WO2009006719A1 - Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions - Google Patents
Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009006719A1 WO2009006719A1 PCT/BR2008/000199 BR2008000199W WO2009006719A1 WO 2009006719 A1 WO2009006719 A1 WO 2009006719A1 BR 2008000199 W BR2008000199 W BR 2008000199W WO 2009006719 A1 WO2009006719 A1 WO 2009006719A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hypergravity
- development
- plants
- conditions
- fact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H3/00—Processes for modifying phenotypes, e.g. symbiosis with bacteria
Definitions
- the present invention relates to simulated hypergravity-like or simulated hypergravity conditions in plant development modulation. More precisely, the present invention provides apparatus and process to induce the effects caused by the increase in gravity, being applied in the modulation of germination and/or post-germinative development of different species, for example, Euruca sativa MiIII.
- the process of the invention provides several advantages, such as the increase in germination rate, fast and efficient development, high growth rate (volume and mass) and high rate of secondary metabolite production in comparison to growing processes under Earth's gravitational force (1G).
- Hypergravity is one of these changes and can be defined as the increase of weight caused by either the enhancement of the mass of a given body or the acceleration of it (simulated hypergravity condition). It can be seen during launch and re-entry of a spacecraft in the Earth's atmosphere.
- Starch- statolith hypothesis states that dense bodies of starch called amyloplasts, found in root cells, act as a gravity sensor for plants (Kiss et al, 1996; Kiss et al., 1998; Fitzelle, 2001 ; Aubay-Centis, 2003; Kiss et al., 1999).
- European document EP1030554 owned by Oceaneering International, Inc. and entitled "Method and apparatus for cytoplasmic loading using an impact-mediated procedure” describes a method and an apparatus for the introduction of macromolecules into the cytoplasm of living cells by an impact- mediated procedure that compresses cells with a predetermined number of solid particles in a blast of propellant gas. This procedure can be changed by gravitational conditions and is preferably carried out under hypergravity conditions.
- United States patent US 3,882,634 by NASA, describes a rotary plant growth accelerating apparatus based on rotation and translation motions about horizontal axes in order to administer nutrients to plants during rotation. Horizontal planetary path reduces gravity effects, that is, it simulates m/crogravity effects, accelerating plant growth.
- United States patent US 3,911 ,619, by Gravi-Mechanics Co. describes an apparatus for seed sprouting also based on rotation motions about horizontal axes. Horizontal planetary path reduces gravity effects, accelerating seed sprouting, and avoiding problems associated to gravity.
- the invention consists of an apparatus and a process that simulate the exposure to a hypergravity environment, which increases plant germination and/or post- germinative development.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for large-scale plant growth in a system that supplies hypergravity simulated environment.
- Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for large-scale plant growth that presents accelerated cell growth and cell differentiation.
- Another objective of the present invention is a process for large-scale plant growth, which has a significantly greater growth (volume and mass) and a faster differentiation rate for an equal period in comparison to others under Earth's gravity.
- Figure 1 shows individual development of Euruca sativa Mill subject to two different environments, a simulated hypergravity environment (+7G Z - Figure 1A) and Earth's gravity environment (1G - Figure 1 B), used as control. Tests were carried out during an intermittent period of four days.
- Figure 2 shows the comparison of arugula growth in soil method.
- Figure 3 shows the difference between the growths obtained in paper with water-centrifuge and soil-control.
- Figure 4 shows a histological cut of a plant subject to simulated hypergravity.
- Figure 5 shows another histological cut of a plant subject to simulated hypergravity.
- Figure 6 shows a histological cut of a plant not subject to simulated hypergravity (control).
- hypergravity is defined as that resulting from conditions capable of inducing the effects caused by the increase in the gravitational force, using hypergravity- like or simulated hypergravity situations (in this case, rotation).
- hypergravity- like or simulated hypergravity situations in this case, rotation.
