WO2006131028A1 - Light tracking sensor and sunlight tracking system thereof - Google Patents

Light tracking sensor and sunlight tracking system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006131028A1
WO2006131028A1 PCT/CN2005/000932 CN2005000932W WO2006131028A1 WO 2006131028 A1 WO2006131028 A1 WO 2006131028A1 CN 2005000932 W CN2005000932 W CN 2005000932W WO 2006131028 A1 WO2006131028 A1 WO 2006131028A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical
unit
gap
tracking system
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2005/000932
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chengwei Wang
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from CNB200510034899XA external-priority patent/CN100416176C/zh
Priority claimed from CNB2005100350345A external-priority patent/CN100434861C/zh
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP2008515026A priority Critical patent/JP4742143B2/ja
Priority to ES05757228.1T priority patent/ES2307465T3/es
Priority to DE05757228T priority patent/DE05757228T1/de
Priority to HK08104211.7A priority patent/HK1109925B/zh
Priority to US11/921,691 priority patent/US8115151B2/en
Priority to EP05757228.1A priority patent/EP1901012B1/en
Publication of WO2006131028A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006131028A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7861—Solar tracking systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light sensing technology, and more particularly to a light tracking sensor which is small in size, high in sensing precision, and particularly suitable for sunlight tracking, and can be applied to various solar energy application devices based on the light tracking sensor.
  • Solar energy utilization is the development direction of human clean energy utilization in the future, and solar energy application products with different styles are constantly emerging. At present, the high-temperature utilization of solar energy is also affected by high cost, which hinders the popularity of solar energy applications. If the solar cell can dynamically track the sun's movement from time to time, it can at least double the power generation rate. For the reflective concentrating solar energy utilization, if it can align with the sunlight in time, more and more high-temperature heat sources can be generated.
  • the solar tracker of one of the prior art is composed of two optical gap devices which are separated from each other and are not parallel, and each of the light gap devices respectively includes an light entrance port and an light exit port, and the light exit port is provided.
  • the processor calculates the angle of the sunlight according to the amount of sunlight energy received by the two sensors.
  • the disadvantage is that it is bulky, costly, and difficult to process, and the solar energy is used in an open environment, so that it is externally used.
  • the influence of the environment is large. For example, if birds, insects, fallen leaves, rainwater, etc. fall into the optical port of one of the optical gap devices, the measurement accuracy will be affected. In practical solar applications, there are still many restrictions.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide an optical tracking sensor which is low in processing cost, easy to process, and high in measurement accuracy in view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art optical tracking sensor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar tracking system with high integration, fast response, low cost, and high precision for the defects of the prior art solar tracking system.
  • a first object of the present invention is achieved by: Configuring a light tracking sensor comprising two or more light gap devices, one end of each light gap device being a common single point microhole, The single-point micro-hole serves as an input port for directional light, and the other end of each optical gap device is a light-emitting port of directional light, respectively provided with a light-sensing unit, and each of the light-gap devices is a directional light-conducting device of a certain length.
  • the optical gap device is two, and the two optical gap devices are not parallel to each other on the same plane, and the directional light input port is the apex, and the two optical gap devices are fixed at an angle.
  • the angle between 0-180 degrees.
  • the optical gap device is three, and the plane formed by any two of the three optical gap devices is respectively in three different planes.
  • optical tracking sensor there are four optical slit devices, wherein two optical slit devices are on the same plane, and the other two optical slit devices are on the other plane.
  • the directional light-conducting device is a hollow tube structure having a hollow cross section of a circular or square shape or an elliptical shape, and the single-point microhole surrounding of the optical gap device is provided.
  • the light sensing unit and the optical gap device are mounted on a circuit board.
  • the plurality of light sensing units are respectively fixed at the ends of the respective optical gap devices as a whole.
  • a first object of the present invention is achieved by: constructing a solar tracking system using the above-described optical tracking sensor of the present invention, characterized in that the optical tracking sensor comprises two or more optical slits having a certain length
  • the device, one end of each optical gap device is a common single-point micro-hole, the single-point micro-hole serves as an input port for directional light, and the other end of each optical-gap device is a light-emitting port of directional light, respectively provided with a light-sensing unit
  • Each light gap device is a directional light-conducting device of a certain length, and further includes a differential processing unit that amplifies the light-sensing unit signal, and an A/D unit that performs analog-to-digital conversion on a signal output by the differential processing unit.
