WO2007122979A1 - 燃料電池システム、および燃料電池システムを搭載する車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム、および燃料電池システムを搭載する車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007122979A1 WO2007122979A1 PCT/JP2007/057338 JP2007057338W WO2007122979A1 WO 2007122979 A1 WO2007122979 A1 WO 2007122979A1 JP 2007057338 W JP2007057338 W JP 2007057338W WO 2007122979 A1 WO2007122979 A1 WO 2007122979A1
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- fuel cell
- cell system
- fuel
- freezing
- gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
- B60L2260/40—Control modes
- B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
- B60L2260/54—Energy consumption estimation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
- B60L2260/40—Control modes
- B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
- B60L2260/56—Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
- Y10S903/908—Fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/944—Characterized by control of fuel cell
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, and more particularly to control at the time of startup of the fuel cell.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 5-2 6 7 9 6 1 a so-called operation is performed by switching between a power generation state and a stop state according to the power required by an electric vehicle, the charge state of a secondary battery, or the like.
- a technique is disclosed in which intermittent operation is prohibited when the fuel cell is likely to freeze, and the output of the fuel cell is increased to prevent the fuel cell from freezing.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2 0 4-1 5 3 9 4 7 discloses that in a hybrid vehicle equipped with a fuel cell system and an engine, power generation by the fuel cell is prohibited when the outside air temperature is below a predetermined reference temperature. A technique for obtaining desired power using an engine is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 5-2 5 1 5 7 6 discloses that in a fuel cell system, when there is a risk of the fuel cell freezing when the system is stopped, a scavenging process is performed to remove moisture in the fuel cell. Technology is disclosed.
- the present invention suppresses freezing of a predetermined part of a fuel cell or the like constituting a fuel cell system by a traveling wind when a vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system travels using electric power supplied from the fuel cell system.
- the purpose is to do.
- a fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell system that includes a fuel cell that is mounted on a vehicle and generates power using fuel gas and oxidant gas as fuel; When the speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold speed and a predetermined condition determined based on a physical quantity related to the power generation state of the fuel cell is satisfied, it is necessary to perform the freeze prevention processing even if the fuel cell is generating power. And control means for controlling the freeze prevention processing means so as to execute the freeze prevention processing.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined based on, for example, the outside air temperature and the output of the fuel cell. In one aspect of the fuel cell system according to the present invention, the predetermined condition is a condition determined based on the outside air temperature and the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined based on an outside air temperature and a temperature of cooling water for cooling the fuel cell.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined based on the output of the fuel cell and the amount of fuel gas or oxidant gas consumed during power generation of the fuel cell. In one aspect of the fuel cell system according to the present invention, the predetermined condition is a condition determined based on a nitrogen concentration in a pipe through which the fuel gas passes.
- freeze prevention treatment means performs the freeze prevention treatment by increasing the flow path resistance in the pipe through which the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas passes.
- the antifreezing treatment means is configured to increase a rotation speed of a pump that is provided in the pipe and controls a flow path of the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas. It is characterized by increasing the channel resistance.
- the freeze prevention processing means adjusts the opening / closing amount of a valve provided in a pipe near the outlet of a pump that performs flow control of fuel gas or oxidizing gas, The amount of fuel gas or oxidant gas sent out from the pump is limited, and the flow path resistance in the pipe is increased.
- the antifreezing treatment means performs the antifreezing treatment by limiting the amount of fuel gas or oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell.
- the freeze prevention processing means performs the freeze prevention processing by increasing the generated power of the fuel cell.
- the control means when the freeze prevention processing means is executing the freeze prevention process, indicates that the freeze prevention processing means is executing the freeze prevention process. It is characterized by outputting the indicated information.
- control means outputs a predetermined warning when the freeze prevention processing means receives a system stop request while the freeze prevention processing is being executed.
- the fuel cell system is mounted on a vehicle and provides power to a drive source.
