WO2009043281A1 - Method, system and device for realizing switching between main and spare - Google Patents

Method, system and device for realizing switching between main and spare Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009043281A1
WO2009043281A1 PCT/CN2008/072494 CN2008072494W WO2009043281A1 WO 2009043281 A1 WO2009043281 A1 WO 2009043281A1 CN 2008072494 W CN2008072494 W CN 2008072494W WO 2009043281 A1 WO2009043281 A1 WO 2009043281A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
standby
address
physical
active
communication identifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072494
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jimin Wu
Liyuan Cai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP08835192A priority Critical patent/EP2091180A1/en
Publication of WO2009043281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009043281A1/zh
Priority to US12/643,583 priority patent/US20100098085A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22—Alternate routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/56—Routing software
    • H04L45/566—Routing instructions carried by the data packet, e.g. active networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, system and device for implementing active/standby switching in a communication system. Background technique
  • the requirements for the reliability of the communication system are getting higher and higher.
  • the active/standby switching technology is often used, that is, two devices of the active and standby devices are set, under normal working conditions, The primary device provides services for the system; when the primary device fails, it switches to the standby device, and the secondary device provides services for the system.
  • the master and backup devices mentioned here are only relative concepts. In practical applications, the two devices are usually backed up with each other.
  • the active and standby devices share the same floating IP address.
  • the floating IP address mentioned here refers to binding a certain IP address to the working device, such as the network card of the active device, in the working state. In the event of a fault, the system automatically releases the floating IP address of the active device and binds the floating IP to the network adapter of the standby device.
  • Figure 1 ⁇ 3 shows the active/standby switchover of the existing floating IP technology.
  • the primary device A occupies a floating IP address, and the data sent by the application device (APP) to the floating IP is sent to the primary device A.
  • APP application device
  • Figure 2 And the process shown in FIG. 3, that is, as shown in FIG. 2, the main device A is released from the floating IP, and the system is offline, and cannot work normally; as shown in FIG. 3, the main device A is successfully released.
  • backup device B occupies a floating IP.
  • the active/standby switchover can be implemented in the above manner, the active device is required to modify the physical environment during the process of releasing the floating IP address and the IP address of the standby device, thereby causing the interruption of the currently ongoing service;
  • the process usually takes a long time.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for implementing active/standby switchover, which can avoid long-term interruption of the ongoing service when performing active/standby switchover.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a system for implementing active/standby switchover, which can avoid long-term interruption of the ongoing service when performing active/standby switchover.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device for implementing active/standby switchover, which can avoid long-term interruption of the ongoing service when performing active/standby switchover.
  • a method for implementing active/standby switching comprising:
  • the object to which the communication identifier is currently mapped is modified from the physical IP address of the active device mapped to the communication identifier to be mapped to the communication identifier to be switched to.
  • a system for implementing active/standby switching comprising: a backup device, an application device
  • the APP configured to send data to the communication unit
  • the communication unit is configured to traverse a physical relationship with a preset communication identifier
  • the standby device corresponding to the IP address sends the data received from the APP;
  • the standby device is configured to receive data from the communication unit.
  • a device for implementing active/standby switchover includes: a receiving unit, a sending unit, and the receiving unit, configured to receive, when the system performs an active/standby switchover, a physical IP address that is sent to a mapping relationship with a preset communication identifier.
  • the sending unit configured to send the received data to the standby device.
  • the system automatically acquires a target device that sends data according to a mapping relationship between a preset communication identifier and a physical IP address, and performs data transmission.
  • the data sent to the communication identifier is sent to the device corresponding to the physical IP address currently mapped to the communication identifier according to the mapping relationship of the communication identifier.
  • the scheme described in the embodiment of the present invention changes only the mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the device when performing the active/standby switchover, and does not need to be modified.
  • the physical environment of the device is set up, thus avoiding the long-term interruption of the ongoing business in the system.
