WO2006109549A1 - 鉛蓄電池 - Google Patents
鉛蓄電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006109549A1 WO2006109549A1 PCT/JP2006/306075 JP2006306075W WO2006109549A1 WO 2006109549 A1 WO2006109549 A1 WO 2006109549A1 JP 2006306075 W JP2006306075 W JP 2006306075W WO 2006109549 A1 WO2006109549 A1 WO 2006109549A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- lead
- control valve
- valve
- negative electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/121—Valve regulated lead acid batteries [VRLA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
- H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
- H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
- H01M50/541—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges for lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/618—Pressure control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
- H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead storage battery, and in particular, a lead storage battery having a valve structure in a liquid stopper, and a lead storage battery capable of exhibiting excellent life characteristics without water replenishment even when the electrolyte is reduced. It is about.
- Lead-acid batteries are used in various applications including for starting automobiles.
- a lead-acid battery for starting an automobile has a positive and negative electrode plate surface immersed in an electrolyte solution (dilute sulfuric acid) and a liquid plug (exhaust plug) that connects the inside and outside of the battery.
- a so-called liquid lead acid battery attached to the liquid inlet is used.
- a negative electrode absorption control valve type lead storage battery in which oxygen gas generated in the battery is absorbed by the negative electrode plate exposed from the electrolytic solution is also used.
- a negative electrode absorption control valve type lead-acid storage battery oxygen gas generated by the positive electrode plate during charging is absorbed by the negative electrode plate, so that hydrogen generation on the negative electrode plate is suppressed, and moisture in the electrolyte solution is reduced. There is an advantage that the electrolysis of water and the decrease in water content in the electrolyte due to this are suppressed.
- a negative-electrode absorption control valve-type lead-acid storage that requires the negative electrode plate to be exposed to electrolyte force by immersing the positive and negative bipolar plates in the electrolyte. Compared to batteries, it is possible to set a larger amount of electrolyte around the electrode plate, which is advantageous in terms of discharge capacity.
- the liquid lead-acid battery is advantageous in terms of discharge capacity compared to the control valve-type lead acid battery, but oxygen and hydrogen gas accumulated in the battery are provided in the liquid plug.
- the amount of moisture reduction (reduction) in the electrolyte is greater than that of a control valve type lead-acid battery.
- Patent Document 1 In order to suppress such a decrease in moisture in the electrolytic solution, for example, in Patent Document 1, a porous body is provided in an exhaust path in a liquid stopper, and pressure loss and pore diameter due to the porous body are controlled. It is shown.
- the electrolyte mist in the battery and the gas having evaporated water (air and oxygen'hydrogen gas) are not easily replaced with the external gas (air), and the electrolyte in the porous body. Mist and evaporated water condensate and return to the inside of the battery, thereby suppressing moisture reduction in the battery.
- the porous body provided in the exhaust path can suppress the water loss of the electrolyte to some extent, the exhaust path is always formed inside and outside the battery, so the ambient temperature exceeds 40 ° C in particular. During storage and use below, the amount of electrolyte decreased was still large.
- Patent Document 2 shows a battery that is provided with a control valve and in which the positive and negative electrode plates are all immersed in an electrolytic solution.
- a control valve is attached to the liquid injection port, it has a structure in which it is not possible to easily replace the solution. If the electrolyte decreases during use, the solution cannot be replaced! / A major decline is inevitable.
- Patent Document 3 shows a lead storage battery in which a control valve structure is provided in a liquid stopper.
- the liquid spigot and valve structure are provided on the body, it does not have a conventional valve structure and cannot be shared with the liquid spigot. Therefore, because it is a completely different part, it has been an obstacle to the cost reduction of lead-acid batteries.
- control valve type lead acid batteries with a limited amount of electrolyte tend to be inferior in heat resistance compared with liquid type lead acid batteries, but unlike liquid lead acid batteries, acid outside the battery Since mist discharge is suppressed and the installation direction is flexible, it can be installed in the vehicle compartment other than the engine room where the temperature is high or in the rear cargo compartment.
- a cap-shaped valve is provided in an exhaust cylinder also serving as a liquid port.
- an exhaust cylinder also serving as a liquid port.
- Patent Document 4 a known structure
- Patent Document 5 a structure in which a plate-like valve element is arranged on an exhaust port that also serves as a liquid port.
- the opening area of the exhaust port is sufficient if the gas staying inside can be discharged, and the control valve is not airtight.
- the control valve is not airtight.
- the opening area of the exhaust port liquid port
- the larger the opening area of the cap-shaped valve and the plate-shaped valve body is required, the control valve structure is enlarged, and the parts materials are also increased. Since it becomes more expensive, the opening area of the exhaust port is preferably as small as possible.
- the exhaust port of the control valve provided in the liquid stopper can be set to a smaller diameter with the main body inner diameter of the liquid stopper being the upper limit, so that the valve body dimensions can be set smaller. Therefore, since the area to be sealed with the valve body is reduced, a highly reliable control valve with higher airtightness can be obtained.
- the liquid stopper having the control valve structure as shown in Patent Document 3 is a separate part from the liquid stopper attached to a normal liquid lead-acid battery. It must be manufactured from a molding die, and the cost of parts is significantly increased compared to a conventional liquid valve that does not include a control valve structure, and the manufacturing cost of a control valve type lead-acid battery to which it is attached is also high. It was unavoidable.
- the lead-acid battery main body is still provided with a replenishing liquid port, and a liquid stopper is detachably attached to the liquid port.
- Lead-acid batteries have been put into practical use without the need for water filling and liquid plugs for water replenishment on the premise that the battery body will be discarded and replaced with a new one when the life is over.
- the negative electrode absorption control valve type lead-acid battery mainly holds the electrolyte in the mat separator and the positive and negative electrode active materials, so it is necessary to maintain good contact between the electrode plate and the separator interface. There is. Therefore, it is necessary to always provide an appropriate pressure (group pressure) to the electrode plate and separator constituting the electrode plate group. For this purpose, it is necessary to strictly manage the variation in the thickness of the electrode plate separator and the deformation of the battery case due to the group pressure, which in turn leads to a decrease in productivity compared to liquid lead-acid batteries. This was a factor that increased the price of lead-acid batteries.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-220706
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-142148
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-346781
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-102026
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-147652
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-6-267544
- the present invention provides a liquid type lead-acid battery in which all of the positive and negative bipolar plates are immersed in the electrolytic solution, and the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator are impregnated and held in the electrolyte.
- a negative electrode absorption control valve type lead acid battery in which a part of the negative electrode plate surface is exposed to electrolyte, when a valve structure is provided in the liquid stopper, a liquid stopper that does not have a conventional valve structure
- the first objective is to reduce the burden of inventory management and lead-acid battery manufacturing costs.
- the present invention provides a liquid type lead-acid battery that has the disadvantage that replenishment is necessary during the period of use where the amount of electrolyte is decreased, and replenishment is not required.