- a plastic pot with a diameter of 60 mm and height of 62 mm, with 44 g of dark soil (Mumosoto, a kind of humus) and 10 seeds of Euruca sativa Mill, (KAD type, with increased moisture) was put in each arm end of a centrifuge, adjusted to rotate at 92 rpm, in order to provide a +7G Z environment. Seeds mentioned above were subjected to this condition during intermittent periods - in this case from 8 AM to 5 PM, totaling 9 h/day for four consecutive days. At night, hypergravity action was removed, that is, from 5 PM to 8 AM next day plants remained under Earth's gravity force (1G).
- Pots were closed with a plastic coverage to avoid water evaporation by forced convection resulting from the spinning. Pots were safely fixed to the arm ends of the centrifuge with a metal bolt. Thus, during rest the pot opening remained at a 90° angle to the centrifuge arm. During centrifuge rotation, the pot remained at 0° angle to the centrifuge arm, simulating an increase of Earth's gravitational force in the z axis. A 3- millimeter hole was made on the side of each pot to allow ventilation. Two similar plastic pots were kept open in the same room to be used as control (1G). Room temperature was adjusted to 22 0 C, and water (0.5 ml_ volume) was added to the pots before and immediately after the experiment. Experiment was carried out twice in order to verify the reproducibility of it.
- Results showed that the seeds exposed to +7G Z germinated in three days in comparison to the four days necessary for the seeds in the control pots.
- plants subject to simulated hypergravity were removed and measured by a caliper rule from root to top.
- Two embodiments of the invention process were:
- the mean height of the plants subject to +7G Z was 3.2 cm, against a mean of 1.9 cm of control plants, showed in Figure 1 ;
- auxin which modulates plant growth.
- Term auxin comes from Greek "auxein", that means to grow; therefore, auxin is characterized by being able to induce cell elongation in stem sub-apical region.
- auxin is a vegetal hormone responsible for plant cell growth, stem and root elongation, and fruit development. It is well known that auxins control gravitropism, promote apical dominance, and retard abscission. Auxin also affects physiologic processes, including phototropism, gravitropism, fruit development, among other functions.
- elongation is one of the most important effects of auxin action.
- One important stage of elongation is cell edge acidification caused by an electrochemical gradient, which leads to proton secretion through plasmatic membrane, promoting cell wall acidification, resulting in enzymatic activity increase.
- This enzymatic activity increase promotes cell structure ductility, enabling cell elongation.
- When water penetrates cell osmotic pressure forces expand it.
- the amazing and significant development of Euruca sativa Mill after four days of exposition to intermittent simulated hypergravity could therefore derive from the variation of the amount of auxin.
- hypergravity may change auxin levels in tissues. If so, it can be deduced that changes in the components of secondary metabolism may happen, such as enzymatic activities of phenylpropanoid and terpenoid pathway, as well as in the synthesis of development regulatory molecules.
- results presented suggest that plant growth and/or development under simulated hypergravity can be an alternative to minimize one of the main problems confronted by agribusiness and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. In a shorter period and with low operational costs, it is possible to have an increase of vegetal raw production, as well as to provide quantitatively standardized vegetal extracts.
- simulated hypergravity level, duration of exposure and/or intervals are chosen according to the intended result of plant growth/development.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a process for the germination and/or modulation of plant development using the inventive concept of subjecting plants to simulated hypergravity conditions as a way of increasing efficiency and speed of plant development and/or germination.
Description
Descriptive Report
Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to simulated hypergravity-like or simulated hypergravity conditions in plant development modulation. More precisely, the present invention provides apparatus and process to induce the effects caused by the increase in gravity, being applied in the modulation of germination and/or post-germinative development of different species, for example, Euruca sativa MiIII. The process of the invention provides several advantages, such as the increase in germination rate, fast and efficient development, high growth rate (volume and mass) and high rate of secondary metabolite production in comparison to growing processes under Earth's gravitational force (1G).
