WO2007099457A2 - Projektionsvorrichtung zur holographischen rekonstruktion von szenen - Google Patents
Projektionsvorrichtung zur holographischen rekonstruktion von szenen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007099457A2 WO2007099457A2 PCT/IB2007/001476 IB2007001476W WO2007099457A2 WO 2007099457 A2 WO2007099457 A2 WO 2007099457A2 IB 2007001476 W IB2007001476 W IB 2007001476W WO 2007099457 A2 WO2007099457 A2 WO 2007099457A2
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- light
- light modulation
- observer
- wavefront
- scene
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2294—Addressing the hologram to an active spatial light modulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
- G03H2001/221—Element having optical power, e.g. field lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2286—Particular reconstruction light ; Beam properties
- G03H2001/2292—Using scanning means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2225/00—Active addressable light modulator
- G03H2225/10—Shape or geometry
- G03H2225/11—1D SLM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2225/00—Active addressable light modulator
- G03H2225/10—Shape or geometry
- G03H2225/12—2D SLM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2226/00—Electro-optic or electronic components relating to digital holography
- G03H2226/05—Means for tracking the observer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a projection device for holographic reconstruction of scenes with at least one light modulation device and with at least one light source with sufficiently coherent light for generating a wavefront of a scene coded in the light modulation device. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for holographic reconstruction of scenes.
- Holography enables the recording and optical reproduction of three-dimensional objects with wave-optical methods.
- the reconstruction of the holographic image often called reconstruction, by means of a projection device and depending on the hologram type by illuminating the support medium with sufficiently coherent light.
- the hologram can be a real or computer-generated hologram (CGH).
- the consideration of the reconstruction is done directly by the viewer z.
- look at the computer generated hologram which consists of regularly arranged pixels coded according to the hologram values. Due to the discrete recording, the reconstruction of the CGH is possible only by diffraction within a periodicity interval given by the resolution of the CGH-bearing medium. In the adjacent periodicity intervals, the reconstruction is repeated, usually with disturbances.
- a projection device with a one-dimensional light modulator for displaying a reconstructed known three-dimensional scene The light modulator is an acousto-optic modulator and is controlled by modulation signals from a data processing system, thereby encoding a one-dimensional hologram.
- the reconstruction is reduced by means of individual optical elements in order to increase the observer angle in the horizontal direction.
- a horizontal scanner continuously adds sub-holograms of the scene and equalizes the movement of the sub-holograms along the modulator.
- the horizontal scanner is synchronized with the speed of the acoustic wave so that the sampled areas of the output image from the modulator appear fixed in the reconstructed scene.
- a vertical scanner is provided to position the horizontal one-dimensional holograms in the vertical direction.
- a disadvantage of this projection device is the need for additional elements such as the horizontal scanner to compensate for the signal movement due to the use of an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). This creates a very complex construction. Another disadvantage would be the low aperture of the AOM, which requires a string of sub-holograms.
- Hologram is intended for an eye of an observer.
- Light modulators and the viewer are arranged a lens element and a rotating mirror element.
- the three-dimensional scene arises in the area or on the rotating mirror element.
- this motion is detected with a position sensing system and the rotating mirror element is rotated about its horizontal or vertical axis in accordance with the observer's new eye position.
- the view of the three-dimensional scene is displayed according to the new position of the observer on the holograms.
- the rotating mirror element serves as a screen in this projection device and, at the same time, the tracking of the observer window takes place, the representation of the three-dimensional scene is limited by the extent of the element.
- the movement of the rotating mirror element can distort the representation of the reconstructed scene, that is to say that the reconstructed scene appears differently from different viewing directions. The viewing of the reconstructed scene is therefore uncomfortable for the viewer.
- the reconstructed scene is limited by the relatively small size of the two light modulators.
- Patent Abstracts of Japan 09138631 describes a holographic device for displaying a moving three-dimensional scene, wherein an observation distance from an observer to the scene is to be kept small.
- the device comprises a light source, a light modulator, imaging elements for imaging the light, and a field lens located near the location of the reconstructed scene. Since here too the field lens serves as a screen, the three-dimensional scene is limited by the extent of the field lens.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device and a method for the holographic reconstruction of scenes, which eliminates the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and two- or three-dimensional scenes with high image quality, even with movement of one or more observers represented can be, with a simple and inexpensive construction of the projection device is provided.
- the object is solved by imaging means for mapping a Fourier transform of the light modulated by the light modulator light of the light source on a screen and for mapping the encoded on the light modulation wavefront in at least one virtual viewer window a viewer plane, wherein for tracking the viewer window corresponding to a change of a Eye position of at least one observer at least one deflection means between the light modulation device and the screen is included.
- the projection device contains at least one light modulation device, which is illuminated by a lighting device with a sufficiently coherent light source.
- the light modulation device is advantageousously, a spatial light modulator, in particular a phase modulator.
