WO2009003335A1 - A synchronization and delay compensation method between baseband unit and radio frequency unit - Google Patents
A synchronization and delay compensation method between baseband unit and radio frequency unit Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009003335A1 WO2009003335A1 PCT/CN2007/003864 CN2007003864W WO2009003335A1 WO 2009003335 A1 WO2009003335 A1 WO 2009003335A1 CN 2007003864 W CN2007003864 W CN 2007003864W WO 2009003335 A1 WO2009003335 A1 WO 2009003335A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0682—Clock or time synchronisation in a network by delay compensation, e.g. by compensation of propagation delay or variations thereof, by ranging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system in the field of communications, and more particularly to a baseband and radio frequency system synchronization and delay compensation method for GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) / EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) .
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
- EDGE Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution
- GSM/EDGE is a TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) system in which the data of the wireless interface is transmitted and received in time slot order, although the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) protocol does not require strict network-wide time slot synchronization, but in a cell Or the wireless port in the synchronization cell must maintain slot synchronization.
- a GSM/EDGE base station including several transceivers acquires a synchronous clock source by synchronizing the network side clock with GPS (Global Positioning System) or freely oscillating to ensure all transceivers in the same cell or synchronized cell.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the wireless time slots of the machine are strictly synchronized.
- the distributed base station characterized by baseband and radio frequency separation is different from the traditional base station.
- the baseband and radio unit of the traditional base station are integrated, and the delay between the two is very small.
- the data synchronization between the baseband and the radio unit can be synchronized through the clock line. Signal resolution, delay is negligible; distributed base station baseband unit constitutes a shared baseband pool, which can connect multiple remote remote radio units, baseband and multiple remote radio units (Remote Radio Unit (RRU)
- RRU Remote Radio Unit
- the data transmission formats include two types:
- the Baseband Unit (BBU) and the Remote Radio Unit (RRU) read and write data by parsing the frame format, such as CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface, Common Public Radio). Interface)
- CPRI Common Public Radio Interface, Common Public Radio. Interface
- the second is to construct data packets on the TDM link.
- the BBU and the RRU correctly read and write data by identifying the packet header, and the OBSai (Open Base Station Architecture Initiative) protocol.
- the synchronization of the two methods is strictly dependent on the TDM link clock.
- the link clock is synchronized with the BBU.
- the RRU is synchronized with the link clock, and finally the RRU is synchronized with the BBU.
- such protocols only give link delay measurement and synchronization methods, and do not specify how to compensate for delays, especially for GSM/EDGE systems.
- Delay compensation can generally be achieved by sending data in advance or delaying the reception of data.
- the minimum granularity requirement for the transport protocol format between the BBU and the RU tends to limit the delay compensation accuracy, especially in the case of multiplexing multiple carriers on the same link.
- the basic unit of the frame format is a Chip. Therefore, the minimum granularity of relative delay between different carriers must be one chip, and the accuracy of delay compensation can only reach one chip.
- Signal transmission between the BBU and R U may also use other transmission protocols, and the link clock and frame format may vary greatly. In this case, strictly relying on the link clock for synchronization, or simply adjusting the data transmission or reception time can not accurately compensate the BBU and RRU link delay, and can not meet the accuracy requirements of the system for delay compensation.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for synchronizing and delaying the baseband and the radio frequency system, so as to achieve synchronization between the baseband and the radio frequency system, and at the same time achieve accurate compensation of the delay.
- the invention solves the problem that the prior art cannot adapt to different transmission protocols and the delay compensation precision is low.
- the baseband unit of the present invention that is, the BBU, uses a unified clock reference point, and the BBU system clock and the high-speed link clock between the BBU and the RRU are synchronized with the reference point clock.
- the transmission of the baseband and the radio frequency signals by means of the frame format or the construction of the data packet on the TDM link is not much different for the method according to the present invention. Therefore, the present invention describes the transmission form of the TDM link bearer data packet, of course. This method is also applicable to the case of transmitting data in a fixed frame format.
- the invention provides a method for synchronizing and delaying a baseband and a radio frequency system, in a baseband unit and phase Synchronization and delay compensation between several RF units connected, including the following steps:
- the baseband unit calculates the downlink offset of the baseband unit downlink offset AT d radio frequency unit, with the unified reference point clock as the reference and AT dl as the offset, inserting the downlink synchronization label in the downlink data link, in advance
- the AT dl or the delay (T syn - AT d i ) sends the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data to the radio unit, and sends the data to the radio unit through the upper layer signaling channel, where T syn is the system synchronization clock period;
- the radio unit extracts and restores the link clock between the baseband unit and the radio unit, acquires the downlink synchronization label, and the radio unit offset is read according to the obtained link clock in the last bit of the data synchronization header in the downlink synchronization tag. After the delay, the synchronous clock is triggered to synchronize the local system clock with the generated synchronous clock;
- the radio unit saves the downlink frame number and the slot number, and then transmits the downlink data. After delaying the system clock according to the synchronized system clock, the system receives the uplink data and fills the saved frame number and slot number. Incoming the uplink synchronization label, and transmitting the uplink synchronization label and the uplink data to the baseband unit through the uplink;
- the baseband unit acquires the uplink synchronization label, extracts and compares the data synchronization header, and after verifying that the uplink synchronization label is legal, extracts the frame number and the slot number information, and generates an interrupt according to the arrival time of the data synchronization header in the uplink synchronization label, The baseband unit receives the uplink data according to the interruption, and compares the uplink and downlink frame number slot numbers.
- step (1) may further be specifically divided into:
- the baseband unit calculates a downlink delay ⁇ between the baseband unit and the radio unit in the downlink, and divides the delay into a downlink offset of the baseband unit. ⁇ 5 dl , where - ⁇ , ⁇ is the minimum granularity duration of the transmission link frame format;
- the baseband unit is configured to insert a downlink synchronization tag in a downlink data link between the baseband and the radio frequency, and the offset of the downlink synchronization tag from the reference point clock is AT dl , and the baseband unit advances the AT by using a unified reference point clock.
- the downlink synchronization tag and the downlink data are transmitted by dl or delayed (T syn - ⁇ ⁇ 1 ), where T syn is the synchronization clock cycle of the system;
- the baseband unit will be sent to the radio unit via the upper layer signaling channel.
- the downlink synchronization tag includes a packet header Head, and the data payload Payload And CRC check three parts, of which:
- Data payload including the data synchronization header, the data synchronization header is a fixed special byte;
- the CRC is a checksum of the contents of the packet
- the data packet header includes:
- the address including the source address is the baseband unit address, and the destination address is the radio unit address;
- the data type indicates the type of data in the data packet, and the data type is a synchronization packet in the downlink synchronization label;
- a timestamp whose value is related to the data type.
- the data type is an isochronous packet, it indicates the start and end frame number and the slot number of the downlink time slot between two consecutive synchronization tags;
- the length of the data used to indicate the length information of the data.
- step (2) can be further specifically divided into:
- the radio unit extracts and restores the link clock between the baseband unit and the radio unit, finds the synchronization data label belonging to the radio unit according to the address and data type information in the packet header, and then reads and compares the data synchronization header. Extracting the frame number slot number information in the timestamp;
- the radio unit generates a synchronous clock according to the data synchronization header of the downlink synchronization tag, the link clock, and the downlink offset of the radio unit, and the radio frequency unit reads the last bit of the data synchronization header according to the link clock, and then delays triggering the synchronous clock. ;
- the radio unit synchronizes the local system clock with the generated synchronous clock to synchronize the clock of the RF unit with the baseband unit. Further, the step (3) may further be specifically divided into:
- the radio unit saves the frame number and the slot number of the downlink data, and then transmits the data from the antenna port;
- the radio unit delays the data of the three system time slots according to the system clock that has been synchronized with the baseband unit, and receives the uplink data, and generates an uplink synchronization label;
- the uplink synchronization tag includes a packet header Head, and the data payload Payload And CRC school- ⁇ three parts, of which:
- Data payload including the data synchronization header, the data synchronization header is a fixed special byte;
- the CRC is a checksum of the contents of the packet
- the data packet header includes:
- the address including the source address is the radio unit address, and the destination address is the baseband unit address;
- the data type indicates the type of data in the data packet, and the data type is a synchronization packet in the uplink synchronization label;
- a timestamp whose value is related to the data type.
- the data type is an isochronous packet, it indicates the start and end frame number and the slot number of the uplink time slot between two consecutive synchronization tags;
- the length of the data used to indicate the length information of the data.
- the fixed special byte refers to a byte that is different from general IQ data, which is pre-agreed by the baseband unit and the radio unit and the byte does not change between adjacent two appointments.
- the uplink and downlink synchronization labels include only the data synchronization header SynData and the frame number slot number
- the baseband unit and The radio unit determines the location of the synchronization tag by searching for SynData in the link, and generates a synchronization clock of the radio unit or a baseband unit reception interruption.