  • Figure 1 ⁇ 3 shows the active/standby switchover of the existing floating IP technology.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an active/standby switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an active/standby switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for switching between active and standby according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the specific implementation may be: pre-establishing a mapping relationship between the set communication identifier and the physical IP address of the primary device and the standby device; at a certain moment in the communication process, the physical IP address of the primary device and the standby device
  • the communication identifier (hereinafter referred to as the communication identifier) in which the mapping relationship is established is uniquely mapped to one of the physical IP address of the active device or the physical IP address of the standby device.
  • a mapping relationship is established between the physical IP address of the active device and the communication identifier, and between the physical IP address of the standby device and the communication identifier.
  • a mapping relationship is established, that is, the physical IP address of the primary device and the physical IP address of the standby device are relatively stable.
  • the data sent to the communication identifier is received; the received data is sent to the device corresponding to the physical IP address currently mapped to the communication identifier; when the system needs to perform the active/standby switchover, the communication is performed.
  • the physical IP address that is identified as a mapping relationship is modified in the mapping relationship to the physical IP address corresponding to the device to be switched to, and the data sent to the communication identifier is sent to the device corresponding to the modified physical IP address.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an active/standby switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the system includes: a backup device 42, an APP 43, and a communication unit 44;
  • APP43 configured to send data to the communication unit 44;
  • the communication unit 44 is configured to send, by the backup device 42 corresponding to the physical IP address that is in a mapping relationship with the preset communication identifier, data received from the APP 43;
  • the backup device 42 is for receiving data from the communication unit 44.
  • the system further includes: an active device 41, configured to receive data from the communication unit 44;
  • the communication unit 44 is further configured to: before the system performs the active/standby switchover, send the received data to the active device 41 corresponding to the physical IP address that is in a mapping relationship with the communication identifier; when determining that the system needs to perform the active/standby switchover, Before the active/standby switchover, the object of the communication identifier mapping is the physical IP address of the active device 41. After the active/standby switchover, the object of the communication identifier mapping is modified to the physical IP address of the standby device 42, that is, after the active/standby switchover, the communication is performed. The mapped map object has changed.
  • the communication unit 44 pre-stores a mapping relationship between the preset communication identifier and the physical IP address of the primary device 41 and the backup device 42. At a certain moment in the communication process, the communication identifier is uniquely mapped to the primary device. One of the physical IP addresses of the device 41 or the backup device 42.
  • the communication unit 44 is composed of three parts of the communication layer corresponding to the APP 43, the main device 41, and the backup device 42 respectively.
  • the process of presetting the mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the primary device 41 and the mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the backup device 42 may be performed in any one of the communication layers.
  • each communication layer automatically exchanges the information stored by each other through information interaction. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, each communication layer stores a preset communication identifier and the main communication.
  • the communication unit 44 requests to modify the currently stored mapping relationship (that is, before the active/standby switchover, the object of the communication identifier mapping is the physical IP address of the active device 41. After the active/standby switchover, the object of the communication identifier mapping is modified to the standby device. Physical IP address of 42;); correspondingly, a certain communication layer in the communication unit 44 shown in FIG.
  • the physical IP address of the device corresponding to the communication identifier such as the physical IP address of the primary device 41, is modified to the physical IP address of the standby device 42.
  • the communication layers are updated and consistent.
  • one of the communication layers may be selected as the processing center, and all settings and modifications are made at the communication layer, and the communication layer notifies the other communication layers of the changes in time, and maintains the consistency of the information stored in each communication layer.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an active/standby switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the device includes: a receiving unit 51, a sending unit 52;
  • the receiving unit 51 is configured to receive, when the system performs the active/standby switchover, data of the backup device 42 corresponding to the physical IP address that is mapped to the preset communication identifier;
  • the sending unit 52 is configured to send the received data to the backup device 42.
  • the sending unit 52 is further configured to: before the system performs the active/standby switchover, send the received data to the active device 41 corresponding to the physical IP address that is in a mapping relationship with the communication identifier;
  • the device further includes: a modifying unit 53, configured to modify, when the system needs to perform the active/standby switchover, the physical IP address of the active device 41 that is mapped to the communication identifier by the object to which the communication identifier is currently mapped is to be Switched to the communication identifier
  • the physical IP address of the alternate device 42 that maps the relationship.
