WO2008024861A2 - Low-cost plastic spherical mirror - Google Patents

Low-cost plastic spherical mirror Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008024861A2
WO2008024861A2 PCT/US2007/076554 US2007076554W WO2008024861A2 WO 2008024861 A2 WO2008024861 A2 WO 2008024861A2 US 2007076554 W US2007076554 W US 2007076554W WO 2008024861 A2 WO2008024861 A2 WO 2008024861A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
plastic part
mold
mirror surface
mirror
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/076554
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008024861A3 (en
Inventor
Jeffrey L. Vrachan
Curtis L. Thornton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PROVISION INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
Original Assignee
PROVISION INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PROVISION INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Inc filed Critical PROVISION INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
Priority to EP07841226A priority Critical patent/EP2059385A2/en
Priority to CA2697145A priority patent/CA2697145A1/en
Publication of WO2008024861A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008024861A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2008024861A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008024861A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00596—Mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a spherical mirror. More particularly, the present invention relates to a low-cost plastic spherical mirror. Description of Related Art
  • Glass has been the conventional material of choice for use as a spherical mirror.
  • plastics technologies were not developed as they are today. In other words, the tools and materials were not available as they are today. The metal mold tolerances and the resulting parts can be specified and held in tens of thousandth of an inch. Materials used today are more sophisticated; the plastics are able to emulate the thermal stability and durability similar to that of glass, and to endure the type of operating conditions in the past that only glass could have tolerated.
  • Glass spherical mirrors are expensive because of the secondary operations needed to prepare the mirror surface after it is heat formed or slumped to shape. These secondary operations include annealing, grinding and polishing. The annealing process is used to strengthen the glass so that it is strong enough to undergo the grinding and polishing operation, as well as adding the additional strength needed to resist breakage during usage. The grinding and polishing stages are necessary because of the limits of the tolerance capabilities of glass forming molds and the physical nature of glass.
  • glass spherical mirrors also have the serious drawbacks of breakage, heavy weight, difficulty in mounting the mirror and expensive shipping costs.
  • a low-cost version of the glass spherical mirror was developed but it did not provide an acceptable surface finish, was still very heavy and the resulting cost reductions were not comparable to plastic spherical mirror.
  • a method and system for manufacturing a plastic spherical mirror to reduce the weight of a spherical mirror to approximately one-third that of glass, and for making a low-cost plastic spherical mirror of comparable performance to a glass spherical mirror.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for manufacturing a low-cost plastic spherical mirror of comparable performance as that of a high quality glass spherical mirror.
  • plastic injection molding is used for manufacturing a plastic part for a low-cost plastic spherical mirror.
  • the plastic injection molding method is able to yield higher tolerance, improved process control, and high reproducibility.
  • the metal mold for plastic injection molding is able to hold a tight tolerance for a general envelope dimension of a mirror.
  • the spherical radius tolerance is also to be held at a tight tolerance.
  • the aforementioned tolerances are comparable to that of the glass spherical mirrors.
  • a plurality of plastic material formulations have been developed in which a plurality of performance criteria relating to material strength, thermal stability, water absorption, mold shrinkage, material flow into the mold, UL recognition, manufacturing considerations, surface density, lubricant content, and scratch resistance may be satisfied.
  • the selection of the plastic material formulation may be based on the metal mold and part testing results.
  • Vacuum metallization or vacuum deposition may be used for depositing a reflective mirror coating for use as the mirror surface of the spherical mirror.
  • the metal deposited on the plastic surface preferably has a thickness of several microns.
  • the metallization phase is performed and then a protective overcoat is spray coated onto the metalized surface.
  • the vacuum metalized part has improved quality because of the improved quality control of the surface of the plastic material that is being coated by means of the ability to minimize the amounts of flaws on the surface of the plastic part resulting from the molding process.
  • a method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps.
  • the plastic part is designed so that a mirror surface is supported for the prevention of distortion or twisting, and for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements.
  • plastic injection gates are precisely placed for ensuring the elimination of remnants or knit lines created by plastic resin flow.
  • a preferred physical size of the plastic part for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements and physical design requirements is selected.
  • a plurality of support walls are formed and strategically placed in the plastic part.
  • a plastic material formulation is selected so that it is specifically designed to resist deformation.
  • the tool may also be made from a preferred grade steel having a preferred polish finish
  • the metal mold is heated and or chilled to form an optimal curvature on a mirror surface.
  • a protective overcoat is formed onto a metalized mirror surface.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a method for fabricating a plastic part for the plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a trimmed plastic part for a plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of a method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a plastic part fabricated by an injection molding process in accordance with the present invention.
  • a "plastic material formulation” may comprise a homopolymer, a thermoplastic, a copolymer, a polymer blend, a thermoset, a polymer blend, any one of the above material containing performance additives, fillers, or fibers, or any other similar types of polymer material formulations.
  • the "deposition of a reflective metal coating over the mirror surface of the plastic part” may be accomplished by vacuum deposition, spin coating, spraying, vacuum metallization, sputtering, or any other similar process capable of depositing the reflective metal coating on the order of several microns.
  • Low-cost may be defined as a favorable cost differential as compared to glass of the same dimensional configuration for use as spherical mirrors.
  • a "glass counterpart" is defined to be a glass spherical mirror of the same dimensional configuration and possesses equivalent functionalities as that of the plastic spherical mirror.
  • a plastic injection molding process is used for fabricating the plastic part 20 of a plastic spherical mirror.
  • the plastic injection molding process is capable of providing a dimensional tolerance of +/- .0001 inch for a parabolic plastic mirror that ranges from a diameter of from about five inches to about 36 inches, in certain preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • the tooling for the plastic injection molding process is relatively expensive, the cost per each plastic part 20 manufactured is however very low.
  • a plurality of complex geometries is reproducible using the plastic injection molding process according to an embodiment of the present invention and may be limited only by the manufacturability of a metal mold.
  • a metal mold's final finish may be implemented by means of machining and polishing or other similar finishing methods capable of producing an adequate finish quality, such as an Al grade or a grade that is considered as the finest finish available for a plastic part 20.
  • plastic parts up to about 36 inches in length may be produced.
  • the procedures used in the plastic injection molding process are well known in the art; and therefore, detail description thereof is shall not be discussed herein.
  • a metal mold for plastic injection molding process is able to provide plus or minus .030 inch tolerance for a general envelope dimension and a spherical radius tolerance of plus or minus .05% for the plastic part.
  • the aforementioned tolerances are comparable to the glass spherical mirrors.
  • the metal mold is able to hold a tolerance of about +/- .0001 inch.
  • a plurality of plastic material formulations 50 may each be used for fabricating the plastic spherical mirror 10 in which a plurality of performance criteria are satisfied, such as material strength, thermal stability, water absorption, mold shrinkage, material flow into the mold, UL recognition, manufacturing considerations, surface density, lubricant content, and scratch resistance.
  • the plastic material formulations 50 may comprise one of the following: optical-grade polycarbonate, natural-grade polycarbonate, UV-grade polycarbonate, polyetherimide, glass-filled grade polyetherimide, PMMA (acrylic), and other comparable plastic materials having similar performance criteria. The selection of the plastic material formulation 50 may be based on the degree of precision for the mold tooling as well as experimental results from part testing.
  • a vacuum metallization or a vacuum deposition process may be used for coating a metal layer over the mirror surface 40 of the trimmed plastic part 25 as illustrated in FIG. 2 or the plastic spherical mirror treated with an evaporated metal vapor.
  • the thickness of the metal deposited on the plastic surface is preferably about four to eight microns.
  • the metalizing phase is followed by a spray coating of a protective overcoat on a metalized mirror surface 45.
  • the metalized plastic part 30 that has been vacuum metalized may possess improved quality because of improved quality control of the surface of the plastic material that is being coated by means of minimizing of the amount of flaws that are on the plastic surface resulting from the molding process.
  • the metallization is to have an excellent adhesion with respect to the mirror surface 40 of the underlying plastic part
  • a method for fabricating the plastic spherical mirror in which the plastic part 20 of relatively thin thickness holds its form/shape after being heated and cooled, may include a plurality of the following steps:
  • a method for producing the plastic spherical mirror 10 in which the plastic part 20 of a relative thickness sufficient to hold its form/shape after being heated and cooled may include a plurality of the following steps: PARTDESIGN
  • FIG. 4 a plastic part 20 directly after injection molding process in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the ejector pins 50 are disposed around the edge of the plastic part 20 to allow part removal from the metal mold without distorting the surface geometry or damaging the mirror surface 40.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mirrors, Picture Frames, Photograph Stands, And Related Fastening Devices (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)