- step (4) is:
- the baseband unit acquires an uplink synchronization label and extracts and compares the data synchronization header therefrom;
- the baseband unit compares the received data synchronization header with the data synchronization header saved by the baseband unit itself. If the data synchronization is correct, the validity of the synchronization label is confirmed. If the error occurs, the uplink synchronization label may be continuously searched, and the uplink data synchronization header is compared. If there is still no valid synchronization label for more than a certain period of time, the alarm is given.
- the present invention also provides a method for synchronizing and delaying a baseband and a radio frequency system, and implementing uplink synchronization and delay compensation between the baseband unit and a plurality of connected radio units, including the following steps:
- the radio unit that is downlink-synchronized with the baseband unit saves the downlink frame number and slot number after transmitting the downlink data and transmits the downlink data, and delays the system according to the synchronized system clock.
- the step label and the uplink data are sent to the baseband unit through the uplink;
- the baseband unit acquires the uplink synchronization label, extracts and compares the data synchronization header, and after verifying that the uplink synchronization label is legal, extracts the frame number and the slot number information, and generates an interrupt according to the arrival time of the data synchronization header in the uplink synchronization label, The baseband unit receives the uplink data according to the interruption, and compares the uplink and downlink frame number slot numbers.
- the uplink synchronization tag includes a data packet header, a data payload, a payload, and a CRC check, where:
- Data payload including the data synchronization header, the data synchronization header is a fixed special byte;
- the CRC is a checksum of the contents of the packet
- the data packet header includes:
- the address includes a source address of a radio frequency unit address and a destination address as a baseband unit address; a data type indicating a type of data in the data packet, and the data type is a synchronization packet in the uplink synchronization label;
- a timestamp whose value is related to the data type.
- the data type is an isochronous packet, it indicates the start and end frame number and the slot number of the uplink time slot between two consecutive synchronization tags;
- the length of the data used to indicate the length information of the data.
- step (2) the step of comparing the data synchronization headers in step (2) is:
- the baseband unit acquires the uplink synchronization label and extracts and compares the data synchronization header therefrom; (202) the baseband unit compares the received data synchronization header with the data synchronization header saved by the baseband unit itself, and if the labels are correct, the synchronization label is confirmed. Legitimacy; If it is wrong, you can continue to search for the upstream synchronization label, compare the upstream data synchronization header, and if there is still no valid synchronization label for more than a certain period of time, report the alarm.
- the uplink synchronization label includes only two parts of the data synchronization header SynData and the frame number slot number, the baseband unit and the radio frequency.
- the unit determines the location of the synchronization tag by searching for SynData in the link, generating a synchronization clock of the radio unit or a baseband unit reception interruption.
- the fixed special byte refers to a byte that is different from general IQ data, which is pre-agreed by the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit and the byte does not change between adjacent two appointments.
- the present invention also provides a method for synchronizing and delaying a baseband and a radio frequency system, and implementing downlink synchronization and delay compensation between the baseband unit and a plurality of connected radio units, including the following steps:
- the baseband unit calculates the baseband unit downlink offset AT dl and the radio unit downlink offset ⁇ , based on the unified reference point clock, AT dl is the offset, and the downlink synchronization is inserted in the downlink data link.
- the tag, the AT dl or the delayed (T syn - AT dl ) sends the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data to the radio unit, and sends the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data to the radio unit through the upper layer signaling channel, where T syn is the system synchronization clock period;
- the radio unit extracts and restores the link clock between the baseband unit and the radio unit, acquires the downlink synchronization label, and the radio unit offset is read according to the obtained link clock in the last bit of the data synchronization header in the downlink synchronization tag. After the delay, the synchronous clock is triggered to synchronize the local system clock with the generated synchronous clock.
- step (1) can be further divided into:
- the baseband unit calculates a downlink delay ⁇ between the baseband unit and the radio unit in the downlink, and divides the delay into a baseband unit downlink offset! ⁇ and the RF unit downlink offset, , K is the minimum granularity duration of the transmission link frame format;
- the baseband unit is configured to insert a downlink synchronization label in a downlink data link between the baseband and the radio frequency, and the offset of the downlink synchronization label from the reference point clock is ⁇ T dl , and the baseband unit is advanced.
- the downlink synchronization tag and the downlink data are transmitted at the time of eight or delayed (T syn - AT dl ), where T syn is the synchronization clock cycle of the system;
- the baseband unit will be sent to the radio unit via the upper layer signaling channel.
- the downlink synchronization label includes a data packet header, a data payload, a payload, and a CRC check, where:
- Data payload including the data synchronization header, the data synchronization header is a fixed special byte;
- the CRC is a checksum of the contents of the packet;
- the data packet header includes:
- the address including the source address is the baseband unit address, and the destination address is the radio unit address;
- the data type indicates the type of data in the data packet, and the data type is a synchronization packet in the downlink synchronization label;
- a timestamp whose value is related to the data type.
- the data type is an isochronous packet, it indicates the start and end frame number and the slot number of the downlink time slot between two consecutive synchronization tags;
- the length of the data used to indicate the length information of the data.
- step (2) can be further divided into:
- the radio unit extracts and restores the link clock between the baseband unit and the radio unit, finds the synchronization data label belonging to the radio unit according to the address and data type information in the packet header, and then reads and compares the data synchronization header. Extracting the frame number slot number information in the timestamp;
- the radio unit generates a synchronous clock according to the data synchronization header of the downlink synchronization tag, the link clock, and the downlink offset of the radio unit, and the radio frequency unit reads the last bit of the data synchronization header according to the link clock, and then delays triggering the synchronous clock. ;
- the radio unit synchronizes the local system clock with the generated synchronous clock to synchronize the clock of the RF unit with the baseband unit.
- the above method is also applicable when the signal between the BBU and the RRU is transmitted by constructing a frame format, and the only difference is that the uplink and downlink synchronization labels have no data header, but include synchronous data, that is, SynData and frame number slots.
- the two parts of the BBU and the RRU determine the location of the synchronization tag by searching SynData in the link, generating the synchronization clock of the RU or the BBU reception interruption, and the steps of other synchronization and delay compensation are the same as in the technical solution of the present invention.
- the synchronization and delay compensation method of the present invention is based on the high-speed link between the BBU and the RU, and synchronizes the BBU and the RU through the time label: in the downlink direction, when the link is adjusted by the two-stage delay adjustment of the BBU and the RRU Delay compensation; In the upstream direction, the link delay is compensated by data driving to generate a baseband reception interrupt.
- the method of the invention realizes synchronization between the baseband and the radio frequency system, and at the same time realizes accurate compensation of the delay. This method can adapt the signal between GSM/EDGE baseband and radio to different transmission protocols. This method is also suitable for transmitting data in fixed frame format. Condition.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of synchronization and delay compensation of a baseband unit BBU and a remote radio unit RRU according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a format of a synchronization tag in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the synchronization and delay compensation method of the present invention is based on a high-speed link between the BBU and the RRU, and synchronizes the BBU and the RRU by using a time label: in the downlink direction, when the link is implemented by the two-stage delay adjustment of the BBU and the RRU Delay compensation; In the upstream direction, the link delay is compensated by data driving to generate a baseband reception interrupt.
- This approach allows the signals between the baseband and RF of GSM/EDGE to be adapted to different transmission protocols.
- the baseband has a large capacity.
- a baseband unit or baseband pool can connect multiple RF units.
- the RF units are distributed in different physical areas and connected to the baseband through a high-speed TDM link.
- RRUs located in different geographical locations can be configured as synchronous cells or asynchronous cells as needed.
- FIG 1 the networking diagram of the connection between the baseband unit (BBU, Baseband Unit) and multiple remote radio units (RRUs) is shown.
- BBU Baseband Unit
- RRU1 RRU2, and RRU3 are connected to the BBU through fiber cascading
- RRU4 and RRU5 are point-to-point connections with the baseband.
- the networking of the R U and the BBU also includes a network form such as a ring network and a tree network.
- a network form such as a ring network and a tree network.
- the length of the fiber between the baseband and the radio unit, and between the cascaded RRUs is different, so the delay caused by the fiber link is also different.
- the present invention does not elaborate on the delay measurement.
- the fiber link delay between the BBU and the RRU, the RRU processing delay, the optical port between the RRU, and the delay value between the optical port and the antenna port are regarded as known.
- the amount can be measured by using existing measurement methods, which is not a part of the discussion of the present invention.
- the BBU described in the present invention uses a unified clock reference point, and the BBU system clock and the high speed link clock between the BBU and the RRU are synchronized with the reference point clock.
- the transmission of baseband and radio frequency signals by frame format or constructing data packets on the TDM link is not much different for the method according to the present invention. Therefore, the present invention provides an exemplary description of the transmission form of the TDM link bearer data packet. Of course, this method is also applicable to the case of transmitting data in a fixed frame format.
- the synchronization and delay compensation methods of the baseband and the radio frequency system are as follows in the downstream direction and the uplink direction.