- the Fourier transform of the light modulated by the light modulation means of the light source is by means of imaging means, in particular lenses and / or mirrors, on an optical element serving as a screen and the encoded on the light modulation wavefront in a virtual viewer window a viewer plane, from which one or several viewers can observe a reconstructed two- or three-dimensional scene, pictured.
- Virtual viewer window here means that this is not present in reality.
- the observer window is then tracked with at least one deflection means when the observer (s) moves in accordance with his / her new eye position (s).
- the deflection means is arranged within the projection device, namely between the light modulation device and the screen.
- Such deflection means may be mechanical, electrical, magnetic or even optical elements, such as acousto-optic elements.
- a holographic projection device by means of which a two- or three-dimensional scene with high image quality can be reconstructed simply and quickly and a tracking of the observer window is made possible.
- Viewer window is disposed within the projection device, this is not sensitive to external influences. Furthermore, the light modulation device used is advantageously an extended spatial one
- Light modulator and no limited modulator e.g. an acousto-optic modulator, which can avoid additional elements such as a horizontal scanner from US 5,172,251 and their arrangement in the projection device. This makes a simple and compact design possible.
- the magnification and the size of the screen are selected so that the periodic continuation of the diffraction orders of the Fourier transform is present outside the screen.
- the advantage then is that the periodic continuation of the diffraction orders is shifted to the outside of the screen and so on the screen only one period is displayed. This means that a viewer does not perceive the periodic repetition of the reconstruction in the diffraction orders. This increases the quality of reproduction compared to conventional devices.
- the light modulation device is a one-dimensional light modulation device, wherein a deflection element is provided for generating a two-dimensional wavefront for a reconstructed scene, which realizes an optical deflection in the direction perpendicular to the one-dimensional light modulation device.
- the projection device may comprise a deflection element, advantageously a galvanometer scanner (mirror galvanometer) or a polygon mirror for the rapid deflection of a light beam for generating a two-dimensional wavefront for displaying a reconstructed scene.
- a deflection element advantageously a galvanometer scanner (mirror galvanometer) or a polygon mirror for the rapid deflection of a light beam for generating a two-dimensional wavefront for displaying a reconstructed scene.
- the wavefronts of the columns or rows, depending on whether the one-dimensional light modulation device is arranged vertically or horizontally, are thereby lined up by means of the deflection element as a result of each other.
- a position detection system for determining changes in an observer's eye position in the observer plane may be included in observing the reconstructed scene.
- the position sensing system tracks changes in the observer's eye position as well as multiple observers while observing the reconstructed scene and encodes the scene according to the viewer's eye position. This is particularly advantageous in order to update the position and / or the content of the reconstructed scene when the eye position changes. Then the viewer window can be tracked according to the new position of the eyes.
- at least one beam splitter element between the deflection and the light modulation device is arranged, wherein when using a two-dimensional binary light modulation device, the beam splitter element for a colored reconstruction of a scene and another beam splitter element for duplication emerging from the light modulation device Wavefront is included.
- At least one beam splitter element disposed in the projection apparatus may be used when using a one-dimensional or two-dimensional
- Light modulation device for a colored reconstruction of the scene can be used.
- another can be used in addition to the beam splitter element for the colored reconstruction
- Beam splitter element are provided, which duplicates an emerging from the light modulation device wavefront. This additional
- Beam splitter element may for example be a grating or a diffractive optical
- DOE Be element
- the object according to the invention is further achieved by a method for the holographic reconstruction of scenes, wherein a Fourier transform of the light modulated by the light modulation device light of the light source as a
- Screen serving optical element is mapped, wherein at least the optical element images the coded wavefront in at least one virtual observer window of a viewer plane, and wherein at least one deflection means tracks the viewer window after changing an eye position of at least one observer in the observer plane.
- light of a lighting device which emits sufficiently coherent light is directed onto at least one light modulation device.
- the Fourier transform of the light modulated by the light modulator light of the illumination device on an optical element, in particular a screen, advantageously a mirror is displayed.
- the in the The light modulator coded wavefront is then imaged by means of the screen into a viewer window of a viewer plane through which a viewer can observe the reconstructed scene, advantageously three-dimensionally.
- the observer window is then tracked when changing an eye position of at least one observer by means of a deflection means in the observer plane.
- the advantage of the method according to the invention is that the reconstructed two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional scene can be displayed in a large reconstruction area with a high image quality. Furthermore, the method allows a movement of the viewer in the observer level, so that the reconstructed scene can not be observed only at a fixed location in front of the screen. Thus, it is possible with the inventive method to represent a reconstructed extended three-dimensional scene with real depth representation instead of a depth representation of a known autostereoscopic display with parallax images at least one viewer even with a change of position. By directly modeling the wavefront, the computational transformation falls away into a hologram. In addition, only a Fresnel transformation of the object into the viewer window is necessary for a calculation of the modulated wavefront, and not an additional Fourier transformation of the object wavefront into the hologram, as is the case with projection devices known in the prior art.