- the negative electrode has the disadvantages that it requires strict management and higher battery case strength, resulting in higher manufacturing costs than liquid lead-acid batteries and inferior to liquid lead-acid batteries in terms of discharge capacity.
- the aim is to provide a lead-acid battery based on a completely new concept that combines the advantages of both the conventional liquid-type lead-acid battery and the control-valve-type lead-acid battery by solving the disadvantages of both the absorption-type control valve-type lead-acid battery. 2 purposes.
- a lead storage battery according to the present invention for achieving the first object has a liquid port plug provided with a vent hole for discharging gas inside the battery to the outside of the liquid port provided in the battery exterior. And the entire surfaces of the positive electrode plate surface and the negative electrode plate surface are immersed in an electrolytic solution, provided separately from the main body cylinder inside the main body cylinder of the liquid stopper, and at one end according to the battery internal pressure.
- a control valve part is formed to form a ventilation path from the provided exhaust hole to the vent hole provided at the other end.
- another lead storage battery that is useful for the invention of the present application for achieving the first object includes a vent hole for discharging gas inside the battery to the outside of the battery at a liquid port provided in the battery exterior.
- a liquid stopper is attached, the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator are impregnated with the electrolytic solution, and at least a part of the negative electrode plate surface is exposed to the electrolyte force.
- an exhaust hole force provided at one end according to the internal pressure of the battery, and a control valve portion that forms a ventilation path extending to the vent hole provided at the other end.
- This configuration also makes it possible to share parts between those that have a valve structure in the liquid stopper and those that do not, and can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of lead-acid batteries. Can have an effect
- a valve housing body including a bottom wall having an exhaust hole and a side wall provided around the bottom wall, and a valve body disposed so as to cover the exhaust hole in the valve housing body And a control valve portion that is arranged on the valve body and a part of which is a presser plate joined to the side wall, a plate-like member is used as the valve body. Since the thickness dimension can be reduced, it is effective in reducing the size of the liquid stopper and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the bottom wall having an exhaust hole, the side wall provided around the bottom wall, and the exhaust hole opening force provided to protrude in the same direction as the protruding direction of the side wall.
- a control valve portion comprising: a valve cylinder; a cap-shaped valve body mounted on the valve cylinder; and a presser plate that is disposed above the top surface of the cap-shaped valve body and a part of which is joined to the side wall.
- a lead storage battery according to the present invention for achieving the second object described above includes a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode lattice made of a Pb-Ca alloy and a negative electrode lattice having a Pb-Ca alloy force.
- the negative electrode absorption type battery can function as a liquid lead-acid battery at the beginning, and the mat separator maintains a state in which the required amount of electrolyte is impregnated even when the amount of electrolyte decreases. Because it functions as a control valve type lead-acid battery, it can exhibit excellent life characteristics under a wide range of conditions without the need for rehydration.
- the lead storage battery includes a Pb-Sn alloy layer containing Sn at a higher concentration than Sn contained in the positive electrode lattice on at least a part of the surface in contact with the active material of the positive electrode lattice.
- the positive electrode lattice and the positive electrode active material can be adhered to each other even when the Pb—Sb alloy layer containing Sb is included in at least a part of the surface in contact with the active material of the positive electrode lattice. And the life of the battery can be extended.
- a control valve portion is provided on the battery exterior for opening the valve according to the internal pressure of the battery and suppressing the inflow of oxygen from the outside of the battery to the inside of the battery when the valve is closed.
- a valve housing body including a bottom wall having an exhaust hole and a side wall provided around the bottom wall, and a valve arranged to cover the exhaust hole in the valve housing body And a control valve portion that is arranged on the valve body, and a part of the presser plate joined to the side wall is provided with a control valve portion. Since the thickness dimension of the liquid can be reduced, it is effective in reducing the size of the liquid stopper and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- a bottom wall having an exhaust hole, a side wall provided around the bottom wall, and a valve provided to protrude in the same direction as the protruding direction of the exhaust hole opening force and the side wall
- a control valve unit including a cylinder, a cap-shaped valve body mounted on the valve cylinder, and a presser plate that is disposed above the top surface of the cap-shaped valve body and a part of which is joined to the side wall. Structure Even if it is made, since the plate-shaped member is used as the valve body, the thickness dimension of the control valve portion can be reduced, which is effective for downsizing the liquid spigot and thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the valve body can be brought into close contact with the exhaust hole with a high elastic force by the presser plate.
- each lead-acid battery for achieving the first object has a configuration in which a porous filter having air permeability is disposed on the path between the vent hole and the control valve portion in the main body cylinder. Then, foreign matter such as dust and sand particles can be prevented from entering the control valve portion from the outside of the battery, and the valve opening operation of the control valve portion can be stabilized. In addition, even when a flame generated outside the battery or an oxygen / hydrogen gas around the exhaust hole is ignited, damage to the control valve due to the flaming flame can be suppressed by arranging a porous filter. .
- the porous filter has an explosion-proof / dust-proof function and a function of holding the press plate of the press plate. Since it can be exhibited by a single member, a cost reduction effect can be obtained by reducing the number of parts.
- the positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode lattice made of a Pb-Ca alloy
- the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode lattice made of a Pb-Ca alloy
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of a lead-acid battery that works according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a control valve portion applied to the lead storage battery of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an assembly diagram showing each component of the control valve unit.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a lead-acid battery according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a lead-acid battery according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a control valve portion having another configuration applicable to the lead storage battery of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a control valve portion of still another configuration applicable to the lead storage battery of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a lead-acid battery according to a fourth embodiment.
- Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a lead-acid battery according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a lead-acid battery according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a lead-acid battery according to a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a positive electrode plate in a lead storage battery according to a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of the liquid lead-acid battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the lead storage battery 10 which is effective in the first embodiment is equipped with a liquid plug 13 having a vent hole 12 for discharging gas inside the battery to the outside of the battery at a liquid port 11 provided on the battery exterior.
- the entire surface of the electrode plate surface of the positive electrode plate 16 and the electrode plate surface of the negative electrode plate 17 is the electrolyte 19 It has a structure immersed in In this lead storage battery 10, the main body cylinder 20 of the liquid stopper 13 is provided separately from the main body cylinder 20, and is provided at the other end from the exhaust hole 22 provided at one end according to the battery internal pressure. A control valve portion 21 that forms (opens) a ventilation path through the vent 28 is mounted. [0051] Since the control valve portion 21 is provided separately from the main body cylinder 20, the main body cylinder 20 can be shared with a liquid stopper that does not have the control valve portion 21. And since the exclusive main body cylinder is not required when manufacturing the liquid stopper provided with the control valve part, the manufacturing cost of the lead storage battery can be significantly reduced. Moreover, the burden of parts inventory management can be reduced.
