WO2009046579A1 - An all working condition continuously measuring liquid level meter for a steam drum of a boil and the liquid level computing method thereof. - Google Patents

An all working condition continuously measuring liquid level meter for a steam drum of a boil and the liquid level computing method thereof. Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009046579A1
WO2009046579A1 PCT/CN2007/003012 CN2007003012W WO2009046579A1 WO 2009046579 A1 WO2009046579 A1 WO 2009046579A1 CN 2007003012 W CN2007003012 W CN 2007003012W WO 2009046579 A1 WO2009046579 A1 WO 2009046579A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
probe
liquid level
level
probing
steam
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PCT/CN2007/003012
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ming Luo
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Beijing Capstar Automation Instrument Co Ltd
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Beijing Capstar Automation Instrument Co Ltd
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Priority to EP07816625A priority Critical patent/EP2199760A4/en
Priority to US12/531,490 priority patent/US8272264B2/en
Publication of WO2009046579A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009046579A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/78Adaptations or mounting of level indicators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of liquid level measurement, in particular to a boiler steam drum level gauge with continuous measurement function of full working condition and a liquid level calculation method thereof.
  • the electric contact level gauge can only measure the liquid level intermittently when starting or stopping the furnace, or the abnormal liquid level, that is, the liquid level displayed can only be a range, so it cannot be used for automatic adjustment of the water level, and is limited by reliability. It is also generally not used for liquid level protection.
  • the temperature of the boiler drum generally ranges from 2Mpa to 20Mpa depending on the size of the unit.
  • the corresponding saturated water and steam temperatures range from 212°C to 365 ⁇ .
  • the dielectric constants of water and steam at normal temperature are 80 and 1, respectively, at 365°C.
  • the dielectric constants of water and steam are 9.94 and 2.65, respectively.
  • the dielectric constant of water is nearly 10 times, while the traditional capacitive level gauge can only be used when the dielectric constant of the medium being measured is relatively stable. Therefore, it cannot be used for liquid level measurement of boiler steam drums.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a continuous measurement of a boiler drum level gauge under full working conditions, which can calculate the liquid level value according to the real-time monitored water and steam dielectric constants, regardless of whether the boiler is in the furnace, shut down, In any state such as row and row, the liquid level gauge can reliably and accurately output continuous liquid level values, thereby realizing the function of continuously measuring the liquid level in all working conditions.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid level calculation method for continuously measuring the steam drum level of a power boiler under full working conditions.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a full working condition continuous measuring power boiler drum level gauge, the boiler drum level gauge comprises a metal measuring cylinder and a transmitter; There is a steam side pipe connected to the steam drum, a lower side of the metal measuring cylinder is provided with a water side pipe connected to the steam drum, and the metal measuring cylinder has an insulating sheath pipe, and the insulating sheath pipe is in turn from bottom to top. It is equipped with 1# probe, 2# probe and probe; each probe is insulated from each other; the three probes are connected to the transmitter through the probe leads.
  • the probe lead is a shielded wire, and the core of one end of the shielded wire is connected to the probe, and the other end of the shielded wire is connected to the transmitter. .
  • a liquid level calculation method for continuously measuring boiler drum level gauge under full working condition wherein the liquid level calculation method is: Using the parameters calibrated by the level gauge, the capacitance values of 1# probing, 2# probing and 3# probing are measured while the level gauge is working. The water and steam dielectrics are monitored separately by 1# probing and 3# probing. constant,
  • Condition B is not satisfied, indicating that the liquid level does not exceed 1#, and Hx does not change, ie:
  • Hl, H2, H3 physical heights of 1# probe, 2# probe, and 3# probe;
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitors, which are capacitance measurements of 1# probing, 2# probing, and 3# probing when the medium is air;
  • Cxl, Cx2, Cx3 Capacitance values of 1# probing, 2 ⁇ and 3# probing measured by the gauge; E1: distance of the lower end of the 1# probe from the centerline of the steam-water side tube;
  • ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 respectively, the gap between 1# probe and 2# probe and between 2# probe and 3# probe;
  • L the range of the level gauge, that is, the center distance between the boiler water side pipe and the steam side pipe;
  • dA The water per unit height causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water; dB: The unit-level steam causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • Hx temporary variable of liquid level
  • a method for continuously calculating the liquid level of a boiler drum level gauge under full working condition wherein the liquid level calculation method is: using a parameter calibrated by a liquid level meter, and measuring the level 1 and level 2 when the level gauge is working 3# probe capacitance value, using 1# probe and 3# probe to monitor the water and vapor dielectric constants respectively, using three probed null capacitors Cel, Ce2, Ce3 and full-value capacitors Cml, Cm2 Cm3 calculates the mapping heights H12 and H32 of the 1# probe and 3# probes relative to the 2# probe.
  • H 32 m3-Ce3 xH2
  • H X m + H2 + Ei + E2 + E3 + ⁇ hx - El - m2 ⁇ H2 H3
  • Condition C is not satisfied, indicating that the liquid level is below the 1# probe level or at the same level as the bottom end of the 1# probe stage.