- the reconstructed scene is reconstructed in the zeroth order of diffraction. This is particularly advantageous since in the zeroth diffraction order the brightness is greatest.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a holographic projection device according to the invention with a one-dimensional
- Light modulation device for the reconstruction of three-dimensional scenes in plan view
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the projection device shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention
- Projection device for at least two viewers of a reconstructed scene in plan view
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of an inventive
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an inventive
- FIG. 6 shows a simplified embodiment of the projection device according to the invention according to FIG. 5 in plan view
- FIG. 7 shows a further possibility of the embodiment of the projection device according to FIG. 5 in plan view
- FIG. 1 shows a holographic projection device 1 shown in principle for the reconstruction of two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional scenes in plan view.
- the basic structure of the holographic projection device 1 will first be described below.
- the projection device 1 has a light modulation device 2, here a phase modulator, which modulates an incident wavefront.
- the light modulation device 2 is a one-dimensional
- Light modulation device which is arranged vertically here. It can of course be arranged horizontally.
- the light modulation device 2 is illuminated by a lighting device 3 with a light source 4, which emits sufficiently coherent light and represents a line light source. Under sufficiently coherent light here light is understood, which is capable of interfering with the holographic representation of a three-dimensional scene.
- a light source 4 of the illumination device laser diodes, DPSS lasers (diode pumped solid-state lasers) or other lasers can be used. Even light sources with sufficient coherence can be used. However, such light sources should be filtered to achieve a required degree of coherence.
- the holographic projection apparatus 1 further contains imaging means, in particular an optical system 5.
- This optical system 5 has, as the simplest system, an imaging means 6 and an optical element 7 serving as a screen.
- the optical element 7 is referred to below as a screen.
- the optical system 5 can also have further optical elements, as can be seen and described, for example, in the following explanations.
- the screen 7 is advantageously designed as a mirror, in particular as a concave mirror.
- the screen 7 may also be another imaging optical element, such as a lens, as shown here. If the screen 7 is a concave mirror, there is the advantage that the extent of the optical structure of the holographic projection device 1 is substantially reduced compared to a lens-only transmissive device.
- the imaging means 6 is also designed as a mirror or lens.
- a wave W emanating from the light source 4 and assumed to be the same applies to the light modulation device 2 and is modulated in such a way that the wave front of the plane wave W is coded at equidistant locations in the light modulation device 2 to form a desired wavefront 8.
- This wavefront 8 becomes a reconstruction a two- / three-dimensional scene through lens elements 13 and 14 on a deflector 9 shown.
- Such a deflection element 9 may be a galvanometer scanner, a piezo scanner, a resonance scanner, a micromirror arrangement, a polygon mirror or a similar device, such as acousto-optical, electro-optical or even magnetic device.
- the deflection element 9 effects an optical deflection of the wavefront 8 in the direction perpendicular to the light modulation device 2 in order to form or generate a two-dimensional wavefront 10.
- the two-dimensional wavefront 10 is formed by the deflection of a series of parallel one-dimensional wavefronts 10 ', 10 "and 10'" and so on.
- the optical system 5 then images the two-dimensional wavefront 10 into a viewer's virtual window 11 of a viewer plane 12 in which an eye of a viewer is to observe the reconstructed scene.
- the sufficiently coherent light of the light source 4 is simultaneously imaged on the screen 7.
- a Fourier transform FT of the information coded in the wavefront arises.
- the imaging means 6 of the optical system 5 then images the Fourier transform FT onto a plane 15 on the screen 7.
- the reconstructed scene may then be viewed by the viewer in an enlarged reconstruction area 16 which is frusto-conical between the viewer window 11 and the screen 7.
- the reconstructed scene can arise before, on or behind the screen 7.
- the reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene takes place in the zeroth order of diffraction. This is particularly advantageous because in the zeroth diffraction order the brightness or the intensity of the light is greatest.
- the deflection element 9 directly into the light modulation device 2. This means that the light modulation device 2 is moved to produce the two-dimensional wavefront 10 as a whole system. The lens elements 13 and 14 can be omitted in this case. The light modulation device 2 is then arranged in the region of the deflection element 9, that is to say in the object-side focal plane of the imaging means 6. A beam splitter element 22 for color reconstruction of the scene can therefore intervene, for example the Uchtmodulations owned 2 and the imaging means 6 are positioned. In this way, the holographic projection apparatus 1 can be made more compact in overall construction.
- the lens elements 13 and 14 can nevertheless be arranged in the beam path of the holographic projection device 1.
- the lens elements 13 and 14 have, as can be seen here at the individual focal lengths, the same refractive power to reduce aberrations.
- the lens elements 13 and 14 may also have different refractive powers or focal lengths in order to change or optimize the size of the one-dimensional wavefront 8 on the deflection element 9.
- the lens elements 13 and 14 have a further advantage in this case. They then ensure that the wavefront 8 emanating from the light modulation device 2 is imaged onto the deflection element 9 for generating the two-dimensional wavefront 10.
- an afocal system represented by the lens elements 13 and 14, can be used for imaging the wavefront 8 onto the deflection element 9.