Abstract

A method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror is disclosed. First, a plastic part with a mirror surface supported by a plurality of wall structures is designed. Next, a metal mold including mold for forming the plastic part according the above design specification is provided. A mirror surface of the metal mold is polished to an Al optical grade finish. The metal mold is heated and chilled to form a curvature of the mirror surface of the metal mold. Aplastic material formulation is selected and heated until a melt thereof is obtained. The melt is injected into the mold of the metal mold and the injected melt in the mold is cooled to form the plastic part. A thin layer of a reflective metal coating is deposited on the mirror surface of the plastic part and a protective overcoat is formed on the reflective metal coating.

Description

LOW-COST PLASTIC SPHERICAL MIRROR
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims the priority benefit of the US provisional application serial No. 60/839,740, filed on August 23, 2006. AU disclosure of this US provisional application is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention generally relates to a spherical mirror. More particularly, the present invention relates to a low-cost plastic spherical mirror. Description of Related Art
[0002] Glass has been the conventional material of choice for use as a spherical mirror. One of the most important reasons is because plastics technologies were not developed as they are today. In other words, the tools and materials were not available as they are today. The metal mold tolerances and the resulting parts can be specified and held in tens of thousandth of an inch. Materials used today are more sophisticated; the plastics are able to emulate the thermal stability and durability similar to that of glass, and to endure the type of operating conditions in the past that only glass could have tolerated.
[0003] Glass spherical mirrors are expensive because of the secondary operations needed to prepare the mirror surface after it is heat formed or slumped to shape. These secondary operations include annealing, grinding and polishing. The annealing process is used to strengthen the glass so that it is strong enough to undergo the grinding and polishing operation, as well as adding the additional strength needed to resist breakage during usage. The grinding and polishing stages are necessary because of the limits of the tolerance capabilities of glass forming molds and the physical nature of glass.
[0004] Unfortunately, the grinding and polishing stages require a considerable amount of manual processing for producing a finished product; therefore, they are often considered semi-automated processes.
[0005] In addition, glass spherical mirrors also have the serious drawbacks of breakage, heavy weight, difficulty in mounting the mirror and expensive shipping costs. To overcome the limitations and drawbacks of glass, a low-cost version of the glass spherical mirror was developed but it did not provide an acceptable surface finish, was still very heavy and the resulting cost reductions were not comparable to plastic spherical mirror. Clearly, what is needed is a method and system for manufacturing a plastic spherical mirror to reduce the weight of a spherical mirror to approximately one-third that of glass, and for making a low-cost plastic spherical mirror of comparable performance to a glass spherical mirror.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention provides a method and system for manufacturing a low-cost plastic spherical mirror of comparable performance as that of a high quality glass spherical mirror.
[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, plastic injection molding is used for manufacturing a plastic part for a low-cost plastic spherical mirror. The plastic injection molding method is able to yield higher tolerance, improved process control, and high reproducibility. [0008] The metal mold for plastic injection molding is able to hold a tight tolerance for a general envelope dimension of a mirror. The spherical radius tolerance is also to be held at a tight tolerance. The aforementioned tolerances are comparable to that of the glass spherical mirrors.
[0009] A plurality of plastic material formulations have been developed in which a plurality of performance criteria relating to material strength, thermal stability, water absorption, mold shrinkage, material flow into the mold, UL recognition, manufacturing considerations, surface density, lubricant content, and scratch resistance may be satisfied. The selection of the plastic material formulation may be based on the metal mold and part testing results.
[0010] Vacuum metallization or vacuum deposition may be used for depositing a reflective mirror coating for use as the mirror surface of the spherical mirror. The metal deposited on the plastic surface preferably has a thickness of several microns. The metallization phase is performed and then a protective overcoat is spray coated onto the metalized surface. The vacuum metalized part has improved quality because of the improved quality control of the surface of the plastic material that is being coated by means of the ability to minimize the amounts of flaws on the surface of the plastic part resulting from the molding process.
[0011] A method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps.
(a) The plastic part is designed so that a mirror surface is supported for the prevention of distortion or twisting, and for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements.
(b) The plastic injection gates are precisely placed for ensuring the elimination of remnants or knit lines created by plastic resin flow. (c) A preferred physical size of the plastic part for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements and physical design requirements is selected.
(d) A plurality of support walls are formed and strategically placed in the plastic part.
(e) A plastic material formulation is selected so that it is specifically designed to resist deformation.
(f) the tool may also be made from a preferred grade steel having a preferred polish finish;
(g) The metal mold is heated and or chilled to form an optimal curvature on a mirror surface.
(h) A thin layer of a reflective metal coating is deposited onto the mirror surface of the plastic part.
(i) A protective overcoat is formed onto a metalized mirror surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a method for fabricating a plastic part for the plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention.
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a trimmed plastic part for a plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention.
[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of a method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention. [0016] FIG. 4 illustrates a plastic part fabricated by an injection molding process in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown.
The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.
[0018] In the drawings, whenever the same element reappears in subsequent drawings, it is denoted by the same reference numeral.
[0019] For the sake of convenience of understanding, some key terms and phrases are first presented.
[0020] A "plastic material formulation" may comprise a homopolymer, a thermoplastic, a copolymer, a polymer blend, a thermoset, a polymer blend, any one of the above material containing performance additives, fillers, or fibers, or any other similar types of polymer material formulations.
[0021] The "deposition of a reflective metal coating over the mirror surface of the plastic part" may be accomplished by vacuum deposition, spin coating, spraying, vacuum metallization, sputtering, or any other similar process capable of depositing the reflective metal coating on the order of several microns.
[0022] "Low-cost" may be defined as a favorable cost differential as compared to glass of the same dimensional configuration for use as spherical mirrors. [0023] A "glass counterpart" is defined to be a glass spherical mirror of the same dimensional configuration and possesses equivalent functionalities as that of the plastic spherical mirror.