  • a microprocessor unit having an input port connected to the output end of the A/D unit, a drive unit having an input terminal connected to the output port of the microprocessor unit, and an execution unit driven by
  • the light gap devices are two, the two light gap devices are not parallel to each other on the same plane, and the directional light input port is the apex, and the two light gap devices form an angle fixed. The angle between 5-170 degrees.
  • the directional light guiding means in the optical gap device is a hollow tube structure having a hollow cross section of a circular shape or a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape.
  • the inner wall of the hollow tube structure of the optical slit device is provided with a light absorbing layer.
  • the single-point microhole circumference of the optical gap device A convex curved outer casing is disposed on the side, and the plurality of light gap devices are integrally formed integrally.
  • the light sensing unit and the optical gap device in the light sensing unit are installed in the same module combination as the differential processing unit, the A/D unit, the microprocessor unit, and the driving unit.
  • the plurality of light sensing units are respectively fixed at the ends of the respective light gap devices as a whole.
  • the output end of the driving unit is connected to a steering motor that controls steering, and the solar tracking system is mounted on a solar energy application device controlled by the steering motor to move with sunlight. on.
  • the output end of the driving unit is driven by a relay or a power driving mode to drive an action motor that adjusts the action of the solar energy application device, and the solar tracking system is mounted by the motion motor. Controls solar applications that move with the sun.
  • the driving unit includes a MOSFET driving circuit.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that since one end of each light gap device in the light tracking sensor is a common single-point micro hole, the structure of the whole device is simple and easy to process, and the light tracking sensor of the invention is provided with a spherical top falling water structure. , it is less affected by the external environment, improving its measurement accuracy. Since multiple light gap devices can be integrally formed by model, etching, and photolithography, the process can be greatly reduced, the volume is reduced, and the application is more convenient.
  • the invention is based on the solar tracking system of the sensor, wherein one end of the plurality of optical gap devices used by the light sensing unit is a common single-point micro-hole, and the surface around the micro-hole is a convex curved surface, so that the entire solar tracking system is more than the prior art.
  • the structure is simpler, the integration is better, and the software can achieve fast and accurate sunlight tracking, and the tracking accuracy is very good.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the external structure of the optical tracking sensor of the present invention and its solar tracking system.
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the optical gap device of the present invention. A schematic structural view of an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the optical gap device of the optical tracking sensor of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a third embodiment of the optical slit device of the optical tracking sensor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a logic block diagram of a solar tracking system of the present invention.
  • the optical tracking sensor of the invention is suitable for the slot type mirror concentrating solar heating system, and can also be applied to the dish type reflective high temperature concentrating solar system, and can also be applied to the solar photovoltaic power generation system.
  • a solar tracking system using the optical tracking sensor of the present invention includes two optical gap devices 101 and 102 having a length, and one end of each optical slit device is a common single-point micro-hole 103.
  • the single-point micro-hole 103 serves as an input port for directional light.
  • the other ends of the optical gap devices 101 and 102 are light-emitting openings 104 and 105 for directional light, and light-receiving elements 104 and 105 are respectively provided with light-receiving elements, for example, photodiodes.
  • the two optical aperture devices 101 and 102 are in the same plane.
  • Two lights are not parallel to each other; one end of the devices 101 and 102 is a common single-point micro-hole 103, as an entrance of directional light, the two optical gap devices 101 and 102 are fixed at an angle of 0-180 degrees.
  • the included angles, the other ends of the two optical gap devices 101 and 102 are light exits 104 and 105, respectively, which are directional light conducted through the two optical gaps.
  • the light gap devices 101 and 102 are directional light guiding devices of a certain length in which the empty cross section is circular or square or elliptical.
  • the plurality of light gap devices may be integrally formed.
  • the light sensing units 106 and 107 (not shown) disposed at the light exit ports 104 and 105 can be respectively fixed at the ends of the respective light gap devices, and the structure can be realized by photolithography or by combination. achieve.
  • the size of the input port 103 of the directional light entering the light gap device may be slightly smaller than the size of the light exit ports 104, 105.