- the Fourier transform FT of the wavefront 8 is formed.
- the Fourier transform FT is imaged on the screen 7.
- the deflection element 9 can also be arranged between the light source 4 and the light modulation device 2. This has the advantage that errors in the coding of the two-dimensional wavefront 10 are thereby largely prevented or reduced, since the incident on the light modulation device 2 planar wavefront W is not encoded.
- the projection device 1 shown here also has a position detection system 17 for determining an eye position of an observer in the observer plane 12.
- the position detection system 17 may be, for example, a camera.
- a deflection means 18 is arranged between the imaging means 6 and the screen 7, in particular in the image-side focal plane of the imaging means 6.
- the deflection means 18 is individually controllable and advantageously designed as a mirror.
- the deflection means 18 may be, for example, a galvanometer scanner.
- the deflector 18 may deflect horizontally or vertically in at least one of the directions. That is, the deflection means 18 in one-dimensional design, either only horizontally or only vertically, the observer window 11 tracks. In a two-dimensional embodiment of the deflection means 18, the viewer window 11 can be tracked in both directions, horizontal and vertical.
- the deflection means 18 can be designed as an xy galvanometer scanner, or it is also possible to use two successively arranged galvanometer scanners, one for a horizontal and one for a vertical tracking.
- the deflection element 9 must be synchronized with the deflection means 18 for tracking the observer window 11.
- a second imaging means 19 connected downstream of the deflection means 18 in the light direction is provided.
- the second imaging means 19 may be implemented as a lens system as well as a lens system for reducing imaging aberrations. If no second imaging means 19 is provided, then the imaging means 6 must be formed as a lens or lens system.
- the wavefront W emitted by the light source 4 hits the light modulation device 2 for modulation, whereby the wavefront W is modulated. Thereafter, the modulated wavefront 8 passes through the lens elements 13 and 14 and is imaged by them onto the deflection element 9. At the same time, by means of the lens element 13, the Fourier transform FT of the wavefront 8 is formed in the image-side focal plane of the lens element 13. After the formation of the two-dimensional wavefront 10, it passes through the imaging device 6 and hits the deflection means 18. When the observer moves in the observer plane 12 can be detected via the position detection system 17 this movement.
- the deflection means 18 can then be controlled with the position detection system 17.
- an image of the two-dimensional wavefront 10 is formed in a focal plane 20 of the second imaging means 19
- Two-dimensional image in the focal plane 20 is then imaged via the screen 7 in the viewer window 11.
- the image of the Fourier transform FT is formed in a image-side focal plane 21 of the imaging means 6.
- the second imaging means 19 then maps the mapping of the Fourier transform FT onto the screen 7.
- the above-described holographic projection apparatus 1 has been shown and described only for an eye of an observer. For a pair of eyes of the observer, it is useful to provide a second light modulation device 2.
- the optical elements of the existing holographic projection device 1 can still be used. If the observer is now in the observer plane 12 and looks through the observer window 11, he can observe the reconstructed three-dimensional scene in the reconstruction area 16, the reconstructed three-dimensional scene being created in front of, on or behind the screen 7.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene is also possible with the holographic projection apparatus 1.
- a beam splitter element 22, in particular a prism block is provided in the beam direction in front of the imaging means 6.
- the beam splitter element 22, which is advantageously designed here as an X prism with dichroic layers, splits red, green and blue light into three separate wavefronts or adds them together to form a common modulated wavefront. It is of course also possible to use another beam splitter element for color reconstruction.
- the color reconstruction of the scene takes place simultaneously in the three basic colors RGB (red-green-blue).
- the beam splitter element 22 is arranged in this embodiment between the lens elements 13 and 14, wherein it may of course also be arranged at a different position in the holographic projection device 1.
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the beam splitter element 22 of FIG.
- three light modulation devices 2R, 2G and 2B for each the three basic colors RGB provided.
- the three light modulation devices 2R, 2G and 2B are illuminated by three light sources 4R, 4G and 4B.
- the beam splitter element 22 is arranged between the lens elements 13 and 14.
- a semitransparent mirror is arranged between the beam splitter element 22 and the lens element 14.
- the light of the light source is directed to the semitransparent mirror and from there by means of the beam splitter element 22 to the three light modulation devices 2R, 2G, 2B, wherein the beam splitter element 22, the light in the three monochromatic wavefronts 8R, 8G, 8B split.
- This light modulation device can be illuminated with a light source which has three different-colored light emitting diodes (LED) or a white light LED.
- at least one optical element for example an acousto-optical element is required, which, for example, transmits the wavefronts to the light modulation device at a different angle of incidence.
- FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the holographic projection apparatus 1, wherein here the construction basically corresponds to the structure of the projection apparatus 1 according to FIG. Therefore, the same parts have the same reference numerals here as well.
- the holographic projection device 1 shown here in contrast to FIG. 1, is intended for a plurality of viewers. For this purpose, in this embodiment, to simplify the illustration, only the beam paths for two observers and only one one-dimensional wavefront per viewer are shown. In principle, however, more than two observers can observe the reconstructed three-dimensional scene.
