WO2007097136A1 - 熱電材料 - Google Patents
熱電材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007097136A1 WO2007097136A1 PCT/JP2007/050427 JP2007050427W WO2007097136A1 WO 2007097136 A1 WO2007097136 A1 WO 2007097136A1 JP 2007050427 W JP2007050427 W JP 2007050427W WO 2007097136 A1 WO2007097136 A1 WO 2007097136A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- less
- thermoelectric material
- thermoelectric
- iron alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/854—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising only metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoelectric material.
- thermoelectric power generation has attracted attention as a new energy conversion technology.
- This uses p-type thermoelectric materials and n-type thermoelectric materials to make use of the Seebeck effect that converts thermal energy into electrical energy due to the temperature difference between the materials.
- thermoelectric conversion performance of a thermoelectric material is expressed by the following equation using the Seebeck coefficient S, electrical resistivity p, and thermal conductivity ⁇ , which are factors specific to the material.
- thermoelectric conversion performance is called an output factor, and is one of the thermoelectric characteristics indicators that indicate the ease of electricity flow. Therefore, a material with high Seebeck coefficient, low electrical resistivity and low thermal conductivity is desirable to improve thermoelectric conversion performance.
- thermoelectric materials semiconductor sintered materials such as Bi-Te, Pb-Te, and Si-Ge are predominant.
- Co-Sb skutterdalts and layered oxides have been studied.
- Thermoelectric cooling technology using Bi-Te materials and utilizing the Peltier effect has been put into practical use as an electric refrigerator or temperature control device, but power generation technology utilizing the Seebeck effect is a problem of cost associated with the increase in size.
- thermoelectric semiconductors are p-type and n-type in Bi-Te materials, it is necessary to add B (boron) or Se (selenium). These Se, Te (tellurium) and Pb (lead) are harmful elements and are not preferable in terms of the global environment.
- B boron
- Se tellurium
- Pb lead
- the above elements and Ge are rare elements as resources, and the material cost is also a problem.
- Fe-V-A1 material focused on in the present invention has a slight shift in the Fermi level and a significant change in the sign of the Seebeck coefficient due to a slight change in the concentration of V (vanadium) in Fe2VAl. (Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 329 (2001 ) p. 63-68).
- Fe-V-Al-based materials are iron-based materials. Therefore, thermoelectric materials can be fabricated by adjusting the atomic concentration ratio to the desired composition.
- the Fe-V-A1-based material focused on in the present invention is a more regular Heusler L21 crystal structure by replacing Fe and V with V (vanadium) in Fe3Al having a D03 crystal structure. It changes to (Fe2VAl) and forms a sharp pseudogap in the Fermi level.
- Fe-V-Al-based materials proposed so far are those in which part of Fe in Fe2VAl is replaced with Mn or Cr (see Patent Document 1), and part of V is replaced with Ti or Mo (Patent Document) 2), a part of A1 (aluminum) is replaced with Si, Ge, or Sn (see Patent Document 2) to improve thermoelectric properties.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-197985
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2004-253618
- Non-Patent Document 1 Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 329 (2001) p. 63-68 Disclosure of the Invention
- Fe-V-A1-based materials maintain a high Seebeck coefficient even with a simple material composition with the addition of C (carbon), Si (silicon), and S (sulfur), similar to steel.
- C carbon
- Si silicon
- S sulfur
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a thermoelectric material having excellent thermoelectric characteristics, being environmentally friendly and low in cost and suitable for mass production. Means for solving the problem
- thermoelectric properties of the thermoelectric material can be improved by appropriately adjusting the compounding ratio of the iron alloy thermoelectric material. I found out that I can.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material according to the present invention is an iron alloy thermoelectric material mainly containing Fe, V and Al and having carbides dispersed in a matrix, [V concentration-C concentration] ] At 20at% or more and 32at% or less, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] at 20at% or more and 30at% or less.