  • a light absorbing layer may be provided on the optical transmission peripheral wall of the optical gap device to reduce the influence of the reflection or refraction of the peripheral wall on the light sensing element.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a second embodiment of the optical aperture device of the optical tracking sensor of the present invention
  • the optical aperture device used is three 202-204, wherein any two of the three optical aperture devices are formed
  • the planes are respectively in three different planes, and one end of the three light gap devices is a common single-point microhole 201, which serves as a common input port for the direction light entering the three light gaps 202-204.
  • the other ends of the three optical gap devices 202-204 are light exit ports 205-207 that enter the direction light of the three light gap devices, respectively.
  • the structure of this embodiment is more complicated than the structure of the former embodiment, but the measurement accuracy is higher than that of the former embodiment, but the calculation process is also complicated.
  • Three of the optical gap devices can also be disposed on the same plane.
  • the structure of this embodiment is relatively simple and small in size.
  • FIG. 4 In the top plan view of the second embodiment of the optical aperture device of the optical tracking sensor of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, four optical gap devices 302-305 are used, wherein two optical gap devices are identical On the other plane, the other two optical gap devices are on the same plane.
  • One of the four optical gap devices is a common single-point microhole 301 which serves as an input port for the light entering the direction of the four optical gap devices 302-305, and the other four optical gap devices 302-305
  • One end is a light exit port 306-309 that enters the direction of the light gap device.
  • the structure of this embodiment is relatively complicated, but the measurement accuracy is relatively high. Wherein, all the light gap devices may be disposed on the same plane or three of the light gap devices are disposed on the same plane. As shown in FIG.
  • the light sensing unit used includes two optical gap devices 101 and 102 having a certain length, each optical gap.
  • One end of the devices 101 and 102 is a common single-point micro-hole 103 as an input port for directional light.
  • the other ends of the optical gap devices 101 and 102 are the light-emitting ports 104 and 105 of the directional light, respectively, and the light-emitting ports 104 and 105 respectively.
  • the light sensing units 106 and 107 see Fig.
  • the light gap device can be packaged in the outer casing 108, except that the single-hole micro-hole 103 of the optical gap device is exposed to the top surface and the periphery thereof is provided.
  • the single-point micro-hole 103 of the input port can be disposed at any position of the convex curved outer casing, preferably not at the top end, so that falling leaves, rain dust, etc. do not easily fall into the input port 103 or Blocked on the input port 103.
  • the photosensitive element and the optical gap device can be mounted on a circuit board.
  • the solar tracking system is suitable for slot-type reflector concentrating solar heating systems, and can also be applied to dish-type reflective high-temperature concentrating solar systems, as well as solar photovoltaic systems and other solar systems.
  • the solar tracking system of the present invention comprises in principle two photo-sensing units 106 and 107, such as photodiodes, and two optical aperture devices. 101 and 102, as shown in Fig. 2, one end of the optical gap devices 101 and 102 is a a common single-point micro-hole 103, which enters the input port of each optical gap device as directional light, and the other ends of the two optical-gap devices are directional light exiting openings 104 and 105, respectively provided with a light sensing unit 106 and 107.
  • the electrical signals of the two light sensing units 106 and 107 are transmitted to the signal input end of the differential processing unit 109, and further include an A/D unit 110 for performing analog/digital conversion on the signal output from the differential processing unit 109, for the A/D.
  • the unit 110 outputs a signal to the microprocessor unit 111 for processing according to a certain algorithm, and further includes a driving unit 112 whose input terminal is connected to the output port of the microprocessor unit, wherein the output end of the driving unit 112 is used to drive the execution unit, and the execution unit may be an electric motor. .
  • the light sensing units 106, 107 and the optical gaps 101, 102 and the differential processing unit 109, the A/D unit 110, the microprocessor unit 111, and the driving unit 112 can be mounted in the same module combination.
  • the output end of the driving unit is connected with a steering motor for controlling steering, and the solar tracking system is installed on a solar energy application device controlled by the steering motor to move with sunlight.
  • the output end of the driving unit may be combined by a relay or a power driving module to drive an action motor that adjusts the action of the solar energy application device.