  • the device further includes: an establishing unit 54, configured to establish a mapping relationship between the preset communication identifier and a physical IP address of the primary device 41, and establish a preset communication identifier and a physical IP address of the standby device 42.
  • the mapping relationship between the communication identifiers is uniquely mapped to the physical IP address of the primary device 41 or the communication identifier is uniquely mapped to the physical IP address of the standby device 42 at some point during the communication process.
  • the sending unit 52 obtains the physical IP address currently mapped to the communication identifier through the query establishing unit 54, and sends the data received from the receiving unit 51 to the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address.
  • the device further includes: a determining unit 55, configured to determine whether a connection has been established between the device that sends data to the receiving unit 51 and the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address; if the connection has been established, the notification sending unit 52 uses the original There is a connection to send data to the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address; if the connection is not established, the connection is established, and the sending unit 52 is notified to use the newly established connection to send data to the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address.
  • a determining unit 55 configured to determine whether a connection has been established between the device that sends data to the receiving unit 51 and the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address; if the connection has been established, the notification sending unit 52 uses the original There is a connection to send data to the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address; if the connection is not established, the connection is established, and the sending unit 52 is notified to use the newly established connection to send data to the device corresponding to the obtained physical IP address.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for switching between active and standby according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation of this embodiment is based on the system shown in FIG. 4; as shown in FIG. 6, the following steps are included: Step S601: Setting a communication identifier (ID).
  • one or more communication identifiers are set in the communication layer, and each communication identifier can only correspond to one actual physical IP address at a certain time, but different communication identifiers can correspond to the same physical IP address.
  • the set communication identifiers can be represented by numbers, such as 1, 2, ... N (N is the number of communication identifiers).
  • the set communication identifier corresponds to a group of primary devices and their backup devices, and the step of transmitting data to the primary device can be understood as sending data to the communication identifier.
  • Step S602 Establish a mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the active device, and a mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the standby device.
  • a mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the active device and a mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the standby device are established in the communication layer, but at a certain moment of the communication process, the communication identifier It can only be uniquely mapped to one of the physical IP address of the primary device or the physical IP address of the standby device.
  • 4 Set the current mapped physical IP address to the physical IP address IP1 of the primary device, and then have ID->IP1. The method of establishing a mapping is prior art and will not be described here.
  • step S601 to step S602 can be performed in any of the three communication layers shown in FIG. 4, and it is assumed that step S601 and step S602 in the embodiment are completed in the communication layer corresponding to the APP.
  • Step S603 Receive data sent to the communication identifier, and send the received data to the device corresponding to the physical IP address to which the communication identifier is currently mapped.
  • the APP located at the service layer requests the communication layer corresponding to the communication layer to send data; the communication layer corresponding to the APP obtains the physical IP address IP1 that is currently mapped to the communication identifier according to the mapping relationship corresponding to the communication identifier set in advance; After the physical IP address is required, it is determined whether the connection between the APP and the active device corresponding to the address IP1 has been established. If the connection has been established, the data from the APP is directly sent to the active device by using the pre-established connection; To establish a connection, first establish a connection between the APP and the active device, and then send the data received from the APP to the active device.
  • the method for determining whether the connection has been established between the APP and the active device may be: querying the record of the communication layer itself, if the connection between the APP and the active device is established, then the APP and the active device are corresponding to each other.
  • the corresponding communication identifier is stored in the communication layer as a record. By querying whether there is a corresponding record, it can be known whether a connection has been established between the two.
  • Step S604 When the active/standby switchover is required, the object of the communication identifier mapping is the physical IP address of the active device. After the active/standby switchover, the object of the communication identifier mapping is modified to the physical of the standby device. The IP address, that is, after the active/standby switchover, the mapping object of the communication identifier changes.
  • the system detects that the primary device is faulty for some reason, for example, the active/standby switchover is required, and the backup device needs to repair the system.
  • Change the mapping object of the communication identifier and modify the physical IP address of the communication identifier currently mapped to the active device to:
  • the communication identifier is mapped to the physical IP address of the standby device to be switched to.
