPR allows to boost the preamble to get better performance in the estimation/acquisition/cell monitoring, etc.
  • the present disclosure includes improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 1024
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 1024
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 512
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 512
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 128
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 128
  • Fig. 7 details a first wireless cell surrounded by a first tier and a second tier of cells.
  • Fig. 8 details a method for computing improved performance preamble codes.
  • the present disclosure includes, by way of example, improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.
  • PN Pseudo Noise
  • Table 1 describes the parameters used for each FFT size.
  • the series length is determined by mapping the carriers up to the last allowed carrier, then truncated if the series is too long.
  • the following tables illustrate series required for different FFT sizes.
  • the PN series are shown in hexadecimal format, wherein each digit represents values from 0 to 15 decimal (0,1,2,3...9,A,B,C,D,E 1 F) , thus each digit may represent four bits of code.
  • the binary series may be lengthened by padding with zeros at the end of a sequence so the number of bits is a multiple of k (each hexa digit represents k bits) or a multiple of 8 (each byte represents 8 bits).
  • the series may be then converted to hexa from the MSB to LSB.
  • Table 2 illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid , for the IK FFT mode . Suggested title: Table 307b, if included in the IEEE Standard.
  • Table 3 illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 512 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307c, if included in the IEEE Standard.
  • Table k illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 128 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307d, if included in the IEEE Standard.
  • the present invention may also be included as an improvement in the IEEE Standard P802.18e/D3 change, by adding on page 79 the paragraph in page 556 IEEE802.16d-2004 to read:
  • the PN series modulating the pilots are defined in Tables 307a-307d.
  • the series modulated depends on the segment used and IDcell parameter.
  • the defined series shall be mapped onto the preamble subcarriers in ascending order.
  • Tables 307a-307d include the PN sequence in Hexadecimal format.
  • the value of the PN may be obtained by converting the series to a binary series (Wk) and starting mapping the PN from the MSB of each symbol to the LSB. Thus, for example, 0 may be mapped to +1 and 1 to -1.
  • Table 5 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the IK FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307b, if included in the IEEE Standard. Table 1. The parameters used for each FFT size Table 2. Preambles modulation series for the IK FFT mode Table 3. Preambles modulation series for the 512 FFT Table 4. Preambles modulation series for the 128 FFT mode Table 5. Preambles modulation series for the IK FFT mode Table 6. Preambles modulation series for the 512 FFT mode Table 7. Preambles modulation series for the 128 FFT mode Table 6 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 512 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307c, if included in the IEEE Standard.
  • Table 7 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 128 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307d, if included in the IEEE Standard.
  • Preamble properties the preambles were chosen using a computer search which minimizes the PAPR and cross-correlation properties (or a coherent/slow or differential/fast cell search) .
  • a cellular model was used, see Fig. 7, which includes a first cell 11 surrounded by a first tier 12 of 6 cells and a second tier 13 of 12 cells, 19 cells in total.
  • Each cell may have three sectors separated in frequency, groups Fl, F2 and F3; in another embodiment, the cells may have six sectors each.
  • Fl, F2, F3 each may refer to an orthogonal set of subcarriers.
  • Codes evaluation in a predefined model including a wireless cell, a first tier including 6 cells and a second tier including 12 cells, 19 cells in total [23] .
  • the present invention refers to improvements in wireless communications. It describes improved preamble codes having a lower PAPR value. A lower PAPR allows to boost the preamble to get better performance in the estimation/acquisition/cell monitoring, etc.
  • the present disclosure includes improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

A preamble code usable in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for the physical layer (PHY), selected for improved PAPR in a 1024, 512 or 128 FFT OFDMA mode. Tables 2 to 7 detail code sequences having improved PAPR performance. The disclosed codes may be used in cellular wireless.