- [V concentration C concentration] is the difference between V concentration and C concentration
- [A1 concentration + Si concentration] represents the sum of Al concentration and Si concentration.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material is a p-type iron alloy thermoelectric material in which the [V concentration C concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 25 at% or more and 30 at% or less. It is characterized by.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material is an n-type iron alloy thermoelectric material in which the [V concentration C concentration] is 25 at% or more and 32 at% or less, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%. It is characterized by.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material has a C concentration of more than Oat% and not more than 10at%, and a Si concentration of
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material is characterized in that the S concentration exceeds Oat% and is 0.5 at% or less.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material of the present invention has excellent thermoelectric properties, has a structure that does not use harmful and rare elements, and therefore can reduce the material cost. This makes it possible to simplify the process and improve productivity.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between (V—C) concentration and Seebeck coefficient.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between (V—C) concentration and electrical resistivity.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between (A1 + Si) concentration and Seebeck coefficient.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between (Al + Si) concentration and electrical resistivity.
- thermoelectric material of the present invention will be described.
- thermoelectric material a method for producing a thermoelectric material.
- pure iron, FeV (vanadium vane), and pure A1 (aluminum) are used as raw materials and melted in an argon gas atmosphere using a high-frequency induction heating furnace.
- a thermoelectric material was made by casting into a predetermined shape at ⁇ 1800 ° C and adding free material.
- thermoelectric material was produced by adding an element such as (sulfur yellow) that improves the forgeability.
- both the high Seebeck coefficient and the low electrical resistivity can be achieved only by adding these elements by narrowing the component concentration range.
- the forging method is not limited to the above, and other methods such as vacuum forging may be used.
- the Seebeck coefficient was measured using “ Z EM-1S” manufactured by ULVAC-RIKO.
- the electrical resistivity was measured by a direct current four-terminal method.
- Thermal conductivity was measured by a laser flash method.
- the present inventors made many compounding species for each element of the Fe—V—A1 system and the elements C, Si, and S added to the Fe—V—A1 system, and evaluated the thermoelectric characteristics. It was.
- thermoelectric material As a result, in the thermoelectric material according to the present embodiment, V-based carbides (V6C5, V8C7) are precipitated by the C-added soot, and the V concentration of the parent phase is lowered, which affects the thermoelectric power (Seebeck coefficient).
- V-based carbides V6C5, V8C7
- the V concentration of the parent phase is lowered, which affects the thermoelectric power (Seebeck coefficient).
- the thermoelectric power changes greatly depending on [A1 concentration + Si concentration]. Specifically, if the [V concentration – C concentration] is less than 20at% and exceeds 32at%, the Seebeck coefficient becomes extremely low. If the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is less than 20at% or more than 30at%, the Seebeck coefficient becomes extremely low.
- thermoelectric material it is preferable to adjust the [V concentration ⁇ C concentration] to be 20 at% or more and 32 at% or less and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] to be 20 at% or more and 30 at% or less. It is.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material of the present invention is an iron alloy thermoelectric material mainly containing Fe, V, and A1 and having carbides dispersed in a matrix, [V concentration-C concentration] ] At 20at% or more and 32at% or less, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] at 20at% or more and 30at% or less.
- the effect of addition of C is effective in improving forgeability and decreasing electrical resistivity by lowering the melting temperature (melting point).
- the amount of C added it is preferable to add about 2 at% or more in order to obtain a sufficient effect that the melting point can be lowered even when the required amount of addition due to the melting temperature is small. Further, an excessive additive generates coarse carbides, and the mechanical strength of the molded product is remarkably lowered. Therefore, an additive of 10 at% or less is preferable.
- the effect of addition of Si contributes to the improvement of thermoelectric properties (the total number of valence electrons of the alloy increases and the proportion of electrons in the carrier increases) and the effect of improving the fluidity of the melt.
- Excessive additive reduces the mechanical strength of the molded product, so an additive of up to 5 at% is preferred.