  • Hl, H2, H3 physical heights of 1# probing, 2S probing and 3# probing respectively;
  • H12, H32 respectively, the mapping height of 1# probing, 311 probing relative to 2# probing, in the ideal state of physical structure, H12 is equal to Hl, H32 is equal to H3;
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitors, which are the capacitance measurements of the ltt probe, 2tt probe, and 3# probe when the medium is air;
  • Cml, Cm2, Cm3 full-value capacitors, which are capacitance measurements of 1# probing, 2# probing, and probing in the calibration medium;
  • Cxl, Cx2, Cx3 The capacitance value of the 1# probe, 2# probe and 3# probe measured during the operation of the level gauge; E1 : the distance from the lower end of the 1# probe to the center line of the steam-water side tube ;
  • E2, E3 respectively, the gap between the 1# probe and the 2# probe and between the 2# probe and the 3# probe;
  • L the range of the level gauge, ie the boiler water «the center distance between the tube and the steam side tube;
  • the water per unit height causes an increase in the capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water;
  • the unit-level steam causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • Hx temporary variable of liquid level
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: Since the boiler is started, shut down, and connected, the liquid level gauge only reflects the change of the dielectric constant of water and steam, and the boiler drum level gauge can be monitored in real time. The electric constant of water and steam, so whether the boiler is in the state of starting, stopping, or discharging, the boiler drum level gauge designed according to the invention can reliably and accurately output the continuous liquid level value, thereby realizing full work. The function of continuously measuring the liquid level.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the continuous measurement of a boiler drum level gauge in full working condition of the present invention.
  • Example 1 A continuous measurement of the boiler drum level gauge under full working conditions, see Figure 1, where Hl, H2, and H3 are the physical metrics of 1# probing, 2# probing, and probing, respectively, and E1 is 1# probing.
  • the distance from the lower end to the center line of the steam-water side pipe, E2 and E3 are the gaps between the 1# probe and the 2# probe and between the 2# probe and the 3# probe.
  • L is the range of the level gauge, that is, the center distance between the boiler water side pipe and the steam side pipe.
  • Hl 100 mm
  • H2 400 mm
  • H3 150 mm
  • the boiler drum level gauge comprises a metal measuring cylinder 4 and a transmitter 11; the upper part of the metal measuring cylinder is provided with a steam side tube 2 connected to the steam drum, and the lower part of the metal measuring cylinder is connected to the steam
  • the water side pipe 1 of the bag, the metal measuring cylinder has an insulating sheath tube 8 therein, and the insulating sheath tube is provided with 1# probe 5, 2# probe 6 and 3# probe 7 from bottom to top.
  • Each of the probes is insulated from each other, wherein the ltt probe is mainly used to monitor the dielectric constant of water, the 3# probe is mainly used to monitor the dielectric constant of steam, and the 2# probe is the main survey probe;
  • the three probes are connected to the transmitter 11 via probe leads 10, respectively.
  • the probe lead 10 is a shielded wire, and the core of one end of the shielded wire is connected to the probe, and the other end of the shielded wire is connected to the transmitter.
  • the three probes are measured in turn, and the 2# and 3# probes stop measuring when the 1# probe level is measured, and the 2# probe level measurement time 1# 3# Detecting stop measurement, 3# Detecting measurement 1 ⁇ , 2# Detecting stop measurement.
  • the metal measuring cylinder 4 has an insulating sheath 8 therein, and the upper and lower portions of the metal measuring cylinder 4 are sealed; in the insulating sheath 8, there are three measuring probe stages from bottom to top: 1#probing level 5, 2# ⁇ 6, and 3# ⁇ 7, the three probes are insulated from each other; the cores of the three shielded wires are connected to three probes, and the other core is connected to the shield.
  • Transmitter 11 is used to measure three capacitance values, calculate liquid level values, output level analog current signals, and communication numbers. signal. Transmitter 11 has built-in single-chip microcomputer, capacitance measurement, current transmission, digital communication interface and other circuits. The microcomputer completes the capacitance measurement signal processing, calculates the liquid level value, the output current value, and the digital communication. The transmitter calculates the liquid level value by measuring the capacitance value between the three probe levels and the metal measuring cylinder, and transmits the current through the current. The circuit outputs the liquid level analog current signal, and the digital communication interface and the host computer perform digital communication.
  • the metal measuring cylinder leads out two connecting pipes, namely the side steam pipe 2 and the water side pipe 1, and the side steam pipe 2 and the water side pipe 1 are respectively connected to the side steam pipe of the steam drum and the water side pipe of the steam drum, according to the principle of the connecting device,
  • the liquid level in the drum can be obtained by measuring the liquid level in the measuring cylinder; it is generally necessary to take insulation measures on the outside of the measuring cylinder so that the temperature of the water and steam in the measuring cylinder and the boiler The temperature of water and steam in the drum is similar, reducing the liquid level error caused by the density difference.