- the viewer window with the letter R stands for the right eye and the viewer window with the letters L for each of the left eye of a viewer.
- two light modulation devices 2 are contained in the holographic projection device 1 here. These two light modulation devices 2 are illuminated by in each case one illumination device 3 with at least one light source 4.
- the light sources 4 are independent of each other and have different light incidence angle.
- the number of light sources 4 per light modulation device 2 is dependent on the number of viewers of the reconstructed scene and is determined by this.
- a single light modulation device 2 is used for the same observer window, that is to say for the right eyes or respectively for the left eyes of the observer.
- the light sources 4 illuminate the light modulation device 2 with sufficiently coherent light at different angles of incidence.
- the angles of incidence of the light of the light sources 4 for the observer windows 11 R and 11 L of the eye pair of a viewer are almost identical. That is, the incident angle of the light sources 4 for generating modulated wavefronts 8L and 23L are different for the viewer windows 11L and 24L.
- the screen 7, the deflector 9, the lens elements 13 and 14, and the imaging means 6 and 19 can be used for both light modulation devices 2.
- two deflection means 18 are provided for tracking at least two, in this case three, observer windows 11 R, 11 L and 24 L corresponding to the respective eye position of the observer.
- the number of deflection means 18 is dependent on the number of viewers. This means that only one deflection means 18 is used per viewer for both eyes, here observer windows 11R and 11L.
- the second imaging means 19 is arranged in connection with a focusing element 25.
- the second imaging means 19 is embodied here as a lenticular used for collimating the wavefronts 10R and 10L, wherein both wavefronts 10R and 10L for the left and right eye are guided by a lenticle of the second imaging means 19 assigned to the deflection means 18.
- the focusing element 25 is used after passing through the two wavefronts 10R and 10L by the corresponding lenticule of the second imaging means 19 for overlapping and focusing of the Fourier transform FT on the screen 7.
- Another deflection means 18 is provided for tracking the viewer window 24L for a two-dimensional wavefront 26L , to Reduction of aberrations, the focusing element 25 may be replaced by a more complex arrangement of lenses.
- the focusing element 25 may be formed as Achromat. It is also possible to provide the second imaging means 19 and the focusing element 25, for example, as a single lenticular in the projection device 1.
- the reconstructed three-dimensional scene arises here as already described under FIG. 1, except that in this exemplary embodiment the holographic projection apparatus 1 is intended for several viewers and therefore the tracking of the viewer windows 11R, 11L and 24L takes place via a plurality of deflection means 18. With the holographic projection apparatus 1 shown here, it is possible to operate three viewer windows simultaneously.
- the duplication of the wavefronts then takes place after the modulation in the light modulation device 2. This can be done, for example, in the region of the deflection element 9 with the aid of a grating element.
- the advantage of this solution is that phase defects of wavefronts of the individual light sources 4 on the light modulation devices 2 can be corrected.
- the deflection means 18, which is designed as a mirror or mirror arrangement, in particular as a galvanometer scanner, can be provided with a light-scattering layer.
- the deflection means 18 can thus be designed as a mirror which scatters in the horizontal direction.
- the light-scattering layer can be designed, for example, as a film. The propagation of the scattered light must be perpendicular to the one-dimensional wavefront. Since coherence in a holographic reconstruction is essential, it must not be disturbed by introducing a light-scattering layer.
- the exemplary embodiments of the invention according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 always relate to at least one one-dimensional light modulation device 2 for modulating at least one incident wavefront.
- the invention can also be realized with two-dimensional light modulation devices.
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the holographic projection device 1 in plan view. Also in this embodiment, the projection device 1 is provided for a plurality of viewers in the observer plane 12.
- the light modulation device 2 is embodied as a two-dimensional binary light modulation device 2.
- the modulated Wavefront binary coded Since the reproduction of the wavefront is very inaccurate, several different wavefronts are superimposed for a reconstructed scene. A deflection element which serves to produce a two-dimensional wavefront is no longer necessary here.
- a beam splitter element 27 is provided in addition to the beam splitter element 22, which is provided for splitting the light into its spectral components or for combining, for duplication of a wave front 8R and 8L emerging from the light modulation devices 2 in the projection device 1 included.
- This beam splitter element 27 is advantageously arranged in the image-side focal plane of the lens element 14 and the imaging means 6 and can be designed, for example, as a grating or diffractive optical element (DOE), in particular as a configurable DOE. It is also possible, instead of the beam splitter element 27, to provide a plurality of light sources 4 for each light modulation device 2 as a function of the number of observers in the observer plane 12. The light of the light sources 4 should then hit the light modulation device 2 at different angles of incidence.
- DOE diffractive optical element
- two light modulation devices 2 are included in the projection device 1, wherein a light modulation device 2 for each of the right eye of the viewer and the other light modulation device 2 are provided for each of the left eye of the viewer.