- the lead acid battery 10 is a liquid type lead acid battery in which the positive and negative electrode plate surfaces are all immersed in the electrolytic solution 19, and oxygen gas generated in the positive electrode plate is absorbed by the negative electrode plate. Since the gas absorption reaction does not proceed, if the valve opening pressure of the control valve section 21 is set lower than the valve opening pressure (about 10kPa to 20kPa) of the control valve in the oxygen gas absorption type lead-acid battery Good.
- the control valve portion 21 is opened due to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery due to oxygen / hydrogen gas generated in the battery during overcharging, and the exhaust valve 22 provided at one end is provided at the other end.
- a ventilation path is formed in the vent 28. Oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are discharged from the inside of the battery c to the outside of the battery d through the control valve 21 and the vent hole 12.
- the control valve unit 21 is closed, and the electrolyte mist generated by gas generation during charging in the battery c or the electrolyte mist generated by vibration applied to the lead storage battery Is not easily released outside the battery.
- the gas inside the battery c mainly air
- the electrolyte solution 19 much moisture is dissolved in comparison with the outside air outside the battery d. Since the gas inside the battery c is not easily replaced with the outside air outside the battery d, it is possible to suppress the liquid reduction generated in the conventional liquid lead acid battery.
- the control valve portion 21 only needs to have a sealing property that can suppress the dissipation of water vapor or electrolyte mist inside the battery c to the outside d of the battery.
- the control valve unit 21 can be installed in the body cylinder 20 in various ways.
- the outer diameter of the control valve part 21 is set slightly larger than the inner diameter of the body cylinder 20, and the control valve part 21 is installed in the body cylinder. It can be press-fitted into the cylinder 20 for installation.
- the portion of the main body cylinder 20 and control valve section 21 that contacts the main body cylinder 20 has elasticity suitable for press-fitting, such as polypropylene resin or polyethylene resin. It should be made of synthetic resin material.
- a male screw is formed on the outer periphery of the control valve portion 21 and a female screw is formed on the inner periphery of the main body cylinder 20, and both are screwed together to mount the control valve section 21 in the main body cylinder. May be.
- the packing 2 for ensuring airtightness between the liquid stopper 13 and the lid 14 and preventing loosening can be used as appropriate.
- control valve unit 21 used in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section of the control valve portion 21, and FIG. 3 is an assembly view in which each component of the control valve portion 21 is in an exploded state.
- the control valve unit 21 is not limited to the first embodiment, but is also applied to second to sixth embodiments described later.
- the control valve unit 21 includes a bottom wall 23 having an exhaust hole 22, a side wall 24 provided around the bottom wall 23, and a valve housing body 25 that also has a force, and an exhaust hole 22 in the valve housing body 25. And a presser plate 27 which is disposed on the valve body 26 and a part of which is joined to the side wall 24.
- the valve body 26 has elasticity in the thickness direction, and the exhaust hole 22 and the valve body 26 surface are in close contact with each other by the presser plate 27. Further, a notch 27a for ventilation is provided in a part of the holding plate 27, and a ventilation hole 28 is provided.
- the valve body 26 is made of an acid-resistant material such as chloroprene rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, or EPDM rubber that has elasticity in the thickness direction. Further, since the valve body 26 as a whole has elasticity in the thickness direction, the entire valve body 26 can be made of these rubber materials.
- valve body 26 can be configured separately from the valve plate 26a and the elastic body 26b.
- the valve plate 26a and the elastic body 26b can be made of foamed rubber as the force elastic body 26b. In particular, closed foam rubber is preferable because the elastic force hardly decreases with time.
- the valve plate 26a may be made of an elastic material, such as a polyethylene sheet or a high hardness rubber plate, and an elastic material 26b made of foamed rubber or the like laminated thereon.
- the bottom wall 23 and the valve body 26 may stick to each other.
- a liquid lubricant such as silicon oil or fluorine oil is applied to these contact surfaces as necessary. To do.
- the side wall 24 and the presser plate 27 can be fixed by providing a fitting convex part 27b on the outer periphery of the presser plate 27 and a fitting concave part 25a on the side wall 24 and fitting them together.
- the side wall 24 and the presser plate 27 can be formed of a thermoplastic resin, and these can be fixed by heat welding.
- a through hole may be used as long as the vent hole is obtained.
- the through hole is blocked by a burr at the time of molding, and an inspection process to eliminate it In some cases, it is more convenient and preferable to use the notch 27a.
- control valve portion 21 uses a plate-like member as the valve body 26, so that the thickness dimension of the control valve portion 21 can be reduced. Effective for reduction.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of a liquid lead-acid battery 50 that is useful for the second embodiment.
- the same components as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only differences will be mainly described in detail.
- the porous filter 51 having air permeability is disposed on the path between the vent hole 12 and the control valve portion 21 in the main body cylinder 20 of the liquid stopper 13.
- the porous filter 51 can prevent foreign matters such as dust and sand particles from falling from the outside of the battery to the control valve portion 21, and can stabilize the valve opening operation of the control valve. In addition, if the flame or electric spark generated outside the battery ignites oxygen 'hydrogen gas existing around the exhaust hole 22, the flammable flame may reach the control valve unit 21 and damage the control valve unit. By arranging the porous filter 51, the arrival of the flaming flame to the control valve unit 21 is suppressed, and the control by the flaming flame is suppressed. Damage to the valve can be suppressed.
- the pore diameter of the porous filter 51 may be determined in consideration of clogging due to foreign matters such as dust and sand particles, the permeation suppressing effect of the flammable flame, and the permeation rate of oxygen 'hydrogen gas. Those having a diameter of several tens to several hundreds / zm can be used.
- alumina powder is polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, or powder of copolymer of these resins is sintered and water-repellent treatment is used if necessary. Can do.
- the size and shape of the porous filter 51 is a disk shape having the same diameter as the control valve portion 21.
- the porous filter 51 is mounted in the main body cylinder 20, and then the control valve portion 21 is placed in the main body cylinder 20. You just need to fix it.
- the control valve portion 21 functions as a fixing member that prevents the porous filter 51 from falling off from the main body cylinder 20, it is preferable that the porous filter need not be separately fixed. .
- the porous filter 51 can be strengthened and fixed on the above-described presser plate 27 by adhesion or welding.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the lead storage battery 70 that works according to the third embodiment.
- the same components as those in the above-described embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only differences will be mainly described in detail.
- the lead storage battery 70 according to the third embodiment is characterized in that a splash-proof plate 71 facing the exhaust hole 22 is arranged in the main body cylinder 20.
- the lead storage battery 70 according to the third embodiment unlike the control valve type lead storage battery that has almost no electrolyte solution that also releases the electrode plate group force, there is an electrolyte solution that immerses the entire electrode plate surface.
- the liquid level may fluctuate due to vibration applied to the battery, and the electrolyte may adhere to the control valve unit 21.