  • the solar tracking system is installed on the solar energy controlled by the action motor. Applied on the appliance.

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Description

光跟踪传感器以及基于该传感器的太阳光跟踪系统 技术领域
本发明涉及光传感技术， 更具体地说， 涉及一种体积小、 传感精度高、 特别适合太阳光跟踪的光跟踪传感器以及基于该光跟踪传感器的可应用于 各种太阳能应用器具中的体积小、 精度高、 反应及时的太阳光跟踪系统。 背景技术
太阳能利用是人类未来洁净能源利用的发展方向， 款式各异的太阳能 应用产品不断涌现。 目前太阳能高温利用还受高造价的影响， 阻碍了太阳 能应用的普及。 如果太阳能电池能够时时动态跟踪太阳移动， 可以至少提 高一倍的发电率； 对反光型聚光太阳能利用， 如果能够及时对准太阳光， 可产生更多更有价值的高温热源。 为实现太阳光的跟踪， 现有技术之一的 太阳能跟踪器由两个彼此分离且不平行的光隙装置组成， 每个光隙装置都 分别包括一个入光口和一个出光口， 出光口上设有传感器， 处理器根据两 个传感器收到的太阳光能量的大小计算出太阳光的角度， 其不足是体积大、 成本高、 加工难度高， 并且太阳能是在露天环境下使用， 使之受外部环境 的影响较大， 例如飞鸟、 昆虫、 落叶、 雨水等如果落在其中一个光隙装置 入光口中， 更会影响到其测量精度。 在实际的太阳能应用产品中还受到诸 多限制，利用，如太阳能接收元件如不考虑太阳光变化,以固定位置方向接收 太阳光，会造成太阳能利用率低下;如人工调节,则费事而且效率低;如用机器 来自动调节,则需要太阳光跟踪系统,但现有技术在这方面主要存在跟踪性 能和系统成本和体积方面,难以兼顾，跟踪系统的成本居高不下,跟踪精度和 快速响应方面也不理想，， 阻碍了太阳能应用的推广应用。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是， 针对现有技术光跟踪传感器的上述缺陷， 提 供一种加工成本低、 加工容易、 测量精度高的光跟踪传感器。
本发明的另一目的是针对现有技术太阳光跟踪系统存在的缺陷， 提供 一种集成度高、 响应快、 成本低、 精度高的太阳光跟踪系统。
本发明的第一个目的是这样实现的： 构造一种光跟踪传感器， 其特征 在于， 包括两个或两个以上的光隙装置， 各个光隙装置的一端是一个共同 的单点微孔， 所述单点微孔作为方向光的输入端口， 各光隙装置的另一端 是方向光的出光口， 分别设有光感单元， 每个光隙装置是一定长度的方向 光传导装置。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 所述光隙装置为两个， 两个光 隙装置在同一平面上彼此不平行， 以方向光输入端口为顶点， 两个光隙装 置构成角度固定在 0-180度之间的夹角。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 所述光隙装置为三个， 三个光 隙装置中任何两个构成的平面， 分别处于三个不同的平面。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 所述光隙装置的为四个， 其中 两个光隙装置同在一个平面上， 另两个光隙装置同在另一个平面上。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 所述方向光传导装置是中空截 面为圆形或方形或椭圆形的中空管结构， 所述光隙装置的单点微孔周边设 有凸曲面外壳， 所述多个光隙装置为一体化成型的整体。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 所述光感单元与光隙装置安装 在电路板上。
在上述按照本发明的光跟踪传感器中， 多个光感单元分别固定在各自 光隙装置的端部成一整体。
本发明的第一个目的是这样实现的： 构造一种使用本发明上述光跟 踪传感器的太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在于， 所述光跟踪传感器包括两个或 两个以上具有一定长度的光隙装置， 各个光隙装置的一端是一个共同的单 点微孔， 所述单点微孔作为方向光的输入端口， 各光隙装置的另一端是方 向光的出光口， 分别设有光感单元， 每个光隙装置是一定长度的方向光传 导装置,还包括将所述光感单元信号进行放大的差分处理单元、 对所述差分 处理单元输出的信号进行模 /数转换的 A/D单元、 有输入端口连接所述 A/D 单元输出端的微处理器单元、 输入端连接所述微处理器单元输出端口的驱 动单元以及由所述驱动单元输出端驱动的执行单元。