- the BBU calculates the downlink delay between the BBU and the RU in the downlink, and then divides the delay into two parts: the BBU downlink offset 8 and the RRU downlink offset, where the accuracy of the AT dl is equal to the BBU and the RRU.
- the length of the minimum data granularity in the downlink frame format; (3 ⁇ 4 is the difference from the actual downlink delay, and its accuracy satisfies the accuracy requirements of the GSM/EDGE system synchronization.
- the BBU inserts a downlink synchronization label into the downlink data link between the baseband unit and the radio unit based on a unified reference point clock.
- the offset of the downlink synchronization label from the reference point clock is AT dl
- the BBU sends the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data in advance AT dl , or delays the transmission of the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data ( T syn - AT dl ), where T syn Synchronize clock cycles for GSM/EDGE.
- the downlink synchronization tag includes a data packet header (Head), a data payload (payload), and a CRC school insurance. among them:
- Header including address (Address), data type (Type), time stamp (Tstamp), data length (Length);
- Address includes the source address (BBU address) and the destination address (the address of the RRU);
- Type indicates the type of Payload in the packet, which is divided into an isochronous packet, a service packet, a control packet, an idle packet, etc., in the downlink synchronization label.
- the type is the synchronization packet; the meaning of the timestamp (Tstamp) is related to the Type.
- Tstamp indicates the start and end frame number and the slot number of the downlink time slot between two consecutive synchronization labels.
- Tstamp represents the relative chronological order of the Payload data.
- Data payload (Payload), including data synchronization header (SynData), SynData is baseband A fixed special byte that is agreed with the RF unit. Special bytes are bytes that differ from normal IQ (in-phase and quadrature) data, such as a fixed number of fixed numbers 7FFFFFFF, which can be generated by a random sequence. The number of bits is determined according to needs. The higher the number of bits, the smaller the probability of duplication with other IQ data.) Fixed means that the byte is already agreed by the BBU and the RRU, and the byte does not change between adjacent two conventions.
- the BBU will send to the RRU through the upper layer signaling channel.
- the upper layer signaling channel For example, an HDLC signaling channel or an Ethernet signaling channel in the CPRI protocol.
- the RRU extracts and restores the link clock between the BBU and the RRU, finds the synchronous data label belonging to the RRU according to the address and data type information in the packet header, and then reads and compares
- SynData extracts information such as the frame number slot number in Tstamp.
- the RRU generates a synchronous clock according to the conditions of the SynData, the link clock and the U downlink offset of the downlink synchronization label, in which the RRU delays the synchronous clock after reading the last bit of the SynData according to the link clock. . Then, the RRU synchronizes the local system clock with the generated synchronous clock to synchronize the clock between the RRU and the BBU.
- the RRU saves the frame number and the slot number of the downlink data, and then transmits the number ⁇ from the antenna port; then, delays the time of 3 GSM/EDGE time slots according to the system clock that has been synchronized with the BBU, and receives the uplink data. And generating an uplink synchronization label, and transmitting the uplink synchronization label and the uplink data to the BBU through the uplink.
- the uplink synchronization tag also includes three parts: a data packet header (Head), a data (Payload), and a CRC check. among them:
- Header including address (Address), data type (Type), time stamp (Tstamp), data length (Length);
- Address includes the source address (the address of the RRU) and the destination address (the BBU address);
- Type indicates the type of the Payload in the packet, which is divided into the synchronization packet, the data packet, the control packet, and the idle packet, etc.
- the type in the tag is the synchronization packet; the meaning of the timestamp (Tstamp)
- Tstamp represents the start and end frame number and slot number of the downlink time slot between two consecutive synchronization labels.
- Tstamp indicates the relative time of the Payload data.
- the frame number and the slot number in the Tstamp are the same as the frame number slot number of the downlink data saved by the RRU.
- SynData is a fixed fixed special byte for baseband and RF unit; special byte refers to the difference between the byte with general IQ synchronization and orthogonal data, for example, the value is very
- 7FFFFFFF this byte can be generated by a random sequence, the number of bits is determined according to needs, the more bits, the smaller the probability of repeating with other IQ data.
- the CRC check bit is used to perform C C loop check on the contents of the packet.
- the BBU receives the uplink synchronization label from the RU according to the address and data type of the data packet, and extracts a data synchronization header (SynData) in the data, and then compares the extracted SynData with the agreed data synchronization header to further verify the uplink.
- SynData data synchronization header
- the legality of the synchronization label After the validity of the SyData is passed, the slot number information of the Tstamp frame number is extracted. If the synchronization label is invalid, the process of step 7) is repeated. After a certain time threshold, the legal synchronization label cannot be found.
- the upper layer software reports the synchronization alarm.
- comparison data synchronization header The purpose of the comparison data synchronization header is to determine whether the data synchronization header is correct, because the data synchronization header SynData is a fixed special byte, and the baseband compares the received SynData with its own saved SynData to further verify its correctness. If it is correct, confirm the legality of the synchronization label. If it is wrong, you can continue to search for the upstream synchronization label. Compare the upstream SynData. If there is no valid synchronization label for more than a certain period of time, report the alarm.
- the BBU generates an interrupt based on the SynData arrival time in the RRU's upstream synchronization tag.
- the baseband unit compares the uplink and downlink frame numbers with the slot number matching according to the interrupt receiving the uplink data and the frame number slot number information. Since the frame number and the slot number are both continuous and periodic.
- the purpose of extracting the uplink and downlink frame numbers and time slot numbers is to let the BBU know that the uplink time slots are corresponding to the downlink real time slots.
- the GSM/EDGE protocol multiple user data are carried over the time slot in the wireless interface, and each time slot or every several time slots carries one user's service data, and the uplink time slot ratio bearer carrying the same user service data is carried.
- the time of the downlink time slot of the user service data is 3 slots later.
- the Nth time slot of the Mth frame in the downlink direction transmits the service data of the user A
- the uplink time slot received after the time of the three time slots must be the uplink service data of the user A.
- the GSM/EDGE protocol specifies that the uplink time slot (the user A's uplink service data is occupied by the three times slot time) relative to the downlink time slot.
- the time slot) is still represented by the Nth time slot of the Mth frame.
- the uplink and downlink frame numbers and time slots are placed in the Tstamp, that is, the BBU sends the frame number and the slot number of the downlink slot or the start and end frame number and the slot number of the multiple slots to the RRU through Tstamp.
- the RRU saves the frame number and the slot number, and transmits the downlink time slot from the wireless port.
- the uplink time slot is received at 3 time slots later than the downlink time slot, and then the uplink synchronization tag is added.
- the frame number and the time slot number of the Tstamp in the tag are the downlink frame number and the slot number saved by the RRU.
- the synchronization between the BBU and the RRU is implemented by using a downlink synchronization label, and the RRU generates a synchronization clock after receiving the downlink synchronization label, and then the local system clock of the RRU is synchronized with the clock, thereby implementing The synchronization between the RRU and the BBU.
- Downstream delay compensation is achieved through two levels of time adjustment:
- the first level adjustment is implemented in the BBU, and the BBU according to step 2) adjusts the downlink offset AT dl , which is calculated according to the downlink transmission link delay between the BBU and the RRU.
- the BBU sends downlink synchronization labels and data in advance or deferred time to compensate for the delay of the transmission link. Due to the minimum granularity duration in the transmission link frame format and the limitation of carrier multiplexing, the delay ⁇ of the actual transmission link may not be an integer multiple relationship with the minimum granularity duration ⁇ of the transmission link frame format.
- the present invention defines AT dl as follows:
- ⁇ ⁇ 1 ([ ⁇ / ⁇ ]+ ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇
- the synchronous clock is generated according to the downlink synchronization label.
- the advantage of this method of the present invention is that the time label is used as the synchronization medium of the BBU and the RRU, which reduces the link clock and frame format requirements of the BBU and the RRU system, and multiple transmission chains can be used between the BBU and the RRU of the GSM/EDGE. Road, reduce system costs.
- the downstream two-stage delay compensation offset setting accurately compensates for the downlink delay and also reduces the data granularity requirements for link multiplexing.
- the system clock of the RRU is synchronized with the BBU, and the downlink transmission and uplink reception of the GSM/EDGE system are based on the system clock of the RRU.
- the uplink and downlink transmission and reception clocks of the same user in the GSM/EDGE system differ by three time slots, that is, relative to the downlink transmission, the delay of three time slots can receive the uplink data of the user.
- the RU saves the frame number and the slot number of the time slot in the downlink synchronization tag, and then fills the frame number and the slot number into the uplink synchronization tag after the delay of the three time slots, and sends the data to the BBU together with the data of the uplink time slot. .
- the BBU parses the uplink synchronization tag by the method described in steps 7) to 8), triggers the baseband unit data reception interruption, and the baseband unit demodulates the received data, and compares the uplink and downlink frame number slot numbers.