  • the liquid level calculation method for continuously measuring the boiler drum level gauge under full working condition is:
  • the liquid level meter is first calibrated as follows before leaving the factory:
  • Hl, H2, H3 physical heights of 1# probe, 2# probe, and 3# probe;
  • E1 the distance from the lower end of the 1# probe to the center line of the steam-water side pipe
  • E2, E3 respectively, the gap between the 1# probe and the 2# probe and between the 2# probe and the 3# probe;
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitance, respectively, capacitance measurement of ⁇ probe, 2# probe, and 3# probe when the medium is air;
  • the water per unit height causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water;
  • dB preset the increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air at a unit height; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • the level gauge calibrated by the above parameters calculates the liquid level value Hx after each set of capacitance values (Cxl, Cx2, and Cx3) is measured during operation.
  • JVC — ⁇ ⁇ — h £,1
  • Condition B is not satisfied, indicating that the liquid level does not exceed 1#, and Hx does not change, ie:
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitance, respectively, capacitance measurements of 1# probing, 2# probing, and 3# probing when the medium is air;
  • Cxl, Cx2, Cx3 Capacitance values of 1# probe, 2# probe and 3# probe measured by the gauge;
  • E1 the distance from the lower end of the 1# probe level to the center line of the steam-water-side pipe; when the lower end of the 1# probe is lower than the center of the water-side pipe, it is a negative value, and is higher than the center of the water-side pipe; In the embodiment, the distance between the lower end of the 1# probe and the center line of the steam-water-side pipe is 0, that is, the lower end of the 1# probe is aligned with the center line of the steam-water side pipe;
  • S E2, E3 respectively, the gap between the 1# probe level and the 2# probe level and between the 2# probe level and the 3# probe level; generally 2 ⁇ 3mm, in this embodiment, 1# probe level and 2 #Between the probes and between the 2# probe and the 3# probe, the gap is 3 legs.
  • L the range of the level gauge, that is, the center distance between the boiler water side pipe and the steam side pipe;
  • the water per unit height causes an increase in the capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water;
  • the unit-level steam causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • Hx temporary variable of liquid level
  • the diameter of the three probe stages, the inner diameter of the measuring cylinder and the thickness of the insulating sheath have certain errors due to physical factors, resulting in the boiler drum level in practical applications.
  • the amount of capacitance increase caused by the medium height of the medium between the three levels may be inconsistent. Therefore, it is necessary to set two mapping temperature values H12 and H32, which respectively represent 1# probe level and 3# probe level relative to 2# probe level.
  • the height of the map is used to correct the influence of the leveling of the level gauge and the physical error of the measuring cylinder on the liquid level value Hx, so that the boiler drum level gauge gives a more accurate liquid level value Hx; see Fig. 1, this embodiment
  • the calculation method of the liquid level of the boiler drum level gauge in all working conditions is as follows: The level gauge is calibrated as follows before leaving the factory:
  • Hl, H2, H3 physical heights of ltt probe, 2# probe, and 3# probe;
  • E1 the distance from the lower end of the 1# probe to the center line of the steam-water side pipe
  • E2, E3 respectively, the gap between the 1# probe level and the 2 ⁇ probe level and between the 2# probe level and the 3# probe level;
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitors, which are capacitance measurements of 1# probing, 2# probing, and 3# probing when the medium is air;
  • CmK Cm2, Cm3 full-value capacitance, respectively, capacitance measurement of 1# probing, 2# probing, 3# probing in calibration medium Measured value, usually water is used as the medium at the time of calibration;
  • the water per unit height causes an increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water;
  • dB preset the increase in capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air at a unit height; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • the level gauge calibrated by the above parameters calculates the liquid level value ⁇ after each set of capacitance values (Cxl, Cx2 and Cx3) is measured during operation ;
  • Condition C is not satisfied, indicating that the liquid level is below the 1# probe level or at the same level as the bottom end of the 11 probe stage, ie:
  • ⁇ 12, ⁇ 32 respectively, the mapping height of lii probing, 3# probing relative to 2# probing, in the ideal state of physical structure, H12 is equal to Hl, H32 is equal to H3;
  • Cel, Ce2, Ce3 null capacitance, respectively, capacitance measurements of 1# probing, 2# probing, and probing when the medium is air;
  • Cml, Cm2, Cm3 full-capacity capacitors, which are capacitance measurements of the 1# probe, 2# probe, and 3# probes when calibrating the medium.
  • Water is usually used as the medium at the time of calibration. In this embodiment, Using ice as the medium;
  • Cxl, C X 2, Cx3 capacitance values of the probe level, 2# probe stage and 3# probe stage measured during the operation of the level gauge;
  • E1 The distance from the lower end of the 1# probe to the center line of the steam-water side pipe; when the lower end of the 1# probe is lower than the center of the water-side pipe, it is a negative value, and when the lower end of the water-side pipe is higher than the center of the water-side pipe, this is a positive value.