  • the current mapping of the communication identifier to IP1 is modified to:
  • the communication identifier is mapped to IP2.
  • the formula can be expressed as:
  • the active/standby switchover in this step is only a change of the communication layer mapping relationship, and does not involve any modification of the physical environment.
  • Step S605 After the active/standby switchover is completed, the data sent to the communication identifier is received, and the received data is sent to the device corresponding to the physical IP address that is modified to be mapped to the communication identifier.
  • the APP at the service layer requests the communication layer of its own to send data.
  • the communication layer corresponding to the APP obtains the physical IP address IP2 that is currently mapped to the communication identifier according to the modified mapping relationship.
  • the physical IP address obtained is obtained.
  • the service layer and the communication layer are separated, and the device in the service layer, such as the APP, only needs to know the target communication identifier of the transmitted data, and sends data to the communication identifier accordingly, without Understand the specific communication protocol; the communication layer automatically acquires the target device that sends data according to the mapping relationship between the preset communication identifier and the physical IP address, and performs data transmission.
  • the mapping relationship between the preset communication identifier and the physical IP address
  • the embodiment of the present invention When the active/standby switchover is performed, the mapping relationship between the communication identifier and the physical IP address of the device is changed, and the physical environment setting of the device does not need to be modified, thereby avoiding the current ongoing service in the system. Long-term interruptions facilitate the development of real-time business.
  • the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be through hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. the way.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of instructions for making a A computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) performs the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

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Description

一种实现主备切换的方法、 系统及设备 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术，特别涉及一种在通信系统中实现主备 切换的方法、 系统及设备。 背景技术
