WO2009025213A1 - パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル - Google Patents

パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009025213A1
WO2009025213A1 PCT/JP2008/064509 JP2008064509W WO2009025213A1 WO 2009025213 A1 WO2009025213 A1 WO 2009025213A1 JP 2008064509 W JP2008064509 W JP 2008064509W WO 2009025213 A1 WO2009025213 A1 WO 2009025213A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
vehicle
respect
lateral direction
power unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2008/064509
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Akifumi Oishi
Takuji Murayama
Shinichiro Hata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority to EP08827752A priority Critical patent/EP2151603A4/en
Priority to BRPI0814810-4A2A priority patent/BRPI0814810A2/pt
Priority to CN200880025630A priority patent/CN101779059A/zh
Publication of WO2009025213A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009025213A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
    • B62M7/12—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with the engine beside or within the driven wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/04—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways with a shaft carrying a number of rotatable transmission members, e.g. gears, each of which can be connected to the shaft by a clutching member or members between the shaft and the hub of the transmission member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D47/00—Systems of clutches, or clutches and couplings, comprising devices of types grouped under at least two of the following sets of groups: F16D1/00 - F16D9/00, F16D11/00 - F16D23/00, F16D25/00 - F16D29/00, F16D31/00 - F16D39/00, F16D41/00 - F16D45/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/02—Control by fluid pressure
    • F16D48/0206—Control by fluid pressure in a system with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K2202/00—Motorised scooters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/11—Application
    • F16D2500/1107—Vehicles
    • F16D2500/1117—Motorcycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D43/00—Automatic clutches
    • F16D43/02—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically
    • F16D43/04—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by angular speed
    • F16D43/14—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by angular speed with centrifugal masses actuating the clutching members directly in a direction which has at least a radial component; with centrifugal masses themselves being the clutching members
    • F16D43/18—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by angular speed with centrifugal masses actuating the clutching members directly in a direction which has at least a radial component; with centrifugal masses themselves being the clutching members with friction clutching members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D43/00—Automatic clutches
    • F16D43/30—Systems of a plurality of automatic clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/0203—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein the gearbox is associated or combined with a crank case of an engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02047—Automatic transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02065—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions for motorcycles or squads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02086—Measures for reducing size of gearbox, e.g. for creating a more compact transmission casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/10—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with one or more one-way clutches as an essential feature

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

　クランク軸に接続された入力軸上に複数の変速用クラッチが配置された有段式自動変速装置を有するパワーユニットであって、シンプルな構成を有し、クランク軸の軸線方向における大きさが小さいパワーユニットを提供する。 　エンジンユニット２０は、クランク軸３４よりも後方かつ変速装置３１の車幅方向内側において、後輪１８の少なくとも一部がクランクピン３４ｃよりも車幅方向外側に位置するように取り付けられる。入力軸５２には、第１及び第２のクラッチ５５，５９並びに第１及び第２の変速ギア対８６，８３が設けられている。第３のキック用ギア１１１は、直接または間接的にクランク軸３４の第１の変速用ギア５８よりも車幅方向内側の部分に噛合している。第２の変速用ギア６３の少なくとも一部は、内側壁１１ｄの車幅方向外側に位置している。
PCT/JP2008/064509 2007-08-21 2008-08-13 パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル Ceased WO2009025213A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08827752A EP2151603A4 (en) 2007-08-21 2008-08-13 DRIVE UNIT AND MOTORCYCLE THEREOF
BRPI0814810-4A2A BRPI0814810A2 (pt) 2007-08-21 2008-08-13 Unidade de força e motocicleta com a mesma
CN200880025630A CN101779059A (zh) 2007-08-21 2008-08-13 动力单元以及具备该动力单元的摩托车

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007-214313 2007-08-21
JP2007214313 2007-08-21
JP2008-204931 2008-08-08
JP2008204931A JP4331785B2 (ja) 2007-08-21 2008-08-08 パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009025213A1 true WO2009025213A1 (ja) 2009-02-26