- a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell system travels using electric power supplied from the fuel cell system, a predetermined portion of the fuel cell or the like constituting the fuel cell system is frozen by the traveling wind. Can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration centering on the piping system of the fuel cell system in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure performed by the control unit in this embodiment to prevent freezing of a predetermined portion of the fuel cell or the like due to traveling wind.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a reference map using the battery output and the outside air temperature as a parameter, which is referred to when the control unit determines whether or not the freeze prevention process is necessary.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a reference map using the cooling water temperature and the outside air temperature as parameters, which are referred to when the control unit determines whether or not the freeze prevention process is necessary.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a reference map using the battery output, the vehicle speed, and the outside temperature as parameters to be referred to when the control unit determines whether or not the anti-freezing process is necessary.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a reference map using the cooling water temperature, the vehicle speed, and the outside air temperature as parameters to be referred to when the control unit determines whether or not the anti-freezing process is necessary.
- Figure 8 shows an example of a reference map that uses the temperature near the air outlet of the air compressor, the number of rotations of the air compressor, and the outside air temperature as parameters to be referred to when the control unit determines whether or not anti-freezing treatment is necessary.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a reference map that uses the temperature near the air outlet of the air compressor, the number of rotations of the air compressor, and the outside air temperature as parameters to be referred to when the control unit determines whether or not anti-freezing treatment is necessary.
- Fig. 9 shows the output of the motor that drives the air compressor and the rotation of the air compressor, which are referred to when the control unit determines whether or not anti-freezing treatment is necessary. It is a figure which shows an example of the reference map which used the rotation number and the outside temperature as a parameter.
- Figure 10 shows an example of a reference map that uses the parameters of the temperature of the motor that drives the air compressor, the rotation speed of the air compressor, and the outside air temperature, which are referred to when the control unit determines whether or not anti-freezing processing is necessary.
- FIG. Fig. 11 is a diagram for explaining that the pressure in the pipe near the outlet of the valve decreases due to freezing of the pulp.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a reference map using the hydrogen consumption and the battery output as parameters to be referred to when the control unit determines whether or not the antifreezing process is necessary.
- Figure 13 shows an example of a reference map that uses the temperature in the piping of the circulation flow path and the cooling water temperature as parameters to be referred to when the figure control unit determines whether or not anti-freezing treatment is necessary. It is.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system in the present embodiment.
- the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment is mounted as a power source on a vehicle driven by a motor (electric motor).
- the fuel cell system starts when the user turns on the ignition switch, and generates power according to the amount of operation of the accelerator cell by the user.
- the vehicle can travel with electric power supplied from the fuel cell system.
- the fuel cell system 10 mainly includes a fuel gas supply device 42, an oxidizing gas supply device 73, a fuel cell 20, and a control unit 80.
- the fuel gas is, for example, hydrogen gas
- the oxidizing gas is, for example, air.
- the control unit 80 receives a system start signal and a system stop signal from the user via the ignition switch 82, and controls the start and stop of the system according to these signals.
- the control unit 80 obtains the required power generation amount of the fuel cell 20 from the access opening detected by the accelerator sensor 84, and
- the fuel gas supply device 42 and the oxidizing gas supply device 73 are controlled so as to obtain the desired power generation amount, and the fuel gas flow rate and the oxidizing gas flow rate supplied to the fuel cell 20 are adjusted.
- the control unit 80 uses the outside air temperature information detected by the outside air temperature sensor 86 when executing the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, and details will be described later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration centering on the piping system of the fuel cell system 10.
- the fuel cell system 10 includes a fuel gas supply system for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell 20, an oxidizing gas supply system for supplying oxidizing gas, and cooling water.
- a cooling water supply system for cooling or warming up the fuel cell 20 is provided.
- the fuel cell 20 is configured by stacking cells that generate power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen, which is a fuel gas, and oxygen, which is an oxidizing gas.
- Each cell is configured by arranging a hydrogen electrode (hereinafter referred to as “anode”) and an oxygen electrode (hereinafter referred to as “force sword”) with an electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween.
- anode a hydrogen electrode
- an oxygen electrode hereinafter referred to as “force sword”
- an electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween for example, a solid polymer cell using a solid polymer membrane such as naphthion (registered trademark) as an electrolyte membrane will be described as an example.
- naphthion registered trademark
- the present invention is not limited to this, and various types can be used.
- the cooling water supply system of the fuel cell system 10 includes a cooling path 3 1 for circulating the cooling water, a temperature sensor 3 2 for detecting the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 20 and the heat of the cooling water.
