WO2008003091A3 - Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008003091A3
WO2008003091A3 PCT/US2007/072560 US2007072560W WO2008003091A3 WO 2008003091 A3 WO2008003091 A3 WO 2008003091A3 US 2007072560 W US2007072560 W US 2007072560W WO 2008003091 A3 WO2008003091 A3 WO 2008003091A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
additives
removal
catalytic cracking
fluidized catalytic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/072560
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008003091A8 (en
WO2008003091A2 (en
Inventor
Julie Ann Francis
Charles Vadovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Albemarle Netherlands BV
Original Assignee
Albemarle Netherlands BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Albemarle Netherlands BV filed Critical Albemarle Netherlands BV
Priority to CA2659074A priority Critical patent/CA2659074C/en
Priority to EP21165628.5A priority patent/EP3878553A1/en
Priority to EP07799212A priority patent/EP2032254A2/en
Priority to EP17180849.6A priority patent/EP3260197B1/en
Priority to JP2009518590A priority patent/JP5031830B2/en
Publication of WO2008003091A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008003091A2/en
Publication of WO2008003091A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008003091A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2008003091A8 publication Critical patent/WO2008003091A8/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0251—Compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0207—Compounds of Sc, Y or Lanthanides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0222—Compounds of Mn, Re
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
    • B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/024—Compounds of Zn, Cd, Hg
    • B01J20/0244—Compounds of Zn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3021—Milling, crushing or grinding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
    • B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/16—Clays or other mineral silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G11/04—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
    • C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/201—Impurities
    • C10G2300/205—Metal content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/02—Gasoline

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

Compositions and methods suitable for removing poisonous metals from hydrocarbons are provided. The compositions comprise hydrotalcite having one or more trapping metals dispersed on the outer surface thereof.
PCT/US2007/072560 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons Ceased WO2008003091A2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2659074A CA2659074C (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
EP21165628.5A EP3878553A1 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
EP07799212A EP2032254A2 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
EP17180849.6A EP3260197B1 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
JP2009518590A JP5031830B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals toxic to the catalyst during fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81738306P 2006-06-29 2006-06-29
US60/817,383 2006-06-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008003091A2 WO2008003091A2 (en) 2008-01-03
WO2008003091A3 true WO2008003091A3 (en) 2008-02-07
WO2008003091A8 WO2008003091A8 (en) 2009-07-16

Family

ID=39002261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/072560 Ceased WO2008003091A2 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (4) EP2032254A2 (en)
JP (2) JP5031830B2 (en)
CN (2) CN101479035A (en)
CA (1) CA2659074C (en)
WO (1) WO2008003091A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5706155B2 (en) * 2007-03-20 2015-04-22 アルベマール・ネーザーランズ・ベー・ブイ Anionic clays containing additives for reducing SOx emissions from FCC regenerators and their manufacturing processes
US20130131412A1 (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Uop Llc Resid catalytic cracker and catalyst for increased propylene yield
WO2015051266A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 Johnson Matthey Process Technologies, Inc. Process for reactivating an iron-contaminated fcc catalyst
JP6915985B2 (en) * 2016-12-27 2021-08-11 日揮触媒化成株式会社 Metal scavengers, methods for producing metal scavengers, and fluid catalytic cracking catalysts

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4889615A (en) * 1988-12-06 1989-12-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Additive for vanadium capture in catalytic cracking
WO1999049001A1 (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-30 Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap As Reduction of sulphur content in fcc-naphtha
US6010619A (en) * 1997-01-22 2000-01-04 Greenvue Company, Llc FCC process with zeolite and hydrotalcite
WO2005058488A2 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-30 Albemarle Netherlands B.V. Process for the preparation of an oxidic catalyst composition comprising a divalent and a trivalent metal

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5580447A (en) 1978-12-14 1980-06-17 Kyowa Chem Ind Co Ltd Prevention of rust, deterioration or coloring of polyolefin and composition
US4485184A (en) * 1981-04-10 1984-11-27 Ashland Oil, Inc. Trapping of metals deposited on catalytic materials during carbometallic oil conversion
US4774212A (en) 1987-12-22 1988-09-27 Amoco Corporation Pillared hydrotalcites
WO2000001484A1 (en) 1998-07-02 2000-01-13 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Vanadium removal in fcc by use of an outboard vessel
WO2001012570A1 (en) * 1999-08-11 2001-02-22 Akzo Nobel N.V. Attrition resistant, shaped, crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies
US6468488B1 (en) * 1999-08-11 2002-10-22 Akzo Nobel N.V. Mg-Al anionic clay having 3R2 stacking
WO2005102514A1 (en) * 2004-04-26 2005-11-03 Albemarle Netherlands B.V. Process for the preparation of a metal-containing composition
US20060060504A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-23 Vierheilig Albert A Additives for metal contaminant removal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4889615A (en) * 1988-12-06 1989-12-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Additive for vanadium capture in catalytic cracking
US6010619A (en) * 1997-01-22 2000-01-04 Greenvue Company, Llc FCC process with zeolite and hydrotalcite
WO1999049001A1 (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-30 Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap As Reduction of sulphur content in fcc-naphtha
WO2005058488A2 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-30 Albemarle Netherlands B.V. Process for the preparation of an oxidic catalyst composition comprising a divalent and a trivalent metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2394738A2 (en) 2011-12-14
EP2394738B1 (en) 2015-05-06
EP3260197A1 (en) 2017-12-27
CA2659074C (en) 2015-10-06
WO2008003091A8 (en) 2009-07-16
JP5031830B2 (en) 2012-09-26
CA2659074A1 (en) 2008-01-03
CN104117335A (en) 2014-10-29
JP2009542432A (en) 2009-12-03
EP2394738A3 (en) 2012-05-16
JP2012041539A (en) 2012-03-01
JP5356481B2 (en) 2013-12-04
WO2008003091A2 (en) 2008-01-03
EP2032254A2 (en) 2009-03-11
EP3878553A1 (en) 2021-09-15
EP3260197B1 (en) 2021-03-31
CN101479035A (en) 2009-07-08

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