Family

ID=40378119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2008/064509 Ceased WO2009025213A1 (ja) 2007-08-21 2008-08-13 パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2151603A4 (ja)
JP (1) JP4331785B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN101779059A (ja)
BR (1) BRPI0814810A2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2009025213A1 (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI408878B (zh) * 2010-07-14 2013-09-11 Kwang Yang Motor Co Vehicle power generation device
JP2015006847A (ja) * 2013-06-25 2015-01-15 本田技研工業株式会社 車両の車速検出構造
CN106763550A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 中国第汽车股份有限公司 九挡双离合器式自动变速器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6445500B2 (ja) * 2016-09-15 2018-12-26 株式会社エフ・シー・シー 鞍乗り型車両
CN109538710A (zh) * 2016-11-29 2019-03-29 江苏华源节水股份有限公司 一种中小型喷灌机滑移换挡变速箱

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56147946A (en) 1980-04-21 1981-11-17 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Speed change gear
JPH11280623A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd パワーユニットおよび車輪の組立体
JP2007146803A (ja) * 2005-11-30 2007-06-14 Honda Motor Co Ltd ベルト式無段変速機を備えたエンジンのキックスタータ

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56147946A (en) 1980-04-21 1981-11-17 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Speed change gear
JPH11280623A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd パワーユニットおよび車輪の組立体
JP2007146803A (ja) * 2005-11-30 2007-06-14 Honda Motor Co Ltd ベルト式無段変速機を備えたエンジンのキックスタータ

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP2151603A4

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI408878B (zh) * 2010-07-14 2013-09-11 Kwang Yang Motor Co Vehicle power generation device
JP2015006847A (ja) * 2013-06-25 2015-01-15 本田技研工業株式会社 車両の車速検出構造
CN106763550A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 中国第汽车股份有限公司 九挡双离合器式自动变速器
CN106763550B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2023-09-08 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 九挡双离合器式自动变速器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4331785B2 (ja) 2009-09-16
JP2009068702A (ja) 2009-04-02
EP2151603A1 (en) 2010-02-10
EP2151603A4 (en) 2010-08-11
BRPI0814810A2 (pt) 2015-02-03
CN101779059A (zh) 2010-07-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2009016284A3 (fr) Assistance thermique pour vélo
EP1953367A3 (en) Vehicle engine idle speed control
WO2009041553A1 (ja) 車両用駆動装置
CN102139627A (zh) 混合动力传动系
WO2009017034A1 (ja) ハイブリッド電気自動車の駆動装置
WO2007139683A3 (en) Dual clutch powershift transmission with transfer shaft
WO2009025213A1 (ja) パワーユニット及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル
ATE467070T1 (de) Traktorgetriebe
EP2036758A3 (en) Transmission and vehicle having transversely mounted transmission and engine arranged in axial direction thereof
DE602007000906D1 (de) Grätschsitz-Fahrzeug
ATE415578T1 (de) Getriebemodul
WO2008114548A1 (ja) 産業車両用変速機
WO2008135838A3 (en) Four-wheel drive hybrid vehicle
WO2007022230A3 (en) Electronic control torque vectoring axle
MY168556A (en) Shift actuator, vehicle having the same, and method for mounting shift actuator
US9052007B2 (en) Gear-shifting mechanism for vehicles
WO2009041118A1 (ja) 小型車両
EP2036759A3 (en) Transmission and vehicle having transversely mounted transmission and engine arranged in axial direction thereof
US20100101366A1 (en) Four wheel drive powertrain
MY142158A (en) Straddle-type vehicle
WO2009025217A1 (ja) 有段式自動変速装置及びそれを備えた車両
CN206398021U (zh) 一种用于纯电动汽车中平行轴结构的两档变速器
WO2009077261A3 (de) Antriebsstrangmodul und antriebsstrang für ein kraftfahrzeug
WO2009025215A1 (ja) 有段式自動変速装置、それを備えたパワーユニット、及びそれを備えたモーターサイクル
RU2577927C1 (ru) Коробка переключения передач транспортного средства

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 200880025630.7

Country of ref document: CN

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08827752

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2008827752

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 416/KOLNP/2010

Country of ref document: IN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: PI0814810

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20100202