[0024] As used herein, the words "may" and "may be" are to be interpreted in an open-ended, non-restrictive manner. At minimum, "may" and "may be" are to be interpreted as definitively including structure or acts recited.
[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plastic injection molding process is used for fabricating the plastic part 20 of a plastic spherical mirror. In the present embodiment of the present invention, the plastic injection molding process is capable of providing a dimensional tolerance of +/- .0001 inch for a parabolic plastic mirror that ranges from a diameter of from about five inches to about 36 inches, in certain preferred embodiments of the present invention. Although the tooling for the plastic injection molding process is relatively expensive, the cost per each plastic part 20 manufactured is however very low. A plurality of complex geometries is reproducible using the plastic injection molding process according to an embodiment of the present invention and may be limited only by the manufacturability of a metal mold. [0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, a metal mold's final finish may be implemented by means of machining and polishing or other similar finishing methods capable of producing an adequate finish quality, such as an Al grade or a grade that is considered as the finest finish available for a plastic part 20.
[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, using the plastic injection molding process, plastic parts up to about 36 inches in length may be produced. The procedures used in the plastic injection molding process are well known in the art; and therefore, detail description thereof is shall not be discussed herein. [0028] In the present embodiment, a metal mold for plastic injection molding process is able to provide plus or minus .030 inch tolerance for a general envelope dimension and a spherical radius tolerance of plus or minus .05% for the plastic part. The aforementioned tolerances are comparable to the glass spherical mirrors. The metal mold is able to hold a tolerance of about +/- .0001 inch.
[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of plastic material formulations 50 may each be used for fabricating the plastic spherical mirror 10 in which a plurality of performance criteria are satisfied, such as material strength, thermal stability, water absorption, mold shrinkage, material flow into the mold, UL recognition, manufacturing considerations, surface density, lubricant content, and scratch resistance. [0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the plastic material formulations 50 may comprise one of the following: optical-grade polycarbonate, natural-grade polycarbonate, UV-grade polycarbonate, polyetherimide, glass-filled grade polyetherimide, PMMA (acrylic), and other comparable plastic materials having similar performance criteria. The selection of the plastic material formulation 50 may be based on the degree of precision for the mold tooling as well as experimental results from part testing.
[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum metallization or a vacuum deposition process may be used for coating a metal layer over the mirror surface 40 of the trimmed plastic part 25 as illustrated in FIG. 2 or the plastic spherical mirror treated with an evaporated metal vapor. The thickness of the metal deposited on the plastic surface is preferably about four to eight microns. The metalizing phase is followed by a spray coating of a protective overcoat on a metalized mirror surface 45. The metalized plastic part 30 that has been vacuum metalized may possess improved quality because of improved quality control of the surface of the plastic material that is being coated by means of minimizing of the amount of flaws that are on the plastic surface resulting from the molding process. Furthermore, the metallization is to have an excellent adhesion with respect to the mirror surface 40 of the underlying plastic part
20.
[0032] Referring to FIG. I5 a method for fabricating the plastic spherical mirror, in which the plastic part 20 of relatively thin thickness holds its form/shape after being heated and cooled, may include a plurality of the following steps:
PART DESIGN
[0033] (a) designing the plastic part 20 so that the mirror surface 40 is supported for preventing distortion or twisting by designing a plurality of wall structures onto the entire edge of a mirror edge (SlOO);
(b) designing and placing a plurality of injection gates precisely with the intent of ensuring the elimination of remnants or knit lines created by plastic resin flow (S102);
(c) determining a preferred physical size of the plastic part 20 for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements and physical design requirements (S 104);
(d) designing and placing a plurality of support walls in the plastic part 20 so that the final design dimensions of the plastic part 20 matches that of a glass counterpart (S 106) ;
MATERIAL SELECTION
[0034] (e) selecting a plastic material formulation based upon an ability to resist deformation according to aplastic part 20 quality specification (S 108); MOLD TOOLING PROCESSING
[0035] (f) polishing a mirror surface of the metal mold to an excellent optical grade finish (SIlO);
(g) heating and/or chilling the mold cavity to form an optimal curvature on the mirror surface of the metal mold (Sl 12);
MIRROR FORMATION
[0036] (h) depositing a thin layer of a reflective metal coating on the mirror surface 40 of the plastic part 20 (S 114); and
(i) forming a protective overcoat onto the metalized mirror surface (S 116).
[0037] Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of a trimmed plastic part 25 for use for a plastic spherical mirror in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. [0038] Referring to FIG. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing the plastic spherical mirror 10, in which the plastic part 20 of a relative thickness sufficient to hold its form/shape after being heated and cooled, may include a plurality of the following steps: PARTDESIGN
[0039] (i) designing the plastic part 20 so that the mirror surface of the plastic part 20 is supported for preventing distortion or twisting by designing a plurality of ejector pins, for example, 28 ejector pins around the edge of the plastic part 20 serving to allow for part removal from the metal mold without distorting the surface geometry or damaging the mirror surface 40 finish (S200);
(ii) designing a plurality of plastic injection gates and placing the plastic injection gates precisely and evenly in the plastic part (S202);
(iii) determining a preferred physical size of the plastic part 20 for satisfying a plurality of optical performance requirements and physical design requirements (S204);
(iv) designing and placing a plurality of support walls strategically in the plastic part 20 (S206);
MATERIAL SELECTION
[0040] (v) selecting an optical-grade polycarbonate, polyetherimide, or PMMA
(acrylic) as the plastic material formulation for use as the plastic spherical mirror
(S208);
MOLD TOOLING PROCESSING
[0041] (vi) polishing the mirror surface of the metal mold to an Al finish, wherein the metal is fabricated using a high grade steel (S210);
(vii) heating and/or chilling a mold cavity to form an optimal curvature on the mirror surface of the metal mold (S212);
MIRROR FORMATION
[0042] (viii) depositing a thin layer of a reflective metal coating onto the mirror surface 40 of the plastic part 20 using vacuum metallization or vacuum deposition at preferably a thickness of, four to eight microns (S214);
(ix) spray coating a protective overcoat on the metalized mirror surface of the plastic part 20 (S216); and FINISHED PART INSPECTION
[0043] (x) maintaining sphericity on the mirror surface 40 of the plastic spherical mirror at a tolerance of +/- 0.05% (S218).
[0044] Referring to FIG. 4, a plastic part 20 directly after injection molding process in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The ejector pins 50 are disposed around the edge of the plastic part 20 to allow part removal from the metal mold without distorting the surface geometry or damaging the mirror surface 40.
[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