- the valve opening operation of the control valve unit 21 may be hindered. That is, the valve element 26 sticks to the bottom wall 23 due to the sulfuric acid content in the electrolytic solution, and the valve opening pressure becomes abnormally high and sticks.
- the splash-proof plate 71 is provided at the lower part of the control valve portion 21, while suppressing the adhesion of sulfuric acid to the control valve portion 21, It is preferable because sticking between the valve body 26 and the bottom wall 23 due to sulfuric acid in the liquid can be suppressed, and the valve opening pressure can be stabilized.
- the electrolyte mist is prevented from rising to the vicinity of the valve body 26, the electrolyte mist is prevented from escaping out of the battery when the valve is opened, and the amount of liquid reduction can be further reduced.
- the support 75 is provided from the base portion 74, and the splash-proof plate 71 is provided on the support 75. It is possible to use a configuration in which the splash-proof member is inserted into the main body cylinder 20 and fitted and locked between the base portion 74 and the inner wall of the main body cylinder 20.
- Such an inclined splash-proof plate inhibits the rise of the electrolytic solution and has an action of refluxing the raised electrolytic solution downward.
- the refluxed electrolytic solution is discharged from the liquid plug 13 through the opening 73.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which three pairs of inclined splashproof plates are arranged, the number of sheets can be increased or decreased as necessary.
- the splash-proof plate 71 close to the exhaust hole 22, it is possible to suppress liquid reduction due to dissipation of the electrolytic solution mist.
- the electrolytic droplet generated by the condensation of the electrolyte mist on the surface of the splash-proof plate 71 adheres to the exhaust hole 22, taking into consideration the growth of the droplet.
- the size of the droplets depends on the specific gravity of the electrolyte, the presence or absence of the additive (sodium sulfate) and its concentration, or the wettability of the surface of the splash-proof plate, which varies depending on the splash-proof material and its surface state. Appropriate separation distances are required based on prior assessment. Usually 0.5mn! ⁇ 1. Can be set at a distance of about Omm.
- control valve portion 21 and the main body cylinder 20 are configured as separate parts, the main body cylinder can be shared regardless of the presence or absence of the control valve structure. This can reduce the manufacturing cost of lead-acid batteries.
- control valve unit 41 applicable to the lead storage battery of the present invention and a further configuration of the control valve unit 61 will be described with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG.
- the control valve unit 41 and the control valve unit 61 can be applied not only to the first to third embodiments but also to fourth to sixth embodiments described later.
- the control valve portion 41 includes a bottom wall 43 having an exhaust hole 42, and side walls provided around the bottom wall 43. 44, a valve cylinder 45 protruding from the opening of the exhaust hole 42 in the same direction as the protruding direction of the side wall 44, a cap-shaped valve body 46 attached to the valve cylinder 45, and a cap-shaped valve body 46
- the presser plate 27 is arranged above the top surface, and a part thereof is joined to the side wall 44.
- the structure of the presser plate 27 can be the same as that of the control valve unit 21 described above. If necessary, apply a liquid lubricant such as silicon oil or fluorine oil to the contact surface between the cap-shaped valve body 46 and the valve cylinder 45 to suppress sticking.
- the control valve unit 41 using the cap-like valve body 46 does not use the elastic body 26b as used in the control valve unit 21 described above.
- the elastic body 26b is compressed for a long period of time, the repulsive force decreases, and the adhesion between the valve body 26 and the bottom wall 23 may rarely vary.
- the variation in adhesion and the variation in valve opening pressure due to this can be suppressed to be lower than that of the control valve unit 21 described above.
- the control valve portion 41 Since the thickness dimension of the control valve portion 41 tends to increase by the amount of formation of the valve cylinder 45 while the force is applied, the control valve portion is required when the thickness dimension of the control valve portion is to be further reduced. 21 configurations are preferred.
- the valve body is not limited to a plate-like body in the control valve section 21 or a cap-shaped body in the control valve section 41, and a valve body having another structure can also be used.
- the control valve unit 61 is characterized by using a porous filter 62 as a presser plate.
- the porous filter 62 has the explosion-proof and dust-proof function of the porous filter 51 in the second embodiment and the function of the holding plate 27 that holds the valve body, so the number of parts that need not be provided separately. This is a very favorable structure because it can achieve a significant cost reduction effect.
- the porous filter 62 the same one as the porous filter 51 described above can be used. Further, since the porous filter 62 itself has air permeability, it is not necessary to provide the notch 27a provided in the holding plate 27 for setting a ventilation path. In this case, the outside of the porous filter 62 acts as the vent hole 28.
- the effect of the invention exerted on the first to third embodiments is an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost by enabling the main body cylinder to be shared.
- the electrolyte mist is reduced.
- Control valve part 21 (41, 61) It has the effect of suppressing the dissipation of the electrolyte mist to the outside of the battery and further reducing the amount of liquid reduction.
- Example 1 explains the effect.
- a lead storage battery (55B24 type start lead storage battery in JIS D5301) of the comparative example and the present invention example shown below was prepared and used for vehicles, while applying vibration to the lead storage battery. The amount of liquid reduction when charging / discharging was evaluated.
- the battery A of the comparative example is a battery in which the control valve portion 21 is removed from the lead storage battery 10 of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
- the battery B of the comparative example is a battery in which the splash-proof plate 71 having the shape shown in FIG.
- the battery C of the present invention example is a lead storage battery according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
- the battery D of the present invention example is a lead storage battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
- Test temperature 75 ° C
- Vibration condition Up and down direction, sweep excitation (vibration frequency 5Hz ⁇ 40HzZ5min) acceleration 1G
- the batteries C and D of the examples of the present invention have a remarkable effect of suppressing the amount of liquid reduction compared to the batteries A and B of the comparative examples.
- the effect of the splash-proof plate 71 is more pronounced in the battery D of the present invention example than in the battery B of the comparative example, and by arranging both the splash-proof plate 71 and the control valve portion 21 (41, 61). A synergistic effect can be obtained.
- the amount of liquid reduction increases because the electrolyte mist and water vapor in the battery are relatively easily dissipated outside the battery due to vibration.
- the electrolyte mist and water vapor are prevented from escaping outside the battery by the control valve portion 21 (41, 61), and in particular, the splash-proof plate 71 is provided.
- the electrolyte mist adheres to the splash-proof plate 71 and forms dew and recirculates to the lower part of the battery, so that an extremely excellent liquid reduction suppressing effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of a control valve type lead storage battery 80 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and only differences will be mainly described in detail.
- Lead-acid battery The positive electrode plate 16, the negative electrode plate 17, and the separator 3 8 housed in the battery case 15 of the lead-acid battery 80 are impregnated with an electrolyte containing dilute sulfuric acid as a main component, and are generated on the positive electrode plate 16 during charging. In order to absorb the oxygen gas by the negative electrode plate 17, the negative electrode plate 17 has a structure exposed from the electrolyte solution.