当前， 对通信系统的可靠性的要求越来越高， 现有技术中为实现 通信系统的可靠性保障， 往往釆用主备切换技术， 即设置主备两台设 备， 正常工作状态下， 由主用设备为系统提供服务； 当主用设备发生 故障时， 切换到备用设备， 由备用设备为系统提供服务。 这里所提到 的主备设备只是相对概念， 在实际应用中， 两台设备之间通常是互为 备份的。
主备设备对外共享同一个浮动 IP, 这里所提到的浮动 IP是指在 工作状态下， 将某一个确定的 IP地址捆绑到正在工作的设备， 比如 主用设备的网卡上； 当主用设备发生故障时， 系统自动释放主用设备 对浮动 IP的占用， 将该浮动 IP捆绑到备用设备的网卡上。
图 1 ~ 3为现有釆用浮动 IP技术的主备切换示意图。如图 1所示， 正常情况下， 主用设备 A 占用浮动 IP, 应用设备（APP )发送给浮 动 IP的数据都将发送给主用设备 A; 当系统检测到主机发生故障后， 进行图 2和图 3所示过程， 即如图 2所示， 释放主用设备 A对浮动 IP的占用， 此时系统处于脱机状态， 无法正常工作； 如图 3所示， 主 用设备 A成功完成释放操作后， 备用设备 B占用浮动 IP。
在实现本发明的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问 题：
上述方式虽然可以实现主备切换， 但是， 主用设备释放浮动 IP, 以及备用设备占用 IP的过程中都需要修改物理环境设置， 从而造成 当前正在进行的业务的中断；而修改物理环境设置这一过程通常需要 消耗较长的时间。对于实时通信系统来说， 较长时间内影响到业务的 正常运行显然是不可接受的。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种实现主备切换的方法 ,能够在进行主备切 换时， 避免当前正在进行的业务长时间中断。
本发明实施例提供一种实现主备切换的系统 ,能够在进行主备切 换时， 避免当前正在进行的业务长时间中断。
本发明实施例提供一种实现主备切换的设备 ,能够在进行主备切 换时， 避免当前正在进行的业务长时间中断。
本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种实现主备切换的方法， 该方法包括：
向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的主用 设备发送接收到的数据；
当确定系统需要进行主备切换时，将所述通信标识当前映射到的 对象从与所述通信标识成映射关系的主用设备的物理 IP地址修改为 将要切换到的与所述通信标识成映射关系的备用设备的物理 IP地址； 当所述系统进行主备切换后，向与预先设置的与所述通信标识成 映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备发送接收到的数据。
一种实现主备切换的系统， 该系统包括： 备用设备、 应用设备
APP以及通信单元；
所述 APP, 用于向所述通信单元发送数据；
所述通信单元，用于向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理
IP地址对应的备用设备发送所述接收自 APP的数据；
所述备用设备， 用于接收来自所述通信单元的数据。
一种实现主备切换的设备， 该设备包括： 接收单元、 发送单元； 所述接收单元， 用于在系统进行主备切换时，接收发送给与预先 设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备的数据； 所述发送单元， 用于向所述备用设备发送接收到的数据。 与现有技术相比， 本发明实施例的技术方案中， 系统根据预先设 置的通信标识与物理 IP地址之间的映射关系， 自动获取发送数据的 目标设备并进行数据发送， 当进行主备切换时， 只需根据通信标识的 映射关系，将发送到通信标识的数据发送给当前与通信标识成映射关 系的物理 IP地址对应的设备。 与现有釆用浮动 IP技术的主备切换方 式相比， 本发明实施例所述方案在进行主备切换时， 改变的仅仅是通 信标识到设备的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系， 无需修改设备的物理 环境设置， 从而避免了造成系统中当前正在进行的业务较长时间中 断。 附图说明
图 1 ~ 3为现有釆用浮动 IP技术的主备切换示意图。
图 4为本发明实施例主备切换系统的结构示意图。
图 5为本发明实施例主备切换设备的结构示意图。
图 6为本发明实施例主备切换方法的流程图。 具体实施方式
为解决现有技术中由于釆用浮动 IP技术而造成的系统进行主备 切换时， 当前正在进行的业务较长时间中断的问题， 本发明实施方式 中提出了一种新的实现主备切换的方案，即：当系统进行主备切换时， 向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备 发送接收到的数据。
具体实现可以为：预先建立设置的通信标识与主用设备和备用设 备的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系； 在通信过程中的某一时刻， 该与 主用设备和备用设备的物理 IP地址之间建立了映射关系的通信标识 (以下简称通信标识 )唯一映射到主用设备的物理 IP地址或备用设 备的物理 IP地址之中的一个。 此时， 主用设备的物理 IP地址与通信 标识之间建立了映射关系， 备用设备的物理 IP地址与通信标识之间 建立了映射关系， 即， 主用设备的物理 IP地址和备用设备的物理 IP 地址是相对稳定的。 在后续过程中， 接收发送到该通信标识的数据； 将接收到的数据发送给当前与该通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址 对应的设备； 当系统需要进行主备切换时， 将与该通信标识成映射关 系的物理 IP地址在映射关系中修改为将要切换到的设备对应的物理 IP地址， 并将发送到该通信标识的数据发送给修改后的物理 IP地址 对应的设备。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下参照附 图并举实施例， 对本发明作进一步地详细说明。