What is claimed is:
Claim 1: A method for fabricating a plastic spherical mirror, comprising: designing a plastic part with a mirror surface supported by a plurality of wall structures; providing a metal mold including mold for forming the plastic part according to the design specification provided in step (a); polishing a mirror surface of the metal mold to an Al optical grade finish; heating and or chilling the metal mold to form a curvature of the mirror surface of the metal mold; depositing a thin layer of a reflective metal coating on the mirror surface of the plastic part; and forming a protective overcoat on the reflective metal coating.
Claim 2: The method of claim 1, further comprising: designing and placing a plurality of injection gates; and determining a physical size of the plastic part.
Claim 3: The method of claim 1, further comprising: designing and placing a plurality of support walls in the plastic part so that final design dimensions of the plastic part match with that of a glass counterpart.
Claim 4: The method of claim 1, wherein the plastic material formulation is selected based upon satisfying a plurality of performance criteria relating to material strength, thermal stability, water absorption, mold shrinkage, material flow into the mold, UL recognition, manufacturing considerations, surface density, lubricant content, and scratch resistance.
Claim 5: The method of claim 1, wherein the plastic material formulation is selected from the group consisting of an optical-grade polycarbonate, a natural-grade polycarbonate, a UV-grade polycarbonate, a polyetherimide, a glass-filled grade polyetherimide, and a PMMA (acrylic).
PCT/US2007/076554 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Low-cost plastic spherical mirror Ceased WO2008024861A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07841226A EP2059385A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Low-cost plastic spherical mirror
CA2697145A CA2697145A1 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Low-cost plastic spherical mirror