Description

OFMDA Preambles system and method
The present application is related to, and claims priority from, the U.S. provisional application No. 60/582,820 filed on 28 June 2004 and entitled "Preambles design for OFDBIA PHY layer, FFT sizes of 1024, 512, and 128" and from U.S. provisional application No. 60/605,497 filed on 31 August 2004 and entitled "Preambles design for OFDMA PHY layer, FFT sizes of 1024, 512, and 128" , both filed by the present applicant and inventor.
Technical Field
This invention relates to improvements in codes used in wireless communications, and more specifically to preamble codes.
Background Art
The invention relates to improvements in preamble codes used in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for the physical layer (PHY).
The invention may be used, for example, to improve the communication performance in systems within the IEEE 802.16 Standard for Broadband Wireless Access. Such improvements may better adapt the OFDMA to a mobile environment. The improvements may be used in the OFDMA PHY/MAC layers.
An important parameter in such communications is the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). Wideband signals may exhibit high values of PAPR, which pose high demands on the linearity performance of the system. That is, a large dynamic range is required to convey the high amplitude peaks associated with such signals. It may be highly desirable to reduce the PAPR, to allow improved performance while concurrently reducing the costs of communication systems.
It is important to achieve improved performance in short codes, of length 128, 512 and IK, in the preamble.
The communications may use various Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) values, thus improvements preferably should be capable at operating at these values.
Disclosure of Invention
This invention describes improved preamble codes having a lower PAPR value. For example, the preambles used in the 2K OFDMA mode were devised so as to have a lower PAPR, this having many advantages. For example, a lower PAPR allows to boost the preamble to get better performance in the estimation/acquisition/cell monitoring, etc.
The present disclosure includes improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.
Tables with series to modulate, for different FFT sizes, are disclosed in the present application.
Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 1024
Fig. 2 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 1024
Fig. 3 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 512
Fig. 4 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 512 Fig. 5 illustrates the PAPR distribution for FFT size 128
Fig. 6 illustrates the Cross-correlation for FFT size 128
Fig. 7 details a first wireless cell surrounded by a first tier and a second tier of cells.
Fig. 8 details a method for computing improved performance preamble codes.
Modes for Carrying Out the Invention
The present disclosure includes, by way of example, improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.
Tables with series to modulate, for different FFT sizes, are disclosed in the present application. The following tables detail Pseudo Noise (PN) sequences that may be used to modulate the pilot carriers in the preamble signal. Pilot carriers are modulated every third carrier.
Table 1 describes the parameters used for each FFT size. The series length is determined by mapping the carriers up to the last allowed carrier, then truncated if the series is too long.
The following tables illustrate series required for different FFT sizes. The PN series are shown in hexadecimal format, wherein each digit represents values from 0 to 15 decimal (0,1,2,3...9,A,B,C,D,E1F) , thus each digit may represent four bits of code.
Where required, the binary series may be lengthened by padding with zeros at the end of a sequence so the number of bits is a multiple of k (each hexa digit represents k bits) or a multiple of 8 (each byte represents 8 bits). The series may be then converted to hexa from the MSB to LSB. Table 2 illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid , for the IK FFT mode . Suggested title: Table 307b, if included in the IEEE Standard.
Table 3 illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 512 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307c, if included in the IEEE Standard.
Table k illustrates a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 128 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307d, if included in the IEEE Standard.
As disclosed in the U.S. provisional application No. 60/605,497 filed on 31 August 2004 by the present applicant, the present invention may also be included as an improvement in the IEEE Standard P802.18e/D3 change, by adding on page 79 the paragraph in page 556 IEEE802.16d-2004 to read:
The PN series modulating the pilots are defined in Tables 307a-307d. The series modulated depends on the segment used and IDcell parameter. The defined series shall be mapped onto the preamble subcarriers in ascending order. Tables 307a-307d include the PN sequence in Hexadecimal format. The value of the PN may be obtained by converting the series to a binary series (Wk) and starting mapping the PN from the MSB of each symbol to the LSB. Thus, for example, 0 may be mapped to +1 and 1 to -1. For example, in Table 307a for the 2K mode Index= 0, segment= 0, Wk= 110000010010... and the mapping may be: -1,-1,+1,+1,+1,+1,+1,-1,+1,+1(-1,+1...
Table 5 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the IK FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307b, if included in the IEEE Standard. Table 1. The parameters used for each FFT size
Figure imgf000006_0001
Table 2. Preambles modulation series for the IK FFT mode
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
Table 3. Preambles modulation series for the 512 FFT
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000015_0001
Figure imgf000016_0001
Table 4. Preambles modulation series for the 128 FFT mode
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000019_0001
Figure imgf000020_0001
Table 5. Preambles modulation series for the IK FFT mode
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000022_0001
Figure imgf000023_0001
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000025_0001
Figure imgf000026_0001
Table 6. Preambles modulation series for the 512 FFT mode
Figure imgf000027_0001
Figure imgf000028_0001
Figure imgf000029_0001
Figure imgf000030_0001
Table 7. Preambles modulation series for the 128 FFT mode
Figure imgf000031_0001
Figure imgf000032_0001
Figure imgf000033_0001
Figure imgf000034_0001
Table 6 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 512 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307c, if included in the IEEE Standard.
Table 7 illustrates another embodiment of a preambles modulation series per segment and Cellid, for the 128 FFT mode. Suggested title: Table 307d, if included in the IEEE Standard.
Preamble properties: the preambles were chosen using a computer search which minimizes the PAPR and cross-correlation properties (or a coherent/slow or differential/fast cell search) .
The graphs in Figs. 1 to 6 illustrate these properties.
The following method may be used to compute codes such as those presented in this disclosure, see Fig. 8.
To evaluate the performance of each code, a cellular model was used, see Fig. 7, which includes a first cell 11 surrounded by a first tier 12 of 6 cells and a second tier 13 of 12 cells, 19 cells in total.
Each cell may have three sectors separated in frequency, groups Fl, F2 and F3; in another embodiment, the cells may have six sectors each. Fl, F2, F3 each may refer to an orthogonal set of subcarriers.
For a group of 19 cells with 6 segments each, the total number is
We are looking for a randomizer that will achieve best performance from the aspects of Crest Factor/ PAPR and/or Cross-correlation, for the above possible scenarios. The various codes generated as detailed below have been evaluated with reference to the above model, see also Fig. 7.
Method for codes generation
1. For each of the FFT modes: 128, 512, 1024, performing the following steps (2 - 4) [21]:
2. Generating various codes, pseudo-random simulation [22]
3. Codes evaluation in a predefined model, including a wireless cell, a first tier including 6 cells and a second tier including 12 cells, 19 cells in total [23] . Compute Crest Factor, PAPR Compute Cross-correlation among codes
4. Selecting the highest performance codes according to predefined criteria in PAPR and/or Cross-correlation [24]
End of Method. Industrial Applicability
The present invention refers to improvements in wireless communications. It describes improved preamble codes having a lower PAPR value. A lower PAPR allows to boost the preamble to get better performance in the estimation/acquisition/cell monitoring, etc.
The present disclosure includes improvements in the 1024, 512 and 128 FFT OFDMA modes.
Tables with series to modulate, for different FFT sizes, are disclosed in the present application.
It will be recognized that the foregoing is but one example of an apparatus and method within the scope of the present invention and that various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure set forth hereinbefore.