- the uplink receiving mode does not need to compensate the uplink link delay in the BBU and the RRU, and can correctly receive data.
- Upstream synchronization of the RU and the BBU is implemented by the synchronization label.
- the GSM/EDGE uplink and downlink synchronization reference is implemented in the RRU, which makes the uplink link delay become the internal delay of the system.
- the present invention triggers the data reception of the baseband unit by using the synchronization label.
- the method of tracking and comparing the interruption of the frame number and the slot number of the frame number realizes the correct reception of the baseband data without compensating for the uplink delay.
- the above method is also applicable when the signal between the BBU and the RRU is transmitted by constructing a frame format, and the only difference is that the uplink and downlink synchronization tags have no data header, but include two SynData and frame number slot numbers.
- the BBU and the RRU determine the location of the synchronization tag by searching for SynData in the link, generating a synchronization clock of the RRU or a BBU reception interruption, and the other synchronization and delay compensation steps are the same.
- RRU1 Based on the system networking shown in FIG. 1 and the above-mentioned setting parameters, the steps of the method for synchronizing and delay compensation of the present invention are described by taking RRU1 as an example, as follows:
- Step 1 The BBU first calculates the link delay of the BBU and the RRU1.
- the link delay of the RRU1 is ⁇ 1, and the two-stage delay offset of the BBU and R U1 is calculated.
- Step 2 Perform synchronization and delay compensation in the downstream direction.
- the BBU inserts the downlink synchronization label and the downlink data in the link with respect to the local 60 ms synchronization clock and the time of the AT dl .
- the synchronization tag is sent every 60ms, including address, data type, data length, SynData consisting of fixed special characters, frame number and slot number of the slot within 60ms, and CRC check frame number and slot number.
- the BBU will send to R U1 through the upper layer signaling channel.
- the upper layer signaling channel For example, an HDLC signaling channel or an Ethernet signaling channel in the CPRI protocol.
- RRU1 receives the data sent by the BBU to itself according to the address and data type of the data packet, and extracts and compares the SynData composed of fixed special characters.
- RRU1 generates a 60ms synchronization clock by delaying the delay of ⁇ 5 dl from the last bit of SynData in the downlink synchronization tag, and then synchronizing the local system clock (52MHz) of RRU1 with 60ms, thereby synchronizing RRU1 and BBU.
- Step 3 Perform synchronization and delay compensation in the upstream direction.
- RRU1 parses the downlink frame number and slot number and saves them. 5) Based on 60ms, RRU1 generates all clocks for GSM/EDGE transmission and reception, and then transmits each time slot in sequence. According to the agreement, the uplink receiving clock of the RRU1 wireless port is three times later than the downlink transmitting clock. After receiving the data of the uplink time slot, the RRU1 inserts an uplink synchronization tag in the uplink.
- the uplink synchronization tag contains the address, data type, data length, SynData consisting of fixed special characters, frame number and slot number, and CRC check information.
- the frame number and the slot number are the frame number and slot number of the downlink synchronization label saved by RRU1.
- the upstream synchronization tag is sent once in 60ms.
- the BBU receives the uplink synchronization label according to the address and data type of the data packet, extracts and compares the data synchronization header composed of the fixed special characters, and then triggers the interruption of the uplink data of the baseband unit to start receiving, and the interruption interval is 15/26 ms.
- the baseband unit receives the data according to the interruption, and compares whether the uplink and downlink frame numbers and the slot number are consistent.
- RRU1 achieves synchronization and delay compensation for GSM/EDGE baseband and radio units by the above method.
- RRU2 the downlink delay of RRU2 is ⁇ + ⁇ ⁇ + ⁇ 2, ⁇ ⁇ is the processing delay of RRU1, and %2 is between RRU1 and RRU2.
- Link delay All RRUs are synchronized with the BBU, and the delays from the RU to the antenna port are equal. Therefore, RRU1 and R U2 in Cell 1 are synchronized, and Cell 1 and Cell 2 are also synchronized.
- a synchronization and delay compensation method between a baseband unit and a radio frequency system of the present invention is applicable to baseband and GSM (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) Synchronization and delay compensation for the RF system.
- GSM Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution
- the BBU and R U are synchronized by the uplink and downlink time labels.