- a radiator 3 3 that radiates heat to the outside, a valve 3 4 that adjusts the amount of cooling water flowing into the radiator 3 3, and a pump 3 5 that pressurizes and circulates the cooling water are provided.
- the valve 3 4 increases the amount of cooling water flowing into the radiator 3 3 based on the control of the control unit 80, and the cooling water cooled by the radiator 3 3 is used as the fuel cell. 2 Supply to 0.
- the pulp 3 4 reduces the amount of cooling water flowing into the radiator 33 based on the control of the control unit 80, and the cooling by the radiator 33 is suppressed. Supply cooling water to the fuel cell 20.
- the fuel gas supply system of the fuel cell system 10 has a fuel gas at the anode.
- a fuel gas passage 41 for supplying the fuel and a circulation passage 51 for circulating the fuel off-gas exhausted from the anode to the fuel gas passage 41 are provided.
- the fuel gas flow path 4 1 is supplied with fuel gas from the fuel gas supply device 4 2, a shut-off valve 4 3 that controls the stoppage of the fuel gas, a pressure sensor 4 4 that detects the pressure of the fuel gas, and a fuel gas pressure adjustment
- a regulator 4 5 and a shutoff valve 4 6 for opening and closing the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell 20 are installed.
- the fuel gas supply device 42 includes, for example, a high-pressure hydrogen tank, a hydrogen storage alloy, a reformer, and the like. '
- the shutoff valve 5 2 for discharging the fuel off-gas, the circulation pump 55 driven by the motor, and the fuel gas in the fuel gas flow path 41 flow back to the circulation flow path 51.
- a backflow check valve 5 6 etc. is installed.
- the circulation pump 55 compresses the fuel off-gas that has suffered pressure loss when passing through the anode based on the control of the control unit 80, boosts the fuel off-gas to an appropriate gas pressure, and recirculates it to the fuel gas channel 41.
- the fuel off-gas merges with the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 4 2 in the fuel gas flow path 41 and is supplied to the fuel cell 20 to be reused.
- a branch pipe is connected to an exhaust channel 61 for exhausting the fuel off-gas exhausted from the fuel gas circulation system to the outside of the vehicle via a diluter (for example, a hydrogen concentration reduction device).
- An exhaust valve 6 3 is installed in the exhaust passage 61, and when the exhaust valve 63 is opened and closed, the circulation in the fuel cell 20 is repeated to discharge the fuel off-gas with increased impurity concentration to the outside. Then, a new fuel gas is introduced to prevent the voltage drop of the fuel cell.
- opening and closing the exhaust valve 63 and causing pulsation in the internal pressure of the circulation flow path 51 moisture accumulated in the gas flow path can be removed. That is, the scavenging process in the fuel gas supply system can be performed by opening and closing the exhaust valve 63.
- the oxidizing gas supply system of the fuel cell system 10 includes an oxidizing gas passage 71 for supplying an oxidizing gas to the power sword and a power sword off gas for exhausting the power sword off gas exhausted from the cathode.
- Channel 7 2 is piped It is.
- the oxidizing gas flow path 71 includes an air filter 74 that removes dust and the like contained in the air taken in from the atmosphere, a air compressor 75 that is driven by a motor, and the like.
- An oxidizing gas supply device 7 3 for supplying to the channel 71 is installed.
- the humidifier 76 disposed downstream of the oxidizing gas supply device 73 has a force sword-off gas that has become highly moistened by the generated water generated by the cell reaction of the fuel cell 20.
- Moisture exchange is performed with the captured low-humidity oxidizing gas.
- the back pressure of the cathode is regulated to a substantially constant pressure by a pressure regulating valve 7 7 installed in the cathode off-gas flow path 72.
- the force sword off gas flowing in the force sword off gas flow path 7 2 is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle via, for example, a gas-liquid separator or a muffler, and a part thereof flows into the diluter 62 and enters the diluter 62.
- the stagnant fuel off-gas is mixed and diluted and exhausted outside the vehicle. '
- the oxidizing gas passage 71, the bypass passage 7 8 bypass the humidifier 7 6 is the pipe 1.
- the scavenging process in the oxidizing gas supply system can be performed by supplying the dried air to the fuel cell 20 through the bypass channel 78.