Background of the Invention
Biological studies in space environment have increasingly received special attention from researchers. There are scientific reports showing that changes in gravity as well as changes in the activity of Earth's magnetic field may interfere in living organism development. Hypergravity is one of these changes and can be defined as the increase of weight caused by either the enhancement of the mass of a given body or the acceleration of it (simulated hypergravity condition). It can be seen during launch and re-entry of a spacecraft in the Earth's atmosphere.
On Earth, gravity is present during plant evolution, being used by them to regulate their growth and development (Soga, 2004). Nowadays, two hypotheses try to explain the mechanism of gravity perception in plants. Starch- statolith hypothesis states that dense bodies of starch called amyloplasts, found in root cells, act as a gravity sensor for plants (Kiss et al, 1996; Kiss et al., 1998; Fitzelle, 2001 ; Aubay-Centis, 2003; Kiss et al., 1999). On the other hand, protoplast pressure hypothesis, by observing genetically modified plants with few amyloplasts, asserts that gravity perception is caused by the weight of root
cell content (Caspar, 1989; Guisinger, 1999; MacCleery and Kiss, 1999 Soga et al., 2004; Soga et al., 2005). However, until now, most data referring to gravity influence in plant physiology and morphology have been obtained from plants subject to changes in gravitational vector orientation (Aubay-Centis, 2003). For this purpose, experiments in space provide microgravity conditions, while experiments based on centrifuges provide hypergravity simulated conditions (Soga, 1999).
Experiments under simulated hypergravity can represent the mechanisms involved in animals or plants, in tissues or cells in response to the increase in the gravitational force (van Loon et al., 1993). In the same way, it is possible to create on Earth, by using human centrifuges, a hypergravity environment similar to those generally found in space missions or during an abrupt maneuver of a high performance aircraft. In plants, hypergravity produced by centrifugation is used to analyze the responses of plant seeding to gravity stimulus (Hoson, 2002), although this technique has been employed in the separation of cell components, but only as a primary stimulus (Russomano et al., 2007). Gravitational forces greater than 1G have been useful for studying gravity role in plant growth (Kasahara et al., 1995). Experiments carried out by Hoson (2002) showed that hypergravity produced by centrifugation increased cell wall stiffness due to gravitational force resistance (Soga et al., 1999; Soga, 2004; Hoson et al., 2002). In the same way, it was noticed growth inhibition of elongation in mustard epicotyles (Waltron and Brett, 1990), radish and cucumber hypocotyles (Kasahara et al., 1990), cress hypocotyles (Hoson et al, 1996), azuki bean hypocotyles (Soga et al., 1999), corn coleoptiles and mesocotyls (Soga et al, 2003) and A.thaliana inflorescence stems (Tamaoki et al., 2006) in response to hypergravity. These results suggest that growth inhibition is due to the reduction of cell wall mechanical extensibility (Soga et al., 1999; Hoson et al., 2002; Soga et al., 2003; Soga et al., 2004).
However, morphological experiments carried out by the present inventors showed that arugula seeds germinate faster when exposed to simulated
hypergravity. Such results are amazing considering the State of the Art and constitute the starting point to the present invention development.
Scientific and patent literatures regarding publications that are only partially related to the subject of the present invention, however, do not anticipate or suggest, even indirectly, any of the objects of the present invention.
The article entitled "Simulated microgravity and hypergravity attenuate heart tissue development in explant culture" reports the study about hypergravity influence on heart tissue morphogenesis. United States patent US 6,008,009, owned by Universities Research
Association and entitled "Centrifuge-operated specimen staining method and apparatus" describes a method and an apparatus of preselected staining where the liquid stained reagents are applied and removed from the staining chamber.
International patent application WO 00/30718, filed by Arthur Kreitenberg and entitled "Exercise apparatus involving centrifugal forces", describes an exercise apparatus involving centrifugal forces where centrifugal acceleration and Earth gravitational acceleration are summed.