- the invention realizes the synchronization between the baseband and the radio frequency system, and realizes the accurate compensation of the delay, so that the signal between the baseband and the radio frequency of the GSM/EDGE can be adapted to different transmission protocols, and the method is also suitable for transmitting in a fixed frame format. The situation of the data.
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Description
一种基带与射频系统同歩和时延补偿方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域的无线通信系统, 特别是涉及 GSM (全球移动通 信系统) /EDGE ( Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution, 提高数据速率的 GSM演进技术) 的基带和射频系统的同步和时延补偿方法。
背景技术
GSM/EDGE是一个 TDM (时分复用)系统, 无线口的数据按照时隙顺序 进行收发, 虽然 3GPP (第三代合作伙伴项目)协议没有要求严格的全网时 隙同步, 但是, 在一个小区或同步小区内无线口必须保持时隙同步。 一般情 况下, 包含若干收发信机的 GSM/EDGE基站通过同步网络侧时钟, 与 GPS (全球定位系统)同步或自由振荡等方式获取一个同步时钟源, 来保证同一 小区或同步小区内所有收发信机的无线时隙严格同步。
以基带和射频分离为特征的分布式基站与传统基站有所不同,传统基站 的基带和射频单元一体化, 两者之间的时延非常小,基带和射频单元数据同 步可以通过时钟线传送同步信号解决, 时延可以忽略不计; 分布式基站基带 单元组成一个共享的基带池, 可以连接多个拉远的远端射频单元,基带和和 多个远端射频单元 Remote Radio Unit ( RRU )的时延比较大, 因此这种架构 中必须考虑数据同步和时延补偿的问题。
目前, 基带和射频系统射频单元之间数据传输一般是通过高速 TDM (时 分复用)链路实现的, 数据传输格式包括两种:
一是在 TDM链路上定义一套帧格式, 基带单元 BBU ( Baseband Unit ) 和远端射频单元 RRU ( Remote Radio Unit )通过解析帧格式读写数据, 如 CPRI (通用公共无线电接口, Common Public Radio Interface )协议;
二是在 TDM链路上构造数据包, BBU和 RRU通过识别数据包头来正 确读写数据, 口 OBSAi ( Open Base Station Architecture Initiative , 开放式基 站架构计划)协议。
这两种方法的同步方式是都是严格的依赖 TDM链路时钟实现的, 链路 时钟与 BBU同步, 然后, RRU与链路时钟同步, 最终实现 RRU与 BBU的 同步。 但是, 这类协议只给出链路时延测量和同步方法, 没有具体说明如何 进行补偿时延, 特别是对 GSM/EDGE系统的时延补偿方法。
时延补偿一般可以通过提前发送数据或延后接收数据的方法来实现。
BBU和 R U之间传输协议格式对数据最小粒度要求往往会限制时延补偿精 度, 特别是在同一条链路上复用多个载波的情况下, 这种限制体现的更为明 显。 例如, CPRI协议中帧格式的基本单位为一个 Chip (码片) , 那么, 不 同载波之间的相对延时的最小粒度必须为一个 chip,时延补偿的精度只能达 到一个 chip量级。
BBU和 R U之间的信号传输也可能采用其他的传输协议, 链路时钟以 及帧格式可能有较大的差异。 在这种情况下, 严格依赖链路时钟进行同步, 或者仅简单的调整数据发送或接收时间无法精确补偿 BBU和 RRU链路时 延, 不能满足系统对时延补偿的精度要求。
针对上述情况, 就需要一种适于 GSM/EDGE基带和射频系统的同步和 时延补偿方法, 以便使 GSM/EDGE基带和射频之间的信号传输适应不同的 传输协议, 并进行精确的时延补偿。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种基带与射频系统同步和时延 补偿方法,使得基带和射频系统之间实现同步,同时实现对时延的精确补偿。 解决现有技术中无法适应不同传输协议且时延补偿精度低的问题。
本发明所述的基带单元即 BBU使用统一的时钟参考点, BBU系统时钟 以及 BBU和 RRU之间的高速链路时钟都与参考点时钟同步。 在 TDM链路 上通过帧格式或构造数据包的方式传输基带和射频信号对于本发明所述的 方法来说差别不大, 因此, 本发明针对 TDM链路承载数据包的传输形式进 行描述, 当然, 这种方法也适用于用固定帧格式传输数据的情况。
本发明提供一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法,在基带单元与相
连的若干射频单元之间实现同步和时延补偿, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 )基带单元计算得到基带单元下行偏移量 ATd 射频单元下行偏移 量 , 以统一的参考点时钟为基准、 ATdl为偏移量, 在下行数据链路中插 入下行同步标签, 提前 ATdl或延后 ( Tsyn - ATdi )向射频单元发送下行同步 标签和下行数据, 并通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元, 其中 Tsyn为 系统同步时钟周期;
( 2 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟、 获取 下行同步标签以及射频单元偏移量 根据获得的链路时钟在下行同步标 签中的数据同步头的最后一个比特读取之后延迟 触发同步时钟, 将本地 系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步;
( 3 )射频单元保存下行的帧号和时隙号后将下行数据发射出去, 根据 同步后的系统时钟延时 3个系统时隙后,接收上行数据并将保存的帧号和时 隙号填入上行同步标签,将上行同步标签和上行数据通过上行链路发送至基 带单元;
( 4 )基带单元获取上行同步标签, 从中提取并比对数据同步头, 验证 上行同步标签合法后,提取帧号和时隙号信息,根据上行同步标签中数据同 步头的到达时间产生中断, 由基带单元根据中断接收上行数据, 并比较上下 行的帧号时隙号。
进一步地, 所述步骤 ( 1 )进一步可具体分为:
( 102 )基带单元以统一的参考点时钟为基准, 在基带和射频之间的下 行数据链路中插入下行同步标签, 下行同步标签与参考点时钟的偏移量为 ATdl,基带单元提前 ATdl或者延后 ( Tsyn - ΔΤά1 )的时间发送下行同步标签和 下行数据, 其中 Tsyn为系统的同步时钟周期;
( 103 )基带单元通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元。
进一步地, 所述下行同步标签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload
和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为基带单元地址、 和目的地址为射频单元地址; 数据类型,表示数据包中数据的类型, 在下行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间下行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
进一步地, 步骤(2 )进一步可具体分为:
( 201 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟, 根 据数据包头中的地址和数据类型信息, 找到属于本射频单元的同步数据标 签, 然后读取并对比数据同步头, 提取时间戳中的帧号时隙号信息;
( 202 )射频单元根据下行同步标签的数据同步头、 链路时钟和射频单 元下行偏移量 产生同步时钟, 由射频单元根据链路时钟读取数据同步头 最后一个比特之后, 再延迟 触发同步时钟;
( 203 )射频单元将本地系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步, 从而实现射 频单元与基带单元的时钟同步。 进一步地, 所述步骤(3 )进一步可具体分为:
( 301 )射频单元保存下行数据的帧号和时隙号, 然后把数据从天线口 发射出去;
( 302 )射频单元根据已经与基带单元同步的系统时钟延时 3个系统时 隙的时间后, 接收上行的数据, 并产生上行同步标签;
单元。 进一步地, 所述上行同步标签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload
和 CRC校-睑三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为射频单元地址、 和目的地址为基带单元地址; 数据类型,表示数据包中数据的类型, 在上行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间上行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
进一步地, 所述固定的特殊字节, 是指区别于一般 IQ数据的字节, 该 字节由基带单元和射频单元事先约定且在相邻两次约定之间字节不会改变。
进一步地,若基带单元和射频单元之间的信号是通过构造帧格式的方式 传输时, 所述上、 下行同步标签中仅包含数据同步头 SynData和帧号时隙号 两个部分,基带单元和射频单元通过在链路中搜索 SynData来确定同步标签 的位置, 生成射频单元的同步时钟或基带单元接收中断。
进一步地, 步驟(4 ) 中比对数据同步头的步驟为:
( 401 )基带单元获取上行同步标签并从中提取并比对数据同步头;
( 402 )基带单元将收到的数据同步头和基带单元自己保存的数据同步 头对比, 如果正确一致, 确认同步标签的合法性; 如果错误, 可以继续搜索 上行同步标签,对比上行的数据同步头, 超过一定时间仍没有合法的同步标 签, 则上 4艮告警。
本发明还提供一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法,在基带单元与 相连的若干射频单元之间实现上行方向同步和时延补偿, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 与基带单元下行同步的射频单元, 在收到下行数据后保存下行的 帧号和时隙号并将下行数据发射出去,根据同步的系统时钟延时 3个系统时
步标签和上行数据通过上行链路发送至基带单元;
( 2 )基带单元获取上行同步标签, 从中提取并比对数据同步头, 验证 上行同步标签合法后,提取帧号和时隙号信息,根据上行同步标签中数据同 步头的到达时间产生中断, 由基带单元根据中断接收上行数据, 并比较上下 行的帧号时隙号。
进一步地, 所述上行同步标签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload 和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为射频单元地址、 和目的地址为基带单元地址; 数据类型, 表示数据包中数据的类型, 在上行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间上行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