- the control unit 80 is configured as a micro computer provided with CPU, RAM, and ROM inside, and controls the operation of each unit of the fuel cell system 10 according to a program stored in the ROM.
- the control unit 80 receives sensor signals from the temperature sensor T and the pressure sensor ⁇ disposed in each flow path, and drives each motor according to the battery operation state (for example, power load) to circulate the pump. Adjust the number of revolutions of 5 5 and air compressor 7 5, and perform various valve opening / closing controls or valve opening adjustments.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure performed by the control unit 80 according to the present embodiment to prevent freezing of predetermined parts such as the fuel cell 20 due to traveling wind.
- the control unit 80 is configured to perform the processing procedure shown in FIG. 3 at predetermined intervals when the fuel cell 20 is generating power and the vehicle is traveling at a predetermined threshold speed V t (for example, V t> 0) or more. Execute.
- the control unit 80 determines whether or not the outside air temperature is low (S 1 0 0). More specifically, the control unit 80 acquires outside air temperature information from the outside air temperature sensor 86 that detects the outside air temperature, and the outside air temperature is set to a predetermined threshold temperature (for example, 2 °) based on the outside air temperature information. C) Judge whether the temperature is below or below. If the outside air temperature is below the specified threshold temperature, the temperature is judged to be low. When the outside air temperature is low (the determination result at step S 1 0 0 is affirmative “Y”), the control unit 80 determines whether or not anti-freezing processing of a predetermined part constituting the fuel cell system 1 0 is necessary. Is determined (S 1 0 2).
- step S 1 0 4 when it is determined that anti-freezing processing is necessary (the determination result in step S 1 0 4 is affirmative “ ⁇ ”;), the control unit 8 0 Freezing prevention processing for preventing freezing of a predetermined portion constituting the battery system 10 is executed (S 10 06). A specific example of the freeze prevention process will also be described later.
- the control unit 80 ends the process without executing the freeze prevention process.
- control unit 80 executes the freeze prevention process, for example, a message indicating that the freeze prevention process is being performed is displayed on the dashboard in order to notify the user who is driving the vehicle that the freeze prevention process is being performed. Or you can display it on the screen used in the navigation system.
- the freeze prevention process for the predetermined part is insufficient and the predetermined stop after the system is stopped.
- the part may freeze.
- the user will not be able to 7338 If a system stop request signal is received via the ignition switch, it may be warned that the fuel cell system 10 may freeze if the system is stopped.
- the freeze-prevention process shown below still does not prevent the freezing of a predetermined part, for example, if the vehicle continues to run, the fuel cell system 10 freezes, causing problems. The user may be warned that there is a risk.
- the control unit 80 performs the anti-freezing process as necessary while the fuel cell 20 is generating power and the vehicle is traveling at a predetermined threshold speed or more, so that it can accompany the traveling wind. Freezing of a predetermined portion such as the fuel cell 20 can be suppressed. A portion that is relatively far from a heat source such as the fuel cell 20 that generates heat accompanying power generation is likely to be frozen by running wind in a low temperature environment. However, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress freezing associated with traveling wind at a predetermined part away from the heat source.
- the control unit 80 needs to be subjected to a freeze prevention process because the predetermined part constituting the fuel cell system 10 is frozen or may freeze. Is determined.
- specific examples of the predetermined conditions relating to the power generation state of the fuel cell will be described. For example, if the battery output of the fuel cell 20 is lower than the expected standard output in relation to the outside air temperature, the electrolyte membrane inside the fuel cell 20 will freeze and the power generation of the fuel cell system 10 will be normal. It may not have been done. Therefore, the control unit 80 refers to, for example, the reference map shown in FIG.
- the battery output is provided with a voltage sensor for measuring the voltage output from the fuel cell 20 to the fuel cell system 10 and a current sensor for measuring the current. Measured using current.
- the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 20 is related to the outside air temperature. If the temperature is lower than the expected reference temperature, the fuel cell 20 may be frozen. Therefore, the control unit 80 can determine whether or not the anti-freezing process is necessary as described above with reference to the reference map shown in FIG.
- the control unit 80 refers to a reference map as shown in FIG. 6 and determines whether or not anti-freezing processing is necessary based on the position on the reference map obtained using the vehicle speed, the outside temperature, and the battery output as parameters. Can be determined.