- all of the electrolyte solution is positive electrode plate 16, negative electrode plate 17, and separator.
- the positive and negative bipolar plates and the separator plate are not held in the electrolyte solution 38.
- the separator 38 needs to be impregnated and held with an electrolytic solution, and is made of a fiber mat that can be impregnated and held with an electrolytic solution, such as a polypropylene resin fiber mat glass fiber mat.
- a fiber mat that can be impregnated and held with an electrolytic solution, such as a polypropylene resin fiber mat glass fiber mat.
- the fiber diameter used in conventional force-controlled valve-type lead-acid batteries is 0.
- LO m can be used.
- the lead storage battery 80 is provided in the main body cylinder 20 of the liquid stopper 13 separately from the main cylinder 20 and at one end according to the battery internal pressure, as in the above-described embodiment.
- a control valve portion 21 is mounted that forms (opens) a ventilation path from the exhaust hole 22 to a ventilation port 28 provided at the other end.
- control valve portion 21 is provided separately from the main body cylinder 20
- the main body cylinder 20 can be shared with a liquid stopper that does not have the control valve portion 21.
- a dedicated main body cylinder is not required, so that the manufacturing cost of the lead storage battery can be significantly reduced.
- the burden of parts inventory management can be reduced.
- the valve opening pressure of the control valve unit 21 is similar to that of the conventional control valve type lead-acid battery, in which oxygen gas generated in the positive electrode plate is absorbed by the negative electrode plate, and the exterior deformation due to the internal pressure of the battery occurs. It may be set within the range (about 10kPa to 20kPa).
- the oxygen gas generation rate at the positive electrode plate significantly exceeds the gas absorption rate at the negative electrode plate due to overcharge of large current, etc., and the internal pressure of the battery becomes the valve opening pressure of control valve unit 21.
- the control valve portion 21 When reaching, the control valve portion 21 is opened, and a ventilation path is formed from the exhaust hole 22 provided at one end to the vent port 28 provided at the other end portion. Oxygen gas / hydrogen gas passes through the control valve section 21 and the vent hole 12 from the inside of the battery c and is discharged outside the battery d.
- valve closing pressure of the control valve section 21 When the internal pressure of the battery decreases to the valve closing pressure of the control valve section 21 due to the release of oxygen gas' hydrogen gas, the valve is closed and the ventilation path is closed.
- This valve closing pressure is also set to a value not more than the valve opening pressure and at least exceeding OkPa, similar to that of the conventional control valve type lead battery.
- the mounting method of the control valve portion 21 in the main body cylinder 20 is set so that the outer diameter of the control valve portion 21 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the main body cylinder 20, as in the first to third embodiments.
- the control valve portion 21 can be fitted into the main body cylinder 20 by being press-fit.
- Main body cylinder 20 and control valve section 21 main body cylinder 20 The part in contact with the resin should be made of polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, and synthetic resin material with elasticity suitable for press-fitting.
- a male screw is formed on the outer periphery of the control valve portion 21 and a female screw is formed on the inner periphery of the main body cylinder 20. You may attach to. It should be noted that the packing 2 for securing the airtightness between the liquid stopper 13 and the lid 14 and preventing the looseness can be used as appropriate.
- control valve unit 21 described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 is applied to the lead storage battery 80 has been described.
- control valve unit 41 (see FIG. 6) described above has been described.
- control valve unit 61 (see FIG. 7) as appropriate.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a control valve type lead-acid battery 90 that is effective in the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and only differences will be mainly described in detail.
- the lead storage battery 90 is characterized in that a porous filter 51 having air permeability is disposed on the path between the vent hole 12 and the control valve portion 21 in the main body cylinder 20 of the liquid stopper 13.
- the control valve unit 21, the control valve unit 41, and the force that can be freely combined with the control valve unit 61 will be described below. Do it.
- the porous filter 51 can prevent foreign matter such as dust and sand particles from dropping from the outside of the battery to the control valve unit 21, and can stabilize the valve opening operation of the control valve. In addition, if the flame or electric spark generated outside the battery ignites oxygen 'hydrogen gas existing around the exhaust hole 22, the flammable flame may reach the control valve unit 21 and damage the control valve unit. By disposing the porous filter 51, the arrival of the flaming flame to the control valve portion 21 is suppressed, and the damage of the control valve portion due to the flaming flame can be suppressed.
- the pore diameter of the porous filter 51 may be determined in consideration of clogging due to foreign matters such as dust and sand particles, the permeation suppressing effect of the flammable flame, and the oxygen 'hydrogen gas permeation rate. Those having an average diameter of several tens to several hundreds of meters can be used. Also, as the material, alumina powder, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, or a copolymer powder of these resins can be sintered, and if necessary, water-repellent treatment can be used. . [0115] The size and shape of the porous filter 51 is a disk shape having substantially the same diameter as the control valve portion 21.
- the porous filter 51 is mounted in the main body cylinder 20, and then the control valve portion 21 is placed in the main body cylinder 20. You just need to fix it. In such a configuration, since the control valve portion 21 functions as a fixing member that prevents the porous filter 51 from falling off from the main body cylinder 20, it is preferable that the porous filter need not be separately fixed. .
- porous filter 51 can be strengthened and fixed on the presser plate 27 of the control valve portion 21 by adhesion or welding.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the lead storage battery 100 that works on the sixth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and only differences will be mainly described in detail.
- the lead storage battery 100 is characterized in that a splash-proof plate 71 facing the exhaust hole 22 is disposed in the main body cylinder 20 and has a free electrolyte 19 released from the positive electrode plate 16, the negative electrode plate 17, and the separator 38. .
- the control valve unit 21, the control valve unit 41, and the control valve unit 61 can be freely combined.
- FIG. 10 an example in which the control valve unit 21 is applied. Show.
- the positive electrode plate 16 and the negative electrode plate 17 are partly free from the electrolyte solution 19. It is immersed and the remaining part is exposed from the electrolyte 19.
- the oxygen gas absorption reaction proceeds in the portion of the negative electrode plate 17 exposed from the electrolytic solution 19.
- the control valve has excellent high-temperature durability and low-temperature discharge characteristics. A formula lead acid battery can be obtained.
- the liquid level may fluctuate due to vibrations held in the battery, and the electrolyte may adhere to the control valve portion 21.
- the valve opening operation of the control valve unit 21 may be hindered. That is, the valve element 26 sticks to the bottom wall 23 due to the sulfuric acid content in the electrolyte, and the valve opening pressure becomes abnormally high or sticks. Also, if the amount of attached electrolyte is large, the air tightness of the control valve may be reduced. [0122] In the configuration that works with the sixth embodiment while exerting force, as described in the third embodiment, by suppressing the adhesion of sulfuric acid to the control valve portion 21, This is preferable because it prevents sticking between the valve body 26 and the bottom wall 23 due to the sulfuric acid content and stabilizes the valve opening pressure. At the same time, the presence of the free electrolytic solution can achieve both high temperature durability and the effect of improving low temperature discharge characteristics.