进一步地, 步骤(2 ) 中比对数据同步头的步骤为:
( 201 )基带单元获取上行同步标签并从中提取并比对数据同步头; ( 202 )基带单元将收到的数据同步头和基带单元自己保存的数据同步 头对比, 如果正确一致, 确认同步标签的合法性; 如果错误, 可以继续搜索 上行同步标签, 对比上行的数据同步头,超过一定时间仍没有合法的同步标 签, 则上报告警。
进一步地,若基带单元和射频单元之间的信号是通过构造帧,格式的方式 传输时,所述上行同步标签中仅包含数据同步头 SynData和帧号时隙号两个 部分,基带单元和射频单元通过在链路中搜索 SynData来确定同步标签的位 置, 生成射频单元的同步时钟或基带单元接收中断。
进一步地, 所述固定的特殊字节, 是指区别于一般 IQ数据的字节, 该 字节由基带单元和射频单元事先约定且在相邻两次约定之间字节不会改变。
本发明还提供一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法,在基带单元与 相连的若干射频单元之间实现下行方向同步和时延补偿, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 )基带单元计算得到基带单元下行偏移量 ATdl和射频单元下行偏移 量^ η , 以统一的参考点时钟为基准, ATdl为偏移量, 在下行数据链路中插 入下行同步标签, 提前 ATdl或延后(Tsyn - ATdl )向射频单元发送下行同步 标签和下行数据, 并通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元, 其中 Tsyn为 系统同步时钟周期;
( 2 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟、 获取 下行同步标签以及射频单元偏移量 根据获得的链路时钟在下行同步标 签中的数据同步头的最后一个比特读取之后延迟 触发同步时钟, 将本地 系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步。
进一步地, 步骤( 1 )进一步可分为:
( 102 )基带单元以统一的参考点时钟为基准, 在基带和射频之间的下 行数据链路中插入下行同步标签, 下行同步标签与参考点时钟的偏移量为 △Tdl,基带单元提前八 或者延后(Tsyn - ATdl )的时间发送下行同步标签和 下行数据, 其中 Tsyn为系统的同步时钟周期;
( 103 )基带单元通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元。
进一步地, 所述下行同步标签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload 和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为基带单元地址、 和目的地址为射频单元地址; 数据类型, 表示数据包中数据的类型, 在下行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间下行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
进一步地, 步骤(2 )进一步可分为:
( 201 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟, 根 据数据包头中的地址和数据类型信息, 找到属于本射频单元的同步数据标 签, 然后读取并对比数据同步头, 提取时间戳中的帧号时隙号信息;
( 202 )射频单元根据下行同步标签的数据同步头、 链路时钟和射频单 元下行偏移量 产生同步时钟, 由射频单元根据链路时钟读取数据同步头 最后一个比特之后, 再延迟 触发同步时钟;
( 203 )射频单元将本地系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步, 从而实现射 频单元与基带单元的时钟同步。
当 BBU和 RRU之间的信号通过构造帧格式的方式传输时,上述的方法 也适用, 其不同之处仅在于上、 下行同步标签没有数据头, 而是包含同步数 据即 SynData 和帧号时隙号两个部分, BBU和 RRU通过在链路中搜索 SynData来确定同步标签的位置, 生成 R U的同步时钟或 BBU接收中断, 其他同步和延时补偿的步驟都与本发明技术方案中相同。 本发明所述的同步和延时补偿方法,基于 BBU和 R U之间的高速链路, 通过时间标签实现 BBU和 R U的同步:在下行方向,通过 BBU和 RRU两 级时延调整实现链路时延的补偿; 上行方向,通过数据驱动来产生基带接收 中断的方式补偿链路时延。本发明方法实现了基带和射频系统之间同步, 同 时实现对时延的精确补偿。 这种方法可以使 GSM/EDGE的基带和射频之间 的信号适应不同的传输协议, 该方法也适用于用固定帧格式传输数据的情
况。
附图概述
图 1是本发明实施例中基带单元 BBU和远端射频单元 RRU实现同步和 时延补偿示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例中同步标签格式示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实例来说明本发明所述的同步和时延补偿方法。 本发明所述的同步和时延补偿方法是基于 BBU和 RRU之间的高速链 路,通过时间标签实现 BBU和 RRU的同步:在下行方向,通过 BBU和 RRU 两级时延调整实现链路时延的补偿; 上行方向, 通过数据驱动来产生基带接 收中断的方式补偿链路时延。 这种方法可以使 GSM/EDGE的基带和射频之 间的信号适应不同的传输协议。
在基带和射频分离的架构下,基带的容量大, 一个基带单元或基带池可 以连接多个射频单元, 射频单元分布在不同的物理区域, 通过高速 TDM链 路与基带相连。 位于不同地理位置的 RRU可以根据需要配置成同步小区或 异步小区。 如图 1所示, 显示了基带单元(BBU, Baseband Unit )和多个远 端射频单元(RRU, Remote Radio Unit )连接的组网示意图。 图 1中, RRU1、 RRU2和 RRU3通过光纤级联的方式连接到 BBU, RRU4和 RRU5与基带中 间是点对点的连接。 当然, R U与 BBU的组网还包括环形网和树型网等网 絡形式。 基带与射频单元之间, 以及级联的 RRU之间光纤长度不同, 所以 由光纤链路产生的时延也不同。
基带单元 BBU和远端射频单元 RRU之间的时延测量方法有艮多种,例 如 CPRI和 OBSAI等组织都提供了时延测量的方法。 本发明不对时延测量 做深入阐述, BBU和 RRU之间的光纤链路时延、 RRU处理时延、 RRU中 光口之间以及光口到天线口之间的时延值都视为已知量,可利用现有的测量 方法进行测量得到, 此不为本发明重点需要讨论部分。
本发明中所述的 BBU使用统一的时钟参考点, BBU系统时钟以及 BBU 和 RRU之间的高速链路时钟都与参考点时钟同步。 在 TDM链路上通过帧 格式或构造数据包的方式传输基带和射频信号对于本发明所述的方法来说 差别不大, 因此, 本发明针对 TDM链路承载数据包的传输形式进行示例性 描述, 当然, 这种方法也适用于用固定帧格式传输数据的情况。
本发明中基带与射频系统的同步和时延补偿方法,在下行方向和上行方 向的具体¾¾程如下。
一、 下行方向:
1 ) BBU计算下行链路中 BBU和 R U之间下行链路时延, 然后将时延 分为 BBU下行偏移量八 和 RRU下行偏移量 两个部分, 其中 ATdl的精 度等于 BBU和 RRU下行链路帧格式的最小数据颗粒的时长; (¾为 与 实际下行链路时延之差, 其精度满足 GSM/EDGE系统同步的精度要求。
2 ) BBU以统一的参考点时钟为基准, 在基带单元和射频单元之间的下 行数据链路中插入下行同步标签。 下行同步标签与参考点时钟的偏移量为 ATdl, BBU提前 ATdl发送下行同步标签和下行数据, 或者延后 ( Tsyn - ATdl ) 的时间发送下行同步标签和下行数据, 其中 Tsyn为 GSM/EDGE同步时钟周 期。
如图 2 所示, 所述的下行同步标签包含数据包头 (Head ) , 数据载荷 ( Payload )和 CRC校险等三个部分。 其中:
数据包头 (Head ) , 包含地址(Address ) 、 数据类型 (Type ) 、 时间 戳(Tstamp ) 、 数据长度(Length ) ;
在数据包头中, Address包括源地址(BBU地址)和目的地址( RRU的 地址); Type表示数据包中 Payload的类型, 分为同步包, 业务包, 控制包, 空闲包等, 在下行同步标签中 Type为同步包; 时间戳(Tstamp ) 的含义与 Type相关, 当 Type为同步包时, Tstamp表示连续的两个同步标签之间下行 时隙的起止帧号和时隙号, 当 Type 为业务包或控制包时, Tstamp表示 Payload数据的相对时间顺序。 数据载荷(Payload ) , 包括数据同步头 (SynData ) , SynData 为基带
和射频单元约定好的固定的特殊字节。 特殊字节是指区别于一般 IQ (同相 和正交)数据的字节, 例如取值非常大的一组固定数 7FFFFFFF, (这种字 节可以通过随机序列生成, 位数根据需要而定, 位数越多, 与其他 IQ数据 重复的几率越小。 )固定是指该字节是 BBU和 RRU已经约定好的, 且在相 邻两次约定之间字节不会改变。
3 ) BBU将 通过上层信令通道发送给 RRU。 例如, CPRI协议中的 HDLC信令通道或以太网信令通道等。
4 ) RRU提取并恢复 BBU和 RRU之间的链路时钟, 根据数据包头中的 地址和数据类型信息, 找到属于本 RRU的同步数据标签, 然后读取并对比
SynData, 提取 Tstamp中的帧号时隙号等信息。
5 ) RRU才 ^据下行同步标签的 SynData、链路时钟和 U下行偏移量 三个条件产生同步时钟, 其方法是 RRU根据链路时钟读取 SynData最后一 个 bit之后, 再延迟 ½触发同步时钟。 然后, RRU将本地系统时钟与产生 的同步时钟同步, 从而实现 RRU与 BBU的时钟同步。
二、 上行方向:
6 ) RRU保存下行数据的帧号和时隙号,然后把数椐从天线口发射出去; 然后, 根据已经与 BBU同步的系统时钟延时 3个 GSM/EDGE时隙的时间, 接收上行的数据, 并产生上行同步标签, 将上行同步标签和上行数据通过上 行链路发送到 BBU。
如图 1所示,所述上行同步标签也包舍数据包头(Head ),数据(Payload ) 和 CRC校验等三个部分。 其中:
数据包头 (Head ) , 包含地址(Address ) , 数据类型 (Type ) , 时间 戳(Tstamp ) , 数据长度(Length ) ;
在数据包头中, Address包括源地址( RRU的地址)和目的地址( BBU 地址); Type表示数据包中 Payload的类型, 分为同步包、数据包、控制包、 和空闲包等, 在上行同步标签中 Type为同步包; 时间戳(Tstamp ) 的含义
与 Type相关, 当 Type为同步包时, Tstamp表示连续的两个同步标签之间 下行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号, 当 Type为业务包或控制包时, Tstamp表示 Payload数据的相对时间顺序, 在上行同步标签中, Tstamp中的帧号和时隙 号与 RRU保存的下行数据的帧号时隙号相同。