European document EP1030554, owned by Oceaneering International, Inc. and entitled "Method and apparatus for cytoplasmic loading using an impact-mediated procedure" describes a method and an apparatus for the introduction of macromolecules into the cytoplasm of living cells by an impact- mediated procedure that compresses cells with a predetermined number of solid particles in a blast of propellant gas. This procedure can be changed by gravitational conditions and is preferably carried out under hypergravity conditions.
United States patent US 3,882,634, by NASA, describes a rotary plant growth accelerating apparatus based on rotation and translation motions about horizontal axes in order to administer nutrients to plants during rotation. Horizontal planetary path reduces gravity effects, that is, it simulates m/crogravity effects, accelerating plant growth.
United States patent US 3,911 ,619, by Gravi-Mechanics Co., describes an apparatus for seed sprouting also based on rotation motions about horizontal axes. Horizontal planetary path reduces gravity effects, accelerating seed sprouting, and avoiding problems associated to gravity. United States patent US 3,973,353, by Gravi-Mechanics Co., describes a different apparatus to accelerate plant growth based on the application of rotation and translation motions about horizontal axes in order to administer nutrients to plants during rotation. Horizontal planetary path reduces gravity effects, accelerating plant growth. Results obtained by the present invention system and process are amazing from scientific and patent literature point of view.
Summary of the Invention
It is an objective of the present invention to provide a process of plant growth and development under simulated hypergravity conditions. Therefore, the invention consists of an apparatus and a process that simulate the exposure to a hypergravity environment, which increases plant germination and/or post- germinative development.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for large-scale plant growth in a system that supplies hypergravity simulated environment.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for large-scale plant growth that presents accelerated cell growth and cell differentiation. Another objective of the present invention is a process for large-scale plant growth, which has a significantly greater growth (volume and mass) and a faster differentiation rate for an equal period in comparison to others under Earth's gravity.
These and other objectives of the present invention should be evident and valued from the detailed description of the invention.
Brief Description of the Figures
Figure 1 shows individual development of Euruca sativa Mill subject to two different environments, a simulated hypergravity environment (+7GZ - Figure 1A) and Earth's gravity environment (1G - Figure 1 B), used as control. Tests were carried out during an intermittent period of four days.
Figure 2 shows the comparison of arugula growth in soil method.
Figure 3 shows the difference between the growths obtained in paper with water-centrifuge and soil-control.
Figure 4 shows a histological cut of a plant subject to simulated hypergravity.
Figure 5 shows another histological cut of a plant subject to simulated hypergravity.
Figure 6 shows a histological cut of a plant not subject to simulated hypergravity (control).
Detailed Description of the Invention
From the detailed description of the present invention, those professionals familiar with the subject will immediately identify its great technical and economic value. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "hypergravity" is defined as that resulting from conditions capable of inducing the effects caused by the increase in the gravitational force, using hypergravity- like or simulated hypergravity situations (in this case, rotation). The examples described below aim to provide ways of reproducing the invention, but they should not be interpreted as a limitation to the invention nor the only way of accomplishing it.
Example 1
A plastic pot with a diameter of 60 mm and height of 62 mm, with 44 g of dark soil (Mumosoto, a kind of humus) and 10 seeds of Euruca sativa Mill, (KAD type, with increased moisture) was put in each arm end of a centrifuge, adjusted to rotate at 92 rpm, in order to provide a +7GZ environment. Seeds mentioned above were subjected to this condition during intermittent periods - in this case
from 8 AM to 5 PM, totaling 9 h/day for four consecutive days. At night, hypergravity action was removed, that is, from 5 PM to 8 AM next day plants remained under Earth's gravity force (1G). Pots were closed with a plastic coverage to avoid water evaporation by forced convection resulting from the spinning. Pots were safely fixed to the arm ends of the centrifuge with a metal bolt. Thus, during rest the pot opening remained at a 90° angle to the centrifuge arm. During centrifuge rotation, the pot remained at 0° angle to the centrifuge arm, simulating an increase of Earth's gravitational force in the z axis. A 3- millimeter hole was made on the side of each pot to allow ventilation. Two similar plastic pots were kept open in the same room to be used as control (1G). Room temperature was adjusted to 220C, and water (0.5 ml_ volume) was added to the pots before and immediately after the experiment. Experiment was carried out twice in order to verify the reproducibility of it.