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83974006P 2006-08-23 2006-08-23
US60/839,740 2006-08-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008024861A2 true WO2008024861A2 (en) 2008-02-28
WO2008024861A3 WO2008024861A3 (en) 2009-05-22

Family

ID=39107651

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/076566 Ceased WO2008024871A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Aerial-image display system with plastic mirror
PCT/US2007/076554 Ceased WO2008024861A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Low-cost plastic spherical mirror
PCT/US2007/076574 Ceased WO2008024878A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Aerial display system with low cost plastic spherical mirror
PCT/US2007/076568 Ceased WO2008024873A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Real image projection device having plastic curved mirror for improving image and correcting aberrations
PCT/US2007/076561 Ceased WO2008024867A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Projection system for aerial display of three-dimensional video images
PCT/US2007/076572 Ceased WO2008024876A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Vending machine having aerial display system

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/076566 Ceased WO2008024871A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Aerial-image display system with plastic mirror

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/076574 Ceased WO2008024878A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Aerial display system with low cost plastic spherical mirror
PCT/US2007/076568 Ceased WO2008024873A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Real image projection device having plastic curved mirror for improving image and correcting aberrations
PCT/US2007/076561 Ceased WO2008024867A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Projection system for aerial display of three-dimensional video images
PCT/US2007/076572 Ceased WO2008024876A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-08-22 Vending machine having aerial display system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (4) US20080048349A1 (en)
EP (6) EP2062166A4 (en)
CN (6) CN201044114Y (en)
CA (6) CA2697245A1 (en)
WO (6) WO2008024871A2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9230386B2 (en) 2008-06-16 2016-01-05 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Product providing apparatus, display apparatus, and method for providing GUI using the same
US11253933B2 (en) 2017-02-14 2022-02-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Non-orthogonal cube corner elements and arrays thereof made by end milling