  • the distance between the lower end of the 1# probe and the center line of the steam-water side pipe is 0, that is, the lower end of the 1# probe is aligned with the center line of the steam-water side pipe;
  • E2, E3 respectively, the gap between the 11 probe level and the 2# probe level and between the 2# probe level and the 3# probe level; in this embodiment,
  • the gap between the 1# probe and the 2# probe and between the probe and the 3# probe is 3mm.
  • L the range of the level gauge, that is, the center distance between the boiler water side pipe and the steam side pipe;
  • the water per unit height causes an increase in the capacitance between the measuring probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air; the change in dA reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the water;
  • dB The amount of increase in capacitance between the measurement probe and the metal measuring cylinder relative to the air in the unit temperature; the change in dB reflects the change in the dielectric constant of the steam;
  • Hx temporary variable of liquid level

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计及其液位计算方法
技术领域
本发明涉及液位测量技术领域, 尤其涉及一种具有全工况连续测量功能的锅炉汽包 液位计及其液位计算方法。
背景技术
由于锅炉汽包内的水和蒸汽都是高温高压, 且工况变化复杂, 其液位测量一直是个 难题, 目前大部分调节和保护用的锅炉汽包液位计采用平衡容器测量原理, 而平衡容器 对汽包的测量受工况条件影响, 在锅炉起炉和停炉过程中往往测量严重不准无法使用, 另外即使在锅炉运行过程中出现异常工况也可能导致无法正常测量, 严重影响了锅炉的 安全运行。 而电接点液位计在起停炉或异常工况时只能间断测量液位, 即显示出的液位 只能是一个范围, 因而不能用于水位的自动调节, 同时受可靠性的限制, 其一般也不用 于用于液位保护。
锅炉汽包的温度根据机组的大小一般从 2Mpa到 20Mpa不等,对应的饱和水和蒸汽温 度从 212°C到 365Ό ; 常温下水和汽的介电常数分别为 80和 1, 在 365°C时水和蒸汽的介 电常数分别为 9. 94和 2. 65, 水的介电常数变化近 10倍, 而传统的电容式液位计只能用 于被测量介质的介电常数相对稳定的场合, 所以也不能用于锅炉汽包的液位测量。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计, 该液位计可根据实时监测 的水和蒸汽介的电常数来计算液位值, 无论锅炉处于起炉、 停炉、 联排等任何状态, 该 液位计均能可靠准确的输出连续的液位值, 从而实现全工况连续测量液位的功能。
本发明另一个目的是提供一种全工况连续测量功锅炉汽包液位的液位计算方法。 本发明的目的是这样实现的: 一种全工况连续测量功锅炉汽包液位计, 所述锅炉汽 包液位计包括一金属测量筒、一变送器; 所述金属测量筒上部设有连接到汽包的汽侧管, 所述金属测量筒下部设有连接到汽包的水侧管, 所述金属测量筒内有一绝缘护套管, 所 述绝缘护套管内自下而上依次装有 1#探极、 2#探极和 探极; 各个探极之间彼此绝缘不 导通; 所述三个探极分别通过探极引线与变送器连接。
所述探级引线为屏蔽导线, 所述屏蔽导线一端的线芯连接探级, 所述屏蔽导线另一 端线芯和屏蔽层连接到变送器。 .
所述三个探级轮流测量电容, 任何一个探级测量电容的同时其他探级均停止测量。 一种全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法, 所述液位计算方法是: 采用液位计标定的参数, 液位计工作时测量 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值, 利 用 1#探级和 3#探级分别监测水和蒸汽的介电常数,
首先分别计算 dA和 dB:
A) 当满足条件 Cx2 - Ce2 > Cx3Cg3 x H2时, 更新 dA,
■ H3
J Cxl-Cel
dA
HI
B) 当满足条件 _ Cel xH2> (Cx2 - Ce2)时, 更新 dB,
HI
1n Cx3-Ce3
dB
H3
C) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 dB;
D) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 Ηχ:
1) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出液位临时变量 hx:
fa = (Cxi + Cx2 + Cx3 - Cel - Cel - Ce3) - (HI + H2 + H3) xdB [ ∑χ
_ dA-dB
2) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ:
Α) 当 hx>El+Hl+H2时, 液位在 3#探级处,
Ηκ = hx + E2 + E3
B) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+Hl时, 液位在 2#探级处,
Hx = hx + E2
C) 条件 B都不满足, 说明液位不超过 1#探级, 此时 Hx不用变, 即:
Hx~hx
其中:
Hl、 H2、 H3: 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理高度;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cxl、 Cx2、 Cx3: 液位计工作时测量的 1#探级、 2ΐί探级和 3#探级的电容值; E1: 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
Ε2、 Ε3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙;
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化; dB: 单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Hx: 液位值。
一种全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法, 所述液位计算方法是: 采用液位计标定的参数, 液位计工作时测量 1 探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值, 利 用 1#探级和 3#探级分别监测水和蒸汽介的电常数, 利用 3个探级的空值电容 Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3和满值电容 Cml、 Cm2、 Cm3计算得到 1#探级和 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度 H12 和 H32,
Cml-Cel
H32 = m3-Ce3xH2
Cml-Cel
首先分别计算 dA和 dB:
A) 当满足条件 Cx2 - C¾2> xH2时, 更新 dA,
H32
JA Cxl-Cel
dA
H12
Figure imgf000005_0001
Β) 当满足条件 xH2> (Cx2 - Ce2)时, 更新 dB,
HI 2
Jn Cx3-Ce3
a =
H32
C) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 dB;
D) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 ΗΧ:
1) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出与映射高度 Η12和 Η32相关联液位临时变量 hx:
fa = (Cxi + Cx2 + Cx3 - Cel - Ce2 - Ce3) -(HI 2 + HI + H32) x ^
― dA-dB +
2) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ
Α) 当 hx>El+H12+H2时, 液位在 3#探级处,
HX = m + H2 + Ei + E2 + E3+ {hx-El-m2~H2 H3
H32
B) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+H12时, 液位在 2#探级处,
Iix = x + £2— m2 + m
C) 条件 B不满足, 当 hx〉El时, 液位在 1#探级处, Ϊ2
D)条件 C不满足, 说明液位在 1#探级以下或与 1#探级底端处于同一水平面,
Ηχ=Ε1。
其中:
Hl、 H2、 H3: 分别为 1#探级、 2S探级和 3#探级的物理高度; ·
H12、 H32: 分别为 1#探级、 311探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度, 在物理结构理想状态 下, H12等于 Hl, H32等于 H3;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 ltt探级、 2tt探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cml、 Cm2、 Cm3: 满值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级、 探级在标定介质时的电容测 量值;
Cxl、 Cx2、 Cx3: 液位计工作时测量的 1#探级、, 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值; E1 : 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
E2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙;
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水 «管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化; .
dB: 单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Hx: 液位值。
本发明的有益效果是: 由于锅炉的起炉、 停炉、 联排等情况对于本液位计而言只是 反映出水和蒸汽介电常数的变化, 而本锅炉汽包液位计可以实时的监测水和蒸汽介的电 常数, 所以无论锅炉处于起炉、 停炉、 联排等状态, 按照本发明设计的锅炉汽包液位计 均能可靠准确的输出连续的液位值, 从而实现全工况连续测量液位的功能。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图 1是本发明全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例 1: , 一种全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计, 参见图 1, 图中 Hl、 H2、 H3分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 探级的物理髙度, E1为 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离, E2、 E3 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙。 L为液位计的量程, 即锅 炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距。 本实施例中, Hl=100mm , H2=400mm , H3=150mm, E1=0, E2=E3=3 mm。
所述锅炉汽包液位计包括一金属测量筒 4、 一变送器 11 ; 所述金属测量筒上部设有 连接到汽包的汽侧管 2, 所述金属测量筒下部设有连接到汽包的水侧管 1, 所述金属测量 筒内有一绝缘护套管 8, 所述绝缘护套管内自下而上依次装有 1#探极 5、 2#探极 6和 3# 探极 7, 各个探极之间彼此绝缘不导通, 其中 ltt探级主要用于监测水的介电常数, 3#探 级主要用于监测蒸汽的介电常数, 2#探级为主测量探级; 所述三个探极分别通过探极引 线 10与变送器 11连接。
本实施例中, 探极引线 10为屏蔽导线, 所述屏蔽导线一端的线芯连接探级, 所述屏 蔽导线另一端线芯和屏蔽层连接到变送器。
本实施例中, 为了防止三个测量探级之间的信号相互干扰, 三个探级轮流测量, 1# 探级测量时 2#和 3#探级停止测量, 2#探级测量时 1#、 3#探级停止测量, 3#探级测量时 1ίί、 2#探级停止测量。
本实施例中, 金属测量筒 4内有一个绝缘护套 8, 金属测量筒 4的上下处均密封; 在绝缘护套 8内, 从下至上依次有三个测量探级: 1#探级 5、 2#探级 6、 和 3#探级 7, 该 三个探级之间彼此绝缘不导通; 三根屏蔽导线 10—端的线芯分别连接到三个探级, 另 一端线芯和屏蔽层连接到变送器 11; 这样三个探级就分别与金属测量筒之间形成了三个 电容, 为了防止三个测量探级之间的信号相互干扰, 三个探级轮流测量, 1#探级测量时 2tt和 3ίί探级停止测量, 以此类推。 液位的变化、 水和蒸汽介电常数的变化将导致这三个 电容值的相应变化; 变送器 11用来测量三个电容值、 计算液位值、 输出液位模拟电流信 号和通讯数字信号。 变送器 11内置单片微型计算机、 电容测量、 电流变送、 数字通讯接 口等电路。 微型计算机完成电容测量信号处理、 计算液位值、 输出电流值及数字通讯等 工作, 变送器通过测量三个探级与金属测量筒之间的电容值来计算液位值, 通过电流变 送电路输出液位模拟电流信号, 由数字通讯接口和上位机进行数字通讯。
金属测量筒引出两个连接管即侧汽管 2和水侧管 1, 侧汽管 2和水侧管 1分别连到 汽包的侧汽管和汽包的水侧管, 根据连通器原理, 测量出测量筒内的液位即可得到汽包 内的液位; 一般需要对测量筒外面采取保温措施, 使得测量筒内的水和蒸汽温度与锅炉 汽包内水和蒸汽的温度相近, 减小因密度差引起的液位误差。
实施例 2:
参见图 1, 本实施例中, 全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法是: 液位计出厂前先进行如下参数标定:
Hl、 H2、 H3: 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理高度;
E1 : 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
E2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 Ιίί探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
dA预设: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB预设:单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
经过上述参数标定的液位计在工作时每测量到一组电容值 (Cxl、 Cx2和 Cx3 ) 后计 算液位值 Hx,
首先分别计算 dA和 dB :
A) 当满足条件 Cx2 - Ce2 > Cx3Ce3 x H2时, 更新 dA,
H3
HI
B ) 当满足条件 Cxl Cel x H2 > (Cx2 - Ce2)时, 更新 dB,
HI
dB =
H3
C ) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 dB;
D ) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 ΗΧ :
1 ) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出液位临时变量 hx:
Ί (Cxi + Cx2 + Cx3 - Cel - Ce2 - Ce3) - (HI + H2 + H3) x dB „.