Results showed that the seeds exposed to +7GZ germinated in three days in comparison to the four days necessary for the seeds in the control pots. At the end of the process, plants subject to simulated hypergravity were removed and measured by a caliper rule from root to top. Two embodiments of the invention process were:
(i) in the first embodiment, the mean height of the plants subject to +7GZ was 3.2 cm, against a mean of 1.9 cm of control plants, showed in Figure 1 ;
(ii) in the second embodiment, when more plants were subjected to the invention process (n=14), the mean height of the plants subjected to simulated +7GZ was 2.2 cm, a significantly greater value than the development of plants under 1G (control), which was 1.8 cm (p=0.02). Results described above support the applicability of the present invention process in the modulation of plant germination and/or growth.
Although the technical reasons for such amazing results are not totally elucidated, some guidelines to technical debate could explain such results. One of them could be related to the influence of plant hormone auxin, which modulates plant growth. Term auxin comes from Greek "auxein", that means to grow; therefore, auxin is characterized by being able to induce cell elongation in
stem sub-apical region. Auxin is a vegetal hormone responsible for plant cell growth, stem and root elongation, and fruit development. It is well known that auxins control gravitropism, promote apical dominance, and retard abscission. Auxin also affects physiologic processes, including phototropism, gravitropism, fruit development, among other functions. However, elongation is one of the most important effects of auxin action. One important stage of elongation is cell edge acidification caused by an electrochemical gradient, which leads to proton secretion through plasmatic membrane, promoting cell wall acidification, resulting in enzymatic activity increase. This enzymatic activity increase promotes cell structure ductility, enabling cell elongation. When water penetrates cell, osmotic pressure forces expand it. The amazing and significant development of Euruca sativa Mill after four days of exposition to intermittent simulated hypergravity could therefore derive from the variation of the amount of auxin. Likewise, hypergravity may change auxin levels in tissues. If so, it can be deduced that changes in the components of secondary metabolism may happen, such as enzymatic activities of phenylpropanoid and terpenoid pathway, as well as in the synthesis of development regulatory molecules. Example 2
From the results obtained in Example 1 , new experiments were carried out. In the present example, only soil method was employed, despite the variances obtained from the water factor. At the end of this experiment, however, it was visually noticed that the soil of the samples in the centrifuge was dry on the surface, possibly negatively influencing plant growth. Difficulty in establishing the exact amount of water that should be used to have the same moisture under 1Gz as well as under +7GZ was evident. Figure 2 shows that control sample growth (3.76 ± 1.21) was statistically greater (p = 0.00) than centrifuge sample growth (3.15 ± 1.00). However, when comparing growths in paper with water-centrifuge of Example 1 experiments (8.44 ± 1.43) to soil- control (3.76 ± 1.21), a significant difference (p = 0.00) was noticed, as showen in Figure 3. Therefore, the last experiment aimed only at the application of
paper with water method in order that the water factor did not interfere in results.
In the following experiment it was obtained a greater growth in centrifuge samples (4.00 ± 1.01) with statistically significant values (p = 0.00). However, plants did not reach 1 cm of difference from control (3.49 ± 1.27). In both samples, less growth was noticed, because mean height did not exceed 4.5 cm, which differs from previous experiments, when mean height was up to 8.5 cm. Factors that could have influenced results were low temperature and moisture conditions.
In the present invention, total phenolic compounds were quantified in both conditions and were not significantly different (p = 0.06), showing, therefore, that the hypergravity simulation did not affect the phenol production in plants (Table 2).