Families Citing this family (80)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080051933A1 (en) * 2006-08-23 2008-02-28 Provision Interactive Technologies, Inc Vending machine having aerial display system
WO2008036561A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective corrector for optical projection engine
KR20090058379A (en) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-09 삼성전자주식회사 Image Projection Device
US20110261172A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2011-10-27 Terry Robert L Stereoscopic viewer
US8434878B2 (en) 2008-12-26 2013-05-07 Seiko Epson Corporation Proximity projector with a transmissive cover with modified reflectance properties
EP2412507A4 (en) * 2009-03-27 2012-11-07 Konica Minolta Opto Inc Resin molded article for optical element, method for manufacturing resin molded article for optical element, device for manufacturing resin molded article for optical element, and scanning optical device
KR101620914B1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2016-05-17 삼성전자주식회사 Optical System
CN105825781B (en) * 2010-10-14 2019-05-21 上海科斗电子科技有限公司 LED array embedded LED substrate is laminated
GB2486445B (en) * 2010-12-14 2013-08-14 Epson Norway Res And Dev As Camera-based multi-touch interaction apparatus system and method
CN102622915A (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-01 宁波名阳软件科技有限公司 Safety education integrated machine
US9039184B2 (en) * 2011-03-25 2015-05-26 Steve Zuloff Compact three-dimensional virtual display system
US8715079B1 (en) 2011-04-15 2014-05-06 Wms Gaming, Inc. Curved floating virtual display
US8562145B2 (en) 2011-06-22 2013-10-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Display system and method for projection onto non-planar surfaces
CN102855833A (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 时代光电科技股份有限公司 Virtual real image display device floating in air
TWI452549B (en) * 2011-10-12 2014-09-11 Univ Southern Taiwan A structure combining the fictitious image and the real object
WO2013170303A1 (en) * 2012-05-17 2013-11-21 Coca-Cola Amatil (Aust) Pty Limited Interactive display system
US9635305B1 (en) 2012-11-03 2017-04-25 Iontank, Ltd. Display apparatus including a transparent electronic monitor
US10684488B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2020-06-16 Newtonoid Technologies, L.L.C. Window system
EP2821986A1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-01-07 Roland Wolf Device and method for creating a spatial impression of depth from image information in a 2D image area
WO2015085370A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-18 Total Range Design Pty Ltd An electrical billboard
US20160055560A1 (en) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 Tofugear Limited System for facilitating point of sale transactions
CN104282244A (en) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-14 上海创幸计算机科技有限公司 Four-in-one phantom imaging system and control method thereof
US20160097929A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Dawson Yee See-through display optic structure
CN104570367B (en) * 2015-01-28 2018-12-18 深圳市安华光电技术有限公司 A kind of 3 d display device
US9840407B2 (en) * 2015-02-10 2017-12-12 Cornelius, Inc. Gesture interface for beverage dispenser
GB201508023D0 (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-06-24 Faraway Dominic Virtual imagery
US10372268B2 (en) * 2015-07-21 2019-08-06 Sony Corporation Spatial image display apparatus and spatial image display method
EP3131280B1 (en) 2015-08-13 2019-03-06 CHRONEXT Service Germany GmbH Photography system
CN106468792B (en) * 2015-08-19 2019-09-10 扬明光学股份有限公司 optical device
CN105139525B (en) * 2015-08-26 2018-12-14 碧塔海成都企业管理咨询有限责任公司 Automatic vending machine and automatic vending method
CN105184971A (en) * 2015-08-26 2015-12-23 碧塔海成都企业管理咨询有限责任公司 Shopping device
CN105205927B (en) * 2015-08-26 2018-07-13 碧塔海成都企业管理咨询有限责任公司 Automatic vending machine and automatic vending method
CN106886124B (en) * 2015-12-16 2019-02-01 深圳光峰科技股份有限公司 A kind of beam splitting arrangement, light-source system and optical projection system
JP2019514092A (en) * 2016-02-26 2019-05-30 ザ コカ・コーラ カンパニーＴｈｅ Ｃｏｃａ‐Ｃｏｌａ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ Touchless control graphical user interface
CN106028391B (en) * 2016-05-19 2020-12-01 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 People flow statistical method and device
CN106094078A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 深圳市昂特尔太阳能投资有限公司 A kind of injection hyperboloidal mirror and injection moulding process thereof
US10310284B1 (en) 2016-07-09 2019-06-04 Mary Gormley Waldron Apparatus and method for projecting three-dimensional holographic images
US11092821B1 (en) 2016-07-09 2021-08-17 Mary Gormley Waldron Apparatus and method for projecting three-dimensional holographic images
US11092724B1 (en) 2016-07-09 2021-08-17 Mary Gormley Waldron Apparatus and method for projecting three-dimensional holographic images
KR102445875B1 (en) 2017-01-03 2022-09-21 코닝 인코포레이티드 Vehicle interior system having curved cover glass and display or touch panel and method of forming same