- the control unit 80 refers to the reference map as shown in FIG. 7 and determines the necessity of the anti-freezing process based on the position on the reference map obtained using the vehicle speed, the outside air temperature, and the cooling water temperature as parameters. Presence / absence can be determined.
- the control unit 80 may determine that the freeze prevention process is necessary when the pressure in the air pipe is higher than the reference pressure.
- the air that has been compressed by the air compressor 75 and the temperature has risen increases the flow resistance in the piping due to freezing of pulp, etc.
- the control unit 80 refers to the reference map as shown in FIG. 8 and obtains the position on the reference map which uses the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner press 75, the rotation speed of the air compressor 75 and the outside air temperature as parameters. Based on this, it is possible to determine the necessity of anti-freezing treatment.
- the control unit 80 refers to a reference map as shown in FIG. 9 and obtains a reference map in which the drive motor that drives the air compressor 75 and the rotation speed of the air compressor 75 and the outside air temperature are used as parameters. Based on the above position, the necessity of anti-freezing treatment can be determined.
- the control unit 80 obtains, as parameters, the temperature of the drive motor that drives the air compressor 75, the rotation speed of the air compressor 75, and the outside air temperature with reference to a reference map as shown in FIG. Based on the position on the reference map, the necessity of anti-freezing processing can be determined.
- control unit 80 determines whether or not the pressure in the pipe near the valve outlet, which has risen with the opening and closing of the pulp, has reached an expected reference pressure, and freezes if the reference pressure has not been reached. It may be determined that prevention processing is necessary.
- a valve arranged in the circulation channel 51 in the fuel gas supply system When frozen, the pressure in the piping of the circulation channel 51 (for example, the pressure sensor P 5 7) may decrease. Therefore, the control unit 80 may determine that the antifreezing treatment is necessary when the pressure in the piping of the circulation channel 51 is lower than a predetermined reference pressure.
- the control unit 80 may determine that the freeze prevention process is necessary when the nitrogen concentration in the pipe is higher than a predetermined reference concentration.
- the nitrogen concentration in the pipe can be estimated using the difference in pressure loss between hydrogen and nitrogen, for example. Since hydrogen and nitrogen differ in density and viscosity by about 4 times the pressure loss, if the nitrogen concentration in the fuel gas in the fuel cell 20 increases, the vicinity of the inlet for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel cell 20 The pressure difference between and the pressure near the outlet will increase. Therefore, the control unit 80 detects the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the pressure sensor provided near the inlet and the pressure measured by the pressure sensor provided near the outlet, thereby adjusting the nitrogen concentration. Can be estimated.
- the control unit 80 refers to the reference map as shown in FIG. 12 and performs anti-freezing based on the position on the reference map that is obtained from the battery output and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell 20 as parameters. Whether or not processing is necessary can be determined. Note that oxygen consumption may increase if a valve located in the oxygen gas supply system freezes. Therefore, the control unit 80 may determine that the freeze prevention process is necessary when the oxygen consumption is higher than the expected oxygen consumption in relation to the battery output.
- the control unit 80 refers to a reference map as shown in FIG. 13 and uses the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 20 and the temperature in the piping of the circulation channel 51 as parameters. Whether or not anti-freezing processing is necessary can be determined based on the obtained position on the reference map.
- control unit 80 can determine whether or not the freeze prevention process is necessary.
- control unit 80 promotes heat generation of the fuel cell 20 by operating the fuel cell 20 at a low efficiency, and suppresses freezing of the fuel cell 20 or the like by the heat generation.
- the low-efficiency operation of the fuel cell 20 can be realized, for example, by reducing the amount of oxygen supplied to the fuel cell 20 less than the amount of oxygen required during normal operation relative to the required power generation amount of the fuel cell 20. Can do.
- a heater is provided in the cooling path 31 for circulating the cooling water, the heater is operated by the electric power generated by the fuel cell 20, the cooling water is heated, and the fuel cell 20 is heated by the heated cooling water. To prevent freezing. Thereby, freezing of the fuel cell 20 and the like can be suppressed by heat generation accompanying the increase in the output of the fuel cell 20 and heating of the cooling water.