- the effect of the invention exerted on the fourth to sixth embodiments is an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost by enabling the main body cylinder to be shared.
- high temperature durability and For the purpose of improving the low-temperature discharge characteristics, the adhesion of the electrolyte to the control valve part 21 (41, 61) and the variation in the valve pressure of the control valve due to the configuration with free electrolyte are remarkable. It has an effect of suppressing.
- a control valve type lead storage battery (55B24 start lead storage battery in JIS D5301) of the example of the present invention shown below was created and applied to a vehicle, while applying vibration to the lead storage battery. The battery was left after charge / discharge. Then, the valve opening pressure of the control valve in the initial state before the start of charging / discharging and the valve opening pressure of the control valve after being left standing were measured.
- the battery E of the example of the present invention is a lead storage battery 80 which is useful for the first embodiment.
- the battery F of the present invention example is a battery in which a splash-proof plate 71 having the shape shown in FIG.
- the lead storage battery 80 which is useful in the first embodiment, is replenished with an electrolytic solution, and In this configuration, the portion corresponding to 50% of the height dimension of the lower part of the electrode plate and the negative electrode plate is immersed in the free electrolyte.
- the battery H of the example of the present invention is the lead storage battery 100 useful for the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, and a portion corresponding to 50% of the height dimension of the positive electrode plate and the lower part of the negative electrode plate is immersed in the free electrolyte. It is a pickled composition.
- Each of the above test batteries does not have the porous filter 51, and after measuring the initial on-off valve pressure, charging and discharging during continuous excitation under the following conditions, The on-off valve pressure was measured after leaving the battery in a 60 ° C atmosphere for 7 days.
- Test temperature 75 ° C
- Vibration condition Up and down direction, sweep excitation (vibration frequency 5Hz ⁇ 40HzZ5min) acceleration 1G
- Charging / discharging conditions Discharging 25A X I min, charging 14.8VX 10 min (maximum charging current 25A) 480 charging / discharging cycles
- Table 2 shows the valve opening pressure measurement results and low-temperature high-rate discharge test results. For the low-temperature high-rate discharge test, it is shown as a percentage of the discharge duration of battery A.
- the battery G of the present invention and the battery H of the preferred embodiment of the present invention according to the sixth embodiment are different from those of the batteries E and F of the present invention. Due to its presence, the duration of low temperature and high rate discharge is significantly increased. In particular, in the battery H in which the splash-proof plate 71 is arranged, the variation in the valve opening pressure is suppressed to the same level as in the batteries E and F, and the variation is very small.
- the sixth embodiment is most preferred when a structure having a free electrolytic solution with particular emphasis on low-temperature, high-rate discharge characteristics is preferred.
- FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cell showing an example of the basic configuration of a lead storage battery 110 that is effective in the seventh embodiment.
- the positive electrode plate 16, the negative electrode plate 17, the positive electrode plate 16, and the negative electrode plate 17 A mat separator 104 disposed therebetween, and a positive strap (not shown) and a negative strap 1 for joining the same polarity ears of the positive plate 16 and the negative plate 17 are provided.
- positive plate 16 In addition, the negative electrode plate 17 includes a lattice body that does not contain Sb and has a Pb—Ca alloy strength in order to suppress a decrease in moisture in the electrolytic solution.
- the lead storage battery 110 that is effective in the seventh embodiment, in the initial state immediately before the start of battery use, at least the electrolyte solution 19 surface (line C in FIG. 11) is set above the upper surface of the negative electrode strap 1.
- the electrode plate surface of the negative electrode plate 17 is all immersed in the electrolyte.
- the characteristic configuration of the lead-acid battery 110 that contributes to the seventh embodiment has a function of impregnating and holding the electrolyte in the separator body, such as a polyethylene separator, which has been used in conventional liquid-type lead-acid batteries. This is because a mat-like separator 104 having a function of impregnating and holding the electrolytic solution was used instead of the separator having no electrolyte.
- the material of the mat separator 104 is a glass mat, polyethylene or polypropylene, which is conventionally used for a control valve type lead-acid battery, a fiber mat of acid-resistant polyolefin resin, or a fiber of polyester resin.
- a mat can be used.
- Polyethylene or polypropylene resin has a lower wettability with respect to the electrolyte solution than glass fiber, so that it can be subjected to a hydrophilic treatment such as sulfonating in consideration of its surface wettability.
- the lead-acid battery 110 has the same configuration as an ordinary liquid-type lead-acid battery with respect to the electrolyte surface at the beginning of use. This initial state of use is state 1.
- the electrolytic solution is gradually discharged through the vent hole 12 provided at the side of the battery case 111 or the lid 14 due to the electrolysis reaction of the water in the electrolytic solution by charging in the normal use process. It will decrease. If the electrolyte level decreases and the strap or electrode plate surface is exposed, the electrolyte will not be replenished in a normal liquid lead-acid battery, which may hinder performance or cause safety issues. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish water and return to the original liquid level.
- the electrolyte level 19 is replenished to the upper part of the electrode plate by the mat separator 104 even when the liquid level continues to decrease and the strap or the positive electrode plate 16 and the negative electrode plate 17 are exposed in the gas phase. So you can continue to use it.
- the state in which the electrode plate including the strap is exposed from the electrolyte 19 is referred to as state 2.
- state 2 the negative electrode gas absorption reaction similar to that of the control valve type lead-acid battery starts at the upper part of the electrode group exposed from the electrolytic solution 19, and the rate of the water electrolysis reaction gradually decreases compared to the state 1.
- the lead-acid battery 110 functions as a liquid-type lead-acid battery at the beginning of use (state 1), and when the electrolyte 19 decreases and the electrode plate is exposed from the electrolyte surface, the negative-electrode-absorbing lead-acid battery Demonstrate function (state 2). In addition, when switching from state 1 to state 2, the user does not need to perform any operation and is automatically performed on the battery side.
- the lead storage battery 110 according to the seventh embodiment can completely eliminate the need for water replenishment under a wider range of conditions over a longer period of time than the conventional liquid lead storage battery.
- the lead storage battery 110 basically has the same configuration as the liquid lead storage battery with respect to the electrolyte surface.
- the internal pressure of the battery is always the same as the atmospheric pressure, considering the pressure resistance of the battery case 111 and the lid 14 and their joints, as in the case of a negative electrode absorption lead-acid battery in which the internal pressure of the battery is reduced and pressurized, No special design considerations are required, such as the use of special high-strength grease, or the battery case 111 and lid 14 with a thicker wall thickness, which is equivalent to that of ordinary liquid lead-acid batteries. Design becomes possible. Therefore, the lead-acid battery 110 can use a lighter and cheaper battery case 111 and lid 14 compared with the conventional negative-electrode absorption control valve-type lead-acid battery, and the battery body can be manufactured at a lower price. Can be.