- the two light modulation devices 2 are each illuminated by a lighting device 3 with a light source 4. Their light is modulated in such a way that the plane waves W are coded at equidistant locations in the light modulation device 2 in each case to a desired wavefront 8R and 8L.
- wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged via the lens elements 13 and 14 onto the beam splitter element 27 for duplication into a plurality of wavefronts 81 R 1 82R 1 83R and 81 L 1 82L 1 83L.
- the lens elements 13 and 14 advantageously in the focal plane of the lens element 13, the Fourier transform FT of the wavefronts 8R and 8L.
- the Fourier transform FT are then transmitted via the lens element 14 and the imaging means 6 into the focal plane 21 of the imaging means 6 in the region of three Deflection means 18 shown.
- the wavefronts 81 R, 82 R, 83 R and 81 L, 82 L 1 83 L are thereby imaged by the imaging means 6 and 19 and the focusing element 25 in the common focal plane 20 of the second imaging means 19 and the focusing element 25, which thereafter on the screen 7 in the observer windows 11 R, 11 L, 24R, 24L, 28R and 28L are imaged onto the eyes of the three observers.
- the images of the Fourier transform FT from the focal plane 21 are imaged on the screen 7 via the second imaging means 19 and the focusing element 25.
- the number of deflection means 18 is also dependent on the number of viewers. This means that only one deflection means 18 is used per viewer for both eyes, here observer windows 11 R and 11 L.
- the three-dimensional scene is reconstructed in the zeroth order of diffraction.
- the position detection system 17 also detects the change of the positions of the eyes, and controls the deflection means 18 such that the observer windows 11 R, 11 L 1 24R 1 24L, 28R and 28L in the direction of the new position of the eyes the viewer be tracked.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene can be carried out according to the example described above by means of the beam splitter element 22.
- only one light modulation device 2 can be provided for reconstructing the scene for one or more observers. Accordingly, then only a single light source for illuminating the light modulation device 2 is necessary.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the projection device 1 is shown in plan view, wherein only a viewer is shown. Basically, several viewers can observe the reconstructed scene.
- the light modulation devices 2 used here are likewise two-dimensional light modulation devices which, in contrast to binary light modulation devices, permit multi-valued coding and thus directly achieve better reproduction of the wave fronts with only one image by reproducing eg several phase values.
- the projection device 1, in contrast to Figures 1, 3 and 4 are constructed in a simplified form.
- a deflection element 9 and a beam splitter element 27 are not more necessary.
- only a single deflecting means 18 can now serve to track the observer windows 11 R and 11 L or even several observer windows.
- a light modulation device 2 is provided for the right eye and for the left eye. These two light modulation devices 2 are illuminated by the two light sources 4 of the illumination devices 3 with sufficiently coherent light. On the light modulation means 2 meet the plane waves W, which are coded to the desired wavefronts 8R and 8L. The wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged via the lens elements 13 and 14 onto an image-side focal plane 29 which arises between the lens element 14 and the imaging means 6. At the same time, between the lens elements 13 and 14 in the image-side focal plane of the lens element 13, the Fourier transform FT of the wavefronts 8R and 8L are formed.
- the Fourier transform FT are then imaged via the lens element 14 and the imaging means 6 into the focal plane 21.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged by the imaging means 6 and 19 in the focal plane 20, which are then imaged via the screen 7 in the viewer window 11 R and 11 L on the eyes of the observer.
- the images of the Fourier transform FT from the focal plane 21 are imaged on the screen 7 via the second imaging means 19.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L for the right and left viewer windows 11R and 11L are imaged simultaneously here. Again, the three-dimensional scene is reconstructed in the zeroth order of diffraction.
- the position detection system 17 detects the change in the positions of the eyes and controls the deflecting means 18 so as to track the observer windows 1-1 R and 11 L toward the new position of the observer's eyes.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene can also take place here according to the example described above by means of the beam splitter element 22.
- the right and left wavefront for the observer windows 11R and 11L are simultaneously displayed to one observer and then to the next observer. Then the next wavefront becomes again the one viewer and then the next viewer etc. shown. Furthermore, it is also possible to successively display the corresponding wavefront for the observer window 11 R of the right eye to all observers and then the corresponding wavefront for the observer window 11 L of the left eye to all observers one after the other. The procedure for displaying the next reconstructed scene is the same.
- FIG. 6 shows a simplification of the projection device 1 according to FIG. 5, whereby only one viewer is shown here as well. Basically, several viewers can be present.
- the light modulation devices 2 used here are also two-dimensional light modulation devices, as already mentioned in FIG. Also in this embodiment, only a single deflection means 18 is provided for tracking the viewer window 11 R and 11 L or even multiple viewer window. If, according to FIG. 5, the lens element 14 and the imaging means 6 together form an afocal system, these optical elements, as shown in FIG. 6, can be dispensed with. As a result, a very simplified projection apparatus 1 can be provided, but a correction of aberrations, e.g. chromatic aberration, is made more difficult.