- the air that has been compressed by the air compressor 75 and increased in temperature becomes difficult to be sent out from the air compressor 75, the air is further compressed by the air compressor 75 to further increase the temperature. cause. Therefore, for example, a butterfly valve driven by a motor is arranged near the air outlet of the air compressor 75. By restricting this valve, the flow resistance in the pipe increases, making it difficult for air compressed by the air compressor 75 to rise from the air compressor 75 and output from the air compressor 75. The air temperature can be further increased. Freezing of valves and the like arranged in the oxygen gas supply system can be suppressed by the temperature rise of the air. Therefore, the control unit 80 can perform the freeze prevention process by narrowing the butterfly valve provided near the air outlet of the air compressor 75.
- circulation Bonn By providing the above-mentioned butterfly-type pulp near the hydrogen outlet of the pump 55 and adjusting the throttle of the valve, it is possible to suppress freezing of the valves and the like arranged in the fuel gas supply system. The same applies to the pump 35 for cooling water.
- control unit 80 can suppress freezing of pulp and the like arranged in each system by increasing the pump rotation speed of each pump.
- the control unit 80 sets the predetermined condition regarding the power generation state of the fuel cell as described above while the fuel cell 20 is generating power and the vehicle is traveling at a predetermined threshold speed or more. If it is satisfied, it is determined that anti-freezing treatment is necessary, and anti-freezing treatment as shown above is also performed. As a result, freezing of a predetermined portion of the fuel cell 20 or the like due to the traveling wind can be suppressed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE602007014197T DE602007014197D1 (de) | 2006-04-19 | 2007-03-27 | Brennstoffzellensystem und fahrzeug mit dem brennstoffzellensystem |
| EP07740774A EP2012385B1 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2007-03-27 | Fuel cell system and vehicle mounted with fuel cell system |
| US12/087,313 US8048578B2 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2007-03-27 | Fuel cell system and vehicle mounted with fuel cell system |
| CN2007800138715A CN101427411B (zh) | 2006-04-19 | 2007-03-27 | 燃料电池系统和安装有燃料电池系统的车辆 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006115268A JP5168814B2 (ja) | 2006-04-19 | 2006-04-19 | 燃料電池システム、および燃料電池システムを搭載する車両 |
| JP2006-115268 | 2006-04-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007122979A1 true WO2007122979A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
Family
ID=38624887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/057338 Ceased WO2007122979A1 (ja) | 2006-04-19 | 2007-03-27 | 燃料電池システム、および燃料電池システムを搭載する車両 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8048578B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2012385B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5168814B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101082080B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101427411B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE602007014197D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007122979A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4530176B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-26 | 2010-08-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車両 |
| JP4905330B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-19 | 2012-03-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 開閉弁、燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
| JP4591896B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2010-12-01 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池電源システムが搭載された車両 |
| JP7354920B2 (ja) | 2020-05-11 | 2023-10-03 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| CN112428886B (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-07-05 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 燃料电池商用车的整车冷却系统 |
| DE102021200148A1 (de) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-07-14 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Brennstoffzellensystem mit Vereisungsschutz |
| KR20230028644A (ko) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-03-02 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 제어 방법 |
| JP7567825B2 (ja) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-10-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| KR20230172900A (ko) | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-26 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 수소 전기차의 연료전지 생성수 처리 시스템 |
| KR20240008139A (ko) | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-18 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 생성수 처리 시스템 |
| DE102022124127A1 (de) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-03-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Vol.%-Anteils an Wasserstoff in einem Brennstoffzellensystem und Brennstoffzellensystem |
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2006
- 2006-04-19 JP JP2006115268A patent/JP5168814B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-03-27 EP EP07740774A patent/EP2012385B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-27 CN CN2007800138715A patent/CN101427411B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-27 WO PCT/JP2007/057338 patent/WO2007122979A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-27 DE DE602007014197T patent/DE602007014197D1/de active Active
- 2007-03-27 KR KR1020087028135A patent/KR101082080B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2012385B1 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
| US20090004518A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
| CN101427411B (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
| JP2007287540A (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
| CN101427411A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
| US8048578B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
| JP5168814B2 (ja) | 2013-03-27 |
| EP2012385A1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
| KR101082080B1 (ko) | 2011-11-10 |
| KR20090005191A (ko) | 2009-01-12 |
| EP2012385A4 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| DE602007014197D1 (de) | 2011-06-09 |
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