图 4为本发明实施例主备切换系统的结构示意图。 如图 4所示， 该系统包括： 备用设备 42、 APP43以及通信单元 44；
APP43 , 用于向通信单元 44发送数据；
通信单元 44, 用于向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备 42发送接收自 APP43的数据；
备用设备 42, 用于接收来自通信单元 44的数据。
该系统中进一步包括： 主用设备 41 , 用于接收来自通信单元 44 的数据；
通信单元 44进一步用于， 在系统进行主备切换前， 向与通信标 识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的主用设备 41发送接收到的数据； 当确定系统需要进行主备切换时， 在进行主备切换之前， 通信标识映 射的对象是主用设备 41的物理 IP地址， 在进行主备切换之后， 通信 标识映射的对象修改为备用设备 42的物理 IP地址， 即进行主备切换 后， 通信标识的映射对象发生了变化。
其中， 通信单元 44中预先存储有预先设置的通信标识与主用设 备 41和备用设备 42的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系； 在通信过程中 的某一时刻，该通信标识唯一映射到主用设备 41或备用设备 42的物 理 IP地址中的一个。
本发明实施例中，通信单元 44由 APP43、主用设备 41以及备用 设备 42分别对应的通信层三部分组成。 预先设置通信标识与主用设备 41的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系 和该通信标识与备用设备 42 的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系这一过 程， 可以是在其中的任何一通信层中进行； 设置完成后， 各通信层之 间会通过信息交互， 自动使各自所存储的信息保持一致， 所以， 本发 明实施例中，每个通信层中都存储有预先设置的通信标识分别与主用 设备 41和备用设备 42的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系； 当系统检测 到由于某种原因， 比如主用设备发生故障， 需要进行主备切换时， 会 通过与通信单元 44的信息交互，向通信单元 44请求修改当前存储的 映射关系（即在进行主备切换之前， 通信标识映射的对象是主用设备 41的物理 IP地址， 在进行主备切换之后， 通信标识映射的对象修改 为备用设备 42的物理 IP地址；)； 相应地， 图 4所示通信单元 44中的 某一通信层根据预先的设置，将通信标识对应的设备的物理 IP地址， 如主用设备 41的物理 IP地址， 修改为备用设备 42的物理 IP地址， 同时， 各通信层之间进行更新， 保持一致。
或者， 也可以选择其中的一个通信层作为处理中心， 所有的设置 和修改均在该通信层进行，该通信层会将所作改动及时通知其它通信 层， 保持各个通信层中存储的信息的一致。
图 5为本发明实施例主备切换设备的结构示意图。 如图 5所示， 该设备包括： 接收单元 51、 发送单元 52;
接收单元 51 , 用于在系统进行主备切换时， 接收发送给与预先 设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备 42 的数 据；
发送单元 52, 用于向备用设备 42发送接收到的数据。
其中， 发送单元 52进一步用于， 在系统进行主备切换前， 向与 通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的主用设备 41发送接收到的 数据；
该设备中进一步包括： 修改单元 53 , 用于在系统需要进行主备 切换时，将该通信标识当前映射到的对象从与该通信标识成映射关系 的主用设备 41的物理 IP地址修改为将要切换到的与所述通信标识成 映射关系的备用设备 42的物理 IP地址。
此外， 该设备中进一步包括： 建立单元 54, 用于建立预先设置 的通信标识与主用设备 41的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系和建立预先 设置的通信标识与备用设备 42的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系； 在通 信过程中的某一时刻， 该通信标识唯一映射到主用设备 41的物理 IP 地址或该通信标识唯一映射到备用设备 42的物理 IP地址中。发送单 元 52通过查询建立单元 54 , 获取当前与通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址，并将接收自接收单元 51的数据发送给获取到的物理 IP地址 对应的设备。
该设备中进一步包括： 判断单元 55 , 用于判断向接收单元 51发 送数据的设备与获取到的物理 IP地址对应的设备之间是否已经建立 连接； 如果已经建立连接， 则通知发送单元 52利用原有连接将数据 发送给获取到的物理 IP地址对应的设备； 如果没有建立连接， 则建 立连接， 并通知发送单元 52利用新建立的连接将数据发送给获取到 的物理 IP地址对应的设备。