US10264245B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2019-04-16 Walter Joseph FUNK Methods and system for generating three-dimensional spatial images
FR3064144B1 (en) * 2017-03-17 2021-06-18 Alioscopy AERIAL AND DEMATERIALIZED PROJECTION DEVICE OF A DIGITAL IMAGE OR A DIGITAL IMAGE SEQUENCE, IN PARTICULAR AN AUTO-STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE OR A SEQUENCE OF AUTO-STEREOSCOPIC IMAGES
CN107316392A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-11-03 深圳市国投创新科技有限公司 A kind of multi-functional charging pile
CN117962601A (en) 2017-07-18 2024-05-03 康宁公司 Cold forming of complex curved glass products
EP3681847B1 (en) 2017-09-12 2025-01-29 Corning Incorporated Tactile elements for deadfronted glass and methods of making the same
US11065960B2 (en) 2017-09-13 2021-07-20 Corning Incorporated Curved vehicle displays
CN107782456A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-03-09 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 A kind of ultrashort laser pulse measurement apparatus
CN107677379B (en) * 2017-09-30 2023-06-09 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 Femtosecond laser pulse waveform measuring device
TWI844520B (en) 2017-10-10 2024-06-11 美商康寧公司 Vehicle interior systems having a curved cover glass with improved reliability and methods for forming the same
WO2019103469A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. Aspheric mirror for head-up display system and methods for forming the same
JP7087368B2 (en) * 2017-12-13 2022-06-21 船井電機株式会社 Aerial image display device
CN108364354A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-08-03 广东鸿威国际会展集团有限公司 Display system based on artificial intelligence and method
CN110133947A (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-16 徐州江煤科技有限公司 A digital camera device suitable for mining
CN108303790A (en) * 2018-04-21 2018-07-20 梁雁飞 A kind of reflection imaging device
CN109064519B (en) * 2018-07-13 2021-10-08 云南大学 A method for calibrating a parabolic catadioptric camera by a straight line and asymptotes of a circle
CN111857739B (en) * 2019-04-29 2023-06-09 深圳市优必选科技有限公司 Method and device for storing program of Scratch measurement and control board
KR20220109379A (en) * 2019-12-06 2022-08-04 포틀, 아이엔씨. Holographic display device and method of use
CN113313978B (en) * 2020-02-27 2024-03-22 中强光电股份有限公司 Projection device
CN113470038B (en) * 2020-03-31 2024-07-16 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Video cutting method, device, electronic device and computer readable storage medium
CN111338015B (en) * 2020-04-17 2023-05-02 荆门市探梦科技有限公司 Reflective geometric holographic film based on two-dimensional characteristics and preparation method and application thereof
TWI721880B (en) * 2020-05-04 2021-03-11 川升股份有限公司 Dual-catr anechoic chamber and antenna measurement apparatus of the dual-catr anechoic chamber
CN111935229A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-13 北京云迹科技有限公司 Intelligent container pushing method and device and electronic equipment
CN112233158B (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-02-15 俐玛精密测量技术(苏州)有限公司 Secondary projection registration method of micro-nano CT projection image
CN112668539A (en) * 2021-01-06 2021-04-16 安徽省东超科技有限公司 Biological characteristic acquisition and identification system and method, terminal equipment and storage medium
CN112668540B (en) * 2021-01-06 2023-07-18 安徽省东超科技有限公司 Biological characteristic acquisition and recognition system and method, terminal equipment and storage medium
US20220308693A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-09-29 Innolux Corporation Image system
US12379532B2 (en) 2021-05-07 2025-08-05 Flightsafety International Inc. Lightweight rigid mirror and a method of producing a lightweight rigid mirror
JPWO2023022023A1 (en) * 2021-08-20 2023-02-23
CN114217441B (en) * 2021-12-22 2023-11-03 深圳创维新世界科技有限公司 Air suspension display module and system thereof
CN116974036A (en) * 2022-04-18 2023-10-31 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 An optical lens and camera module
CN114770504B (en) * 2022-04-26 2024-01-30 深圳优地科技有限公司 Robot control method, device, robot and storage medium
CN115086627B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-05-30 岚图汽车科技有限公司 Projector control method and device and vehicle
JP2025520711A (en) * 2022-06-24 2025-07-03 ビ－エイイ－ システムズ パブリック リミテッド カンパニ－ OPTICAL DEVICES AND METHODS
CN115685660B (en) * 2022-10-27 2026-03-17 武汉镱可思多媒体科技有限公司 An immersive script-based murder mystery game platform controlled by WeChat mini-program
CN115793115B (en) * 2022-11-08 2024-08-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Scattered light absorption device and system
JPWO2025069686A1 (en) * 2023-09-25 2025-04-03
JP2025137447A (en) * 2024-03-08 2025-09-19 インターマン株式会社 3D image display device
CN118145103B (en) * 2024-05-10 2024-07-05 汕头市虹桥包装实业有限公司 Integral lifting device for bunched self-supporting bags
CN119535808B (en) * 2024-11-27 2025-06-06 北京颐志益德文化科技有限公司 Imaging display device and method
CN120065547B (en) * 2025-04-25 2025-08-26 河南百合特种光学研究院有限公司 A desktop floating display system and design method