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述光隙装置为两个， 两个光 隙装置在同一平面上彼此不平行， 以方向光输入端口为顶点， 两个光隙装 置构成角度固定在 5-170度之间的夹角。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述光隙装置中的方向光传 导装置是中空截面为圆形或多边形或椭圆形的中空管结构。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述光隙装置的中空管结构 的内壁设有吸光层。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述光隙装置的单点微孔周 边设有凸曲面外壳， 所述多个光隙装置为一体化成型的整体。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 光感单元中的光感单元及光 隙装置与差分处理单元、 A/D单元、 微处理器单元以及驱动单元安装在同 一模块组合内。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 多个光感单元分别固定在各自 光隙装置的端部成一整体。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述驱动单元的输出端连接 有控制转向的转向电动机， 所述太阳光跟踪系统安装在由所述转向电动机 控制随太阳光而动的太阳能应用器具上。 在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述驱动单元的输出端通过 继电器或功率驱动模 组合,驱动调整太阳能应用器具动作的动作电动机， 所述太阳光跟踪系统安装在由所述动作电动机控制随太阳光而动的太阳能 应用器具上。
在按照本发明的上述太阳光跟踪系统中， 所述驱动单元包括 MOSFET 驱动电路。
实施本发明的有益效果是， 由于光跟踪传感器中各个光隙装置的一端为 共同的单点微孔， 使得整个装置的结构简单、 加工容易， 并且本发明的光 跟踪传感器设有球形顶部落水结构， 使其受外部环境的影响小， 提高了其 测量精度。 由于多个光隙装置可以通过模型、 腐蚀、 光刻方式一体化成型， 可大大降低工艺， 减少体积， 更便于推广应用。 本发明基于该传感器的太 阳光跟踪系统， 由于光感单元采用的多个光隙装置的一端为共用单点微孔， 且微孔周围表面为凸曲面， 使得整个太阳光跟踪系统比现有技术结构更简 单、 集成性更好,配合软件可实现快速精确的太阳光跟踪， 并且跟踪精度很 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例， 对本发明作进一步说明， 附图中： 图 1是本发明的光跟踪传感器及其太阳光跟踪系统的外部结构示意图； 图 2是本发明的的光隙装置的一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图 3 是本发明的光跟踪传感器的光隙装置的第二种实施方式的结构示 意图；
图 4是本发明的光跟踪传感器的光隙装置的第三种实施方式的结构示 意图；
图 5是本发明的太阳光跟踪系统的逻辑框图； 具体实施方式 '
本发明的光跟踪传感 适用于槽型反光镜聚光太阳能加热系统， 也可 应用于碟型反光中高温聚光太阳能系统， 还可应用于太阳能光伏发电系统。 如图 1 所示， 使用本发明光跟踪传感器的太阳光跟踪系统， 包括两个具有 一定长度的光隙装置 101和 102，每个光隙装置的一端是一个共同的单点微 孔 103，所述单点微孔 103作为方向光的输入端口，光隙装置 101和 102的 另一端是方向光的出光口 104和 105，出光口上 104和 105上分别设有感光 元件， 例如， 光二极管等。
在图 2示出的本发明光跟踪传感器的光隙装置的一种实施方式的结构 示意图中， 采用的光隙装置为两个， 两个光隙装置 101和 102在同一平面 上彼此不平行，两个光 ;装置 101和 102的一端是一个共同的单点微孔 103， 作为方向光的入口，两个光隙装置 101和 102构成角度固定在 0-180度之间 的夹角， 两个光隙装置 101和 102的另一端是分别是经过两个光隙传导的 方向光的出光口 104和 105。此处，光隙装置 101和 102是一定长度的方向 光传导装置， 其中空截面为圆形或方形或椭圆形。 多个光隙装置可以为一 体化成型的整体。设置在出光口 104和 105的光感单元 106和 107 (图中未 示出） 可分别固定在各自光隙装置的端部成一整体， 这种结构可以通过光 刻方式实现， 也可通过组合方式实现。 进入光隙装置的方向光的输入端口 103的大小可以略小于出光口 104、 105的大小。 为减少方向光在光隙装置 中的传输误差， 在光隙装置光传输周壁可设有吸光层， 减少周壁的反射或 折射对光感元件的影响。