基于上述系统和设备，图 6为本发明实施例主备切换方法的流程 图。该实施例的实现基于图 4所示系统；如图 6所示， 包括以下步骤： 步骤 S601 : 设置通信标识 （ID )。
根据系统当前的实际需要，在通信层中设置一个或一个以上的通 信标识，每个通信标识在某一时刻只能对应一个实际的物理 IP地址， 但不同的通信标识可以对应相同的物理 IP地址。 其中， 设置的各通 信标识可以用数字进行表示， 比如 1、 2... ... N ( N为通信标识个数）。 该设置的通信标识对应一组主用设备及其备用设备 ,则向发送该主用 设备发送数据的步骤可以理解为向该通信标识发送数据。
由于本发明实施例中只会使用到一个通信标识，所以多个通信标 识的情况与本实施例无关； 为便于描述，假设本实施例只设置一个通 信标识。
步骤 S602: 建立通信标识与主用设备物理 IP地址之间的映射关 系以及该通信标识与备用设备的物理 IP地址之间的映射关系。 本步骤中， 在通信层中建立通信标识与主用设备物理 IP地址之 间的映射关系以及通信标识与备用设备的物理 IP地址之间的映射关 系， 但通信过程的某一时刻， 该通信标识只能唯一映射到主用设备的 物理 IP地址或备用设备的物理 IP地址中的一个。 4叚设当前映射的物 理 IP地址为主用设备的物理 IP地址 IP1 , 则有 ID->IP1。 建立映射的 方法为现有技术， 此处不作介绍。
步骤 S601 ~步骤 S602所示过程可以是在图 4所示三个通信层中 的任何一个之中进行，假设本实施例中的步骤 S601和步骤 S602是在 APP对应的通信层中完成。
步骤 S603: 接收发送到通信标识的数据， 将接收到的数据发送 给该通信标识当前映射到的物理 IP地址对应的设备。
位于业务层的 APP 向其自身对应的通信层请求发送数据； APP 对应的通信层根据预先设置的通信标识对应的映射关系，获取当前与 该通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址 IP1； 获取到所需的物理 IP地 址后， 判断 APP与地址 IP1对应的主用设备之间是否已经建立连接， 如果已经建立， 则利用预先建立好的连接直接将来自 APP的数据发 送给主用设备； 如果预先没有建立连接， 则首先建立 APP与主用设 备之间的连接， 然后再将接收自 APP的数据发送给主用设备。
本实施例中， 判断 APP与主用设备之间是否已经建立连接的方 法可以是： 查询通讯层自身的记录， 如果 APP与主用设备之间已经 建立连接，那么， APP以及主用设备对应的通信层中会保存有相应的 通信标识作为记录， 通过查询是否存在相应的记录， 即可获知两者之 间是否已经建立连接。
步骤 S604: 当需要进行主备切换时， 在进行主备切换之前， 通 信标识映射的对象是主用设备的物理 IP地址，在进行主备切换之后， 通信标识映射的对象修改为备用设备的物理 IP地址， 即进行主备切 换后， 通信标识的映射对象发生了变化。
例如， 某一时刻， 当系统检测到由于某种原因， 比如主用设备发 生故障， 需要进行主备切换， 由备用设备为系统提供服务时， 需要修 改通信标识的映射对象 ,将该通信标识当前映射到主用设备的物理 IP 地址修改为： 该通信标识映射到将要切换到的备用设备的物理 IP地 址。 具体到本实施例中， 就是将通信标识当前映射到 IP1修改为： 该 通信标识映射到 IP2。 用公式可以表示为： 当主备切换时， 将通信标 识（ ID ) ->主用设备的物理 IP地址（ IP1 )修改为： 通信标识（ ID ) ->备用设备的物理 IP地址（IP2 )。
可以看出， 本步骤中的主备切换仅仅是通信层映射关系的改变， 不涉及任何物理环境的修改。
步骤 S605: 完成主备切换后， 接收发送到通信标识的数据， 将 接收到的数据发送给修改后与该通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址 对应的设备。
位于业务层的 APP 向其自身对应的通信层请求发送数据； APP 对应的通信层根据修改后的映射关系，获取当前与该通信标识成映射 关系的物理 IP地址 IP2; 获取到所需的物理 IP地址后， 判断 APP与 地址 IP2对应的备用设备之间是否已经建立连接， 如果已经建立， 则 利用预先建立好的连接直接将来自 APP的数据发送给备用设备； 如 果预先没有建立连接， 则首先建立 APP与备用设备之间的连接， 然 后再将接收自 APP的数据发送给备用设备。
后续过程中， 当再次发生主备切换时，系统只需重复步骤 S604 ~ 步骤 S605即可。
可见，本发明实施例的技术方案中，将业务层和通信层进行分离， 业务层中的设备， 如 APP只需知道发送数据的目标通信标识， 并相 应地向该通信标识发送数据， 而无需了解具体的通信协议； 通信层根 据预先设置的通信标识与物理 IP地址之间的映射关系， 自动获取发 送数据的目标设备并进行数据发送， 当进行主备切换时， 只需将通信 标识的映射对象由主用设备的物理 IP地址变为将要切换到的备用设 备的物理 IP地址， 并根据修改后的映射关系， 将发送到通信标识的 数据发送给修改后的物理 IP地址对应的设备。