Family Cites Families (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL181416C (en) * 1976-03-29 1987-08-17 Philips Nv METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A METALLIZED PLASTIC REFLECTOR
US4781870A (en) * 1977-12-12 1988-11-01 Talbert John W Large mirror replication process
US4348187A (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-09-07 The Singer Company Aerial image visual display
US4802750A (en) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-07 Grand Mirage Real image projection system with two curved reflectors of paraboloid of revolution shape having each vertex coincident with the focal point of the other
DE4135796A1 (en) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-06 Goetz-Ulrich London Gb Wittek Cinema or theatre aroma distribution equipment - uses coded signals determined by performance to operate portable unit controlling mixture, duration, direction and intensity of aromas
US5311357A (en) * 1992-01-28 1994-05-10 Image Technology Associates Device for the creation of three-dimensional images
US5963872A (en) * 1993-03-04 1999-10-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Electronic equipment audio system
US5552934A (en) * 1994-03-18 1996-09-03 Spm Corporation Background reflection-reducing plano-beam splitter for use in real image projecting system
US5702649A (en) * 1995-03-10 1997-12-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Process and apparatus for producing contoured molded mirrors with improved optical properties
US5748485A (en) * 1995-04-11 1998-05-05 Laservend, Inc. Software vending machine having CD-ROM storage
US5798921A (en) * 1995-05-05 1998-08-25 Johnson; Todd M. Audio storage/reproduction system with automated inventory control
US5768142A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-06-16 American Greetings Corporation Method and apparatus for storing and selectively retrieving product data based on embedded expert suitability ratings
US5944403A (en) * 1996-11-15 1999-08-31 Krause; Detlef Virtual image projection device
US6318868B1 (en) * 1997-05-01 2001-11-20 Larussa Joseph A. Interactive virtual image store window
US6075194A (en) * 1997-07-08 2000-06-13 Gibson Guitar Corp. Component mount and components for musical instruments
US6260087B1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2001-07-10 Web Chang Embedded configurable logic ASIC
US6076638A (en) * 1999-04-22 2000-06-20 Disney Enterprises, Inc. Special effects elevator
US6598976B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-07-29 Optical Products Development Corp. Method and apparatus for image enhancement and aberration corrections in a small real image projection system, using an off-axis reflector, neutral density window, and an aspheric corrected surface of revolution
US6817716B1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2004-11-16 Stephen P. Hines Aerial-image display systems
WO2001042852A1 (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-14 Schermerhorn James G Olfactory special effects system
US6602475B1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-08-05 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus having electrostatic scent release
US6556272B1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-04-29 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus
US6470232B2 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-10-22 Hewlett-Packard Company Customized wrapping paper kiosk
JP2004523309A (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-08-05 ワールドステージ エルエルシー Integrated adaptive cinema, club and complex facilities
US20050094103A1 (en) * 2001-08-20 2005-05-05 Optical Products Development Corporation Real image projection system for gaming, ATM, vending machines, merchandising displays and related applications
US6733140B2 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-05-11 Optical Products Development Corp. Method of ghost reduction and transmission enhancement for a real image projection system
US6808268B2 (en) * 2001-09-18 2004-10-26 Provision Entertainment, Inc. Projection system for aerial display of three-dimensional video images
US6607275B1 (en) * 2002-03-20 2003-08-19 The Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. Merchandise display case and system
US20060232747A1 (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Provision Interactive Technologies, Inc., Aerial display system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9230386B2 (en) 2008-06-16 2016-01-05 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Product providing apparatus, display apparatus, and method for providing GUI using the same
US11253933B2 (en) 2017-02-14 2022-02-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Non-orthogonal cube corner elements and arrays thereof made by end milling
US11806795B2 (en) 2017-02-14 2023-11-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Security articles comprising groups of microstructures made by end milling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8279268B2 (en) 2012-10-02
WO2008024873A2 (en) 2008-02-28
CN201078759Y (en) 2008-06-25
CN201044012Y (en) 2008-04-02
CN201078765Y (en) 2008-06-25
EP2062163A2 (en) 2009-05-27
CN201044114Y (en) 2008-04-02
WO2008024878A3 (en) 2008-10-23
EP2062166A4 (en) 2009-12-09
CA2697243A1 (en) 2008-02-28
CA2697145A1 (en) 2008-02-08
WO2008024878A2 (en) 2008-02-28
US7614749B2 (en) 2009-11-10
EP2059851A2 (en) 2009-05-20
EP2062096A4 (en) 2009-12-09
EP2062166A2 (en) 2009-05-27
EP2074480A4 (en) 2009-12-09
US20080048349A1 (en) 2008-02-28
EP2062096A2 (en) 2009-05-27
WO2008024876A2 (en) 2008-02-28
EP2074480A2 (en) 2009-07-01
CA2697244A1 (en) 2008-02-28
CA2697240A1 (en) 2008-02-28
US20080049198A1 (en) 2008-02-28
EP2059851A4 (en) 2009-12-09
WO2008024876A3 (en) 2008-10-02
WO2008024873A3 (en) 2008-10-02
WO2008024861A3 (en) 2009-05-22
CA2697245A1 (en) 2008-02-28
CN201066406Y (en) 2008-05-28
EP2059385A2 (en) 2009-05-20
US7517090B2 (en) 2009-04-14
WO2008024871A2 (en) 2008-02-28
WO2008024871A3 (en) 2008-10-02
WO2008024867A2 (en) 2008-02-28
CA2697241A1 (en) 2008-02-28
US20080049151A1 (en) 2008-02-28
WO2008024867A3 (en) 2008-05-02
US20080049189A1 (en) 2008-02-28
CN201044013Y (en) 2008-04-02
EP2062163A4 (en) 2009-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20080048349A1 (en) Low-cost plastic spherical mirror
US11884032B2 (en) Production method for spectacle lens molding mold and production method for spectacle lens
US20210370553A1 (en) Production method for spectacle lens molding mold and production method for spectacle lens
US20070119212A1 (en) Axial symmetric molding glass lens, mold assembly for an axial symmetric molding glass lens, method for manufacturing a mold assembly for an axial symmetric molding glass lens and method for manufacturing an axial symmetric molding glass lens
US7415842B2 (en) Optical glass element and manufacturing method thereof
JP2002096335A (en) Mold for molding optical element and method for molding optical element
US5067800A (en) Composite optical article and method of manufacture thereof
GB2040785A (en) Producing polymer glass asherical optical elements
US5717532A (en) Reflection-type compound optical elements
JPH1134068A (en) Nesting, mold assembly and method of manufacturing molded article
US7411738B1 (en) Composite lens and method for manufacturing the same
US6238600B1 (en) Method of manufacturing a composite optical element
JP3578571B2 (en) Manufacturing method of automobile exterior parts and manufacturing method of automobile pillar
CN1715034A (en) Injection mold and injection molding apparatus
JP3578570B2 (en) Molding method of molded article using thermoplastic resin composition containing inorganic fiber
US6735844B2 (en) Method for fabricating a plastic optic element injection mold
JP4345123B2 (en) Resin bonded optical element and manufacturing method thereof
EP0919328B1 (en) Process for generating precision polished non-planar aspherical surfaces
US20060215270A1 (en) Lens element from diamond-turned thermoplastic resin
EP4644083A1 (en) Decorative molded article and production method for same
EP4186675A1 (en) Injection mold
JP3549341B2 (en) Molding method of molded article made of polymer alloy material
JPH08190007A (en) Optical reflection mirror and its production
CN116924662A (en) Compression molding method
Zhu et al. Optical aspheric lens design and lens mould processing method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07841226

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: RU

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007841226

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2697145

Country of ref document: CA