Table 2 - Values of total phenols in gallic acid equivalents (mg/g)
Control Centrifuge
0.08538 0.08850
0.06914 0.07852
0.05898 0.08928
0.06152 0.07912
0.07970 0.07872
0.06758 0.07952
0.05172 0.07150
0.08830 0.07932
Finally, in the histological cut of arugula cotyledons a difference in its essential oil distribution was noticed. In cotyledon-centrifuge cell, oil was distributed in the whole cell membrane, and small oil drops spread in cytoplasm were noticed (Figures 4 and 5). On the other hand, in cotyledon-control cells, oil was located in the center of the cell, showing a single, big drop (Figure 6).
By means of preliminary studies carried out at Microgravity Center - Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SuI, it was concluded that Eruca
sativa seed germination and growth are greater when these seeds are under intermittent simulated hypergravity conditions.
Results presented suggest that plant growth and/or development under simulated hypergravity can be an alternative to minimize one of the main problems confronted by agribusiness and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. In a shorter period and with low operational costs, it is possible to have an increase of vegetal raw production, as well as to provide quantitatively standardized vegetal extracts. In the invention process, simulated hypergravity level, duration of exposure and/or intervals are chosen according to the intended result of plant growth/development.
Those professionals familiarized with plant growth and/or germination will immediately value achievements and identify several technical, economic, environmental and health advantages of the technology here described. Small variations in the way of carrying out the invention here described should be considered within the scope and spirit of this invention and its claims.
Claims
1. Process of growing plants characterized by comprising at least one step of submiting the vegetal material to hypergravity conditions, resulting in a modification of the development of said plants.
2. Process, according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that said hypergravity condition is provided by a centrifuge.
3. Process, according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that said hypergravity condition is applied during intermittent periods.
4. Process, according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the hypergravity level, duration of exposure and/or intervals are chosen according to the intended result of plant growth/development.
5. Process, according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that said hypergravity condition is applied to seeds, modulating their germination and/or posterior development.
6. Process, according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that said hypergravity condition is applied to previously germinated plantules, modulating their development and/or metabolism.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08772762A EP2178358A4 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2008-07-09 | METHOD FOR CULTIVATING PLANTS IN HYPERGRAVITY CONDITIONS |
| US12/668,208 US8443544B2 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2008-07-09 | Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0705245-6 | 2007-07-09 | ||
| BRPI0705245-6A BRPI0705245B1 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | plant cultivation process under hypergravity conditions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009006719A1 true WO2009006719A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| WO2009006719A4 WO2009006719A4 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
Family
ID=40228128
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2008/000199 Ceased WO2009006719A1 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2008-07-09 | Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8443544B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2178358A4 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0705245B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009006719A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749290A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 李旭业 | Method for induced mutation breeding by hypergravity |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119277234B (en) * | 2024-12-11 | 2025-04-01 | 北京脑科学与类脑研究所 | Overweight rotating device for experimental animals |
-
2007
- 2007-07-09 BR BRPI0705245-6A patent/BRPI0705245B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2008
- 2008-07-09 US US12/668,208 patent/US8443544B2/en active Active
- 2008-07-09 EP EP08772762A patent/EP2178358A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-09 WO PCT/BR2008/000199 patent/WO2009006719A1/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| MATSUMOTO ET AL.: "Up-regulation of expression of tubulin genes and roles of microtubules in hypergravity-induced growth modification in Arabidopsis hypocotyls", ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH, vol. 39, no. 7, 1 July 2007 (2007-07-01), pages 1176 - 1181, XP022100176 * |
| RUSSOMANO ET AL.: "Effects of simulated hypergravity on biomedical experiments", IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE, vol. 26, no. 3, 1 May 2007 (2007-05-01), pages 66 - 71, XP011222379 * |