Claims

Claims
1. A preamble code usable in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for the physical layer (PHY), selected for improved PAPR in a 1024, 512 or 128 FFT OFDMA mode.
2. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table 2 in the disclosure.
3. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table 3 in the disclosure.
k. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table k in the disclosure.
5. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table 5 in the disclosure.
6. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table 6 in the disclosure.
7. The preamble code according to claim 1, and as detailed in Table 7 in the disclosure.
8. A cellular system using the preamble codes according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.
9. A method for cellular communications using the preamble codes according to claim 1, 2, 3, k, 5, 6 or 7.
10. A Method for preamble codes generation, comprising: a. For each of the FFT modes: 128, 512, 1024, performing the following steps (b - d) ; b. Generating various codes; c. Codes evaluation in a predefined model including a wireless cell surrounded by other cells; d. Selecting the highest performance codes according to predefined criteria.
11. The Method for preamble codes generation according to claim 10, wherein the selection criteria include minimizing PAPR.
12. The Method for preamble codes generation according to claim 10, wherein the selection criteria include minimizing cross-correlation.
13. The Method for preamble codes generation according to claim 10, wherein the selection criteria include minimizing cross-correlation and PAPR.
PCT/IL2005/000684 2004-06-28 2005-06-28 Ofmda preambles system and method Ceased WO2006001019A2 (en)

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US12/279,646 US8165010B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2005-06-28 OFDMA preambles system and method
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US60/582,820 2004-06-28
US60549704P 2004-08-31 2004-08-31
US60/605,497 2004-08-31

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US7224742B2 (en) * 2001-12-14 2007-05-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of OFDM/OFDMA signals
DE60320956D1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2008-06-26 Alvarion Ltd HIERARCHICAL PREAMBLE STRUCTURES FOR OFDMA BASED ON COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCES
GB2393618B (en) * 2002-09-26 2004-12-15 Toshiba Res Europ Ltd Transmission signals methods and apparatus
RU2004118845A (en) * 2002-10-23 2005-04-10 Самсунг Электроникс Ко., Лтд (KR) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A SEQUENCE OF HEADINGS IN THE SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATIONS
US8422434B2 (en) * 2003-02-18 2013-04-16 Qualcomm Incorporated Peak-to-average power ratio management for multi-carrier modulation in wireless communication systems
EP3537681B1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2020-10-07 Apple Inc. Preambles in ofdma system
US20050286547A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2005-12-29 Baum Kevin L Method and apparatus for accessing a wireless multi-carrier communication system
EP1779580A4 (en) * 2004-07-27 2009-07-15 Zte San Diego Inc Transmission and reception of reference preamble signals in ofdma or ofdm communication systems
US8135088B2 (en) * 2005-03-07 2012-03-13 Q1UALCOMM Incorporated Pilot transmission and channel estimation for a communication system utilizing frequency division multiplexing

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EP2022191A2 (en) 2009-02-11
US20090303865A1 (en) 2009-12-10
US8165010B2 (en) 2012-04-24

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