JVC = —■ ~~— h £,1
dA - dB
2 ) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ:
Α)当 hx>El+Hl+H2时, 说明液位在 3#探级处, 此时 Ηχ应该加上 1#探级和 2#探级间 的间隙 Ε2及 2#和 3#探级间的间隙 Ε3, 即: Hx = hx + E2 + E3
B ) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+Hl时, 说明液位在 2#探级处, 此时 Hx应该加上 1#探 级和 2#探级间的间隙 E2, 即: '
Hx = kx + E2
C ) 条件 B不满足, 说明液位不超过 1#探级, 此时 Hx不用变, 即:
Hx = hx
其中:
Hl、 H2、 H3 : 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理高度; 本实施例中, Hl=100腿 H2=400mm H3=150mm
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3 : 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cxl、 Cx2、 Cx3 : 液位计工作时测量的 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值;
E1 : 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离; 当 1#探级下端低于水侧管中心处时 为负值、 高于水侧管中心处时为正值; 本实施例中 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的 距离为 0, 即制作时让 1#探级下端与汽包水侧管中心线对齐;
SE2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙; 一般为 2~ 3mm, 本实施例中, 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙均为 3腿。
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB: 单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Ηχ: 液位值。
标定时: Cel=100pF Ce2=180pF Ce3-120pF
Hl=100mm H2=400ram H3=150議
El-0 E2=E3=3 dA 预设 =0. 2 dB预设 =0
在某一时刻测量电容值: Cxl=125pF Cx2=228pF Cx3-125pF
计算过程如下- 计算 dA和 dB : A) Cx2-Ce2=48 Cx3~Ce3xH2^ 13.33
H3
满足条件 Cx2 - Ce2 > 3"Cg3 x H2 更新 dA:
H3
rvi一 Ce\
dA= l ° -0.25
HI
Figure imgf000010_0001
满足条件 Cxl Cel x H2 > (Cx2-Ce2) , 更新 dB:
HI
Cx3― Ce3
dB = 0 =0.0333
H3
计算液位值 ΗΧ:
1) 不考虑 E2和 Ε3计算出液位临时变量 hx:
. (Cxi + Cx2 + Cx3 - Cel Ce2 - Ce3) - (HI + H2 + H3) x dB Ρ1
πχ = + hi
dA-dB
=260.0 mm
2) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ
Α) Ε1+Η1+Η2=500, 不满足 hx>El+Hl+H2
B) E1+H1=100, 满足 hx〉El+Hl, 则:
Hx = hx + E2 =260.0+3=263.0 mm
实施例 3:
由于在锅炉汽包液位计生产制作中, 三个探级的直径、 测量筒的内径及绝缘护套的 厚度等因物理因素存在一定的误差, 从而导致在锅炉汽包液位在实际应用中单位高度的 介质在三个探级间引起的电容增加量可能不一致, 所以需要设定两个映射髙度值 H12和 H32, 分别表示 1#探级、 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度, 以此来修正液位计的探级和 测量筒物理误差对液位值 Hx的影响, 使锅炉汽包液位计给出更准确的液位值 Hx; 参见图 1, 本实施例中, 全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法是: 液位计出厂前进行如下参数标定:
Hl、 H2、 H3: 分别为 ltt探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理高度;
E1: 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
E2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2ίΐ探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
CmK Cm2、 Cm3: 满值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级、 3#探级在标定介质时的电容测 量值, 通常在标定时采用水作为该介质;
H12、 H32: 分别为 1#探级、 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度, 在物理结构理想状态 下, H12等于 Hl, H32等于 H3 (该参数也可以不进行标定而在计算时候再临时计算) ; 其计算方法为- H12= CmlCel xH2
Cm2 - Ce2
m2= Cm3-Ce3xH2
Cm2-Ce2
dA预设: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB预设:单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
经过上述参数标定的液位计在工作时每测量到一组电容值 (Cxl、 Cx2和 Cx3) 后计 算液位值 Ηχ;
首先分别计算 dA和 dB:
A) 当满足条件 0:2 - <¾2> 3Cg3xH2时, 更新 dA,
H32
Cxl-Cel
dA =
H12
B) 当满足条件 °^ "; Cel xH2> (Cx2 - Ce2)时, 更新 dB,
if 12
do =
H32
C) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 4B;
D) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 Ηχ: .
1) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出与映射高度 Η12和 Η32相关联液位临时变量 hx:
, (Cxi + Cx2 + Cxi - Cel - Cel - Ce3) - (H12 + H2 + H32) x dB
hx―― — h i
dA-dB
2) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ
Α) 当 hx>El+H12+H2时, 说明液位在 3#探级处, 此时的 Hx即为 1#探级高度 Hl、 2# 探级高度 H2、 El、 E2、 E3及液位在 3tt探级的高度之和, 即:
-m+m+ +E2+£3+ (hx― —m2H2)xm
H32
B) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+H12时, 说明液位在 2#探级处, 此时 Hx应该加上 1#探 级和 2#探级间的间隙 E2, 同时将 H12换算回物理高度 HI, 即: Hx = hx + E2— m2 + m
C)条件 B不满足, 当 hx〉El时候, 说明液位在 1#探级处, 此时应将 IS探级处的液 位按照 H12和 HI的比例计算回物理高度, 即:
Figure imgf000012_0001
D)条件 C不满足, 说明液位在 1#探级以下或与 11探级底端处于同一水平面, 即:
Ηχ=Ε1。
其中:
Η1、 Η2、 Η3 : 分别为 1#探级、 2tt探级和 3tt探级的物理高度; 本实施例中, Hl=100mm H2=400腿 H3=150mm
Η12、 Η32 : 分别为 lii探级、 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度, 在物理结构理想状态 下, H12等于 Hl, H32等于 H3 ;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3 : 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cml、 Cm2、 Cm3: 满值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级、 3#探级在标定介质时的电容测 量值, 通常在标定时采用水作为该介质, 本实施例中, 采用氷作为该介质;
Cxl、 CX2、 Cx3 : 液位计工作时测量的 探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值;
E1 : 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离; 当 1#探级下端低于水侧管中心处时 为负值、 高于水侧管中心处时为正值, 本实施例中 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的 距离为 0 , 即制作时让 1#探级下端与汽包水侧管中心线对齐;
E2、 E3 : 分别为 11探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙; 本实施例中,
1#探级与 2#探级之间和 探级与 3#探级之间的间隙均为 3mm。
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB: 单位髙度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Hx: 液位值。
标定时: Cel=100pF Ce2=180pF Ce3=120pF
Cral=123pF Cm2=270pF Cra3=159pF Hl=100腿 H2=働腿 H3=150删
E1=0 E2=E3=3 dA预设 =0.2 dB预.设 =0 在某一时刻测量电容值: Cxl=125pF Cx2=228pF Cx3=125pF 计算映射高度 H12和 H32:
皿 = Cml~Cel XH2-102.22 mm
Cm2 - Ce2
H32= e xH2=173.33 mm
Cm2 - Cel
计算 dA和 dB:
A) Cx2-Ce2=48 xH2= 11.54
H32
满足条件 Cx2 - Ce2 > Cx3 ~ °e3 x H2 更新 dA:
H32
Cx\ - Ce\
dA= -0.24457
H12
B) Cxl"CdxH2=97.8 Cx2-Ce2=48
H12
Figure imgf000013_0001
满足条件 xH2> {Cxi - Cel), 更新 dB:
H12
Cx\ Ce3
dB= =0.0288
H32
计算液位值 Ηχ:
1) 计算临时变量 hx:
fa _ (Cxi + Cx2 + Cx3 - Cel - Ce2 - Ce3) - (H12 + H2 + H32) xdB m ― dA - dB
=271.3mm
2) 根網所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ Α) Ε1÷Η12+Η2=502.22mm, 不满足 hx>El+H12+H2;
B) El+H12=102.22mm, 满足 hx>El+H12: 则:
Hx = hx + E2-H\2 + H\ =271.3+3-102.22+100=272. lmm

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计, 其特征在于, 所述锅炉汽包液位计包括一 金属测量筒、 一变送器; 所述金属测量筒上部设有连接到汽包的汽侧管, 所述金属测量 筒下部设有连接到汽包的水侧管, 所述金属测量筒内有一绝缘护套管, 所述绝缘护套管 '内自下而上依次装有 1#探极、 2#探极和 3#探极; 所述三个探极之间彼此绝缘不导通; 所 述三个探极分别通过探极引线与变送器连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计, 其特征在于, 所述探级 引线为屏蔽导线, 所述屏蔽导线一端的线芯连接探级, 所述屏蔽导线另一端线芯和屏蔽 层连接到变送器。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计, 其特征在于, 所述三个 探级轮流测量电容, 任何一个探级测量电容的同时其他探级均停止测量。
4、一种权利要求 1所述的全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法, 其特征 在于, 所述液位计算方法是:
采用液位计标定的参数, 在液位计工作时测量 1 探级、 2#探级和 3tt探级的电容值, 利用 1#探级和 3#探级分别监测水和蒸汽的介电常数,