数据 ( Payload ) , 包括数据同步头 (SynData ) , SynData 为基带和射 频单元约定好的固定的特殊字节; 特殊字节是指区别与一般 IQ同步和正交 数据的字节, 例如取值非常大的一组固定数 7FFFFFFF, (这种字节可以通 过随机序列生成, 位数根据需要而定, 位数越多, 与其他 IQ数据重复的几 率越小。 )固定是指该字节是 BBU和 RRU已经约定好的, 且再相邻两次约 定之间字节不会改变。
CRC校验位, 用于对数据包内容的进行 C C循环校验。
7 ) BBU根据数据包的地址和数据类型, 接收来自 R U的上行同步标 签, 并在数据中提取数据同步头 (SynData ) , 然后将提取的 SynData和约 定好的数据同步头对比, 进一步验证该上行同步标签的合法性, SyData合 法性通过后, 提取 Tstamp的帧号时隙号信息; 如果同步标签不合法, 重复 第 7 )步的过程, 经过某个时间门限, 仍然找不到合法的同步标签, 向上层 软件上报同步告警。其中, 比对数据同步头的目的是判断这个数据同步头是 否正确, 因为数据同步头 SynData是固定特殊字节, 基带将收到的 SynData 和自己保存的 SynData对比一下, 进一步验证其正确性。 如果正确, 确认同 步标签的合法性, 如果错误, 可以继续搜索上行同步标签, 对比上行的 SynData, 超过一定时间仍没有合法的同步标签, 上报告警。
8 ) BBU根据 RRU的上行同步标签中 SynData到达时间开始产生中断。 基带单元根据中断接收上行数据以及帧号时隙号信息,对比上下行帧号和时 隙号匹配情况。 由于帧号和时隙号都是连续的、周期性的。提取上下行的帧号和时隙号 的目的是使 BBU知道上行时隙是与下行实时隙对应关系。根据 GSM/EDGE 协议, 多个用户数据在无线口是都通过时隙承载的,每个时隙或每几个时隙 承载一个用户的业务数据 ,承载同一个用户业务数据的上行时隙比承载该用 户业务数据的下行时隙晚 3个时隙的时间。 举例来说, 在基站无线口 (本发
W 明中是在 RRU中) 下行方向的第 M个帧的第 N个时隙发送用户 A的业务 数据, 经过 3个时隙的时间后收到的上行时隙一定是用户 A的上行业务数 据, 为了识别和区分上下行时隙承载用户数据的情况, 在 GSM/EDGE协议 规定, 相对下行时隙而言, 经过 3个时隙时间收到的上行时隙 (用户 A的 上行业务数据占用的时隙)仍然用第 M个帧的第 N个时隙表示。 在本发明 中, 上下行的帧号和时隙都放在 Tstamp中, 即 BBU将下行时隙的帧号和时 隙号或者多个时隙的起止帧号和时隙号通过 Tstamp发送到 RRU, RRU保存 帧号和时隙号,将下行时隙从无线口发射出去。在比下行时隙晚 3个时隙时 间接收上行时隙, 然后, 加入上行同步标签, 标签中的 Tstamp的帧号和时 隙号就是 RRU保存的下行帧号和时隙号。
综合上面的流程描述, 在下行方向, BBU和 RRU之间的同步是通过下 行同步标签实现的, RRU接收到下行同步标签后产生同步时钟, 然后, RRU 的本地系统时钟与这个时钟同步,从而实现了 RRU与 BBU的同步。 下行的 时延补偿是通过两级时间调整实现的:
( 1 ) 第一级调整在 BBU内实现, 如步驟 2 ) 所述的 BBU调整下行偏 移量 ATdl,这个偏移量是根据 BBU和 RRU之间的下行传输链路时延计算得 到的。 BBU提前或延后 时间发送下行同步标签和数据, 补偿传输链路 的时延。 由于传输链路帧格式中最小粒度时长以及载波复用的限制, 实际传 输链路的延迟 τ与传输链路帧格式的最小粒度时长 κ之间可能不是整数倍关 系。 本发明定义 ATdl如下所示:
ΑΤά1 = ([τ / κ]+ ΐ) χ κ
也就是把 τ/κ得到的结果向靠近大的整数方向取整(其中, [ ]表示向下 取整, 表示向上取整) , 因此, BBU下行偏移量 不能精确补偿 下行传输时延, 这一级时延补偿为粗补偿。 由于上式中 !^大于实际时延, 因此, BBU内的第一级时延补偿也成为过补偿;
( 2 )第二级精确补偿在 RRU 内实现, BBU计算下行传输链路时延 τ 与 ΔΤΛ 的差值, 即 RRU下行偏移量 , δά1 = Δ - ,之后, 由 BBU将 通过上层信令信道发送给 RRU。 实现时, 如步骤 5 )所述, RRU延迟 后, 才艮据下行同步标签产生同步时钟。
通过上述两级时延补偿可以精确得到下行链路时延, 实现 RRU与 BBU 同步。
本发明这种方法的优势在于采用时间标签作为 BBU和 RRU的同步媒 介, 降低了 BBU和 RRU系统对链路时钟以及帧格式的要求, GSM/EDGE 的 BBU和 RRU之间可以使用多种传输链路, 降低系统成本。 下行的两级时 延补偿偏移量的设置能够精确补偿下行链路时延,也同样降低了对于链路复 用的数据粒度的要求。
通过上述下行时延补偿后, RRU的系统时钟与 BBU同步, GSM/EDGE 系统下行发射和上行接收就以 RRU的系统时钟为基准。 根据 3GPP协议, GSM/EDGE 系统中同一用户的上、 下行收发时钟相差三个时隙, 即相对于 下行发射来说, 延迟 3个时隙可以接收到这个用户的上行数据。 RU保存 下行同步标签中时隙的帧号和时隙号,然后经过 3个时隙的延迟后将该帧号 和时隙号填入上行同步标签中, 与上行时隙的数据一起发送给 BBU。
BBU通过步骤 7 ) ~ 8 )所述的方法解析上行同步标签, 触发基带单元 数据接收中断,基带单元解调接收到的数据,并且比较上下行的帧号时隙号。 上行接收的方式无需在 BBU和 RRU中补偿上行的链路时延,也可以正确接 收数据。
上行通过同步标签实现 R U和 BBU的同步, 而且, GSM/EDGE上下 行同步基准在 RRU内实现, 这使得上行的链路时延成为系统内部时延, 本 发明通过同步标签触发基带单元的数据接收中断以及帧号时隙号跟踪对比 的方法, 在不补偿上行时延的情况下实现了基带数据正确接收。
当 BBU和 RRU之间的信号是通过构造帧格式的方式传输时,上述的方 法也适用,其不同之处仅在于上下行同步标签没有数据头 ,而是包含 SynData 和帧号时隙号两个部分, BBU和 RRU通过在链路中搜索 SynData来确定同 步标签的位置,生成 RRU的同步时钟或 BBU接收中断, 其他同步和延时补 偿步骤都相同。
具体应用实例 1。
假定, 在图 1所示 GSM/EDGE系统的基带单元 BBU和远端射频单元 RRU的组网中, BBU和 R U的同步时钟为 60亳秒 ( ms ) , BBU和 RRU 之间高速 TDM链路帧格式的最小复用单元时长为 κ (微秒, us),链路时延测 量精度小于 4纳秒(ns ) , RRU1与 BBU之间的链路时延为 τΐ (单位为微 秒, us ) 。
基于图 1所示系统组网以及上述设定参数,以 RRU1为例说明本发明具 体进行同步和时延补偿方法的步骤, 如下:
步骤 1: BBU首先计算 BBU和 RRU1的链路时延, RRU1的链路时延 为 τ1,计算得到 BBU和 R U1的两级时延补偿偏移量 !^和 分别为(单 位为 us ) :
Td/ = ([τ1 /φ ΐ) χ /τ ; δάι = (ATdl - rl)。
步骤 2: 进行下行方向的同步与时延补偿。
1 )在下行方向, BBU相对于本地的 60ms同步时钟, 提前 ATdl的时间 在链路中插入下行同步标签和下行数据。
同步标签每隔 60ms发送一次, 包含地址、 数据类型、 数据长度, 由固 定特殊字符组成的 SynData, 60ms内时隙的帧号和时隙号, 以及 CRC校验 帧号和时隙号。
2 ) BBU通过上层的信令通道将 发送给 R U1。 例如, CPRI协议中 的 HDLC信令通道或以太网信令通道等。
3 ) RRU1根据数据包的地址和数据类型接收 BBU发给自己的数据, 提 取并对比由固定特殊字符组成的 SynData。 RRU1以接收到下行同步标签中 的 SynData最后一个 bit时刻起向后延迟 <5dl的时间产生 60ms同步时钟, 然 后, 将 RRU1本地的系统时钟( 52MHz )与 60ms同步, 从而实现 RRU1与 BBU的同步。
步骤 3: 进行上行方向的同步与时延补偿。
4 ) RRU1解析下行的帧号和时隙号, 并保存下来。
5 ) RRU1根据 60ms, 本地时钟产生 GSM/EDGE发射和接收的所有时 钟, 然后将各个时隙按顺序发射出去。 根据协议规定, RRU1无线口上行接 收时钟比下行发射时钟晚三个时隙。 RRU1接收到上行时隙的数据后, 在上 行链路中插入上行同步标签。
上行同步标签中包含地址, 数据类型, 数据长度, 由固定特殊字符组成 的 SynData, 帧号和时隙号, 以及 CRC校验信息。 其中帧号和时隙号就是 RRU1保存的下行同步标签的帧号和时隙号。上行同步标签 60ms发送一次。
6 ) BBU根据数据包的地址及数据类型接收上行同步标签, 提取并对比 由固定特殊字符组成的数据同步头,然后触发基带单元上行数据开始接收的 中断, 中断间隔为 15/26ms。
7 )基带单元根据中断接收数据, 并对比上下行帧号和时隙号是否一致。
RRU1通过上述的方法实现了 GSM/EDGE基带和射频单元的同步和时 延补偿。
其他的 RRU也是这样, 有所不同的是级联的 RRU, 例如 RRU2的下行 链路时延为 τΐ + τΓΐ + τ2, τΓΐ为 RRU1的处理时延, %2为 RRU1和 RRU2之 间的链路时延。 所有 RRU都与 BBU同步, 而且 R U到天线口的时延都相 等, 所以, Cell 1内的 RRU1和 R U2是同步的, Cell 1和 Cell 2也是同步 的。 工业实用性
本发明的一种基带单元和射频系统之间的同步和延时补偿方法,适用于 GSM (全球移动通信系统) /EDGE ( Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution, 提高数据速率的 GSM演进技术) 的基带和射频系统的同步和时延补偿。 基 于基带单元 BBU和射频单元 RRU之间的高速链路,通过上行、下行时间标 签实现 BBU和 R U的同步。本发明实现了基带和射频系统之间同步, 同时 实现对时延的精确补偿, 可以使 GSM/EDGE的基带和射频之间的信号适应 不同的传输协议, 该方法也适用于用固定帧格式传输数据的情况。
Claims
权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法, 在基带单元与相连的若 干射频单元之间实现同步和时延补偿, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 )基带单元计算得到基带单元下行偏移量 ATdl和射频单元下行偏移 量 , 以统一的参考点时钟为基准、 ATdl为偏移量, 在下行数据链路中插 入下行同步标签, 提前 ATdl或延后 ( Tsyn - ATdl ) 向射频单元发送下行同步 标签和下行数据, 并通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元, 其中 Tsyn为 系统同步时钟周期;
( 2 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟、 获取 下行同步标签以及射频单元偏移量(5dl, 根据获得的链路时钟在下行同步标 签中的数据同步头的最后一个比特读取之后延迟 ^触发同步时钟, 将本地 系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步;
( 3 )射频单元保存下行的帧号和时隙号后将下行数据发射出去, 才艮据 同步后的系统时钟延时 3个系统时隙后,接收上行数据并将保存的帧号和时 隙号填入上行同步标签,将上行同步标签和上行数据通过上行链路发送至基 带单元;
( 4 )基带单元获取上行同步标签, 从中提取并比对数据同步头, 验证 上行同步标签合法后,提取帧号和时隙号信息,根据上行同步标签中数据同 步头的到达时间产生中断, 由基带单元根据中断接收上行数据, 并比较上下 行的帧号时隙号。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(1 )进一步可分为:
( 101 )基带单元计算下行链路中基带单元和射频单元之间下行链路时 延 τ,将时延分为基带单元下行偏移量八1^和射频单元下行偏移量 (¾,其中,
ATdl
- T , K为传输链路帧格式的最小粒度时长; ( 102 )基带单元以统一的参考点时钟为基准, 在基带和射频之间的下 行数据链路中插入下行同步标签, 下行同步标签与参考点时钟的偏移量为 △Tdl,基带单元提前厶 或者延后(Tsyn - ATdl )的时间发送下行同步标签和 下行数据, 其中 Tsyn为系统的同步时钟周期;
( 103 )基带单元通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述下行同步标签包含有 数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校 -险;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为基带单元地址、 和目的地址为射频单元地址; 数据类型,表示数据包中数据的类型, 在下行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间下行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步驟(2 )进一步可分为:
( 201 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟, 根 据数据包头中的地址和数据类型信息, 找到属于本射频单元的同步数据标 签, 然后读取并对比数据同步头, 提取时间戳中的帧号时隙号信息;
( 202 )射频单元根据下行同步标签的数据同步头、 链路时钟和射频单 元下行偏移量 产生同步时钟, 由射频单元才艮据链路时钟读取数据同步头 最后一个比特之后, 再延迟 触发同步时钟;
( 203 )射频单元将本地系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步, 从而实现射 频单元与基带单元的时钟同步。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(3 )进一步可分为:
( 301 )射频单元保存下行数据的帧号和时隙号, 然后把数据从天线口 发射出去;
( 302 )射频单元根据已经与基带单元同步的系统时钟延时 3个系统时 隙的时间后, 接收上行的数据, 并产生上行同步标签;
( 303 )射频单元将上行同步标签和上行数据通过上行链路发送到基带
单元。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上行同步标签包含有 数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为射频单元地址、 和目的地址为基带单元地址; 数据类型, 表示数据包中数据的类型, 在上行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间上行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
7、 如权利要求 3或 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述固定的特殊字节, 是指区别于一般 IQ数据的字节, 该字节由基带单元和射频单元事先约定且 在相邻两次约定之间字节不会改变。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 若基带单元和射频单元之 间的信号是通过构造帧格式的方式传输时, 所述上、 下行同步标签中仅包含 数据同步头 SynData和帧号时隙号两个部分, 基带单元和射频单元通过在链 路中搜索 SynData来确定同步标签的位置, 生成射频单元的同步时钟或基带 单元接收中断。
9、 如权利要求 1或 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步驟(4 ) 中比对数据 同步头的步骤为:
( 401 )基带单元获取上行同步标签并从中提取并比对数据同步头;
( 402 )基带单元将收到的数据同步头和基带单元自己保存的数据同步 头对比, 如果正确一致, 确认同步标签的合法性; 如果错误, 可以继续搜索 上行同步标签, 对比上行的数据同步头,超过一定时间仍没有合法的同步标 签, 则上报告警。
10、 一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法, 在基带单元与相连的 若干射频单元之间实现上行方向同步和时延补偿, 其特征在于, 包括如下步 骤:
( 1 ) 与基带单元下行同步的射频单元, 在收到下行数据后保存下行的 帧号和时隙号并将下行数据发射出去,根据同步的系统时钟延时 3个系统时 隙后,接收上行数据并将保存的帧号和时隙号填入上行同步标签, 将上行同 步标签和上行数据通过上行链路发送至基带单元;
( 2 )基带单元获取上行同步标签, 从中提取并比对数据同步头, 验证 上行同步标签合法后,提取帧号和时隙号信息,根据上行同步标签中数据同 步头的到达时间产生中断, 由基带单元根据中断接收上行数据, 并比较上下 行的帧号时隙号。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的同步和时延补偿方法, 其特征在于, 所述上 行同步标签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload和 CRC校险三个部分, 其中:
数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为射频单元地址、 和目的地址为基带单元地址; 数据类型, 表示数据包中数据的类型, 在上行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间上行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度 , 用于表示数据的长度信息。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的同步和时延补偿方法,其特征在于,步驟(2 ) 中比对数据同步头的步骤为:
( 201 )基带单元获取上行同步标签并从中提取并比对数据同步头;
( 202 )基带单元将收到的数据同步头和基带单元自己保存的数据同步
头对比, 如果正确一致, 确认同步标签的合法性; 如果错误, 可以继续搜索 上行同步标签,对比上行的数据同步头,超过一定时间仍没有合法的同步标 签, 则上报告警。
13、 如权利要求 10所述的同步和时延补偿方法, 其特征在于, 若基带 单元和射频单元之间的信号是通过构造帧格式的方式传输时, 所述上行同步 标签中仅包含数据同步头 SynData和帧号时隙号两个部分, 基带单元和射频 单元通过在链路中搜索 SynData来确定同步标签的位置, 生成射频单元的同 步时钟或基带单元接收中断。
14、 如权利要求 11所述的同步和时延补偿方法, 其特征在于, 所述固 定的特殊字节, 是指区别于一般 IQ数据的字节, 该字节由基带单元和射频 单元事先约定且在相邻两次约定之间字节不会改变。
15、 一种基带与射频系统同步和时延补偿方法, 在基带单元与相连的 若干射频单元之间实现下行方向同步和时延补偿, 其特征在于, 包括如下步 骤:
( 1 )基带单元计算得到基带单元下行偏移量 ATdl和射频单元下行偏移 量 , 以统一的参考点时钟为基准, ΔΤΛ为偏移量, 在下行数据链路中插 入下行同步标签, 提前 ATdl或延后 ( Tsyn - ATdl )向射频单元发送下行同步 标签和下行数据, 并通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元, 其中 Tsyn为 系统同步时钟周期;
( 2 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟、 获取 下行同步标签以及射频单元偏移量 根据获得的链路时钟在下行同步标 签中的数据同步头的最后一个比特读取之后延迟 触发同步时钟, 将本地 系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(1 )进一步可分 为:
( 101 )基带单元计算下行链路中基带单元和射频单元之间下行链路时 延 τ,将时延分为基带单元下行偏移量厶 和射频单元下行偏移量 其中,
ΑΤ^ ^τίή + ή κ , Sdl = ATdl - T , K为传输链路帧格式的最小粒度时长;
( 102 )基带单元以统一的参考点时钟为基准, 在基带和射频之间的下 行数据链路中插入下行同步标签, 下行同步标签与参考点时钟的偏移量为 ΔΤΛ, 基带单元提前八 或者延后 ( Tsyn - ATdi )的时间发送下行同步标签和 下行数据, 其中 Tsyn为系统的同步时钟周期;
( 103 )基带单元通过上层信令通道将 发送给射频单元。
17、 如权利要求 15或 16所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述下行同步标 签包含有数据包头 Head, 数据载荷 Payload和 CRC校验三个部分, 其中: 数据载荷, 包括数据同步头, 数据同步头为固定的特殊字节;
CRC是对数据包内容的校验;
所述数据包头, 包含:
地址, 包括源地址为基带单元地址、 和目的地址为射频单元地址; 数据类型,表示数据包中数据的类型, 在下行同步标签中数据类型为同 步包;
时间戳, 其值与数据类型相关, 当数据类型为同步包时, 表示连续的两 个同步标签之间下行时隙的起止帧号和时隙号;
数据长度, 用于表示数据的长度信息。
18、 如权利要求 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(2 )进一步可分 为:
( 201 )射频单元提取并恢复基带单元和射频单元之间的链路时钟, 根 据数据包头中的地址和数据类型信息, 找到属于本射频单元的同步数据标 签, 然后读取并对比数据同步头, 提取时间戳中的帧号时隙号信息;
( 202 )射频单元根据下行同步标签的数据同步头、 链路时钟和射频单 元下行偏移量 <¾产生同步时钟, 由射频单元根据链路时钟读取数据同步头 最后一个比特之后, 再延迟 (¾触发同步时钟;
( 203 )射频单元将本地系统时钟与产生的同步时钟同步 , 从而实现射 频单元与基带单元的时钟同步。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| ES2399671T3 (es) | 2013-04-02 |
| CN101098328B (zh) | 2010-06-02 |
| EP2173136A4 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
| EP2509391A1 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| EP2509391B1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| EP2173136B1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| CN101098328A (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
| EP2173136A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
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