- aberrations e.g. chromatic aberration
- a light modulation device 2 is also provided here for the right eye and for the left eye. These two light modulation devices 2 are illuminated by the two light sources 4 of the illumination devices 3 with sufficiently coherent light.
- the waves W which are coded to the desired wavefronts 8R and 8L, impinge on the light modulation devices 2.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged via the lens element 13 and the second imaging means 19 in the focal plane 20, which are then imaged via the screen 7 in the viewer window 11 R and 11 L on the eyes of the observer.
- the Fourier transform FT of the wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged on the screen 7 via the second imaging means 19.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L are imaged on the right and left viewer windows 11R and 11L simultaneously.
- the three-dimensional scene is reconstructed in the zeroth order of diffraction.
- the position detection system 17 detects the change in the positions of the eyes of the observer and controls the deflecting means 18 so as to track the observer windows 11 R and 11 L toward the new position of the observer's eyes.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene can be carried out according to the example described above by means of the beam splitter element 22.
- the right and the left wavefront are simultaneously displayed to one observer and then to the next observer by means of the deflecting element 18. After that, the next wavefront is again shown to one viewer and then to the next viewer, and so on.
- FIG. 7 A further exemplary embodiment of the projection device 1 is shown in FIG. 7, wherein the projection device 1 is shown only for a viewer.
- the illustrated light modulation devices 2 may be one-dimensional, two-dimensional or two-dimensional binary light modulation devices. If the light modulation devices 2 are designed to be one-dimensional, then two deflection elements 9, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, are to be provided. When using two-dimensional binary light modulation devices, it is of great advantage if the light modulation devices 2 are so fast that several viewers can observe the reconstructed scene.
- the imaging elements of this projection device 1 have a smaller numerical aperture (NA) compared with the projection device 1 according to FIGS. 5 and 6, as a result of which fewer aberrations occur. Since the lens elements 13, 14 and the beam splitter element 22 are duplicated, namely for each light modulation device 2 or for each eye of the observer, and thus the imaging of the wave fronts W in the first part of the projection device 1 is independent of each other, for example, adjustment errors individually for every eye will be corrected.
- NA numerical aperture
- the three-dimensional scene is reconstructed by means of a respective light modulation device 2 for the right eye and for the left eye. These two light modulation devices 2 are illuminated by the two light sources 4 of the illumination devices 3 with sufficiently coherent light.
- the wavefronts W which are modulated such that the desired wavefronts 8R and 8L are formed, impinge on the light modulation devices 2.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L are shown in this embodiment only in each case by two beams, ie as half wavefronts.
- the wavefront 8R is then imaged via the lens elements 13 and 14 onto a image-side focal plane 30 of the lens element 14.
- a deflection element 31 which is designed as a deflection mirror and is not movable, arranged.
- the deflecting element 31 reflects the wavefront 8R in the desired direction.
- the wavefront becomes 8L
- the Fourier transforms FT of the wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged via the lens elements 14 and the imaging means 6 in the focal plane 21.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L are then imaged by the imaging means 6 and 19 in the focal plane 20, which are then imaged via the screen 7 in the viewer window 11 R and 11 L to the eyes of the observer.
- the images of the Fourier transform FT from the focal plane 21 are imaged on the screen 7 via the second imaging means 19.
- the wavefronts 8R and 8L for the right and left viewer windows 11R and 11L are imaged simultaneously.
- the three-dimensional scene is reconstructed in the zeroth order of diffraction.
- the position detecting system 17 detects the change in the positions of the eyes upon movement of the observer.
- the position detection system also takes over the task of controlling the deflection means 18 and controls it in such a way that the viewer windows 11 R and 11 L are tracked in the direction of the new position of the eyes of the observer.
- the right and the left wavefront are simultaneously displayed first to a viewer and then to the next observer. After that, the next wavefront is again shown to one viewer and then to the next viewer, and so on.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene can be carried out according to the examples described above by means of two beam splitter elements 22, which can each be arranged between the lens elements 13 and 14. Of course, they can also be arranged at a different position in the projection device 1.
- the projection device 1 according to FIG. 7 can also be designed in such a way that unfolded beam paths are present.
- the lighting devices 3 with the light sources 4 can also be arranged at any position in the projection device 1. If, for example, the light modulation device 2 is not transmissive but reflective, then the illumination device 3 can each be arranged such that the respective emitted wavefront W is guided to the corresponding light modulation device 2 via a deflection element, eg a deflection mirror or a semitransparent mirror.
- the light source 4 is imaged onto a Fourier plane, wherein the deflection element is arranged in the Fourier plane.
- at least one optical element such as lens, mirror or the like, may be provided between the deflection element and the light modulation device 2.
- a deflection element can be arranged in the region of the deflection means 18 or at the location of the beam splitter element 22, whereby the beam splitter element 22 can be provided in front of or behind the deflection element or else in another position in the projection device 1. In this way, the projection device 1 can be made more compact in construction.
- the light sources 4 of all embodiments can also be generated by a primary light source, not shown here, with the aid of at least one optical element.