与现有釆用浮动 IP技术的主备切换方式相比， 本发明实施例所 述方案在进行主备切换时， 改变的仅仅是通信标识到设备的物理 IP 地址之间的映射关系， 而无需修改设备的物理环境设置， 因而也就避 免了造成系统中当前正在进行的业务较长时间中断，方便了实时业务 的开展。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解 到本发明可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现， 当然也可 以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解， 本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以 软件产品的形式体现出来， 该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质 中， 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备（可以是个人计算机， 服 务器， 或者网络设备等）执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
总之， 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本 发明的保护范围。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种实现主备切换的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括： 向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的主用 设备发送接收到的数据；
当确定系统需要进行主备切换时，将所述通信标识当前映射到的 对象从与所述通信标识成映射关系的主用设备的物理 IP地址修改为 将要切换到的与所述通信标识成映射关系的备用设备的物理 IP地址； 当所述系统进行主备切换后，向与预先设置的与所述通信标识成 映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备发送接收到的数据。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法之前， 进 一步包括： 建立所述通信标识与所述主用设备的物理 IP地址之间的 映射关系和建立所述通信标识与所述备用设备的物理 IP地址之间的 映射关系。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述向与预先设 置的所述通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备发送接 收到的数据之前， 进一步包括：
判断向所述通信标识发送数据的设备与所述备用设备之间是否 已经建立连接；
如果已经建立连接， 则使用原有连接， 向所述备用设备发送接收 到的数据； 如果没有建立连接， 则建立连接， 通过所述建立的连接向 所述备用设备发送接收到的数据。
4、 一种实现主备切换的系统， 其特征在于， 该系统包括： 备用 设备、 应用设备 APP以及通信单元；
所述 APP, 用于向所述通信单元发送数据；
所述通信单元，用于向与预先设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备发送所述接收自 APP的数据；
所述备用设备， 用于接收来自所述通信单元的数据。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的系统， 其特征在于， 该系统中进一步 包括： 主用设备， 用于接收来自所述通信单元的数据； 所述通信单元进一步用于， 在系统进行主备切换前， 向与所述通 信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的主用设备发送接收到的数据； 当确定系统需要进行主备切换时，将所述通信标识当前映射到的对象 从与所述通信标识成映射关系的主用设备的物理 IP地址修改为将要 切换到的与所述通信标识成映射关系的备用设备的物理 IP地址。
6、 一种实现主备切换的设备， 其特征在于， 该设备包括： 接收 单元、 发送单元；
所述接收单元， 用于在系统进行主备切换时，接收发送给与预先 设置的通信标识成映射关系的物理 IP地址对应的备用设备的数据； 所述发送单元， 用于向所述备用设备发送接收到的数据。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的设备， 其特征在于， 该设备中进一步 包括：
建立单元， 用于建立所述通信标识与所述主用设备的物理 IP地 址之间的映射关系 ,以及建立所述通信标识与所述备用设备的物理 IP 地址之间的映射关系。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述发送单元进 一步用于， 在系统进行主备切换前， 向与所述通信标识成映射关系的 物理 IP地址对应的主用设备发送接收到的数据；
该设备中进一步包括： 修改单元， 用于在系统需要进行主备切换 时，将所述通信标识当前映射到的对象从与所述通信标识成映射关系 的主用设备的物理 IP地址修改为将要切换到的与所述通信标识成映 射关系的备用设备的物理 IP地址。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的设备， 其特征在于， 该设备中进一步 包括：
判断单元，用于判断向所述接收单元发送数据的设备与所述备用 设备之间是否已经建立连接； 如果已经建立连接， 则通知所述发送单 元利用原有连接向所述备用设备发送数据； 如果没有建立连接， 则建 立连接，并通知所述发送单元利用新建立的连接向所述备用设备发送 ' 薦 OOZXD/工：) d I8Z£藝 00Z OAV
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