| See also references of EP2178358A4 * |
| SOGA ET AL.: "Hypergravity inhibits elongation growth of azuki bean epicotyls independently of the direction of stimuli", ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH, vol. 36, no. 8, 1 August 2005 (2005-08-01), pages 1269 - 1276, XP025309183 * |
| TOYOTA ET AL.: "Hypergravity stimulation induces changes in intracellular calcium concentration in Arabidopsis seedlings", ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH, vol. 39, no. 7, 1 July 2007 (2007-07-01), pages 1190 - 1197, XP022100178 * |
| WAKABAYASHI ET AL.: "Changes in levels of cell wall constituents in wheat seedlings grown under continuous hypergravity conditions", ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH, vol. 36, no. 7, 1 July 2005 (2005-07-01), pages 1190 - 1197, XP022100178 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749290A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 李旭业 | Method for induced mutation breeding by hypergravity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0705245B1 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
| EP2178358A4 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
| BRPI0705245A2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
| WO2009006719A4 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
| US20100180499A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| US8443544B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
| EP2178358A1 (en) | 2010-04-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Huang et al. | Allelopathic effects of Cinnamomum septentrionale leaf litter on Eucalyptus grandis saplings | |
| Kosakivska et al. | Phytohormones during growth and development of Polypodiophyta | |
| Mursaliyeva et al. | Seed germination of Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Caryophyllaceae), an endemic species from Central Asia and Kazakhstan | |
| US8443544B2 (en) | Process of growing plants under hypergravity conditions | |
| Babenko et al. | Effects of exogenous phytohormones on spore germination and morphogenesis of Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth gametophyte in vitro culture | |
| Saied et al. | Effects of different scarification methods on germination of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds | |
| Gunaeni et al. | The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Planting Density against Viral Infection and the Production from Bulbs of True Shallot Seed in the Highlands | |
| CN118525700B (en) | Application of flavonoid compounds in reducing in-vivo antibiotic resistance gene pollution of plants | |
| Edalatifard et al. | The optimum condition under light and Media for Seed germination of Withania coagulans | |
| Yachya et al. | Impact of IBA and ethephon combination on root biomass production of javanese ginseng (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn) cuttings under aeroponic system | |
| Espen et al. | Changes in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber at the onset of dormancy and during storage at 23 C and 3 CI Biochemical and physiological parameters | |
| Lucidos et al. | Determination of optimum conditions for breaking bulb dormancy in relation to growth and flowering in Lilium hansonii | |
| Merkys et al. | Development of higher plants under altered gravitational con dltlons | |
| Pradhan et al. | Svertia chirayita, A Critically Endangered Medicinal Herb | |
| Rineksane et al. | Benzyl amino purine enhances multiplication of Vanda tricolor protocorm like bodies | |
| Lu et al. | Effects of environmental stress and nutlet morph on proportion and within-flower number-combination of morphs produced by the fruit-dimorphic species Lappula duplicicarpa (Boraginaceae) | |
| Ma et al. | Overexpression of alfalfa γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) gene increases salt susceptibility of transgenic Arabidopsis in seed germination | |
| Naeem et al. | Effect of explants type and plant growth regulators on the initiation and multiplication of vegetative shoots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vitro | |
| Aly et al. | Efficient in vitro germination of the endangered Sinai hawthorn (Crataegus sinaica) | |
| Novitskaya et al. | The effects of a weak permanent magnetic field on the lipid composition and content in the onion leaves of various ages | |
| GB2152531A (en) | Germination and sustained growth of orchid seeds | |
| Saleh et al. | Tissue Propagation of Marjoram Plant (in vitro) | |
| Saberi et al. | Influence of chemical stimulators in decreasing of allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on germination properties of Onobrychis sativa | |
| Musgrave et al. | Brassica rapa L. seed development in hypergravity | |
| Nazirah et al. | EFFECTS OF SEMI-SOLID AND LIQUID MEDIA ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMILAX MYOSOTIFLORA PLANTLETS |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 08772762 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12668208 Country of ref document: US |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2008772762 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2008772762 Country of ref document: EP |