- control valve section 21 (41, 61) described above that secures a vent hole that makes the internal pressure equal to that of the outside or opens the valve at a relatively low internal pressure is provided for replenishment There is no need to provide a liquid stopper.
- replenishment liquid or replenishment water is required, for example, by tipping the lead storage battery 110 during transportation. You can also attach a liquid spout with a vent.
- the lead-acid battery 110 that works in the seventh embodiment does not require a conventional negative-electrode absorption control valve-type lead-acid battery or water replenishment! Compared to the liquid lead-acid battery provided, the design can be simplified and the cost can be easily reduced.
- the main use of the lead storage battery is for automobiles. Among them, when the lead storage battery 110 of the present embodiment is used for a so-called owner car that is owned by a general consumer, most of them are described above without rehydration. The state 1 is maintained and the battery life is considered to end.
- the battery that is frequently used is charged and discharged for a longer period compared to the owner vehicle, so the electrolyte level decreases and the negative electrode strap 1 or the negative electrode plate 17 may be exposed from the electrolyte 19.
- the lead storage battery 110 of the present embodiment shifts to the state 2, and the gas absorption reaction at the negative electrode starts.
- the negative electrode strap 1 is exposed from the electrolyte solution 19.
- a Pb-Sb alloy is used for the negative electrode strap 1
- the negative electrode strap 1 may corrode and cause a battery failure. Therefore, it is preferable to use a lead alloy containing no Sb, such as a Pb—Sn alloy. Sb is often included as an inevitable impurity in Pb alloys. In this case, it is preferable to limit the Sb concentration in the Pb alloy to a level that does not affect the corrosion of about 50 ppm or less.
- the lead-acid battery 110 is used frequently, so the charging period is long and oxygen gas flows into the battery external power battery.
- the time time when the vehicle is not used
- the time is very short. Therefore, the oxidation deterioration of the negative electrode plate due to oxygen flowing in from outside during standing, which would be a problem in a normal control valve type lead storage battery, hardly progressed, and it was found that almost no consideration was required.
- the control valve portion 21 (41) can suppress the ingress rate of external oxygen and release the internal pressure inside the battery instead of the vent hole 13. , 61) can also be added.
- the valve opening pressure of the control valve section 21 (41, 61) is preferably set lower than a value (10 kPa to 20 kPa) set by a conventional negative electrode absorption control valve type lead storage battery. This is because the valve opening pressure setting used in a normal control valve type lead-acid battery needs to consider the pressure resistance of the battery case 111 and the lid 14 and their joints due to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery.
- control valve portion 21 (41, 61) having a low valve opening pressure of less than lOkPa suppresses the dissipation of the electrolyte mist and vapor containing water in the electrolyte outside the battery. This is extremely effective in suppressing the decrease in the electrolyte 19.
- the internal pressure is less than lOkPa, it is not necessary to give much consideration to the deformation of the battery case 11 1 and the lid 14 due to the internal pressure. It is also effective in suppressing overflow of the electrolyte 19 due to overturning during transportation.
- the surface of the positive electrode grid 107 in contact with the positive electrode grid active material 108 is small.
- the surface layer 109 also has a Pb—Sn alloy containing a high concentration of Sn and a Pb—Sb alloy force contained in the positive electrode lattice. Sn contained in this surface layer 109 Alternatively, Sb can improve the adhesion between the positive electrode grid 107 and the positive electrode active material 108 and improve the battery life. In particular, when the positive electrode active material 108 tends to soften due to charge / discharge, the effect of prolonging the life can be remarkably obtained by the synergistic effect with the ability to hold the active material by the matte separator 104.
- Sn of about 1.0 to 2.0 mass% may be added to the positive electrode lattice 107.
- a Pb—Sn alloy is used as the surface layer 109, a Pb—Sn alloy having a concentration exceeding the Sn concentration contained in at least the positive electrode lattice base material is used.
- the application of a surface layer of Pb-Sn alloy with a Sn content lower than that contained in the lattice matrix is not preferable for obtaining an effect of improving the adhesion to the active material because the Sn concentration on the surface of the positive electrode lattice is lowered instead.
- the surface layer 109 may be a Pb—Sb—Sn alloy containing both Sn and Sb, and a remarkable effect can be obtained in improving the life.
- the batteries of the present invention examples shown below were prepared, and the 5-hour rate discharge capacity and life characteristics of each battery were evaluated.
- Electrolytic solution 19 was prepared by setting dilute sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.280 (converted to 20 ° C) to 25.0 mm above the upper surface of negative electrode strap 1.
- This battery is called battery I.
- the battery 111 using the battery I has a thickness of 2.0 mm for the side wall (short side) parallel to the electrode plate surface, and a thickness of 2 for the battery side wall (long side) perpendicular to the electrode plate surface. . 0 mm was used.
- the mass of this battery case 111 was 650 g.
- the lid 14 is provided with a control valve portion that opens according to the battery internal pressure.
- the control valve used was a structure with a rubber plate pressed into an exhaust hole, which is known in the past, and the valve opening pressure was set to 8 kPa by adjusting the pressure.
- An elastic sponge body is inserted on the rubber plate, and the sponge body is fixed with an upper lid. At this time, the pressing force can be adjusted according to the Young's modulus, thickness, and compression rate of the sponge body to be inserted.
- the battery of the example of the present invention is obtained by adjusting the valve opening pressure of the valve structure to 15 kPa in the above power.
- the surface layer 109 of Pb-5.0 mass% Sn alloy having a thickness of 0.20 mm is bonded to a part of the surface of the positive electrode grid 107 in contact with the positive electrode active material 108 in the battery I described above.
- the battery is attached to the lattice body.
- the Pb-5.0 mass% Sb alloy having a thickness of 0.20 mm is attached to a part of the surface of the positive electrode grid 107 in contact with the positive electrode active material 108 in the battery I described above. Battery.
- the battery M of the present invention is a battery using a Pb-3.0 mass% Sb alloy as used in a conventional liquid lead acid battery for the negative electrode strap in the battery I described above.
- the battery N of the comparative example is a battery using a sheet-like separator made of a microporous film mainly composed of polyethylene resin instead of the mat separator 104 used in the battery I of the present invention. [0174] (Battery O of comparative example)
- the battery O of the comparative example is a battery obtained by changing the battery case 111 and the lid 14 used in the battery I of the present invention.
- the battery case has a thicker side wall than the battery case 111 used in the batteries I to N described above.
- the lid was also formed with a thickened joint with the battery case.
- the thickness of the battery case side wall (short side surface) parallel to the electrode plate surface is 3.5 mm, and the battery case side wall (long side surface) perpendicular to the electrode plate surface is The thickness was 2.5 mm.
- the mass of this battery case is 850g.
- the battery case mass used for the batteries I to M of the example of the present invention is 650 g, and it can be seen that the mass is greatly increased by increasing the thickness as compared with the batteries I to M of the present invention.