- the C concentration exceeds Oat% and 10at% or less, and the Si concentration force exceeds SOat% and 5at% or less, so that the forgeability is improved, the thermoelectric properties are improved, and the molten metal flows. It improved the sex.
- the effect of addition of S has the effect of improving the thermoelectric properties and improving the fluidity of the molten metal, similar to Si. Excessive loading force generates a large amount of sulfate and significantly lowers the mechanical strength of the molded article. Therefore, loading force of up to 0.5 at% is preferable. More preferably, it is set to 0.3 lat% or more and 0.5 at% or less.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material further improves the thermoelectric characteristics and allows the molten metal to flow by making the S concentration more than Oat% and not more than 0.5at%. You can improve your sex.
- thermoelectric material was prepared under each blending condition, and the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were measured.
- thermoelectric characteristics under each blending condition are explained based on Figs.
- Figure 1 shows the relationship between (V—C) concentration and Seebeck coefficient, with (V—C) concentration on the horizontal axis and the Seebeck coefficient on the vertical axis. It is a graph showing the relationship between (V-C) concentration and electrical resistivity, with (C) concentration taken and the vertical axis representing electrical resistivity.
- Figure 3 shows the relationship between (A1 + Si) concentration and Seebeck coefficient, with (A 1 + Si) concentration on the horizontal axis and Seebeck coefficient on the vertical axis, and Fig. 4 shows (Al + Si) on the horizontal axis. It is a diagram showing the relationship between (A1 + Si) concentration and electrical resistivity, with the concentration taken up) and the vertical axis representing electrical resistivity.
- the alloy according to the present invention is added with C, Si, and S equivalent to steel, and [V concentration-C concentration] is 20 to 24 at%, and By adjusting [A1 concentration + Si concentration] to 25 to 30 at%, a ⁇ -type iron alloy thermoelectric material with a high Seebeck coefficient of 60 ⁇ VZK or higher (maximum 84 ⁇ V / K) can be produced. In addition, by adjusting [V concentration-C concentration] to 25 to 32 at% and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] to 20 to 24 at%, 150 / z VZK or more (maximum 185 ⁇ V / K) An n-type iron alloy thermoelectric material having a high Seebeck coefficient can be produced.
- [V concentration—C concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 25 at%. More than 30at%. More preferably, [V concentration ⁇ C concentration] is 20 at% or more and 24 at% or less, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 25 at% or more and 29 at% or less.
- [V concentration-C concentration] is 25 at% or more and 32 at% or less, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%.
- [V concentration ⁇ C concentration] is 26 at% or more and 30 at% or less, and [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 21 at% or more and 24 at% or less.
- the electrical resistivity can be suppressed to about 2 to 6 / ⁇ ⁇ m, and excellent forgeability and high even with a simple alloy composition Output factor (high Seebeck coefficient and low electrical resistivity) is obtained.
- the thermal conductivity at this time is 10-17.
- WZmK, and the figure of merit Z is p-type + n-type, which is a maximum value of 4.4 X 10— 4K— 1.
- the [V concentration – C concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 25 at% or more and 30 at% or less. More preferably, the [V concentration ⁇ C concentration] is 20 at% or more and 24 at% or less, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 25 at% or more and 29 at% or less.
- the [V concentration – C concentration] is 25 at% or more and 32 at% or less, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 20 at% or more and less than 25 at%. More preferably, the [V concentration ⁇ C concentration] is 26 at% or more and 30 at% or less, and the [A1 concentration + Si concentration] is 21 at% or more and 24 at% or less.
- thermoelectric power can be obtained without adding many alloy elements.
- the material can be manufactured, and the design of the alloy becomes simple.
- a low electrical resistivity could be obtained while maintaining a high Seebeck coefficient, resulting in an improved output factor and excellent thermoelectric properties.