首先分别计算 dA和 dB: '
A ) 当满足条件 Cx2 - Ce2 > ^ ^ x H2时, 更新 dA,
H3
Cxl - Cel
dA =
HI
B ) 当满足条件0Cgl x H2 > (Cx2 - Ce2)时 , 更新 dB,
HI
,n Cx3— Ce3
dB =
H3
C ) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 dB;
D ) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 Ηχ:
1 ) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出液位临时变量 hX :
, (Cxi + Cxi + Cx3 - Cel - Cel - Ce3) - (HI + H2 + H3) x dB r,
x = h ii
dA - dB
2 ) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ:
Α ) 当 hx>El+Hl+H2时, 液位在 3#探级处, Hx = hx + E2 + E3
B) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+Hl时, 液位在 2#探级处,
Hx = hx + E2
C) 条件 B不满足, 液位不超过 ltt探级, 此时 Hx不用变,
Hx-hx
其中:
HK H2、 H3: 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理高度;
Cel、 Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cx Cx2、 Cx3: 液位计工作时测量的 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值;
E1: 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
E2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之间和 2#探级与 3#探级之间的间隙;
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB: 单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; dB 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Hx: 液位值。
5、一种权利要求 1所述的全工况连续测量锅炉汽包液位计的液位计算方法, 其特征 在于, 所述液位计算方法是:
采用液位计标定的参数, 在液位计工作时测量 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值, 利用 1#探级和 3#探级分别监测水和蒸汽的介电常数,利用 3个探级的空值电容 Cel、Ce2、 Ce3和满值电容 Cml、 Cm2、 Cm3计算得到 1#探级和 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射髙度 H12 和 H32,
Οη1-(Μ χΗ2
Cm2 - Ce2
践 - Cne- m
Cml-Cel
首先分别计算 dA和 dB:
A) 当满足条件 Cc2- C½>^^xH"2时, 更新 dA,
H32 , Cxl- Cel
H12
B) 当满足条件 ― Cel xH2> (Cx2 - Ce2)时 , 更新 dB,
H12
Jn Cx3-Ce3
H32
C) 不满足条件则使用最近一次更新的 dA或 dB;
D) 液位计刚上电时使用预设的 dA和 dB;
然后计算液位值 Ηχ:
1) 不考虑 Ε2和 Ε3计算出与映射高度 Η12和 Η32相关联液位临时变量 hx:
fa = (Cxl + Cx2 + Cx3 -Ce\-Ce2- Ce3) -(H12 + H2 + H32) xdB £1
dA-dB
2) 根据所计算的 hx值判断液位的位置范围, 计算实际液位 Ηχ .
Α) 当 hx>El+H12+H2时, 液位在 3tt探级处,
Hx = Hl + H2 + El + E2 + E3+(fa''£1" 12"/ 2)xH3
H32
B) 条件 A不满足, 当 hx>El+H12时, 液位在 2#探级处,
Hx = hx + E2-H\2 + H\
C) 条件 B不满足, 当 hx>El时, 液位在 1#探级处,
Hx = ( x-E\)x— + El
H12
D)条件 C不满足, 液位在 1#探级以下或与 1#探级底端处于同一水平面,
Ηχ=Ε1。
其中:
Η1、 Η2、 Η3: 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的物理髙度;
Η12、 Η32: 分别为 1#探级、 3#探级相对于 2#探级的映射高度;
Cel. Ce2、 Ce3: 空值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级在介质为空气时的电 容测量值;
Cml、 Cm2、 Cm3: 满值电容, 分别为 1#探级、 2#探级、 3#探级在标定介质时的电容测 量值;
CxK Cx2、 Cx3: 液位计工作时测量的 1#探级、 2#探级和 3#探级的电容值;
E1: 1#探级下端离汽包水侧管的中心线的距离;
E2、 E3: 分别为 1#探级与 2#探级之 和 2#探级与 3 探级之间的间隙;
L: 液位计的量程, 即锅炉水侧管与汽侧管的中心距;
dA: 单位高度的水相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量;,dA的 变化反映了水的介电常数变化;
dB: 单位高度的蒸汽相对于空气引起测量探级与金属测量筒之间的电容增加量; 的变化反映了蒸汽的介电常数变化;
hx: 液位的临时变量;
Hx: 液位值。
PCT/CN2007/003012 2007-10-10 2007-10-22 An all working condition continuously measuring liquid level meter for a steam drum of a boil and the liquid level computing method thereof. Ceased WO2009046579A1 (en)

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