- the lid is provided with a control valve section with a valve opening pressure of 15 kPa.
- the specific gravity of the electrolyte is 1.350 (converted to 20 ° C), and the amount of the electrolyte is such that it is impregnated in the separator and the active material of the positive and negative electrodes.
- a negative valve-absorbing control valve type lead-acid battery that does not have the electrolyte released from the plate group!
- the battery ⁇ ′ of the comparative example is a battery using the thinner and lighter battery case used in the battery I to the battery ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ as the battery case in the battery case of the comparative example.
- each battery was charged in a 75 ° C atmosphere at 14.8V constant voltage charge (maximum charge current 25A) 10 minutes 25.
- 300 A constant current discharge was performed for 30 seconds, and the voltage was measured at the discharge 30 seconds. This charge / discharge cycle and 300 A constant current discharge were repeated until the voltage at the discharge 30 seconds decreased to 7.2 V.
- each battery was charged and discharged for 25 cycles under the conditions of 14.8 V constant-voltage charge (maximum charge current 25 A) 120 minutes and 9.6 A constant-current discharge 60 minutes in a 40 ° C atmosphere. After leaving for 48 hours, a 300 A constant current discharge was performed for 30 seconds, and the voltage at the discharge 30 seconds was measured. This charge / discharge cycle and 300A constant current discharge were repeated until the voltage at the discharge 30 seconds dropped to 7.2V.
- Table 3 shows the results of the 5-hour rate discharge capacity, life test A and life test B described above.
- the battery I, battery J, battery [', battery K, battery L, battery L', and battery M of the present invention example were compared with the battery N of the comparative example, which is a conventional liquid lead acid battery. Therefore, the diffusion of the electrolyte 19 in the mat separator 104 is lower than that of the sheet separator, so the capacity is slightly reduced, but the reduction is about 3%, which satisfies the standard value and is acceptable. Only a slight decline.
- the battery case swells mainly due to the expansion of the electrode plate group based on the deformation of the positive electrode, and the electrode plate and the separator partially It was not in close contact and was in a floating state, and the life was extremely short.
- the electrode plate was exposed from the electrolyte at 3200 cycles. At the same time, the 30th second voltage of the discharge suddenly dropped, so the life test was completed.
- the electric valve in which the valve opening pressure is set to 15 kPa is compared with the electric current in which the valve opening pressure is set to 8 kPa.
- the battery life is slightly deformed at the end of its life.
- battery L and battery L ′ having an Sb-containing alloy layer on the surface of positive electrode grid 107 tend to slightly increase the amount of liquid reduction in the same cycle as compared to battery K and battery I. However, the lifetime characteristics were the best.
- the battery N of the comparative example shows a relatively good life characteristic in the life test B. Up to a temperature of about 40 ° C, the gas absorption reaction at the negative electrode functions effectively, and the electrode plate active material is also held by the glass mat separator, so it is considered that good life characteristics are obtained.
- the battery N of the comparative example which is a normal liquid lead-acid battery, has a function of holding the soft active material in the sheet-like separator, and therefore has reached the end of its life at 200 cycles.
- the batteries I to M of the inventive example all had a life superior to that of the comparative batteries ⁇ to 0 '.
- Pb—Sb alloy was present on the surface of the positive electrode grid 107! / ⁇ had the longest number of times of life in Battery L and Battery L ′ to which Pb—Sb—Sn alloy was applied, although the rate of liquid reduction was larger than other batteries.
- the battery O 'using a thin and light battery case has an extremely short life compared to other batteries.
- the batteries I to M of the present invention example it has excellent life characteristics, does not require rehydration, and is used for a conventional control valve type lead storage battery.
- a thin and light battery case similar to a liquid lead-acid battery can be used, so that a lead-acid battery can be provided at a lower cost.
- a liquid stopper equipped with a vent for discharging gas inside the battery to the outside of the battery is attached to the liquid port provided on the battery exterior of the lead-acid battery.
- a control valve portion which is provided separately from the main body cylinder and forms a ventilation path from the one end side to the other end according to the battery internal pressure. It is possible to share parts with or without a valve structure in the stopper, which is suitable for reducing the manufacturing cost of lead-acid batteries.
- a lead-acid battery having a configuration in which a positive electrode plate having a Pb—Ca alloy force, a positive electrode plate having a negative electrode lattice force and a negative electrode plate, and a mat separator are provided, and the negative electrode strap is entirely immersed in an electrolyte in the initial state. According to the above, it functions as a liquid lead-acid battery at the beginning of use, and the mat separator contains the required amount of electrolyte even when the electrolyte decreases due to electrical decomposition or the like.
- It functions as a negative-electrode-absorption control valve type lead-acid battery because it is immersed, and is suitable for realizing a lead-acid battery that exhibits excellent life characteristics over a wide range of conditions and does not require any water replenishment until the end of use.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06730023A EP1876661B1 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-03-27 | Lead-acid battery |
| US11/887,921 US20090061290A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-03-27 | Lead-Acid Rechargeable Battery |
| DE602006015453T DE602006015453D1 (de) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-03-27 | Bleibatterie |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005-109649 | 2005-04-06 | ||
| JP2005-109651 | 2005-04-06 | ||
| JP2005109649A JP4887648B2 (ja) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2005109650A JP4887649B2 (ja) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | 制御弁式鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2005109651A JP2006294292A (ja) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2005-109650 | 2005-04-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006109549A1 true WO2006109549A1 (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
Family
ID=37086831
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/306075 Ceased WO2006109549A1 (ja) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-03-27 | 鉛蓄電池 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090061290A1 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP1876661B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20080003784A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE602006015453D1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200640057A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006109549A1 (ja) |
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| WO2008124989A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-23 | Byd Company Limited | A safety valve for battery |
| US20110045325A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-02-24 | Seiji Anzai | Lead storage battery |
| JP2020017460A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| WO2020021910A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2020017461A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021009794A (ja) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-28 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 蓄電モジュール及び蓄電装置 |
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| CN118825435A (zh) * | 2024-06-24 | 2024-10-22 | 江西恒力电池科技有限公司 | 一种高功率铅酸蓄电池及其制备方法 |
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| US20110045325A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-02-24 | Seiji Anzai | Lead storage battery |
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| WO2020021910A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2020017461A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
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| JP2021009794A (ja) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-28 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 蓄電モジュール及び蓄電装置 |
| JP7189093B2 (ja) | 2019-07-01 | 2022-12-13 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 蓄電モジュール及び蓄電装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090061290A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
| EP2262046B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
| DE602006015453D1 (de) | 2010-08-26 |
| EP1876661B1 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
| EP1876661A1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
| EP2262046A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
| TW200640057A (en) | 2006-11-16 |
| KR20080003784A (ko) | 2008-01-08 |
| TWI371127B (ja) | 2012-08-21 |
| EP1876661A4 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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