- thermoelectric material of the present invention can be used as a freezing material by forging, and high performance can be obtained without performing post heat treatment as in known materials. Therefore, it can be manufactured inexpensively in terms of materials and manufacturing, and leads to an increase in the size of a thermoelectric conversion module that is also mass-productive.
- the iron alloy thermoelectric material of the present invention has excellent thermoelectric properties, does not use harmful and rare elements, and can reduce the material cost due to its configuration, and it is a manufacturing process that is only free. This makes it possible to simplify the process and improve productivity.
- vanadium carbide is precipitated in the matrix by the addition of C to achieve a reduction in electrical resistivity.
- the method of adding vanadium carbide from the beginning at the time of blending the raw materials However, the same effect can be obtained.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800102662A CN101405880B (zh) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-01-15 | 热电材料 |
| US12/280,308 US7906044B2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-01-15 | Thermoelectric material |
| EP07706761.9A EP2006925B1 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-01-15 | Thermoelectric material |
| KR1020087023158A KR101051240B1 (ko) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-01-15 | 열전 재료 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006048462A JP4809691B2 (ja) | 2006-02-24 | 2006-02-24 | 鉄合金熱電材料 |
| JP2006-048462 | 2006-02-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007097136A1 true WO2007097136A1 (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
Family
ID=38437180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/050427 Ceased WO2007097136A1 (ja) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-01-15 | 熱電材料 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7906044B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2006925B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4809691B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101051240B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101405880B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007097136A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4937069B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱電変換材料およびこれを用いた熱電変換素子 |
| CN102383023B (zh) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-06-05 | 天津大学 | 硅锰铁合金热电材料的制备方法 |
| JP2014225655A (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-12-04 | 中部電力株式会社 | 熱電変換材料 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004119648A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Toshiba Corp | p型熱電変換材料及びそれを用いた熱電変換素子 |
| JP2004253618A (ja) * | 2003-02-20 | 2004-09-09 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | 熱電変換材料 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2528457A1 (de) * | 1975-06-26 | 1977-01-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Hochwarmfestes thermobimetall |
| WO2003019681A1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-06 | Nagoya Industrial Science Research Institute | Matiere de transduction thermoelectrique, procede de preparation de cette derniere et transducteur thermoelectrique |
| JP2004040068A (ja) * | 2001-08-31 | 2004-02-05 | Basf Ag | 熱電活性材料ならびにこれを含む熱変換器およびペルチェ装置 |
| JP3607249B2 (ja) | 2001-12-28 | 2005-01-05 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱電変換材料およびそれを用いた熱電変換素子 |
| JP2004119647A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Toshiba Corp | 熱電変換材料及びそれを用いた熱電変換素子 |
| JP4133894B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-26 | 2008-08-13 | 北川工業株式会社 | 熱電変換素子およびその製造方法 |
| JP4386799B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-30 | 2009-12-16 | 北川工業株式会社 | ヒートシンク |
| JP4745183B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱電変換材料とそれを用いた熱電変換モジュール |
-
2006
- 2006-02-24 JP JP2006048462A patent/JP4809691B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-15 KR KR1020087023158A patent/KR101051240B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-15 US US12/280,308 patent/US7906044B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-15 EP EP07706761.9A patent/EP2006925B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-01-15 CN CN2007800102662A patent/CN101405880B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-15 WO PCT/JP2007/050427 patent/WO2007097136A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004119648A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Toshiba Corp | p型熱電変換材料及びそれを用いた熱電変換素子 |
| JP2004253618A (ja) * | 2003-02-20 | 2004-09-09 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | 熱電変換材料 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP2006925A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7906044B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
| KR20080097476A (ko) | 2008-11-05 |
| JP4809691B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
| CN101405880B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
| EP2006925A9 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
| KR101051240B1 (ko) | 2011-07-21 |
| EP2006925A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| EP2006925B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
| EP2006925A4 (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| CN101405880A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
| JP2007227756A (ja) | 2007-09-06 |
| US20100230645A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
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