- the reconstructed scene also in a different diffraction order, for example, in the zeroth diffraction order, e.g. in the 1st or -1. Diffraction order, to represent.
- Possible fields of application of the holographic projection device 1 can be displays for a two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional representation for the private and work area, such as for example computers, television, electronic games, automotive industry for the display of information or entertainment, medical technology, in particular for the Minimally invasive surgery or the spatial representation of tomographically acquired data or for military technology, for example, for the representation of terrain profiles.
- the present projection device 1 can also be used in other areas not mentioned here.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/161,473 US8398243B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | Projection device for the holographic reconstruction of scenes |
| EP07734759.9A EP1974246B1 (de) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | Projektionsvorrichtung zur holographischen rekonstruktion von szenen |
| CN2007800027731A CN101371204B (zh) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | 用于景象全息重建的投影装置 |
| KR1020087019970A KR101428819B1 (ko) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | 장면의 홀로그램 재구성을 위한 프로젝터 장치 |
| CA002637751A CA2637751A1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | Projection device for the holographic reconstruction of scenes |
| JP2008550876A JP5059783B2 (ja) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-15 | シーンのホログラフィック再構成用投影装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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| DE102006004300A DE102006004300A1 (de) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Projektionsvorrichtung zur holographischen Rekonstruktion von Szenen |
| DE102006004300.6 | 2006-01-20 |
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| WO2007099457A2 true WO2007099457A2 (de) | 2007-09-07 |
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| US (1) | US8398243B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1974246B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5059783B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101428819B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101371204B (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2637751A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006004300A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI379176B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007099457A2 (de) |
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| WO2008092852A1 (de) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographisches rekonstruktionssystem mit optischen wellennachführmitteln |
| WO2008141988A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holografisches rekonstruktionssystem sowie -verfahren mit einer aneinanderreihung von sichtbarkeitsbereichen |
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| US8593710B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2013-11-26 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographic projection device for the reconstruction of scenes |
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| US8368743B2 (en) | 2006-09-01 | 2013-02-05 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Interface and circuit arrangement, in particular for holographic encoding units or holographic reproduction devices |
| WO2008025844A1 (de) | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-06 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Verfahren zum generieren computer-generierter videohologramme in echtzeit mittels propagation |
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| KR101993565B1 (ko) | 2010-12-22 | 2019-06-26 | 시리얼 테크놀로지즈 에스.에이. | 관찰자 트래킹을 위한 조합된 광변조 장치 |
| JP5403044B2 (ja) | 2011-04-28 | 2014-01-29 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 投射装置および投射制御装置 |
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| US9684168B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2017-06-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Apparatus for digital projection using holographic techniques |
| US10054777B2 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2018-08-21 | California Institute Of Technology | Common-mode digital holographic microscope |
| US10007352B2 (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2018-06-26 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Holographic display system with undo functionality |
| CN114296332A (zh) * | 2016-03-02 | 2022-04-08 | 视瑞尔技术公司 | 照明装置 |
| US10379494B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2019-08-13 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Scanned coarse integral holographic display having holographic lenslets displayed by spatial light modulator |
| RU2650086C1 (ru) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-04-06 | Самсунг Электроникс Ко., Лтд. | Устройство отображения голографических изображений и способ функционирования блока управления, содержащегося в нем |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8593710B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2013-11-26 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographic projection device for the reconstruction of scenes |
| WO2008092852A1 (de) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographisches rekonstruktionssystem mit optischen wellennachführmitteln |
| US8294966B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2012-10-23 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographic reconstruction system with optical wave tracking means |
| WO2008141988A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holografisches rekonstruktionssystem sowie -verfahren mit einer aneinanderreihung von sichtbarkeitsbereichen |
| WO2008141987A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holografisches rekonstruktionssystem sowie -verfahren mit erweitertem sichtbarkeitsbereich |
| JP2010528330A (ja) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-08-19 | シーリアル テクノロジーズ ソシエテ アノニム | 拡大可視領域を使用するホログラフィック再構成システム及び方法 |
| JP2010529483A (ja) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-08-26 | シーリアル テクノロジーズ ソシエテ アノニム | 一連の可視領域を使用するホログラフィック再構成システム及び方法 |
| US8294965B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2012-10-23 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographic reconstruction system and method with a sequence of visibility regions |
| US8446654B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2013-05-21 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographic reconstruction system and method with an enlarged visibility region |
| JP2011501212A (ja) * | 2007-10-19 | 2011-01-06 | シーリアル テクノロジーズ ソシエテ アノニム | 動的波形成ユニット |
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| DE102006004300A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
| JP5059783B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 |
| TWI379176B (en) | 2012-12-11 |
| EP1974246B1 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
| WO2007099457A3 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
| EP1974246A2 (de) | 2008-10-01 |
| JP2009524095A (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
| US20100271676A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| US8398243B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
| CA2637751A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
| KR101428819B1 (ko) | 2014-08-08 |
| CN101371204A (zh) | 2009-02-18 |
| CN101371204B (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
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