在图 3 示出本发明的光跟踪传感器的光隙装置的第二种实施方式的结 构示意图中， 采用的光隙装置为三个 202-204， 其中， 三个光隙装置中任何 两个构成的平面， 分别处于三个不同的平面， 三个光隙装置的一端是一个 共同的单点微孔 201， 该单点微孔 201作为进入三个光隙 202-204的方向光 的共同输入端口，三个光隙装置 202-204的另一端分别是进入三个光隙装置 方向光的出光口 205-207。这种实施方式的结构相比于前一种实施方式的结 构复杂， 但测量精度要比前一种实施方式的高， 但同时计算过程也复杂。 其中三个光隙装置还可以设置在同一平面， 这种实施方式的结构相对比较 简单， 体积小。
在图 4示出的本发明的光跟踪传感器的光隙装置的第二种实施方式的 俯视结构示意图中， 采用 4个光隙装置 302-305， 其中两个光隙装置同在一 个平面上， 另两个光隙装置同在另一个平面上。 其中四个光隙装置的一端 是一个共同的单点微孔 301，该单点微孔 301作为进入四个光隙装置 302-305 方向光的输入端口，四个光隙装置 302-305的另一端是进入光隙装置方向光 的出光口 306-309。这种实施方式的结构相对比较复杂，但测量精度比较高。 其中， 所有光隙装置还可以设置在同一平面上或将其中三个光隙装置设置 在同一平面。 ' 如图 1 所示， 在本发明的光跟踪传感器及其太阳光跟踪系统的一种实 施方式中， 采用的光感单元包括两个具有一定长度的光隙装置 101和 102， 每个光隙装置 101和 102的一端是一个共同的单点微孔 103，作为方向光的 输入端口，光隙装置 101和 102的另一端分别是方向光的出光口 104和 105， 出光口 104和 105上分别设有光感单元 106和 107 (见图 2)， 例如， 光二 极管等， 可以将光隙装置封装在外壳 108内， 只是将光隙装置单点微孔 103 暴露在顶面， 并使其周边设为凸曲面外壳， 输入端口的单点微孔 103可以 设置在凸曲面外壳的任意位置， 最好不要设置在顶端， 这样， 使得落叶、 雨水灰尘等就不容易落入到输入端口 103中或挡在输入端口 103上。 可将 感光元件与光隙装置安装在电路板上。 另外， 也可考虑在单点微孔 103表 面设置一层透光性好的防尘膜。 该太阳光跟踪系统适用于槽型反光镜聚光 太阳能加热系统， 也可以应用于碟型反光中高温聚光太阳能系统， 还可以 应用于太阳能光伏发电系统和其它太阳能系统。
在图 5示出的本发明太阳光跟踪系统的逻辑框图中， 可以看到本发明 的太阳光跟踪系统原理上包括 2个诸如光敏二极管之类的光感单元 106和 107， 2个光隙装置 101和 102， 如图 2， 光隙装置 101和 102的一端是一个 共同的单点微孔 103， 该单点微孔作为方向光进入各光隙装置的输入端口， 两个光隙装置另一端是方向光的出光口 104和 105， 分别设有光感单元 106 和 107,两个光感单元 106和 107的电信号传输到差分处理单元 109的信号 输入端， 还包括对差分处理单元 109输出的信号进行模 /数转换的 A/D单元 110，对 A/D单元 110输出信号按照一定算法进行处理的微处理器单元 111， 还包括输入端连接微处理器单元输出端口的驱动单元 112， 其中， 驱动单元 112输出端用于驱动执行单元， 执行单元可以是电动机。 为减小体积， 可以 将光感单元 106、 107及光隙 置 101、 102与差分处理单元 109、 A/D单元 110、 微处理器单元 111以及驱动单元 112安装在同一模块组合内。其中， 驱动单元的输出端连接有控制转向的转向电动机， 太阳光跟踪系统安装在 由转向电动机控制随太阳光而动的太阳能应用器具上。 也可以是， 所述驱 动单元的输出端通过继电器或功率驱动模块组合，驱动调整太阳能应用器具 动作的动作电动机， 所述太阳光跟踪系统安装在由所述动作电动机控制随 太阳光而动的太阳能应用器具上。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种光跟踪传感器，其特征在于，包括两个或两个以上的光隙装置， 各个光隙装置的一端是一个共同的单点微孔， 所述单点微孔作为方向光的 输入端口， 各个光隙装置的另一端是方向光的出光口， 分别设有光感单元， 每个光隙装置是一定长度的方向光传导装置。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装置为 两个， 两个光隙装置在同一平面上彼此不平行， 以方向光输入端口为顶点， 两个光隙装置构成角度固定在 0-180度之间的夹角。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装置为 三个， 三个光隙装置中任何两个构成的平面， 分别处于三个不同的平面。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装置的 为四个， 其中两个光隙装置同在一个平面上， 另两个光隙装置同在另一个 平面上。
5、 根据权利要求 1一 4中任何一项所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 所述方向光传导装置是中空截面为圆形或方形或椭圆形的中空管结构， 所 述光隙装置的单点微孔周边设有凸曲面外壳， 所述多个光隙装置为一体化 成型的整体。
6、 根据权利要求 1一 4中任何一项所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 所述光感单元与光隙装置安装在电路板上。
7、 根据权利要求 1一 4中任何一项所述光跟踪传感器， 其特征在于， 多个光感单元分别固定在各自光隙装置的端部成一整体。
8、 一种基于权利要求 1 所述光跟踪传感器的太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征 在于， 所述光跟踪传感器包括两个或两个以上的光隙装置， 各个光隙装置 的一端是一个共同的单点微孔， 所述单点微孔作为方向光的输入端口， 各 光隙装置的另一端是方向光的出光口， 分别设有光感单元， 每个光隙装置 是一定长度的方向光传导装置，还包括将所述光感单元信号进行放大的差分 处理单元、 对所述差分处理单元输出的信号进行模 /数转换的 A/D单元、 有 输入端口连接所述 A/D单元输出端的微处理器单元、 输入端连接所述微处 理器单元输出端口的驱动单元以及由所述驱动单元输出端驱动的执行单 元。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装置 为两个， 两个光隙装置在同一平面上彼此不平行， 以方向光输入端口为顶 点， 两个光隙装置构成角度固定在 5-170度之间的夹角。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装 置中的方向光传导装置是中空截面为圆形或多边形或椭圆形的中空管结 构。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在于， 所述光隙装 置的中空管结构的内壁设有吸光层。
12、根据权利要求 8-11中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统，其特征在于， 所述光隙装置的单点微孔周边设有凸曲面外壳， 所述多个光隙装置为一体 化成型的整体。
13、 根据权利要求 8— 11 中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在 于， 光感单元中的光感单元及光隙装置与差分处理单元、 A/D单元、 微处 理器单元以及驱动单元安装在同一模块组合内。
14、根据权利要求 8— 11中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统，其特征在于， 多个光感单元分别固定在各自光隙装置的端部成一整体。
15、 根据权利要求 8— 11 中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统，：其特征在 于， 所述驱动单元的输出端连接有控制转向的转向电动机， 所述太阳光跟 踪系统安装在由所述转向电动机控制随太阳光而动的太阳能应用器具上。
16、 根据权利要求 8— 11 中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在 于， 所述驱动单元的输出端通过继电器或功率驱动模块组合,驱动调整太阳 能应用器具动作的动作电动机， 所述太阳光跟踪系统安装在由所述动作电 动机控制随太阳光而动的太阳能应用器具上。
17、 根据权利要求 8— 11 中任何一项所述太阳光跟踪系统， 其特征在 于， 所述驱动单元包括 MOSFET驱动电路。
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US20090235920A1 (en) 2009-09-24
ES2307465T1 (es) 2008-12-01
DE05757228T1 (de) 2008-09-25
EP1901012A1 (en) 2008-03-19
JP2008545976A (ja) 2008-12-18
US8115151B2 (en) 2012-02-14
EP1901012A4 (en) 2011-03-30
JP4742143B2 (ja) 2011-08-10
HK1109925A1 (zh) 2008-06-27
EP1901012B1 (en) 2014-02-12

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